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Suarez Rodriguez F, Sanlidag S, Sahlgren C. Mechanical regulation of the Notch signaling pathway. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102244. [PMID: 37783031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical regulation of Notch signaling is an emerging area of interest in cell biology. Notch is essential in many physiological processes in which mechanical stress plays an important role. This review provides an overview of the mechanoregulation of Notch signaling in multiple steps of the pathway. First, we discuss the current knowledge on the direct mechanoregulation of Notch receptor maturation and localization to the membrane and the effect of mechanical stress on the Notch components. Next, we explore how ligand-receptor interactions and membrane dynamics are possible subjects to mechano-regulation, emphasizing the role of cytoskeletal interactions, membrane stiffness, and endocytic complex formation. We further delve into the necessity of tension generation for negative regulatory region (NRR) domain unfolding, facilitated by ligand endocytosis and other microforces. Additionally, we examine the indirect mechano-regulation of S2 and S3 cleavages. Finally, we discuss the mechanoregulation of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) trafficking and nuclear entry and the impact of mechanical stress on heterochromatin dynamics and nuclear NICD interactions. This review aims to draw attention to the intricate interplay between mechanical cues and Notch signaling regulation, offering novel insights into the multifaceted nature of cellular mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Suarez Rodriguez
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Sanlidag
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, FI-20520, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Ceres, Building Number 7, De Zaale, 5612 AJ, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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2
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van Asten JGM, Latorre M, Karakaya C, Baaijens FPT, Sahlgren CM, Ristori T, Humphrey JD, Loerakker S. A multiscale computational model of arterial growth and remodeling including Notch signaling. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:1569-1588. [PMID: 37024602 PMCID: PMC10511605 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels grow and remodel in response to mechanical stimuli. Many computational models capture this process phenomenologically, by assuming stress homeostasis, but this approach cannot unravel the underlying cellular mechanisms. Mechano-sensitive Notch signaling is well-known to be key in vascular development and homeostasis. Here, we present a multiscale framework coupling a constrained mixture model, capturing the mechanics and turnover of arterial constituents, to a cell-cell signaling model, describing Notch signaling dynamics among vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as influenced by mechanical stimuli. Tissue turnover was regulated by both Notch activity, informed by in vitro data, and a phenomenological contribution, accounting for mechanisms other than Notch. This novel framework predicted changes in wall thickness and arterial composition in response to hypertension similar to previous in vivo data. The simulations suggested that Notch contributes to arterial growth in hypertension mainly by promoting SMC proliferation, while other mechanisms are needed to fully capture remodeling. The results also indicated that interventions to Notch, such as external Jagged ligands, can alter both the geometry and composition of hypertensive vessels, especially in the short term. Overall, our model enables a deeper analysis of the role of Notch and Notch interventions in arterial growth and remodeling and could be adopted to investigate therapeutic strategies and optimize vascular regeneration protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcos Latorre
- Center for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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3
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Barrasa-Ramos S, Dessalles CA, Hautefeuille M, Barakat AI. Mechanical regulation of the early stages of angiogenesis. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220360. [PMID: 36475392 PMCID: PMC9727679 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Favouring or thwarting the development of a vascular network is essential in fields as diverse as oncology, cardiovascular disease or tissue engineering. As a result, understanding and controlling angiogenesis has become a major scientific challenge. Mechanical factors play a fundamental role in angiogenesis and can potentially be exploited for optimizing the architecture of the resulting vascular network. Largely focusing on in vitro systems but also supported by some in vivo evidence, the aim of this Highlight Review is dual. First, we describe the current knowledge with particular focus on the effects of fluid and solid mechanical stimuli on the early stages of the angiogenic process, most notably the destabilization of existing vessels and the initiation and elongation of new vessels. Second, we explore inherent difficulties in the field and propose future perspectives on the use of in vitro and physics-based modelling to overcome these difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barrasa-Ramos
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Claire A. Dessalles
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Mathieu Hautefeuille
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (UMR7622), Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Abdul I. Barakat
- LadHyX, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
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4
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Fang JS, Burt JM. Connexin37 Regulates Cell Cycle in the Vasculature. J Vasc Res 2022; 60:73-86. [PMID: 36067749 DOI: 10.1159/000525619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of vascular cell growth responses is critical for development and maintenance of a healthy vasculature. Connexins - the proteins comprising gap junction channels - are key regulators of cell growth in diseases such as cancer, but their involvement in controlling cell growth in the vasculature is less well appreciated. Connexin37 (Cx37) is one of four connexin isotypes expressed in the vessel wall. Its primary role in blood vessels relies on its unique ability to transduce flow-sensitive signals into changes in cell cycle status of endothelial (and perhaps, mural) cells. Here, we review available evidence for Cx37's role in the regulation of vascular growth, vessel organization, and vascular tone in healthy and diseased vasculature. We propose a novel mechanism whereby Cx37 accomplishes this with a phosphorylation-dependent transition between closed (growth-suppressive) and multiple open (growth-permissive) channel conformations that result from interactions of the C-terminus with cell-cycle regulators to limit or support cell cycle progression. Lastly, we discuss Cx37 and its downstream signaling as a novel potential target in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, and we address outstanding research questions that still challenge the development of such therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Fang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Janis M Burt
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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5
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van Asten JGM, Ristori T, Nolan DR, Lally C, Baaijens FPT, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Computational analysis of the role of mechanosensitive Notch signaling in arterial adaptation to hypertension. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 133:105325. [PMID: 35839633 PMCID: PMC7613661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arteries grow and remodel in response to mechanical stimuli. Hypertension, for example, results in arterial wall thickening. Cell-cell Notch signaling between vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is known to be involved in this process, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we investigated whether Notch mechanosensitivity to strain may regulate arterial thickening in hypertension. We developed a multiscale computational framework by coupling a finite element model of arterial mechanics, including residual stress, to an agent-based model of mechanosensitive Notch signaling, to predict VSMC phenotypes as an indicator of growth and remodeling. Our simulations revealed that the sensitivity of Notch to strain at mean blood pressure may be a key mediator of arterial thickening in hypertensive arteries. Further simulations showed that loss of residual stress can have synergistic effects with hypertension, and that changes in the expression of Notch receptors, but not Jagged ligands, may be used to control arterial growth and remodeling and to intensify or counteract hypertensive thickening. Overall, we identify Notch mechanosensitivity as a potential mediator of vascular adaptation, and we present a computational framework that can facilitate the testing of new therapeutic and regenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - David R Nolan
- School of Engineering and Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caitríona Lally
- School of Engineering and Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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6
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Karakaya C, van Turnhout MC, Visser VL, Ristori T, Bouten CVC, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Notch signaling regulates strain-mediated phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:910503. [PMID: 36036000 PMCID: PMC9412035 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.910503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stimuli experienced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and mechanosensitive Notch signaling are important regulators of vascular growth and remodeling. However, the interplay between mechanical cues and Notch signaling, and its contribution to regulate the VSMC phenotype are still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in regulating strain-mediated changes in VSMC phenotype. Synthetic and contractile VSMCs were cyclically stretched for 48 h to determine the temporal changes in phenotypic features. Different magnitudes of strain were applied to investigate its effect on Notch mechanosensitivity and the phenotypic regulation of VSMCs. In addition, Notch signaling was inhibited via DAPT treatment and activated with immobilized Jagged1 ligands to understand the role of Notch on strain-mediated phenotypic changes of VSMCs. Our data demonstrate that cyclic strain induces a decrease in Notch signaling along with a loss of VSMC contractile features. Accordingly, the activation of Notch signaling during cyclic stretching partially rescued the contractile features of VSMCs. These findings demonstrate that Notch signaling has an important role in regulating strain-mediated phenotypic switching of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Mark C. van Turnhout
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Valery L. Visser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M. Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Sandra Loerakker,
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7
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Lampejo AO, Hu NW, Lucas D, Lomel BM, Nguyen CM, Dominguez CC, Ren B, Huang Y, Murfee WL. A Challenge for Engineering Biomimetic Microvascular Models: How do we Incorporate the Physiology? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:912073. [PMID: 35795159 PMCID: PMC9252339 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.912073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gap between in vitro and in vivo assays has inspired biomimetic model development. Tissue engineered models that attempt to mimic the complexity of microvascular networks have emerged as tools for investigating cell-cell and cell-environment interactions that may be not easily viewed in vivo. A key challenge in model development, however, is determining how to recreate the multi-cell/system functional complexity of a real network environment that integrates endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, vascular pericytes, lymphatics, nerves, fluid flow, extracellular matrix, and inflammatory cells. The objective of this mini-review is to overview the recent evolution of popular biomimetic modeling approaches for investigating microvascular dynamics. A specific focus will highlight the engineering design requirements needed to match physiological function and the potential for top-down tissue culture methods that maintain complexity. Overall, examples of physiological validation, basic science discoveries, and therapeutic evaluation studies will emphasize the value of tissue culture models and biomimetic model development approaches that fill the gap between in vitro and in vivo assays and guide how vascular biologists and physiologists might think about the microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinola O. Lampejo
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Nien-Wen Hu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Daniela Lucas
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Banks M. Lomel
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christian M. Nguyen
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Carmen C. Dominguez
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Bing Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Walter L. Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Walter L. Murfee,
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8
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Hu NW, Rodriguez CD, Rey JA, Rozenblum MJ, Courtney CP, Balogh P, Sarntinoranont M, Murfee WL. Estimation of shear stress values along endothelial tip cells past the lumen of capillary sprouts. Microvasc Res 2022; 142:104360. [PMID: 35301025 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Shear stress is recognized as a regulator of angiogenesis. However, the shear stress experienced by the endothelial cells of capillary sprouts remains unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate shear stress due to local interstitial flow along endothelial tip cells at the end of the capillary sprout lumen. Computational fluid dynamics were used to model flow within a blind-ended vessel, transendothelial flow across the vessel wall, and flow within the surrounding perivascular/interstitial space. Shear stress along the wall of the tip cells was calculated while varying sprout length, perivascular space channel width, and vessel wall hydraulic conductivity. Increasing sprout length, increasing wall hydraulic conductivity, and decreasing perivascular space width increased shear stress magnitude. Wall shear stress magnitude within the lumen ranged from 0.015 to 0.55 dyne/cm2 at the sprout entrance and linearly decreased to near zero at the base of the tip cells. Tip cell wall shear stress magnitude due to interstitial flow ranged from 0.009 to 4.65 dyne/cm2. In 3 out of 8 cases, shear stress magnitude was above 1 dyne/cm2 and considered physiologically relevant. The results provide a framework for discussing the role of local mechanical cues in regulating endothelial cell dynamics involved in angiogenesis. Mainly, interstitial flows may generate physiologically relevant shear stresses on tip cells in certain scenarios. This source of tip cell shear stress has not been previously considered or modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Wen Hu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Camille D Rodriguez
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Julian A Rey
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maximillian J Rozenblum
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Connor P Courtney
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Peter Balogh
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Malisa Sarntinoranont
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Walter L Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Pham DH, Dai CR, Lin B, Butcher JT. Local fluid shear stress operates a molecular switch to drive fetal semilunar valve extension. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:481-497. [PMID: 34535945 PMCID: PMC8891031 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While much is known about the genetic regulation of early valvular morphogenesis, mechanisms governing fetal valvular growth and remodeling remain unclear. Hemodynamic forces strongly influence morphogenesis, but it is unknown whether or how they interact with valvulogenic signaling programs. Side-specific activity of valvulogenic programs motivates the hypothesis that shear stress pattern-specific endocardial signaling controls the elongation of leaflets. RESULTS We determined that extension of the semilunar valve occurs via fibrosa sided endocardial proliferation. Low OSS was necessary and sufficient to induce canonical Wnt/β-catenin activation in fetal valve endothelium, which in turn drives BMP receptor/ligand expression, and pSmad1/5 activity essential for endocardial proliferation. In contrast, ventricularis endocardial cells expressed active Notch1 but minimal pSmad1/5. Endocardial monolayers exposed to LSS attenuate Wnt signaling in a Notch1 dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Low OSS is transduced by endocardial cells into canonical Wnt signaling programs that regulate BMP signaling and endocardial proliferation. In contrast, high LSS induces Notch signaling in endocardial cells, inhibiting Wnt signaling and thereby restricting growth on the ventricular surface. Our results identify a novel mechanically regulated molecular switch, whereby fluid shear stress drives the growth of valve endothelium, orchestrating the extension of the valve in the direction of blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc H. Pham
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Charles R. Dai
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Belle Lin
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan T. Butcher
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA,Corresponding author:
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10
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Dhamodaran K, Baidouri H, Nartey A, Staverosky J, Keller K, Acott T, Vranka J, Raghunathan V. Endogenous expression of Notch pathway molecules in human trabecular meshwork cells. Exp Eye Res 2022; 216:108935. [PMID: 35033558 PMCID: PMC8885976 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cells in the trabecular meshwork sense and respond to a myriad of physical forces through a process known as mechanotransduction. Whilst the effect of substratum stiffness or stretch on TM cells have been investigated in the context of transforming growth factor (TGF-β), Wnt and YAP/TAZ pathways, the role of Notch signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway, recently implicated in mechanotransduction, has not been investigated in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Here, we compare the endogenous expression of Notch pathway molecules in TM cells from glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous donors, segmental flow regions, and when subjected to cyclical strain, or grown on hydrogels of varying rigidity. METHODS Primary TM from glaucomatous (GTM), non-glaucomatous (NTM) donors, and from segmental flow regions [high flow (HF), low flow (LF)], were utilized between passages 2-6. Cells were (i) plated on tissue culture plastic, (ii) subjected to cyclical strain (6 h and 24 h), or (iii) cultured on 3 kPa and 80 kPa hydrogels. mRNA levels of Notch receptors/ligands/effectors in the TM cells was determined by qRT-PCR. Phagocytosis was determined as a function of substratum stiffness in NTM-HF/LF cells in the presence or absence of 100 nM Dexamethasone treatment. RESULTS Innate expression of Notch pathway genes were significantly overexpressed in GTM cells with no discernible differences observed between HF/LF cells in either NTM or GTM cells cultured on plastic substrates. With 6 h of cyclical strain, a subset of Notch pathway genes presented with altered expression. Expression of Notch receptors/ligands/receptors/inhibitors progressively declined with increasing stiffness and this correlated with phagocytic ability of NTM cells. Dexamethasone treatment decreased phagocytosis regardless of stiffness or cells isolated from segmental outflow regions. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate here that the Notch expression in cultured TM cells differ intrinsically between GTM vs NTM, and by substratum cues (cyclical strain and stiffness). Of import, the most apparent differences in gene expression were observed as a function of substratum stiffness which closely followed phagocytic ability of cells. Interestingly, on soft substrates (mimicking normal TM stiffness) Notch expression and phagocytosis was highest, while both expression and phagocytosis was significantly lower on stiffer substrates (mimicking glaucomatous stiffness) regardless of DEX treatment. Such context dependent changes suggest Notch pathway may play differing roles in disease vs homeostasis. Studies focused on understanding the mechanistic role of Notch (if any) in outflow homeostasis are thus warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamesh Dhamodaran
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hasna Baidouri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrews Nartey
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia Staverosky
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kate Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ted Acott
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Janice Vranka
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - VijayKrishna Raghunathan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Correspondence should be sent to: VijayKrishna Raghunathan, Ph.D., University of Houston, College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX, 77204, Phone: (713)-743-8331,
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11
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Azzoni E, Frontera V, Anselmi G, Rode C, James C, Deltcheva EM, Demian AS, Brown J, Barone C, Patelli A, Harman JR, Nicholls M, Conway SJ, Morrissey E, Jacobsen SEW, Sparrow DB, Harris AL, Enver T, de Bruijn MFTR. The onset of circulation triggers a metabolic switch required for endothelial to hematopoietic transition. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110103. [PMID: 34910918 PMCID: PMC8692754 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge during development from the vascular wall of the main embryonic arteries. The onset of circulation triggers several processes that provide critical external factors for HSC generation. Nevertheless, it is not fully understood how and when the onset of circulation affects HSC emergence. Here we show that in Ncx1-/- mouse embryos devoid of circulation the HSC lineage develops until the phenotypic pro-HSC stage. However, these cells reside in an abnormal microenvironment, fail to activate the hematopoietic program downstream of Runx1, and are functionally impaired. Single-cell transcriptomics shows that during the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, Ncx1-/- cells fail to undergo a glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation metabolic switch present in wild-type cells. Interestingly, experimental activation of glycolysis results in decreased intraembryonic hematopoiesis. Our results suggest that the onset of circulation triggers metabolic changes that allow HSC generation to proceed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Azzoni
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Vincent Frontera
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Giorgio Anselmi
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christina Rode
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Chela James
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Elitza M Deltcheva
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Atanasiu S Demian
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - John Brown
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Cristiana Barone
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Arianna Patelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Joe R Harman
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Matthew Nicholls
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, IN 46033, USA
| | - Edward Morrissey
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Wallenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Duncan B Sparrow
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Department of Oncology, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tariq Enver
- Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK; Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund University, Lund, 22184, Sweden
| | - Marella F T R de Bruijn
- MRC Molecular Hematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
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12
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Karakaya C, van Asten JGM, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM, Loerakker S. Mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling in the context of cardiovascular tissue engineering. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 21:5-54. [PMID: 34613528 PMCID: PMC8807458 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissue engineering (CVTE) aims to create living tissues, with the ability to grow and remodel, as replacements for diseased blood vessels and heart valves. Despite promising results, the (long-term) functionality of these engineered tissues still needs improvement to reach broad clinical application. The functionality of native tissues is ensured by their specific mechanical properties directly arising from tissue organization. We therefore hypothesize that establishing a native-like tissue organization is vital to overcome the limitations of current CVTE approaches. To achieve this aim, a better understanding of the growth and remodeling (G&R) mechanisms of cardiovascular tissues is necessary. Cells are the main mediators of tissue G&R, and their behavior is strongly influenced by both mechanical stimuli and cell-cell signaling. An increasing number of signaling pathways has also been identified as mechanosensitive. As such, they may have a key underlying role in regulating the G&R of tissues in response to mechanical stimuli. A more detailed understanding of mechano-regulated cell-cell signaling may thus be crucial to advance CVTE, as it could inspire new methods to control tissue G&R and improve the organization and functionality of engineered tissues, thereby accelerating clinical translation. In this review, we discuss the organization and biomechanics of native cardiovascular tissues; recent CVTE studies emphasizing the obtained engineered tissue organization; and the interplay between mechanical stimuli, cell behavior, and cell-cell signaling. In addition, we review past contributions of computational models in understanding and predicting mechano-regulated tissue G&R and cell-cell signaling to highlight their potential role in future CVTE strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Karakaya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jordy G M van Asten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands. .,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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13
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Ristori T, Sjöqvist M, Sahlgren CM. Ex Vivo Models to Decipher the Molecular Mechanisms of Genetic Notch Cardiovascular Disorders. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:167-176. [PMID: 33403934 PMCID: PMC7984653 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is an evolutionary, conserved, cell-cell signaling pathway that is central to several biological processes, from tissue morphogenesis to homeostasis. It is therefore not surprising that several genetic mutations of Notch components cause inherited human diseases, especially cardiovascular disorders. Despite numerous efforts, current in vivo models are still insufficient to unravel the underlying mechanisms of these pathologies, hindering the development of utmost needed medical therapies. In this perspective review, we discuss the limitations of current murine models and outline how the combination of microphysiological systems (MPSs) and targeted computational models can lead to breakthroughs in this field. In particular, while MPSs enable the experimentation on human cells in controlled and physiological environments, in silico models can provide a versatile tool to translate the in vitro findings to the more complex in vivo setting. As a showcase example, we focus on Notch-related cardiovascular diseases, such as Alagille syndrome, Adams-Oliver syndrome, and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Impact statement In this review, a comprehensive overview of the limitations of current in vivo models of genetic Notch cardiovascular diseases is provided, followed by a discussion over the potential of microphysiological systems and computational models in overcoming these limitations and in potentiating drug testing and modeling of these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marika Sjöqvist
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia M. Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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14
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Stassen OMJA, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM. Notch in mechanotransduction - from molecular mechanosensitivity to tissue mechanostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/24/jcs250738. [PMID: 33443070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are controlled by mechanical cues. Perturbation of the mechanical equilibrium triggers restoration of mechanostasis through changes in cell behavior, while defects in these restorative mechanisms lead to mechanopathologies, for example, osteoporosis, myopathies, fibrosis or cardiovascular disease. Therefore, sensing mechanical cues and integrating them with the biomolecular cell fate machinery is essential for the maintenance of health. The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell and tissue fate in nearly all tissues. Notch activation is directly and indirectly mechanosensitive, and regulation of Notch signaling, and consequently cell fate, is integral to the cellular response to mechanical cues. Fully understanding the dynamic relationship between molecular signaling, tissue mechanics and tissue remodeling is challenging. To address this challenge, engineered microtissues and computational models play an increasingly large role. In this Review, we propose that Notch takes on the role of a 'mechanostat', maintaining the mechanical equilibrium of tissues. We discuss the reciprocal role of Notch in the regulation of tissue mechanics, with an emphasis on cardiovascular tissues, and the potential of computational and engineering approaches to unravel the complex dynamic relationship between mechanics and signaling in the maintenance of cell and tissue mechanostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M J A Stassen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland .,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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15
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Daems M, Peacock HM, Jones EAV. Fluid flow as a driver of embryonic morphogenesis. Development 2020; 147:147/15/dev185579. [PMID: 32769200 DOI: 10.1242/dev.185579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluid flow is a powerful morphogenic force during embryonic development. The physical forces created by flowing fluids can either create morphogen gradients or be translated by mechanosensitive cells into biological changes in gene expression. In this Primer, we describe how fluid flow is created in different systems and highlight the important mechanosensitive signalling pathways involved for sensing and transducing flow during embryogenesis. Specifically, we describe how fluid flow helps establish left-right asymmetry in the early embryo and discuss the role of flow of blood, lymph and cerebrospinal fluid in sculpting the embryonic cardiovascular and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Daems
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanna M Peacock
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elizabeth A V Jones
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Bocci F, Onuchic JN, Jolly MK. Understanding the Principles of Pattern Formation Driven by Notch Signaling by Integrating Experiments and Theoretical Models. Front Physiol 2020; 11:929. [PMID: 32848867 PMCID: PMC7411240 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionary conserved cell-cell communication pathway. Besides regulating cell-fate decisions at an individual cell level, Notch signaling coordinates the emergent spatiotemporal patterning in a tissue through ligand-receptor interactions among transmembrane molecules of neighboring cells, as seen in embryonic development, angiogenesis, or wound healing. Due to its ubiquitous nature, Notch signaling is also implicated in several aspects of cancer progression, including tumor angiogenesis, stemness of cancer cells and cellular invasion. Here, we review experimental and computational models that help understand the operating principles of cell patterning driven by Notch signaling. First, we discuss the basic mechanisms of spatial patterning via canonical lateral inhibition and lateral induction mechanisms, including examples from angiogenesis, inner ear development and cancer metastasis. Next, we analyze additional layers of complexity in the Notch pathway, including the effect of varying cell sizes and shapes, ligand-receptor binding within the same cell, variable binding affinity of different ligand/receptor subtypes, and filopodia. Finally, we discuss some recent evidence of mechanosensitivity in the Notch pathway in driving collective epithelial cell migration and cardiovascular morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bocci
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - José Nelson Onuchic
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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17
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Driessen R, Zhao F, Hofmann S, Bouten C, Sahlgren C, Stassen O. Computational Characterization of The Dish-In-A-Dish, A High Yield Culture Platform for Endothelial Shear Stress Studies on the Orbital Shaker. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11060552. [PMID: 32486105 PMCID: PMC7345652 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells sense and respond to shear stress. Different in vitro model systems have been used to study the cellular responses to shear stress, but these platforms do not allow studies on high numbers of cells under uniform and controllable shear stress. The annular dish, or dish-in-a-dish (DiaD), on the orbital shaker has been proposed as an accessible system to overcome these challenges. However, the influence of the DiaD design and the experimental parameters on the shear stress patterns is not known. In this study, we characterize different designs and experimental parameters (orbit size, speed and fluid height) using computational fluid dynamics. We optimize the DiaD for an atheroprotective flow, combining high shear stress levels with a low oscillatory shear index (OSI). We find that orbit size determines the DiaD design and parameters. The shear stress levels increase with increasing rotational speed and fluid height. Based on our optimization, we experimentally compare the 134/56 DiaD with regular dishes for cellular alignment and KLF2, eNOS, CDH2 and MCP1 expression. The calculated OSI has a strong impact on alignment and gene expression, emphasizing the importance of characterizing shear profiles in orbital setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Driessen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Feihu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - Sandra Hofmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Oscar Stassen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; (R.D.); (F.Z.); (S.H.); (C.B.); (C.S.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: or
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18
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Hosseini-Alghaderi S, Baron M. Notch3 in Development, Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030485. [PMID: 32210034 PMCID: PMC7175233 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch3 is one of four mammalian Notch proteins, which act as signalling receptors to control cell fate in many developmental and adult tissue contexts. Notch signalling continues to be important in the adult organism for tissue maintenance and renewal and mis-regulation of Notch is involved in many diseases. Genetic studies have shown that Notch3 gene knockouts are viable and have limited developmental defects, focussed mostly on defects in the arterial smooth muscle cell lineage. Additional studies have revealed overlapping roles for Notch3 with other Notch proteins, which widen the range of developmental functions. In the adult, Notch3, in collaboration with other Notch proteins, is involved in stem cell regulation in different tissues in stem cell regulation in different tissues, and it also controls the plasticity of the vascular smooth muscle phenotype involved in arterial vessel remodelling. Overexpression, gene amplification and mis-activation of Notch3 are associated with different cancers, in particular triple negative breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Mutations of Notch3 are associated with a dominantly inherited disease CADASIL (cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), and there is further evidence linking Notch3 misregulation to hypertensive disease. Here we discuss the distinctive roles of Notch3 in development, health and disease, different views as to the underlying mechanisms of its activation and misregulation in different contexts and potential for therapeutic intervention.
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19
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van Engeland NCA, Suarez Rodriguez F, Rivero-Müller A, Ristori T, Duran CL, Stassen OMJA, Antfolk D, Driessen RCH, Ruohonen S, Ruohonen ST, Nuutinen S, Savontaus E, Loerakker S, Bayless KJ, Sjöqvist M, Bouten CVC, Eriksson JE, Sahlgren CM. Vimentin regulates Notch signaling strength and arterial remodeling in response to hemodynamic stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12415. [PMID: 31455807 PMCID: PMC6712036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48218-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The intermediate filament (IF) cytoskeleton has been proposed to regulate morphogenic processes by integrating the cell fate signaling machinery with mechanical cues. Signaling between endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through the Notch pathway regulates arterial remodeling in response to changes in blood flow. Here we show that the IF-protein vimentin regulates Notch signaling strength and arterial remodeling in response to hemodynamic forces. Vimentin is important for Notch transactivation by ECs and vimentin knockout mice (VimKO) display disrupted VSMC differentiation and adverse remodeling in aortic explants and in vivo. Shear stress increases Jagged1 levels and Notch activation in a vimentin-dependent manner. Shear stress induces phosphorylation of vimentin at serine 38 and phosphorylated vimentin interacts with Jagged1 and increases Notch activation potential. Reduced Jagged1-Notch transactivation strength disrupts lateral signal induction through the arterial wall leading to adverse remodeling. Taken together we demonstrate that vimentin forms a central part of a mechanochemical transduction pathway that regulates multilayer communication and structural homeostasis of the arterial wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C A van Engeland
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Freddy Suarez Rodriguez
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Camille L Duran
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, Texas, USA
| | - Oscar M J A Stassen
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Daniel Antfolk
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rob C H Driessen
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Saku Ruohonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi T Ruohonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Salla Nuutinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eriika Savontaus
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, 77843, Texas, USA
| | - Marika Sjöqvist
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - John E Eriksson
- Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Åbo Akademi University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Turku, Finland. .,Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. .,Turku Bioscience, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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20
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Putti M, Stassen OMJA, Schotman MJG, Sahlgren CM, Dankers PYW. Influence of the Assembly State on the Functionality of a Supramolecular Jagged1-Mimicking Peptide Additive. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8178-8187. [PMID: 31172036 PMCID: PMC6545632 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Expanding the bioactivation toolbox of supramolecular materials is of utmost relevance for their broad applicability in regenerative medicines. This study explores the functionality of a peptide mimic of the Notch ligand Jagged1 in a supramolecular system that is based on hydrogen bonding ureido-pyrimidinone (UPy) units. The functionality of the peptide is studied when formulated as an additive in a supramolecular solid material and as a self-assembled system in solution. UPy conjugation of the DSLJAG1 peptide sequence allows for the supramolecular functionalization of UPy-modified polycaprolactone, an elastomeric material, with UPy-DSLJAG1. Surface presentation of the UPy-DSLJAG1 peptide was confirmed by atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, but no enhancement of Notch activity was detected in cells presenting Notch1 and Notch3 receptors. Nevertheless, a significant increase in Notch-signaling activity was observed when DSLJAG1 peptides were administered in the soluble form, indicating that the activity of DSLJAG1 is preserved after UPy functionalization but not after immobilization on a supramolecular solid material. Interestingly, an enhanced activity in solution of the UPy conjugate was detected compared with the unconjugated DSLJAG1 peptide, suggesting that the self-assembly of supramolecular aggregates in solution ameliorates the functionality of the molecules in a biological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Putti
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory for Chemical Biology, and Laboratory for
Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar M. J. A. Stassen
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory for Chemical Biology, and Laboratory for
Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike J. G. Schotman
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory for Chemical Biology, and Laboratory for
Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M. Sahlgren
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory for Chemical Biology, and Laboratory for
Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
- Faculty
for Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20500, Finland
- Turku
Centre for Biotechnology, University of
Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20500, Finland
| | - Patricia Y. W. Dankers
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory for Chemical Biology, and Laboratory for
Cell and Tissue Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
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