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Silva Barbosa Correia B, Drud-Heydary Nielsen S, Jorkowski J, Arildsen Jakobsen LM, Zacherl C, Bertram HC. Maillard reaction products and metabolite profile of plant-based meat burgers compared with traditional meat burgers and cooking-induced alterations. Food Chem 2024; 445:138705. [PMID: 38359568 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
We are undergoing a food transformation with the introduction of plant-based meat analogues, but little is known about their chemical characteristics. This study aimed to elucidate the Maillard reactions in plant-based meat burger alternatives (PBMBA). For this purpose, NMR-based metabolomics and targeted MS analysis of Maillard and dehydroalanine pathway markers were conducted on six PBMBA prototypes with different proportions of high-moisture protein extrudates, low-moisture extrudates and pea protein on a commercial PBMBA and on a meat burger before and after cooking. Results revealed that higher levels of Maillard reaction markers were present in PBMBAs in the uncooked state, with lower levels formed during cooking compared with conventional meat. The metabolite profile disclosed that the distinct pattern of the Maillard reaction could be attributed to different substrate availability, but data also revealed that pre-processing of the plant protein affects the presence of Maillard reaction products in PBMBAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johanna Jorkowski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | | | - Christian Zacherl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Giggenhauser Str. 35, 85354 Freising, Germany
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2
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Xie Z, He W, Gobbi A, Bertram HC, Nielsen DS. The effect of in vitro simulated colonic pH gradients on microbial activity and metabolite production using common prebiotics as substrates. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:83. [PMID: 38468200 PMCID: PMC10926653 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interplay between gut microbiota (GM) and the metabolization of dietary components leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) is affected by a range of factors including colonic pH and carbohydrate source. However, there is still only limited knowledge on how the GM activity and metabolite production in the gastrointestinal tract could be influenced by pH and the pH gradient increases along the colon. RESULTS Here we investigate the effect of pH gradients corresponding to levels typically found in the colon on GM composition and metabolite production using substrates inulin, lactose, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in an in vitro colon setup. We investigated 3 different pH regimes (low, 5.2 increasing to 6.4; medium, 5.6 increasing to 6.8 and high, 6.0 increasing to 7.2) for each fecal inoculum and found that colonic pH gradients significantly influenced in vitro simulated GM structure, but the influence of fecal donor and substrate was more pronounced. Low pH regimes strongly influenced GM with the decreased relative abundance of Bacteroides spp. and increased Bifidobacterium spp. Higher in vitro simulated colonic pH promoted the production of SCFAs in a donor- and substrate-dependent manner. The butyrate producer Butyricimonas was enriched at higher pH conditions, where also butyrate production was increased for inulin. The relative abundance of Phascolarctobacterium, Bacteroides, and Rikenellaceae also increased at higher colonic pH, which was accompanied by increased production of propionate with GOS and FOS as substrates. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results show that colonic substrates such as dietary fibres influence GM composition and metabolite production, not only by being selectively utilized by specific microbes, but also because of their SCFA production, which in turn also influences colonic pH and overall GM composition and activity. Our work provides details about the effect of the gradients of rising pH from the proximal to distal colon on fermenting dietary substrates in vitro and highlights the importance of considering pH in GM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Xie
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Alex Gobbi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Present Address: European Food and Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
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Correia BSB, Sandby K, Krarup T, Magkos F, Geiker NRW, Bertram HC. Changes in Plasma, Urine, and Fecal Metabolome after 16 Weeks of Consuming Dairy With Different Food Matrixes - A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300363. [PMID: 38299443 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Understanding the mode-of-action by which fermented dairy consumption influences health is of interest. The aim of this study is to elucidate the impact of the chemical-physical properties of the dairy matrix and postbiotic effects on the metabolomics response to fermented dairy consumption. METHODS AND RESULTS Hundred males (Body Mass Index (BMI) 28.0-45.0 kg m-2, waist circumference ≥ 102 cm) are included in the study. During a 16-week intervention, the study subjects are instructed to consume 400 g per day of either 1) milk, 2) yogurt, 3) heat-treated yogurt, or 4) chemically acidified milk as part of their habitual diet. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics is conducted on plasma, urine, and fecal samples collected before and after the intervention. Both consumption of acidified milk and heat-treated yogurt resulted in changes in the fecal metabolome including decreases in the level of amino acids (leucine, valine, and threonine), and the branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) isobutyrate that indicated an altered protein putrefaction, and proteolytic metabolism in the gut. In the plasma metabolome, an increased citrate is found for yogurt consumption. No difference in the urine metabolome is found. CONCLUSIONS Our metabolomics analyses indicate that consumption of heat-treated yogurt and acidified milk exerted similar effects on the metabolic activity in the gut as yogurt consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banny S B Correia
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Midtjylland, 8200, Denmark
| | - Karoline Sandby
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Thure Krarup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
| | - Nina R W Geiker
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1958, Denmark
- Center for Childhood Health, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark
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Zhao X, He W, Jakobsen LMA, Zachariassen LF, Hansen AK, Rasmussen MK, Bertram HC. Inulin Supplementation Modulates the Hepatic Transcriptome, Metabolome, and Ferritin Content in Ovariectomized Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300372. [PMID: 37849247 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Liver is an important metabolic organ regulating whole-body homeostasis. This study aims to investigate how prebiotic-induced changes in the metabolic activity of the gut microbiome (GM) and dietary calcium depletion modulates the hepatic metabolome and transcriptome. METHODS AND RESULTS The serum metabolome, liver metabolome, and transcriptome are determined on samples from ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed a control diet (Control, n = 7), a control diet supplemented with 5% w/w inulin (Inulin, n = 7), or a calcium-deficient diet (CaDef, n = 7). Inulin fortification is associated with higher serum concentrations of acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and reduced concentration of dimethyl sulfone, revealing that changes in the metabolic activity of the GM are reflected in circulating metabolites. Metabolomics also reveal that the inulin-fortified diet results in lower concentrations of hepatic glutamate, serine, and hypoxanthine while transcriptomics reveal accompanying effects on the hepatic expression of ferric iron binding-related genes. Inulin fortification also induces effects on the hepatic expression of genes involved in olfactory transduction, suggesting that prebiotics regulate liver function through yet unidentified mechanisms involving olfactory receptors. CONCLUSION Inulin ingestion impacts hepatic gene expression and is associated with an upregulation of ferritin synthesis-related genes and liver ferritin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhao
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanjing Road E. 235, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | - Louise M A Jakobsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Line F Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - Axel K Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C, 1870, Denmark
| | - Martin Krøyer Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Lanng SK, Oxfeldt M, Johansen FT, Risikesan J, Hansen M, Bertram HC. Acute changes in the metabolome following resistance exercise combined with intake of different protein sources (cricket, pea, whey). Metabolomics 2023; 19:98. [PMID: 37999866 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Separately, both exercise and protein ingestion have been shown to alter the blood and urine metabolome. This study goes a step further and examines changes in the metabolome derived from blood, urine and muscle tissue extracts in response to resistance exercise combined with ingestion of three different protein sources. METHODS In an acute parallel study, 52 young males performed one-legged resistance exercise (leg extension, 4 × 10 repetitions at 10 repetition maximum) followed by ingestion of either cricket (insect), pea or whey protein (0.25 g protein/kg fat free mass). Blood and muscle tissue were collected at baseline and three hours after protein ingestion. Urine was collected at baseline and four hours after protein ingestion. Mixed-effects analyses were applied to examine the effect of the time (baseline vs. post), protein (cricket, pea, whey), and time x protein interaction. RESULTS Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics resulted in the annotation and quantification of 25 metabolites in blood, 35 in urine and 21 in muscle tissue. Changes in the muscle metabolome after combined exercise and protein intake indicated effects related to the protein source ingested. Muscle concentrations of leucine, methionine, glutamate and myo-inositol were higher after intake of whey protein compared to both cricket and pea protein. The blood metabolome revealed changes in a more ketogenic direction three hours after exercise reflecting that the trial was conducted after overnight fasting. Urinary concentration of trimethylamine N-oxide was significantly higher after ingestion of cricket than pea and whey protein. CONCLUSION The blood, urine and muscle metabolome showed different and supplementary responses to exercise and ingestion of the different protein sources, and in synergy the summarized results provided a more complete picture of the metabolic state of the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kaas Lanng
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, 8200, Denmark
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, 8200, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Jeyanthini Risikesan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Regional Hospital Gødstrup, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, 8200, Denmark.
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, 8200, Denmark.
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Oladosu OJ, Correia BSB, Grafl B, Liebhart D, Metges CC, Bertram HC, Daş G. 1H-NMR based-metabolomics reveals alterations in the metabolite profiles of chickens infected with ascarids and concurrent histomonosis infection. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:56. [PMID: 37978563 PMCID: PMC10655416 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut infections of chickens caused by Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum are associated with impaired host performance, particularly in high-performing genotypes. Heterakis gallinarum is also a vector of Histomonas meleagridis that is often co-involved with ascarid infections. Here, we provide a first insight into the alteration of the chicken plasma and liver metabolome as a result of gastrointestinal nematode infections with concomitant histomonosis. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) based-metabolomics coupled with a bioinformatics analysis was applied to explore the variation in the metabolite profiles of the liver (N = 105) and plasma samples from chickens (N = 108) experimentally infected with A. galli and H. gallinarum (+H. meleagridis). This was compared with uninfected chickens at different weeks post-infection (wpi 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 18) representing different developmental stages of the worms. RESULTS A total of 31 and 54 metabolites were quantified in plasma and aqueous liver extracts, respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in any of the 54 identified liver metabolites between infected and uninfected hens. In contrast, 20 plasma metabolites including, amino acids, sugars, and organic acids showed significantly elevated concentrations in the infected hens (P < 0.05). Alterations of plasma metabolites occurred particularly in wpi 2, 6 and 10, covering the pre-patent period of worm infections. Plasma metabolites with the highest variation at these time points included glutamate, succinate, trimethylamine-N-oxide, myo-inositol, and acetate. Differential pathway analysis suggested that infection induced changes in (1) phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism, (2) alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; and 3) arginine and proline metabolism (Pathway impact > 0.1 with FDR adjusted P-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, 1H-NMR based-metabolomics revealed significant alterations in the plasma metabolome of high performing chickens infected with gut pathogens-A. galli and H. gallinarum. The alterations suggested upregulation of key metabolic pathways mainly during the patency of infections. This approach extends our understanding of host interactions with gastrointestinal nematodes at the metabolic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyekunle John Oladosu
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | - Beatrice Grafl
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Liebhart
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia C Metges
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | - Gürbüz Daş
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Lanng SK, Oxfeldt M, Pedersen SS, Johansen FT, Risikesan J, Lejel T, Bertram HC, Hansen M. Influence of protein source (cricket, pea, whey) on amino acid bioavailability and activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway after resistance exercise in healthy young males. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1295-1308. [PMID: 36536114 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03071-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE New dietary proteins are currently introduced to replace traditional animal protein sources. However, not much is known about their bioaccessibility and ability to stimulate muscle protein synthesis compared to the traditional protein sources. We aimed to compare effects of ingesting a protein bolus (0.25 g/kg fat free mass) of either cricket (insect), pea, or whey protein on circulating amino acid levels and activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle at rest and after exercise. METHODS In a randomized parallel controlled trial, young males (n = 50) performed a one-legged resistance exercise followed by ingestion of one of the three protein sources. Blood samples were collected before and in the following 4 h after exercise. Muscle biopsies were obtained at baseline and after 3 h from the non-exercised and exercised leg. RESULTS Analysis of blood serum showed a significantly higher concentration of amino acids after ingestion of whey protein compared to cricket and pea protein. No difference between protein sources in activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway was observed either at rest or after exercise. CONCLUSION Amino acid blood concentration after protein ingestion was higher for whey than pea and cricket protein, whereas activation of mTORC1 signaling pathway at rest and after exercise did not differ between protein sources. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Clinicaltrials.org ID NCT04633694.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kaas Lanng
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jeyanthini Risikesan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Diabetes and Hormones Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Trine Lejel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Regional Hospital Horsens, 8700, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Mette Hansen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Bertram HC. NMR foodomics in the assessment of diet and effects beyond nutrients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023:00075197-990000000-00051. [PMID: 36942870 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides an overview of most recent research studies employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics in the assessment of effects of diet and food ingestion. RECENT FINDINGS NMR metabolomics is a useful tool in the elucidation of specific diets, for example, the Mediterranean diet, the New Nordic diet types, and also for comparing vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets where specific diet-linked metabolite perturbations have been identified. Another core area where NMR metabolomics is employed involves research focused on examining specific food components or ingredients, including dietary fibers and other functional components. In several cases, NMR metabolomics has aided to document how specific food components exert effects on the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Research has also demonstrated the potential use of NMR metabolomics in assessing diet quality and interactions between specific food components such as meat and diet quality. The implications of these findings are important as they address that background diet can be decisive for if food items turn out to exert either harmful or health-promoting effects. SUMMARY NMR metabolomics can provide important mechanistic insight and aid to biomarker discovery with implications for compliance and food registration purposes.
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He W, Xie Z, Wittig NK, Zachariassen LF, Andersen A, Andersen HJ, Birkedal H, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK, Bertram HC. Yogurt Benefits Bone Mineralization in Ovariectomized Rats with Concomitant Modulation of the Gut Microbiome. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200174. [PMID: 36039478 PMCID: PMC9788323 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Evidence supports that gut-modulating foods potentially can suppress bone loss in postmenopausal women. This study aims to investigate the effect of milk calcium-enriched milk, yogurt, and yogurt-inulin combination on the gut-bone association. METHODS AND RESULTS A 6-week intervention study is conducted in ovariectomized rats. Four pastes containing milk calcium-fortified milk (M-Ca), milk calcium-fortified yogurt (Y-Ca), inulin-fortified Y-Ca (Y-I-Ca), or an isoconcentration of calcium carbonate (Ca-N), and a calcium-deficient paste are provided. M-Ca does not influence bone mineral density and content (BMD and BMC), femur mechanical strength, or femoral microstructure compared to Ca-N, but Y-Ca increases spine BMD. The serum metabolome reveals that Y-Ca modulated glycine-related pathways with reduced glycine, serine, and threonine. No additive effects of yogurt and inulin are found on bone parameters. Correlation analysis shows that increased lactobacilli and reduced Clostridiaceae members in Y-Ca is associated with an increased spine BMD. Increases in Bifidobacterium pseudolongum, Turicibacter, Blautia, and Allobaculum and gut short-chain fatty acids in Y-I-Ca are not reflected in bone parameters. CONCLUSION Yogurt as calcium vehicle contributes to increased spine BMD concomitant with changes in the gut microbiome and glycine-related pathways, while adding inulin to yogurt does not affect bone mineralization in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Department of Food ScienceAarhus UniversityAgro Food Park 48Aarhus N8200Denmark
| | - Zhuqing Xie
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenDK‐1958FrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Nina Kølln Wittig
- Department of Chemistry and iNANOAarhus UniversityDK‐8000Aarhus CDenmark
| | - Line F. Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDK‐1958FrederiksbergDenmark
| | | | | | - Henrik Birkedal
- Department of Chemistry and iNANOAarhus UniversityDK‐8000Aarhus CDenmark
| | - Dennis S. Nielsen
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenDK‐1958FrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Axel K. Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal SciencesFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDK‐1958FrederiksbergDenmark
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He W, Jakobsen LMA, Zachariassen LF, Hansen AK, Andersen HJ, Bertram HC. Dual nuclear magnetic resonance for probing intrinsic bone structure and a potential gut-bone axis in ovariectomized rats. Magn Reson Chem 2022; 60:651-658. [PMID: 34969169 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the existence of a gut-bone axis receives massive attention, and while sound premises and indirect proofs exist for the gut-bone axis concept, few studies have provided actual data linking the gut and bone physically. This study aimed to exploit the versatile nature of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to link NMR relaxometry data on bone mineralization with NMR spectroscopic profiling of gut metabolites. For this purpose, sample material was obtained from a 6-week intervention study with ovariectomized (OVX) rats (n = 49) fed with seven different diets varying in calcium content (0.2-6.0 mg/kg) and prebiotic fiber content (0-5.0% w/w). This design ensured a span in (i) calcium available for bone mineralization and (ii) metabolic activity in the gut. After termination of the intervention, longitudinal (T1 ), transverse (T2 ) relaxation, and mechanical bone strength were measured on the excised femur bones. A PLS model with high predictability (Q2 = 0.86, R2 = 0.997) was demonstrated between T2 decay curves and femur mechanical strength. Correlations were established between bone T2 populations and gut short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, the present dual NMR approach showed strong correlation between T2 relaxation and mechanical strength of the bone, and when metabolic activity in the gut was modulated by inulin, the potential existence of a gut-bone axis was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Line F Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel K Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bertram HC, van Duynhoven J. Multiscale food structures and foodomics. Magn Reson Chem 2022; 60:589. [PMID: 35676875 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John van Duynhoven
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Unilever Foods, Innovation Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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He W, Dam TV, Thøgersen R, Hansen M, Bertram HC. Fluctuations in Metabolites and Bone Markers Across the Menstrual Cycle in Eumenorrheic Women and Oral Contraceptive Users. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:1577-1588. [PMID: 35213728 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about changes in circulating metabolites during the menstrual cycle and how use of oral contraceptives (OCs) affects these changes. OBJECTIVES To study fluctuations in circulating metabolite and bone marker levels during the menstrual/pill cycle in eumenorrheic women and OC users. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 28 eumenorrheic women and 10 OC users at 7 to 9 time points across a menstrual/pill cycle. Longitudinal and cross-sectional analyses were performed to examine the cycle- and OC-induced variations in the plasma metabolite and bone turnover marker levels. RESULTS In eumenorrheic women, plasma levels of alanine, glutamine, threonine, and tyrosine varied significantly across the menstrual cycle, and all dropped to the lowest level around day 21 of the menstrual cycle. These amino acid concentrations were negatively correlated with fluctuations in progesterone and/or estrogen levels. A between-group analysis showed that plasma levels of alanine, glutamine, glycine, proline, and tyrosine were lower in OC users than in nonusers. Concomitantly, plasma C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP) levels were lower in OC users. Intriguingly, when all data were pooled, variations in CTX and PINP levels were positively correlated with fluctuations in proline and glycine concentrations (r > 0.5 or 0.3 < r < 0.5, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The menstrual cycle and the use of OCs alter plasma levels of metabolites and bone turnover markers in young women. While the impact of these findings remains to be established, the lower glycine level among OC users and the accompanying lower CTX level supports that the use of OCs lowers collagen turnover in young women and may thereby have long-term implications for bone health among OC users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Tine Vrist Dam
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Hansen
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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13
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He W, Xie Z, Thøgersen R, Rasmussen MK, Zachariassen LF, Jørgensen NR, Nørgaard JV, Andersen HJ, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK, Bertram HC. Effects of Calcium Source, Inulin and Lactose on Gut-Bone Associations in an Ovarierectomized Rat Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100883. [PMID: 35107857 PMCID: PMC9287054 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Osteoporosis poses a health challenge especially for postmenopausal women. This study aimed to explore nutritional strategies to counteract bone demineralization in ovarierectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS AND RESULTS OVX rats (n = 49) were fed with one of six different diets, where two different calcium sources (dairy calcium or calcium carbonate) were provided alone or in combination with either inulin (5%) or lactose (0.5%). In addition, a calcium-deficient diet was included. Calcium supplementation increased intestinal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the abundance of fecal Acinetobacter and Propionibacterium. Accompanied with these effects, rats fed with calcium-fortified diets had higher bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur mechanical strength, lower serum levels of bone markers and lower expression of calcium absorption-related genes (CaBP and Trpv6) compared with control. Inulin supplementation resulted in a markedly increased production of intestinal SCFAs, a decreased intestinal pH, an increased abundance of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium, and an increased expression of Trpv6. Inulin and lactose showed beneficial effects on spine bone. CONCLUSION Calcium modulated gut microbiome composition and function. A pronounced effect of inulin on metabolic activity in the gastrointestinal tract was evident, and lactose supplementation decreased jejunal pH that might be associated with slightly enhanced bone mineralization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei He
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Aarhus N, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Zhuqing Xie
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Aarhus N, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Martin Krøyer Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Aarhus N, DK-8200, Denmark
| | - Line F Zachariassen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Dennis S Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Axel K Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, Aarhus N, DK-8200, Denmark
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14
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Nielsen SD, Jakobsen LMA, Geiker NRW, Bertram HC. Chemically acidified, live and heat-inactivated fermented dairy yoghurt show distinct bioactive peptides, free amino acids and small compounds profiles. Food Chem 2021; 376:131919. [PMID: 34968909 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found variations in the health-promoting effects of consuming different dairy products. This study aims at investigating the chemical composition of microbial fermented yogurt, chemically acidified yogurt and whole milk to understand the differences in the effects these products exert on human health. For this purpose, peptides and small compounds present in the products were examined using a combination of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. Results revealed that each product had its own characteristic peptide, free amino acid and small compound profile, and database search for bioactivity disclosed that fermented yogurt manufactured using a starter culture is associated with a higher bioactivity potential than chemically acidified yogurt or whole milk. Additional cold storage (14 days) further enhances the bioactivity potential of fermented yogurt while heat-inactivation, ensuring long shelf-life, modulates the proteins available for proteolysis and thereby the peptide profile generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren D Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Louise M A Jakobsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Nina R W Geiker
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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15
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Thøgersen R, Egsgaard KL, Kjølbæk L, Jensen KJ, Astrup A, Hammershøj M, Raben A, Bertram HC. Effect of Dairy Matrix on the Postprandial Blood Metabolome. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124280. [PMID: 34959831 PMCID: PMC8709269 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the postprandial plasma metabolome following consumption of four dairy matrices different in texture and structure: cheddar cheese (Cheese), homogenized cheddar cheese (Hom. Cheese), and micellar casein isolate (MCI) with cream (MCI Drink) or a MCI Gel. An acute, randomized, crossover trial in male participants (n = 25) with four test days was conducted. Blood samples were collected during an 8-h postprandial period after consumption of a meal similar in micro- and macronutrients containing one of the four dairy matrices, and the metabolome was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A liquid dairy matrix (MCI Drink) resulted in a faster absorption of amino acids compared to products, representing either a semi-solid (MCI Gel and Hom. Cheese) or solid (Cheese) dairy matrix. For the MCI Gel, plasma concentration of acetic acid and formic acid increased approximately 2 h following consumption, while 3-hydroxybyturate and acetoacetic acid increased approximately 6 h after consumption. The structure and texture of the dairy matrix affected the postprandial absorption of amino acids, as revealed by the plasma metabolome. Our study furthermore pointed at endogenous effects associated with consumption of dairy products containing glucono-δ-lactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.T.); (K.L.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Kristian Leth Egsgaard
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.T.); (K.L.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Louise Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
- Healthy Weight Center, Novo Nordisk Foundation, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Marianne Hammershøj
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.T.); (K.L.E.); (M.H.)
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital—Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (R.T.); (K.L.E.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-61687389
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16
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Lanng SK, Zhang Y, Christensen KR, Hansen AK, Nielsen DS, Kot W, Bertram HC. Partial Substitution of Meat with Insect ( Alphitobius diaperinus) in a Carnivore Diet Changes the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome of Healthy Rats. Foods 2021; 10:1814. [PMID: 34441592 PMCID: PMC8393340 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects are suggested as a sustainable protein source of high nutritional quality, but the effects of insect ingestion on processes in the gastrointestinal tract and gut microbiota (GM) remain to be established. We examined the effects of partial substitution of meat with insect protein (Alphitobius diaperinus) in a four-week dietary intervention in a healthy rat model (n = 30). GM composition was characterized using' 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling while the metabolomes of stomach, small intestine, and colon content, feces and blood were investigated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics analyses revealed a larger escape of protein residues into the colon and a different microbial metabolization pattern of aromatic amino acids when partly substituting pork with insect. Both for rats fed a pork diet and rats fed a diet with partial replacement of pork with insect, the GM was dominated by Lactobacillus, Clostridium cluster XI and Akkermansia. However, Bray-Curtis dissimilarity metrics were different when insects were included in the diet. Introduction of insects in a common Western omnivore diet alters the gut microbiome diversity with consequences for endogenous metabolism. This finding highlights the importance of assessing gastrointestinal tract effects when evaluating new protein sources as meat replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Kaas Lanng
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yichang Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (Y.Z.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Kristine Rothaus Christensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 15, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (K.R.C.); (A.K.H.)
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 15, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (K.R.C.); (A.K.H.)
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark; (Y.Z.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Witold Kot
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- CiFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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17
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Thøgersen R, Lindahl IEI, Khakimov B, Kjølbæk L, Juhl Jensen K, Astrup A, Hammershøj M, Raben A, Bertram HC. Progression of Postprandial Blood Plasma Phospholipids Following Acute Intake of Different Dairy Matrices: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Metabolites 2021; 11:454. [PMID: 34357348 PMCID: PMC8307057 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have indicated that the dairy matrix can affect postprandial responses of dairy products, but little is known about the effect on postprandial plasma phospholipid levels. This study investigated postprandial plasma phospholipid levels following consumption of four different dairy products that are similar in micro and macro nutrients, but different in texture and structure: cheddar cheese (Cheese), homogenized cheddar cheese (Hom. Cheese), micellar casein isolate with cream (MCI Drink) or a gel made from the MCI Drink (MCI Gel). The study was an acute randomized, crossover trial in human volunteers with four test days. Blood samples were collected during an 8 h postprandial period and the content of 53 plasma phospholipids was analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). No meal-time interactions were revealed; however, for nine of the 53 phospholipids, a meal effect was found. Thus, the results indicated a lower plasma level of specific lyso-phosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) and lyso-phosphatidylcholines (LPCs) following consumption of the MCI Gel compared to the MCI Drink and Hom. Cheese, which might be attributed to an effect of viscosity. However, further studies are needed in order to reveal more details on the effect of the dairy matrix on postprandial phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (I.E.I.L.); (M.H.); (H.C.B.)
| | - Ida Emilie I. Lindahl
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (I.E.I.L.); (M.H.); (H.C.B.)
| | - Bekzod Khakimov
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Louise Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Marianne Hammershøj
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (I.E.I.L.); (M.H.); (H.C.B.)
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.K.); (A.A.); (A.R.)
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (I.E.I.L.); (M.H.); (H.C.B.)
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18
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Geiker NRW, Bertram HC, Mejborn H, Dragsted LO, Kristensen L, Carrascal JR, Bügel S, Astrup A. Meat and Human Health-Current Knowledge and Research Gaps. Foods 2021; 10:1556. [PMID: 34359429 PMCID: PMC8305097 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat is highly nutritious and contributes with several essential nutrients which are difficult to obtain in the right amounts from other food sources. Industrially processed meat contains preservatives including salts, possibly exerting negative effects on health. During maturation, some processed meat products develop a specific microbiota, forming probiotic metabolites with physiological and biological effects yet unidentified, while the concentration of nutrients also increases. Meat is a source of saturated fatty acids, and current WHO nutrition recommendations advise limiting saturated fat to less than ten percent of total energy consumption. Recent meta-analyses of both observational and randomized controlled trials do not support any effect of saturated fat on cardiovascular disease or diabetes. The current evidence regarding the effect of meat consumption on health is potentially confounded, and there is a need for sufficiently powered high-quality trials assessing the health effects of meat consumption. Future studies should include biomarkers of meat intake, identify metabolic pathways and include detailed study of fermented and other processed meats and their potential of increasing nutrient availability and metabolic effects of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Rica Wium Geiker
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; (L.O.D.); (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Heddie Mejborn
- National Food Institute, Division of Food Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Lars O. Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; (L.O.D.); (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Lars Kristensen
- Danish Meat Research Institute—DMRI Technological Institute, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark;
| | - Jorge R. Carrascal
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
- IPROCAR, University of Extremadura, E-10004 Caceres, Spain
| | - Susanne Bügel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; (L.O.D.); (S.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; (L.O.D.); (S.B.); (A.A.)
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Schmidt JM, Kjølbæk L, Jensen KJ, Rouy E, Bertram HC, Larsen T, Raben A, Astrup A, Hammershøj M. Influence of type of dairy matrix micro- and macrostructure on in vitro lipid digestion. Food Funct 2021; 11:4960-4972. [PMID: 32500911 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent research indicates that the food matrix can influence digestion kinetics and uptake of nutrients, thus affecting human health. The aim of this study was to obtain knowledge on how variations in microstructure and texture of foods represented by four dairy products; (i) cheddar cheese, (ii) a homogenized cheddar cheese, (iii) a micellar casein and cream drink or (iv) a micellar casein and cream gel, all of identical nutrient ratios of protein : fat and calcium : fat, affect the in vitro digestibility kinetics of lipids. Rheology of the four dairy structures was measured at 10 °C and 37 °C before digestion, and during the gastric phase of in vitro digestion. During digestion cheddar cheese was most resistant to enzymatic and mechanical disintegration, followed by homogenized cheese, while both the drink and gel had low resistance and dissolved in the gastric juice. Particle size, fat droplet size and microstructure were assessed by light scattering and confocal microscopy during digestion. Significantly larger fat droplets were observed during digestion of the cheddar cheese sample. The release of free fatty acids during the initial intestinal digestion showed cheddar cheese to provide a significantly lower release than homogenized cheese, whereas the drink and gel both had significantly higher free fatty acid release. The results suggest that the cheese matrix resistance to degradation and its large fat droplets were responsible for a slower fat digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Schmidt
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - L Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - K J Jensen
- Arla Innovation Center, Agro Food Park 19, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - E Rouy
- Arla Innovation Center, Agro Food Park 19, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - H C Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - T Larsen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - A Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - A Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - M Hammershøj
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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20
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Jakobsen LMA, Sundekilde UK, Andersen HJ, Kot W, Mejia JLC, Nielsen DS, Hansen AK, Bertram HC. Administration of Bovine Milk Oligosaccharide to Weaning Gnotobiotic Mice Inoculated with a Simplified Infant Type Microbiota. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051003. [PMID: 34066501 PMCID: PMC8148552 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) share structural similarity to selected human milk oligosaccharides, which are natural prebiotics for infants. Thus, there is a potential in including BMOs as a prebiotic in infant formula. To examine the in vivo effect of BMO-supplementation on the infant gut microbiota, a BMO-rich diet (2% w/w) was fed to gnotobiotic mice (n = 11) inoculated with an infant type co-culture and compared with gnotobiotic mice receiving a control diet (n = 9). Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics in combination with high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to compare metabolic activity and microbiota composition in different compartments of the lower gastrointestinal tract. BMO components were detected in cecum and colon contents, revealing that BMO was available for the gut bacteria. The gut microbiota was dominated by Enterobacteriaceae and minor abundance of Lactobacilliaceae, while colonization of Bifidobacteriaceae did not succeed. Apart from a lower E. coli population in cecum content and lower formate (in colon) and succinate (in colon and cecum) concentrations, BMO supplementation did not result in significant changes in microbiota composition nor metabolic activity. The present study corroborates the importance of the presence of bifidobacteria for obtaining microbial-derived effects of milk oligosaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Margrethe Arildsen Jakobsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (H.C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-2073-1316
| | - Ulrik Kræmer Sundekilde
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (H.C.B.)
| | | | - Witold Kot
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Josue Leonardo Castro Mejia
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (J.L.C.M.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (J.L.C.M.); (D.S.N.)
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 17, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (H.C.B.)
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21
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Thøgersen R, Bertram HC. Reformulation of processed meat to attenuate potential harmful effects in the gastrointestinal tract – A review of current knowledge and evidence of health prospects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Lindahl IEI, Danielsen M, Dalsgaard TK, Rejnmark L, Bollen P, Bertram HC. Milk protein complexation enhances post prandial vitamin D 3 absorption in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:4953-4959. [PMID: 32500128 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01062f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of complexation with whey and casein protein, respectively, on post prandial absorption of vitamin D3. For this purpose, Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 78) were administered 840 IU vitamin D3 dissolved in ethanol and either (i) complexed with whey protein isolate (protein : vitamin ration 2 : 1), (ii) complexed with caseinate (protein : vitamin ration 2 : 1), or (iii) provided in a water solution. Serum concentrations of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were measured before and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 hours after administration of vitamin D3. Significant effects of complexation on serum concentrations of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were demonstrated. Complexation with whey protein isolate resulted in the fastest and highest absorption of vitamin D3 while an effect of complexation with caseinate was evident but more modest and non-significant. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that complexation with milk proteins is an efficient strategy to enhance bioaccessibility of vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Emilie I Lindahl
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. and iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Marianne Danielsen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. and iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Trine K Dalsgaard
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. and iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Lars Rejnmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Bollen
- Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. and iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Thøgersen R, Castro-Mejía JL, Kræmer Sundekilde U, H Hansen L, Gray N, Kuhnle G, Rye Jørgensen N, Kornerup Hansen A, Sandris Nielsen D, Bertram HC. Inulin and milk mineral fortification of a pork sausage exhibits distinct effects on the microbiome and biochemical activity in the gut of healthy rats. Food Chem 2020; 331:127291. [PMID: 32559598 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated inulin and calcium-rich milk mineral incorporation into a pork sausage in order to examine the effects on microbiome and biochemical activity in the gastrointestinal tract upon ingestion. Rats (n = 48) were fed one of four sausages; a pork sausage enriched with 1) inulin (6.0%) and milk mineral (3%), 2) inulin (6.0%), 3) milk mineral (3%) or 4) control sausages without enrichment. NMR-based metabolomics revealed that inulin-enrichment increased the fecal concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Milk mineral-enrichment also increased SCFA concentrations, although less pronounced. In addition, milk mineral reduced the concentration of nitroso compounds in feces and small intestinal content. Combined enrichment with both inulin and milk mineral showed no cumulative effect on SCFA formation and seemed to oppose the milk mineral-induced reduction of nitroso compound formation. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing indicated that alterations of the gut microbiome contributed to the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Josué L Castro-Mejía
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars H Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nicola Gray
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom; Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Gunter Kuhnle
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; OPEN, Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital/Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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Bislev LS, Sundekilde UK, Kilic E, Dalsgaard TK, Rejnmark L, Bertram HC. Circulating Levels of Muscle-Related Metabolites Increase in Response to a Daily Moderately High Dose of a Vitamin D3 Supplement in Women with Vitamin D Insufficiency-Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051310. [PMID: 32375334 PMCID: PMC7284832 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated negative effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle strength and physical performance in women with vitamin D insufficiency. The underlying mechanism behind these findings remains unknown. In a secondary analysis of the randomized placebo-controlled trial designed to investigate cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health, we employed NMR-based metabolomics to assess the effect of a daily supplement of vitamin D3 (70 µg) or an identically administered placebo, during wintertime. We assessed the serum metabolome of 76 postmenopausal, otherwise healthy, women with vitamin D (25(OH)D) insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L), with mean levels of 25(OH)D of 33 ± 9 nmol/L. Compared to the placebo, vitamin D3 treatment significantly increased the levels of 25(OH)D (−5 vs. 59 nmol/L, respectively, p < 0.00001) and 1,25(OH)2D (−10 vs. 59 pmol/L, respectively, p < 0.00001), whereas parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were reduced (0.3 vs. −0.7 pmol/L, respectively, p < 0.00001). Analysis of the serum metabolome revealed a significant increase of carnitine, choline, and urea and a tendency to increase for trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and urinary excretion of creatinine, without any effect on renal function. The increase in carnitine, choline, creatinine, and urea negatively correlated with muscle health and physical performance. Combined with previous clinical findings reporting negative effects of vitamin D on muscle strength and physical performance, this secondary analysis suggests a direct detrimental effect on skeletal muscle of moderately high daily doses of vitamin D supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Sofie Bislev
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-2091-4277
| | - Ulrik Kræmer Sundekilde
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (E.K.); (T.K.D.); (H.C.B.)
- iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ece Kilic
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (E.K.); (T.K.D.); (H.C.B.)
| | - Trine Kastrup Dalsgaard
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (E.K.); (T.K.D.); (H.C.B.)
- iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lars Rejnmark
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (U.K.S.); (E.K.); (T.K.D.); (H.C.B.)
- iFOOD, Centre for Innovative Food Research, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Alinaghi M, Nguyen DN, Sangild PT, Bertram HC. Direct Implementation of Intestinal Permeability Test in NMR Metabolomics for Simultaneous Biomarker Discovery-A Feasibility Study in a Preterm Piglet Model. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10010022. [PMID: 31906404 PMCID: PMC7022985 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurement of intestinal permeability (IP) is often used in the examination of inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. IP can be assessed by measurement of urinary recovery of ingested non-metabolizable lactulose (L) and mannitol (M). The present study aimed to examine how measurements of IP can be integrated in a NMR-based metabolomics approach for a simultaneous quantification of L/M ratio and biomarker exploration. For this purpose, plasma and urine samples were collected from five-day-old preterm piglets (n = 20) with gastrointestinal disorders (subjected to intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/fetus)) after they had been administrated a 5% lactulose and 5% mannitol solution (15 mL/kg). The collected plasma and urine samples were analyzed by 1H NMR-based metabolomics. Urine L/M ratio measured by 1H NMR spectroscopy showed high correlation with the standard measurement of the urinary recoveries by enzymatic assays (r = 0.93, p < 0.05). Partial least squares (PLS) regressions and correlation analyses between L/M ratio and NMR metabolomics data revealed that L/M ratio was positively correlated with plasma lactate, acetate and succinate levels and negatively correlated with urinary hippuric acid and glycine. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that NMR metabolomics enables simultaneous IP testing and discovery of biomarkers associated with an impaired intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Alinaghi
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark;
| | - Duc Ninh Nguyen
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 68, 1860 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (D.N.N.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Per Torp Sangild
- Section for Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 68, 1860 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (D.N.N.); (P.T.S.)
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark;
- Correspondence:
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26
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Lindahl IEI, Danielsen M, Dalsgaard TK, Rejnmark L, Bollen P, Bertram HC. Correction: Milk protein complexation enhances post prandial vitamin D 3 absorption in rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:10242. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo90053b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correction for ‘Milk protein complexation enhances post prandial vitamin D3 absorption in rats’ by Ida Emilie I. Lindahl et al., Food Funct., 2020, 11, 4953–4959, DOI: 10.1039/D0FO01062F.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lars Rejnmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus
- Denmark
| | - Peter Bollen
- Biomedical Laboratory
- Faculty of Health Science
- University of Southern Denmark
- Denmark
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integrative analysis of multiple data sets can provide complementary information about the studied biological system. However, data fusion of multiple biological data sets can be complicated as data sets might contain different sources of variation due to underlying experimental factors. Therefore, taking the experimental design of data sets into account could be of importance in data fusion concept. OBJECTIVES In the present work, we aim to incorporate the experimental design information in the integrative analysis of multiple designed data sets. METHODS Here we describe penalized exponential ANOVA simultaneous component analysis (PE-ASCA), a new method for integrative analysis of data sets from multiple compartments or analytical platforms with the same underlying experimental design. RESULTS Using two simulated cases, the result of simultaneous component analysis (SCA), penalized exponential simultaneous component analysis (P-ESCA) and ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) are compared with the proposed method. Furthermore, real metabolomics data obtained from NMR analysis of two different brains tissues (hypothalamus and midbrain) from the same piglets with an underlying experimental design is investigated by PE-ASCA. CONCLUSIONS This method provides an improved understanding of the common and distinct variation in response to different experimental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anders Brunse
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Age K Smilde
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan A Westerhuis
- Biosystems Data Analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Poulsen CLN, Clausen MR, Gregersen SB, Bertram HC. Effect of long-term heat exposure on rheological and intrinsic water characteristics of bone-derived beef stocks. Magn Reson Chem 2019; 57:700-706. [PMID: 30644136 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone-derived protein stocks are used in food industry to enhance taste of soups, sauces, and a range of other products. Both during commercial manufacturing and when used for culinary purposes, the stocks may be exposed to high temperatures for an extended time period. The present study investigated the effect of retention at 90°C for 0, 3, 6, 9, 24, 48, 72, and 168 hr on the functional attributes of concentrated bone-derived beef stocks (57% Dry matter (DM)). Visual inspection and rheological analyses showed that during increasing heat exposure, the gel strength as well as viscosity of the concentrated stocks decreased incrementally and significantly (P > 0.001). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation measurements conducted on the beef stocks also revealed strong effects of heat exposure on the transverse (T2 ) relaxation time, which increased incrementally and significantly (P > 0.001) with longer heat exposure. Thus, the present study demonstrated that heat-induced changes in rheological properties of bone-derived beef stocks can be ascribed to changes in intrinsic water-protein interactions and water attributes as a result of heat-induced protein modifications. In conclusion, the study proves that NMR relaxometry is a valuable tool for monitoring changes in intrinsic water mobility that are manifested in modified functional attributes of concentrated beef stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Beyer Gregersen
- Department of Food Science, Research Centre Aarslev, Aarhus University, Aarslev, Denmark
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29
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Thøgersen R, Gray N, Kuhnle G, Van Hecke T, De Smet S, Young JF, Sundekilde UK, Hansen AK, Bertram HC. Inulin-fortification of a processed meat product attenuates formation of nitroso compounds in the gut of healthy rats. Food Chem 2019; 302:125339. [PMID: 31419771 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intake of red and processed meat has been suspected to increase colorectal cancer risk potentially via endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds or increased lipid and protein oxidation. Here we investigated the effect of inulin fortification of a pork sausage on these parameters. For four weeks, healthy Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30) were fed one of three diets: inulin-fortified pork sausage, control pork sausage or a standard chow diet. Fecal content of apparent total N-nitroso compounds (ATNC), nitrosothiols and nitrosyl iron compounds (FeNO) were analyzed in addition to liver metabolism and oxidation products formed in liver, plasma and diets. Intriguingly, inulin fortification reduced fecal ATNC (p = 0.03) and FeNO (p = 0.04) concentrations. The study revealed that inulin fortification of processed meat could be a strategy to reduce nitroso compounds formed endogenously after consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Gray
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Gunter Kuhnle
- Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Van Hecke
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | | | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Skov K, Oxfeldt M, Thøgersen R, Hansen M, Bertram HC. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of a Collagen Hydrolysate Enhances Postprandial Absorption Rate-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051064. [PMID: 31086034 PMCID: PMC6566347 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen is characterized by its high content of glycine, proline and hydroxyproline, and is found to exert beneficial effects on joint pain related to activity and osteoarthritis. However, to exert any beneficial effects it is essential that collagen is optimally absorbed. This study aimed to investigate the postprandial absorption of collagen and elucidate the impact of an exogenous enzymatic hydrolysis on absorption rate and bioavailability. A randomized, blinded, cross-over study was conducted where ten healthy male subjects received either 35 g enzymatically hydrolyzed collagen protein (EHC), 35 g non-enzymatically hydrolyzed collagen protein (NC) or placebo (250 mL water) on three nonconsecutive days. Blood samples were drawn before, and up to 240 min following, ingestion and the blood metabolome was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. A significant increase in the plasma concentration of nearly all amino acids (AAs) was observed over a 240 min period for both EHC and NC. In addition, the absorption rate and bioavailability of glycine, proline and hydroxyproline were significantly higher for EHC (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ingestion of collagen hydrolysates increases postprandial plasma concentrations of AAs over a period of 240 min, and an enzymatic hydrolysis increases the absorption rate and bioavailability of the collagen-rich AAs glycine, proline and hydroxyproline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Skov
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel Oxfeldt
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Dalgas Avenue 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
| | - Mette Hansen
- Section for Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Dalgas Avenue 4, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, DK-5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
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Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used in food science and nutritional studies for decades and is one of the major analytical platforms in metabolomics. Many foods are solid or at least semi-solid, which denotes that the molecular motions are restricted as opposed to in pure liquids. While the majority of NMR spectroscopy is performed on liquid samples and a solid material gives rise to constraints in terms of many chemical analyses, the magic angle thrillingly enables the application of NMR spectroscopy also on semi-solid and solid materials. This paper attempts to review how magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR is used from 'farm-to-fork' in food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Max Jensen
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrsvej 38, 8220, Brabrand, Denmark
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Hjelm L, Mielby LA, Gregersen S, Eggers N, Bertram HC. Partial substitution of fat with rye bran fibre in Frankfurter sausages – Bridging technological and sensory attributes through inclusion of collagenous protein. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Alinaghi M, Jiang PP, Brunse A, Sangild PT, Bertram HC. Rapid Cerebral Metabolic Shift during Neonatal Sepsis Is Attenuated by Enteral Colostrum Supplementation in Preterm Pigs. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9010013. [PMID: 30641988 PMCID: PMC6359096 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, the clinical manifestation of serious infection, may disturb normal brain development, especially in preterm infants with an immature brain. We hypothesized that neonatal sepsis induces systemic metabolic alterations that rapidly affect metabolic signatures in immature brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cesarean-delivered preterm pigs systemically received 109 CFU/kg Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) and were provided total parenteral nutrition (n = 9) or enteral supplementation with bovine colostrum (n = 10) and compared with uninfected pigs receiving parenteral nutrition (n = 7). Plasma, CSF, and brain tissue samples were collected after 24 h and analyzed by 1H NMR-based metabolomics. Both plasma and CSF metabolomes revealed SE-induced changes in metabolite levels that reflected a modified energy metabolism. Hence, increased plasma lactate, alanine, and succinate levels, as well as CSF lactate levels, were observed during SE infection (all p < 0.05, ANOVA analysis). Myo-inositol, a glucose derivative known for beneficial effects on lung maturation in preterm infants, was also increased in plasma and CSF following SE infection. Enteral colostrum supplementation attenuated the lactate accumulation in blood and CSF. Bloodstream infection in preterm newborns was found to induce a rapid metabolic shift in both plasma and CSF, which was modulated by colostrum feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Alinaghi
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark.
| | - Ping-Ping Jiang
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510220 Guangzhou, China.
| | - Anders Brunse
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Per Torp Sangild
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Abstract
NMR spectroscopy is one of the major analytical techniques used in the metabolomics studies of food. There are many applications of metabolomics on food-related topics and on the food itself. Here, we describe protocols for performing NMR-based metabolomics of foods ranging from simple beverages to solid foods and semisolid foods. Beverages can be analyzed either directly or after sample preprocessing to remove interfering macromolecules, muscle-based foods can be analyzed after extraction, and semisolid foods can be analyzed directly using high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR. Finally, we discuss metabolomic data analysis as well as different procedures and strategies for targeted and untargeted approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Eggers
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark
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35
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Sundekilde UK, Jarno L, Eggers N, Bertram HC. Real-time monitoring of enzyme-assisted animal protein hydrolysis by NMR spectroscopy – An NMR reactomics concept. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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36
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Thøgersen R, Castro-Mejía JL, Sundekilde UK, Hansen LH, Hansen AK, Nielsen DS, Bertram HC. Ingestion of an Inulin-Enriched Pork Sausage Product Positively Modulates the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome of Healthy Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800608. [PMID: 30004630 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Processed meat intake is associated with a potential increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. In contrast, dietary fiber consumption has been found to lower CRC risk, possibly via mechanisms involving the gut microbiota (GM) and its metabolites. This study investigates the effect of inulin enrichment of a common pork sausage product on GM composition and activity in healthy rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats are fed a diet based on either an inulin-enriched sausage (n = 12), a corresponding control sausage without enrichment (n = 12), or a standard chow diet (n = 6) during a 4 week intervention. NMR-based metabolomics analyses are conducted on fecal and plasma samples, and GM composition is determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Pronounced effects of diets on GM composition and activity are found. Rats fed the inulin-enriched sausages have increased levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the fecal and plasma metabolome and increased fecal levels of Bifidobacterium spp. as compared to rats fed sausages without enrichment. CONCLUSION Inulin enrichment of a meat product resembles general effects seen upon dietary fiber consumption and corroborates that healthier processed meats can be developed through strategic inclusion of dietary fiber ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Thøgersen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792, Aarslev, Denmark
| | - Josué L Castro-Mejía
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Lars H Hansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Axel Kornerup Hansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 57, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Schmedes M, Brejnrod AD, Aadland EK, Kiilerich P, Kristiansen K, Jacques H, Lavigne C, Graff IE, Eng Ø, Holthe A, Mellgren G, Young JF, Sundekilde UK, Liaset B, Bertram HC. The Effect of Lean-Seafood and Non-Seafood Diets on Fecal Metabolites and Gut Microbiome: Results from a Randomized Crossover Intervention Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1700976. [PMID: 29509315 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The impact of dietary protein types on the gut microbiome is scarcely studied. The aim of the present study is therefore to examine the effects of lean-seafood and non-seafood proteins on the gut microbiome composition and activity and elucidate potential associations to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS A crossover intervention study in which 20 healthy subjects consumed two diets that varied in protein source was conducted. 1 H NMR spectroscopy and 16S rDNA sequencing analyses were applied to characterize fecal metabolites and gut microbiota composition, respectively. RESULTS A twofold increase in fecal trimethylamine excretion was observed after the lean-seafood diet period. Circulating TAG and the total to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio as well as circulating TMAO levels were each associated with specific gut bacteria. Following the non-seafood diet period, a decreased relative abundance of Clostridium cluster IV and a tendency toward an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio were found. CONCLUSIONS Lean-seafood and non-seafood diets differentially modulate the gut microbiome composition and activity. Furthermore, the gut microbiota composition seems to affect circulating TMAO levels and CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eli Kristin Aadland
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway.,Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Pia Kiilerich
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Øyvin Eng
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
| | - Asle Holthe
- Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway.,Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
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38
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Lamichhane S, Yde CC, Jensen HM, Morovic W, Hibberd AA, Ouwehand AC, Saarinen MT, Forssten SD, Wiebe L, Marcussen J, Bertelsen K, Meier S, Young JF, Bertram HC. Metabolic Fate of 13C-Labeled Polydextrose and Impact on the Gut Microbiome: A Triple-Phase Study in a Colon Simulator. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1041-1053. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Lamichhane
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev and Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- Turku
Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Christian C. Yde
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev and Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, 8220 Brabrand, Denmark
| | - Henrik Max Jensen
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, 8220 Brabrand, Denmark
| | - Wesley Morovic
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, 3329 Agriculture Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53716, United States
| | - Ashley A. Hibberd
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, 3329 Agriculture Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53716, United States
| | - Arthur C. Ouwehand
- Dupont Nutrition and Health, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - Markku T. Saarinen
- Dupont Nutrition and Health, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - Sofia D. Forssten
- Dupont Nutrition and Health, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - Lars Wiebe
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Tårnvej 25, 7200 Grindsted, Denmark
| | - Jørn Marcussen
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, 8220 Brabrand, Denmark
| | - Kresten Bertelsen
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS, Edwin Rahrs Vej 38, 8220 Brabrand, Denmark
- Vestas Wind Systems A/S, Hedeager
42, 8200 Aarhus
N, Denmark
| | - Sebastian Meier
- Department
of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 207, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette F. Young
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev and Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Aarslev and Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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39
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Abstract
Food intake and metabolization of foods is a complex and multi-facetted process that encompasses the introduction of new metabolite compounds in our body, initiation or alterations in endogenous metabolic processes and biochemical pathways, and likely also involving the activity of the gut microbial community that we host. The explorative nature of metabolomics makes it a superior tool for examining the whole response to food intake in a more thorough way and has led to the introduction of the term nutrimetabolomics. Protein derived from animal sources constitutes an important part of our diet, and there is therefore an interest in understanding how these animal-derived dietary sources influence us metabolically. This review aims to illuminate how the introduction of nutrimetabolomics has contributed to gain novel insight into metabolic and nutritional aspects related to intake of animal-based foods.
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40
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García-García AB, Lamichhane S, Castejón D, Cambero MI, Bertram HC. 1H HR-MAS NMR-based metabolomics analysis for dry-fermented sausage characterization. Food Chem 2018; 240:514-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Han M, Clausen MP, Christensen M, Vossen E, Van Hecke T, Bertram HC. Enhancing the health potential of processed meat: the effect of chitosan or carboxymethyl cellulose enrichment on inherent microstructure, water mobility and oxidation in a meat-based food matrix. Food Funct 2018; 9:4017-4027. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00835c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of dietary fibers can alleviate the deteriorated textural properties and water binding capacity (WBC) that may occur when the fat content is lowered directly in the formulas of comminuted meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing
- Quality and Safety Control
- China
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Mathias P. Clausen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Biotechnology and Environmental Technology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense M
- Denmark
| | - Morten Christensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Biotechnology and Environmental Technology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense M
- Denmark
| | - Els Vossen
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality
- Department of Animal Production
- Ghent University
- Ghent 9000
- Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Hecke
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality
- Department of Animal Production
- Ghent University
- Ghent 9000
- Belgium
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42
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Tasoniero G, Bertram HC, Young JF, Dalle Zotte A, Puolanne E. Relationship between hardness and myowater properties in Wooden Breast affected chicken meat: A nuclear magnetic resonance study. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Amer B, Clausen MR, Bertram HC, Bohl M, Nebel C, Zheng H, Skov T, Larsen MK, Gregersen S, Hermansen K, Dalsgaard TK. Consumption of Whey in Combination with Dairy Medium‐Chain Fatty Acids (MCFAs) may Reduce Lipid Storage due to Urinary Loss of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Intermediates and Increased Rates of MCFAs Oxidation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Amer
- Department of Food ScienceAarhus University Tjele/Årslev Denmark
| | | | | | - Mette Bohl
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - Caroline Nebel
- Department of Food ScienceAarhus University Tjele/Årslev Denmark
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Food ScienceAarhus University Tjele/Årslev Denmark
| | - Thomas Skov
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Copenhagen Fredriksberg C Denmark
| | - Mette Krogh Larsen
- Department of Food ScienceAarhus University Tjele/Årslev Denmark
- Arla Foods Videbaek Denmark
| | - Søren Gregersen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal MedicineAarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark
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44
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Han M, Bertram HC. Designing healthier comminuted meat products: Effect of dietary fibers on water distribution and texture of a fat-reduced meat model system. Meat Sci 2017; 133:159-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Thorning TK, Bertram HC, Bonjour JP, de Groot L, Dupont D, Feeney E, Ipsen R, Lecerf JM, Mackie A, McKinley MC, Michalski MC, Rémond D, Risérus U, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Tholstrup T, Weaver C, Astrup A, Givens I. Whole dairy matrix or single nutrients in assessment of health effects: current evidence and knowledge gaps. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:1033-1045. [PMID: 28404576 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.151548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Foods consist of a large number of different nutrients that are contained in a complex structure. The nature of the food structure and the nutrients therein (i.e., the food matrix) will determine the nutrient digestion and absorption, thereby altering the overall nutritional properties of the food. Thus, the food matrix may exhibit a different relation with health indicators compared to single nutrients studied in isolation. The evidence for a dairy matrix effect was presented and discussed by an expert panel at a closed workshop, and the following consensus was reached: 1) Current evidence does not support a positive association between intake of dairy products and risk of cardiovascular disease (i.e., stroke and coronary heart disease) and type 2 diabetes. In contrast, fermented dairy products, such as cheese and yogurt, generally show inverse associations. 2) Intervention studies have indicated that the metabolic effects of whole dairy may be different than those of single dairy constituents when considering the effects on body weight, cardiometabolic disease risk, and bone health. 3) Different dairy products seem to be distinctly linked to health effects and disease risk markers. 4) Different dairy structures and common processing methods may enhance interactions between nutrients in the dairy matrix, which may modify the metabolic effects of dairy consumption. 5) In conclusion, the nutritional values of dairy products should not be considered equivalent to their nutrient contents but, rather, be considered on the basis of the biofunctionality of the nutrients within dairy food structures. 6) Further research on the health effects of whole dairy foods is warranted alongside the more traditional approach of studying the health effects of single nutrients. Future diet assessments and recommendations should carefully consider the evidence of the effects of whole foods alongside the evidence of the effects of individual nutrients. Current knowledge gaps and recommendations for priorities in future research on dairy were identified and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Bonjour
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Didier Dupont
- Science and Technology of Milk and Eggs, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Rennes, France
| | - Emma Feeney
- Food for Health Ireland, Science Center South, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Ipsen
- Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alan Mackie
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle C McKinley
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Caroline Michalski
- Université de Lyon, Cardiovasculaire Métabolisme Diabétologie et Nutrition (CarMeN) Laboratory, INRA Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1060, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon), Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides (IMBI), Villeurbanne, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Centre Européen pour la Nutrition et la Santé (CENS), Oullins, France
| | - Didier Rémond
- INRA, Université d'Auvergne, UMR 1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Connie Weaver
- Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana; and
| | - Arne Astrup
- Departments of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports and
| | - Ian Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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46
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Jakobsen LMA, Yde CC, Van Hecke T, Jessen R, Young JF, De Smet S, Bertram HC. Impact of red meat consumption on the metabolome of rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27734579 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The scope of the present study was to investigate the effects of red versus white meat intake on the metabolome of rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 15 days of ad libitum feeding of one of four experimental diets: (i) lean chicken, (ii) chicken with lard, (iii) lean beef, and (iv) beef with lard. Urine, feces, plasma, and colon tissue samples were analyzed using 1 H NMR-based metabolomics and real-time PCR was performed on colon tissue to examine the expression of specific genes. Urinary excretion of acetate and anserine was higher after chicken intake, while carnosine, fumarate, and trimethylamine N-oxide excretion were higher after beef intake. In colon tissue, higher choline levels and lower lipid levels were found after intake of chicken compared to beef. Expression of the apc gene was higher in response to the lean chicken and beef with lard diets. Correlation analysis revealed that intestinal apc gene expression was correlated with fecal lactate content (R2 = 0.65). CONCLUSION This study is the first to identify specific differences in the metabolome related to the intake of red and white meat. These differences may reflect perturbations in endogenous metabolism that can be linked to the proposed harmful effects associated with intake of red meat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Van Hecke
- Laboratory for animal nutrition and animal product quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Melle, Belgium
| | - Randi Jessen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jette F Young
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- Laboratory for animal nutrition and animal product quality, Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, Melle, Belgium
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47
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Sundekilde UK, Rasmussen MK, Young JF, Bertram HC. High resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy reveals that pectoralis muscle dystrophy in chicken is associated with reduced muscle content of anserine and carnosine. Food Chem 2016; 217:151-154. [PMID: 27664620 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Increased incidences of pectoralis muscle dystrophy are observed in commercial chicken products, but the muscle physiological causes for the condition remain to be identified. In the present study a high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) proton ((1)H) NMR spectroscopic examination of intact pectoralis muscle samples (n=77) were conducted to explore metabolite perturbations associated with the muscle dystrophy condition for the very first time. Both in chicken with an age of 21 and 31days, respectively, pectoralis muscle dystrophy was associated with a significantly lower content of anserine (p=0.034), carnosine (p=0.019) and creatine (p=0.049). These findings must be considered intriguing as they corroborate that characteristic muscle di-peptides composed of β-alanine and histidine derivatives such as anserine are extremely important in homeostasis of contractile muscles as a results of their role as buffering, anti-oxidative, and anti-glycation capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik K Sundekilde
- Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev and Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Martin K Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev and Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jette F Young
- Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev and Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Kirstinebjergvej 10, 5792 Årslev and Blichers allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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48
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García ABG, Rodríguez MIC, de Ávila Hidalgo MDR, Bertram HC. Water mobility and distribution during dry-fermented sausages “Spanish type” manufacturing and its relationship with physicochemical and textural properties: a low-field NMR study. Eur Food Res Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-016-2759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Schmedes M, Aadland EK, Sundekilde UK, Jacques H, Lavigne C, Graff IE, Eng Ø, Holthe A, Mellgren G, Young JF, Bertram HC, Liaset B, Clausen MR. Lean-seafood intake decreases urinary markers of mitochondrial lipid and energy metabolism in healthy subjects: Metabolomics results from a randomized crossover intervention study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1661-72. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mette Schmedes
- Department of Food Science; Aarhus University; Aarslev Denmark
| | - Eli Kristin Aadland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research; Bergen Norway
- Bergen University College; Faculty of Education; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen; Norway
| | | | | | - Charles Lavigne
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research; Bergen Norway
| | | | - Øyvin Eng
- Hormone Laboratory; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen; Norway
| | - Asle Holthe
- Bergen University College; Faculty of Education; Bergen Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Department of Clinical Science; University of Bergen; Bergen; Norway
- Hormone Laboratory; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen; Norway
| | | | | | - Bjørn Liaset
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research; Bergen Norway
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50
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Zheng H, Lorenzen JK, Astrup A, Larsen LH, Yde CC, Clausen MR, Bertram HC. Metabolic Effects of a 24-Week Energy-Restricted Intervention Combined with Low or High Dairy Intake in Overweight Women: An NMR-Based Metabolomics Investigation. Nutrients 2016; 8:108. [PMID: 26907339 PMCID: PMC4808838 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a 24-week energy-restricted intervention with low or high dairy intake (LD or HD) on the metabolic profiles of urine, blood and feces in overweight/obese women by NMR spectroscopy combined with ANOVA-simultaneous component analysis (ASCA). A significant effect of dairy intake was found on the urine metabolome. HD intake increased urinary citrate, creatinine and urea excretion, and decreased urinary excretion of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and hippurate relative to the LD intake, suggesting that HD intake was associated with alterations in protein catabolism, energy metabolism and gut microbial activity. In addition, a significant time effect on the blood metabolome was attributed to a decrease in blood lipid and lipoprotein levels due to the energy restriction. For the fecal metabolome, a trend for a diet effect was found and a series of metabolites, such as acetate, butyrate, propionate, malonate, cholesterol and glycerol tended to be affected. Overall, even though these effects were not accompanied by a higher weight loss, the present metabolomics data reveal that a high dairy intake is associated with endogenous metabolic effects and effects on gut microbial activity that potentially impact body weight regulation and health. Moreover, ASCA has a great potential for exploring the effect of intervention factors and identifying altered metabolites in a multi-factorial metabolomic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Janne K Lorenzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark.
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark.
| | - Lesli H Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark.
| | - Christian C Yde
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark.
| | - Morten R Clausen
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Christine Bertram
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Kirstinebjergvej 10, Aarslev DK-5792, Denmark.
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