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Shi F, Liu Q, Yue D, Zhang Y, Wei X, Wang Y, Ma W. Exploring the effects of the dietary fiber compound mediated by a longevity dietary pattern on antioxidation, characteristic bacterial genera, and metabolites based on fecal metabolomics. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:18. [PMID: 38575955 PMCID: PMC10993571 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00787-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related dysbiosis of the microbiota has been linked to various negative health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effects of a newly discovered dietary fiber compound (DFC) on aging, intestinal microbiota, and related metabolic processes. The DFC was identified through in vitro fermentation screening experiments, and its dosage and composition were determined based on a longevity dietary pattern. METHODS Aged SPF C57BL/6 J mice (65 weeks old) and young mice (8 weeks old) were divided into three groups: a subgroup without dietary fiber (NDF), a low DFC dose subgroup (LDF, 10% DFC), and a high DFC dose subgroup (HDF, 20% DFC). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and serum samples of the mice were measured according to the manufacturer's protocol. The expression levels of characteristic bacterial genera and fecal metabolite concentrations in mice were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR). Metabolomics analysis was further conducted to identify biological functions and potential pathways related to aging. RESULTS After an 8-weeks dietary intervention, DFC supplementation significantly attenuated age-related weight loss, organ degeneration, and oxidative stress. And promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacteroides (p < 0.05) in the intestinal tracts of aged mice. Metabolomic analysis identified glycolipid and amino acid metabolic pathway biomarkers associated with aging that were differentially regulated by DFC consumption. Correlation analysis between the identified microbial flora and the biomarkers revealed potential mechanistic links between altered microbial composition and metabolic activity with aging markers. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study revealed an important mechanism by which DFC consumption impacts healthspan and longevity, shedding light on optimizing dietary fiber or developing fiber-based interventions to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengcui Shi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Qingli Liu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Dayong Yue
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Xueying Wei
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China.
| | - WenJian Ma
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Qilu Institute of Technology, Shandong, China.
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.
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Zhao T, Chen Q, Chen Z, He T, Zhang L, Huang Q, Liu W, Zeng X, Zhang Y. Anti-obesity effects of mulberry leaf extracts on female high-fat diet-induced obesity: Modulation of white adipose tissue, gut microbiota, and metabolic markers. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113875. [PMID: 38225139 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves (MLs) are reported to have beneficial effects in modulating obesity in male models. However, the impact of different types of mulberry leaf extracts (MLEs) on female models, specifically their influence on adipocytes, gut microbiota, and related metabolic markers, remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed a strong correlation between the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant and adipocyte modulation effects of water extracted MLEs. HB-W (water-extracted baiyuwang) and HY-W (water-extracted Yueshen) demonstrated remarkable inhibition effects on adipocytes in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes model. Moreover, MLEs effectively reduced the levels of triglycerides (TG), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and total cholesterol (T-CHO) in adipocytes in vitro. In vivo experiments conducted on female mice with high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity revealed the anti-obesity effects of HB-W and HY-W, leading to a significant decrease in weight gain rates and notable influence on the ratios of adipose tissue, particularly white adipose tissue (WAT). Gene expression analysis demonstrated the up-regulation of WAT-related genes (Pla2g2a and Plac8) by HB-W, while HY-W supplementation showed beneficial effects on the regulation of blood sugar-related genes. Furthermore, both HB-W and HY-W exhibited modulatory effects on obesity-related gut microbiota (Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents. Importantly, they also mitigated abnormalities in liver function and uncoupling protein 1 (UPC1) expression. Overall, our findings underscore the anti-obesity effects of MLEs in female rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhao
- Sericulture & Agri-food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China; Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
| | - Qirong Chen
- Guangzhou Coobase Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511493, China
| | - Zhang Chen
- Guangzhou Coobase Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511493, China
| | - Taoping He
- Guangzhou Coobase Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511493, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Sericulture & Agri-food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China
| | - Qingrong Huang
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Sericulture & Agri-food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Guangzhou Institute for Food Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, China
| | - Yehui Zhang
- Sericulture & Agri-food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China.
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Martinez ODM, Gomes MJC, Grancieri M, de São José VPB, Toledo RCL, Queiroz VAV, da Silva BP, Martino HSD. Sorghum flour BRS 305 hybrid has the potential to modulate the intestinal microbiota of rats fed with a high-fat high-fructose diet. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:647-657. [PMID: 36181539 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dry heated whole sorghum BRS 305 hybrid flour on the gut microbiota modulation and gut health of rats fed with a high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHF). METHODS In phase I (8 weeks), 45-50 days, male Wistar rats, were separated into the AIN93-M group (n = 10; fed with normal diet) and HFHF group (n = 20; fed with diet rich in saturated and simple carbohydrate). In phase II (10 weeks), we maintained the AIN-93-M group, and the HFHF group was divided into the HFHF group (n = 10) and HFHF plus sorghum flour group (n = 10). RESULTS The consumption of sorghum flour increased the circular muscle layer and propionic acid when compared to the HFHF group. The sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of the cecal microbiota presented no changes in the α-diversity and β-diversity between. However, the sorghum group exhibited higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared to the other experimental groups, and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes, compared to the HFHF group. Despite, sorghum increased the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group compared to the HFHF group. No differences were observed in total goblet cell number, crypt thickness and height, circular muscle layer, secretory IgA, and butyric acid between all groups. CONCLUSIONS The consumption of sorghum flour can modulate the gut microbiota composition, abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, and intestinal morphology even with consumption of an HFHF diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Grancieri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Celi Lopes Toledo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara Pereira da Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
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Batista KS, Soares NL, Dorand VAM, Alves AF, dos Santos Lima M, de Alencar Pereira R, Leite de Souza E, Magnani M, Persuhn DC, de Souza Aquino J. Acerola fruit by-product alleviates lipid, glucose, and inflammatory changes in the enterohepatic axis of rats fed a high-fat diet. Food Chem 2023; 403:134322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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van Walraven N, Stark AH. From food waste to functional component: Cashew apple pomace. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7101-7117. [PMID: 36825446 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2180616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Globally, large numbers of people suffer from undernourishment and food insecurity, while a third of food produced is lost or wasted. The widely cultivated cashew nut produces large quantities of waste in early processing. It grows on an edible peduncle called the cashew apple which contains many essential nutrients. An estimated 36.9 million tons of cashew apples are produced annually, but only small amounts are used to make juice. The remainder is considered production waste. This review presents the potential of cashew apple pomace as a food ingredient and examines the effects of incorporation on chemical composition, physical properties and sensory evaluation. Inclusion in optimized amounts into food products is a strategy proven to produce palatable results with high acceptability. Transforming this manufacturing by-product into a functional food component will have economic benefits, improve resource-utilization, promote sustainability and potentially increase the nutritional value of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie van Walraven
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The International School of Agricultural Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aliza Hannah Stark
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The International School of Agricultural Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Bertram HC. NMR foodomics in the assessment of diet and effects beyond nutrients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023:00075197-990000000-00051. [PMID: 36942870 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides an overview of most recent research studies employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in the assessment of effects of diet and food ingestion. RECENT FINDINGS NMR metabolomics is a useful tool in the elucidation of specific diets, for example, the Mediterranean diet, the New Nordic diet types, and also for comparing vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets where specific diet-linked metabolite perturbations have been identified. Another core area where NMR metabolomics is employed involves research focused on examining specific food components or ingredients, including dietary fibers and other functional components. In several cases, NMR metabolomics has aided to document how specific food components exert effects on the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Research has also demonstrated the potential use of NMR metabolomics in assessing diet quality and interactions between specific food components such as meat and diet quality. The implications of these findings are important as they address that background diet can be decisive for if food items turn out to exert either harmful or health-promoting effects. SUMMARY NMR metabolomics can provide important mechanistic insight and aid to biomarker discovery with implications for compliance and food registration purposes.
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Lucena TLC, Batista KS, Pinheiro RO, Cavalcante HC, Gomes JADS, da Silva LA, Lins PP, Ferreira FS, Lima RF, Lima MDS, Aquino JDS. Nutritional Characterization, Antioxidant, and Lipid-Lowering Effects of Yellow Mombin ( Spondias mombin) Supplemented to Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193064. [PMID: 36230142 PMCID: PMC9563763 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing yellow mombin (YM) on the oxidative, somatic, and lipid parameters in rats fed a high-fat diet. A total of 24 adult Wistar rats were randomized into three groups: normal-fat diet (NF), high-fat diet (HF), and high-fat diet with YM supplementation (HFYM). Diets were administered for four weeks, and YM (400 mg/kg) was supplemented via gavage in the last two weeks of the experiment. After the four-week period, the somatic, serum biochemical, and liver oxidative parameters were evaluated. YM has a high antioxidant activity and significant amounts of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamin C, dietary fibre, and minerals. The HFYM group had the lowest body weight (18.75%), body mass index (17.74%), and adiposity (31.63%) compared with the HF group. YM supplementation reduced low-density lipoprotein by 43.05% and increased high-density lipoprotein by 25.73%, but did not improve the triglyceride levels in the serum. YM treatment improved glucose tolerance and lipid peroxidation, and also enhanced the antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver. These results indicate the lipid-lowering property and potential antioxidant activity of YM against liver oxidative damage caused by a high-fat diet intake, which may be associated with the bioactive compounds present in this fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Luiza Costa Lucena
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Kamila Sabino Batista
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Pinheiro
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Hassler Clementino Cavalcante
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca Alencar de Sousa Gomes
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Laiane Alves da Silva
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Paulo Lins
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Souza Ferreira
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ferreira Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Agroindustrial Systems, Campus Pombal, Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Pombal 58840-000, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcos dos Santos Lima
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano (IF SertãoPE), Petrolina 56316-686, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory—LANEX, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Wang J, Dong L, Hu JQ, Wang YYF, Li A, Peng B, Zhang BW, Liu JM, Wang S. Differential regulation and preventive mechanisms of green tea powder with different quality attributes on high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:992815. [PMID: 36245513 PMCID: PMC9559937 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.992815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea powder has been reported to have some physiological functions. However, there is no report on whether there are differences in the active ingredients of tea powder with different qualities and whether there are different prebiotic mechanisms. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of different qualities of tea powder on preventing obesity from different aspects, namely antioxidation, inflammation, lipid-lowering, and intestinal flora, using an obesity mouse model. The results showed that all three types of tea powder with different qualities could reduce body weight and decrease serum TC, TG, and LDL-C. However, tea powder with different quality attributes exhibited diverse modulatory effects and mechanisms. Tender tea powder contained more tea polyphenols, and it had a better effect on improving oxidative stress. Tender tea powder significantly decreased the abundances of Blautia, Bilophila, and Oscillibacter, and increased the abundances of Alloprevotella, Lachnoclostridium, Romboutsia, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004. Coarse tea powder contained more dietary fiber, and had a better effect on reducing the food intake and improving lipid metabolism, which could reduce lipid synthesis and increase lipid β-oxidation. Coarse tea powder significantly decreased the abundance of Dubosiella and increased the abundances of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136 group and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002. Our findings provide a theoretical reference for the comprehensive utilization of tea powder.
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NMR-Based Metabolomics to Decipher the Molecular Mechanisms in the Action of Gut-Modulating Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172707. [PMID: 36076892 PMCID: PMC9455659 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics deals with uncovering and characterizing metabolites present in a biological system, and is a leading omics discipline as it provides the nearest link to the biological phenotype. Within food and nutrition, metabolomics applied to fecal samples and bio-fluids has become an important tool to obtain insight into how food and food components may exert gut-modulating effects. This review aims to highlight how nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in food and nutrition science may help us get beyond where we are today in understanding foods’ inherent, or added, biofunctionalities in relation to gut health.
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Lopes de Oliveira F, Yanka Portes Arruda T, Caldeira Morzelle M, Paula Aparecida Pereira A, Neves Casarotti S. Fruit by-products as potential prebiotics and promising functional ingredients to produce fermented milk. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111841. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Martin-Grau M, Marrachelli VG, Monleon D. Rodent models and metabolomics in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: What can we learn? World J Hepatol 2022; 14:304-318. [PMID: 35317178 PMCID: PMC8891675 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence has increased drastically in recent decades, affecting up to 25% of the world’s population. NAFLD is a spectrum of different diseases that starts with asymptomatic steatosis and continues with development of an inflammatory response called steatohepatitis, which can progress to fibrosis. Several molecular and metabolic changes are required for the hepatocyte to finally vary its function; hence a “multiple hit” hypothesis seems a more accurate proposal. Previous studies and current knowledge suggest that in most cases, NAFLD initiates and progresses through most of nine hallmarks of the disease, although the triggers and mechanisms for these can vary widely. The use of animal models remains crucial for understanding the disease and for developing tools based on biological knowledge. Among certain requirements to be met, a good model must imitate certain aspects of the human NAFLD disorder, be reliable and reproducible, have low mortality, and be compatible with a simple and feasible method. Metabolism studies in these models provides a direct reflection of the workings of the cell and may be a useful approach to better understand the initiation and progression of the disease. Metabolomics seems a valid tool for studying metabolic pathways and crosstalk between organs affected in animal models of NAFLD and for the discovery and validation of relevant biomarkers with biological understanding. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to NAFLD hallmarks, the five groups of animal models available for studying NAFLD and the potential role of metabolomics in the study of experimental NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Martin-Grau
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Vannina G Marrachelli
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
- Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleon
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
- Health Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid 28029, Spain
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Wang Z, Lin Y, Liu L, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Zeng H. Effect of Lotus Seed Resistant Starch on Lactic Acid Conversion to Butyric Acid Fermented by Rat Fecal Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1525-1535. [PMID: 34989559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effect of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) on lactic acid (LA) conversion to butyric acid (BA) fermented by rat fecal microbiota to construct an acetyl CoA pathway. According to growth curves, the microbiota compositions at 10 and 36 h were further analyzed. The microbiota in the LRS group had higher richness and diversity compared to glucose (GLU) and high amylose maize starch (HAMS). Moreover, LRS and isotope LA promoted the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, promoted BA production, and inhibited the growth of Escherichia-Shigella. The BUT pathway played a dominant role in three groups. At 10 h, Escherichia-Shigella and Bifidobacterium showed a negative correlation with BUT and a positive correlation with BUK, whereas Escherichia-Shigella, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia showed a positive correlation with BUT and BUK at 36 h. [3-13C] LA was converted to [4-13C] BA by the isotope labeling technique. Finally, LRS promoted LA conversion to BA mainly by the BUT pathway in intestinal microbiota, especially including Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Wang B, Yu H, He Y, Wen L, Gu J, Wang X, Miao X, Qiu G, Wang H. Effect of soybean insoluble dietary fiber on prevention of obesity in high-fat diet fed mice via regulation of the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 12:7923-7937. [PMID: 34251010 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in preventing obesity; however, the mechanism by which insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SIDF on obesity in HFD mice and determine the mechanism by which it prevents obesity through regulating the gut microbiota. Soybean insoluble dietary fiber (SIDF) was used as an intervention in HFD mice for 20 weeks. The results showed that SIDF significantly reduced the body weight (BW), fat index, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol while increasing the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in HFD mice. SIDF intervention was also beneficial for the reduction of liver lipid content and fatty droplets in mice. Furthermore, SIDF intervention improved the gut microbiota composition by increasing the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillales [order], Lactobacillus [genus], Lachnospirace_Nk4A136_group [genus]), and reduced the relative abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (such as Lachnospiraceae [family] and Bacteroides_acidifaciens [species]), which correlated with obesity (at least p < 0.05 in all instances). Finally, SIDF was fermented by related beneficial bacteria, which increased the content of the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and promoted the secretion of satiety hormones. In conclusion, SIDF intervention could prevent obesity in HFD mice by modulating the gut microbiota composition. Hence, SIDF may be used as a potential ingredient in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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14
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K F Leite A, Fonteles TV, B A R Miguel T, Silvestre da Silva G, Sousa de Brito E, Alves Filho EG, Fernandes FAN, Rodrigues S. Atmospheric cold plasma frequency imparts changes on cashew apple juice composition and improves vitamin C bioaccessibility. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110479. [PMID: 34399475 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) effect on cashew apple juice composition at different frequencies (200 and 700 Hz). The impact of this non-thermal technology on the organic juice compounds after the processing and along with the in vitro digestion carried out in a simulated digestion system at 37 °C/6 h was evaluated. The changes in the juice composition were determined by NMR spectroscopy and chemometric analyses. Vitamin C and total phenolic compounds were also quantified in processed and non-processed (control) juices and after each digestion phase. The results showed decreased glucose and fructose in samples treated by ACP and an increment in malic acid concentration for ACP700. ACP increased the amount of vitamin C in the juices and did not affect the total phenolic content. The gastric digestion highlighted the pronounced effect of plasma on the juice composition, increasing all of the components detected by NMR. Cashew apple juice processed by ACP700 presented a higher concentration of malic acid and phenylalanine. An increased bioaccessibility of vitamin C was also found for ACP700. Although ACP processing has decreased some compounds' concentration, this technology improved the bioaccessibility of vitamin C - the main bioactive compound of cashew apple juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K F Leite
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Thatyane V Fonteles
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Thaiz B A R Miguel
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Giselle Silvestre da Silva
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita Rua Dr(a), Sara Mesquita, n(o) 2.270, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Edy Sousa de Brito
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita Rua Dr(a), Sara Mesquita, n(o) 2.270, CEP 60511-110, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Elenilson G Alves Filho
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Fabiano A N Fernandes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Sueli Rodrigues
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 858, 60440-900, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
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15
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Santos DCD, Oliveira Filho JGD, Sousa TLD, Ribeiro CB, Egea MB. Ameliorating effects of metabolic syndrome with the consumption of rich-bioactive compounds fruits from Brazilian Cerrado: a narrative review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7632-7649. [PMID: 33977838 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1916430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables, including carotenoids, polyphenols, and phytosterols, may have beneficial effects against the development of obesity and other diseases. The fruits of the Brazilian Cerrado are rich in biologically active compounds but are underexplored by the population being used only locally dietary consumption. The objective of this review is to direct attention to the bioactive compounds already elucidated for the fruits of "Cerrado" cashew (Anacadium othanianum Rizz.), baru almond (Dipteryx alata Vogel), cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica DC.), "Cerrado" pear (Eugenia klotzschiana Berg), mangaba (Hancornia speciosa), and pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb), demonstrating possible metabolic effects of the consumption of these fruits on the metabolic syndrome and its risk factors. Studies have shown that Cerrado native fruits have a high content of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, which also demonstrate high antioxidant capacity and may be related to the protective effect in metabolic syndrome-related diseases by act as inhibitors in various processes in lipid metabolism and glucose transport. Although more scientific evidence is still needed, the consumption of native fruits from the Cerrado seems to be a promising strategy which -along with other strategies such as nutritional therapy- can ameliorate the effects of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Costa Dos Santos
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, IPTSP - UFG, Goias Federal University (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.,School of Nutrition, Unibras College of Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mariana Buranelo Egea
- Department of Agronomy, Goiás Federal University (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.,Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
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Dry heated whole sorghum flour (BRS 305) with high tannin and resistant starch improves glucose metabolism, modulates adiposity, and reduces liver steatosis and lipogenesis in Wistar rats fed with a high-fat high-fructose diet. J Cereal Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2021.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Zhang Y, Xie Q, You L, Cheung PCK, Zhao Z. Behavior of Non-Digestible Polysaccharides in Gastrointestinal Tract: A Mechanistic Review of its Anti-Obesity Effect. EFOOD 2021. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.210310.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Ghattamaneni NKR, Brown L. Functional foods from the tropics to relieve chronic normobaric hypoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 286:103599. [PMID: 33333240 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are regarded as a complementary therapy to improve chronic diseases such as obesity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory state leading to organ damage with increased risk of common diseases including cardiovascular and metabolic disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis and some cancers. IBD is a chronic intestinal inflammation categorised as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis depending on the location of inflammation. These inflammatory states are characterised by normobaric hypoxia in adipose and intestinal tissues, respectively. Tropical foods especially from Australia and South America are discussed in this review to show their potential in attenuation of these chronic diseases. The phytochemicals from these foods have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities to reduce chronic normobaric hypoxia in the tissues. These health benefits of the tropical foods are relevant not only for health economy but also in providing a global solution by improving the sustainability of their cultivation and assisting the local economies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga K R Ghattamaneni
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia
| | - Lindsay Brown
- Functional Foods Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia; School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, 4305, Australia.
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Incorporation effect of inulin and microbial transglutaminase on the gel properties of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) surimi. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Urinary Metabolic Profiling via LC-MS/MS Reveals Impact of Bovine Lactoferrin on Bone Formation in Growing SD Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041116. [PMID: 32316396 PMCID: PMC7230685 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) exerts a promoting bone health function. The effects of LF on bone formation at the metabolic level have been less explored. Urinary metabolic profiling of growing Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats LF-supplemented (1000 mg/kg bw) for four weeks were explored by Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The serum markers of bone formation and bone resorption, the bone mass, and the osteogenesis markers of femur were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, micro-computerized tomography, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Compared with the control, LF supplementation improved bone formation (p < 0.05), reduced bone resorption (p < 0.05), enhanced femoral bone mineral density and microarchitecture (p < 0.05), and upregulated osteocalcin, osterix, and Runx-2 expression (p < 0.05) of femur. LF upregulated 69 urinary metabolites. KEGG and pathway enrichment analyses of those urinary metabolites, and the Person’s correlation analyses among those urinary metabolites and bone status revealed that LF impacted on bone formation via regulatory comprehensive pathways including taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. The present study indicated the metabolomics is a useful and practical tool to elucidate the mechanisms by which LF augments bone mass formation in growing animals.
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de Sousa AR, de Castro Moreira ME, Grancieri M, Toledo RCL, de Oliveira Araújo F, Mantovani HC, Queiroz VAV, Martino HSD. Extruded sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) improves gut microbiota, reduces inflammation, and oxidative stress in obese rats fed a high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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