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Farsani AM, Rahimi F, Taebnia N, Salimi M, Arpanaei A. Tailored design and preparation of magnetic nanocomposite particles for the isolation of exosomes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:155603. [PMID: 36638529 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acb2d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we prepared a magnetic nanocomposite system composed of a cluster of magnetite nanoparticles coated with silica shell (MSNPs) with an average diameter of 140 ± 20 nm and conjugated with CD9 antibody (AntiCD9) using different strategies including adsorption or chemical conjugation of antibody molecules to either aminated MSNPs (AMSNPs) or carboxylated MSNPs (CMSNPs). Then, MSNPs were employed to isolate exosomes from ultracentrifuge-enriched solution, PC3 cell-culture medium, or exosome-spiked simulated plasma samples. Quantitative tests using nanoparticle-tracking analysis confirmed antibody-covalently conjugated MSNPs, i.e. the AntiCD9-AMSNPs and AntiCD9-CMSNPs enabled >90% recovery of exosomes. Additionally, the exosomes isolated with AntiCD9-CMSNPs showed higher recovery efficiency compared to the AntiCD9-AMSNPs. For both nanoadsorbents, lower protein impurities amounts were obtained as compared to that of exosomes isolated by ultracentrifugation and Exocib kit. The mean diameter assessment of the isolated exosomes indicates that particles isolated by using AntiCD9-AMSNPs and AntiCD9-CMSNPs have smaller sizes (136 ± 2.64 nm and 113 ± 11.53 nm, respectively) than those obtained by UC-enriched exosomes (140.9 ± 1.6 nm) and Exocib kit (167 ± 10.53 nm). Such promising results obtained in the isolation of exosomes recommend magnetic nanocomposite as an efficient tool for the simple and fast isolation of exosomes for diagnosis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Mohammadian Farsani
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), PO Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), PO Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayere Taebnia
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, SE171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mahdieh Salimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), PO Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayyoob Arpanaei
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), PO Box: 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
- Scion, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand
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2
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Hasanzadeh Kafshgari M, Hayden O. Advances in analytical microfluidic workflows for differential cancer diagnosis. NANO SELECT 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari
- Heinz‐Nixdorf‐Chair of Biomedical Electronics Campus Klinikum München rechts der Isar TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Hayden
- Heinz‐Nixdorf‐Chair of Biomedical Electronics Campus Klinikum München rechts der Isar TranslaTUM Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
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3
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Xia F, Ma Y, Chen K, Duong B, Ahmed S, Atwal R, Philpott D, Ketela T, Pantea J, Lin S, Angers S, Kelley SO. Genome-wide in vivo screen of circulating tumor cells identifies SLIT2 as a regulator of metastasis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo7792. [PMID: 36054348 PMCID: PMC10848953 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo7792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) break free from primary tumors and travel through the circulation system to seed metastatic tumors, which are the major cause of death from cancer. The identification of the major genetic factors that enhance production and persistence of CTCs in the bloodstream at a whole genome level would enable more comprehensive molecular mechanisms of metastasis to be elucidated and the identification of novel therapeutic targets, but this remains a challenging task due to the heterogeneity and extreme rarity of CTCs. Here, we describe an in vivo genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen using CTCs directly isolated from a mouse xenograft. This screen elucidated SLIT2-a gene encoding a secreted protein acting as a cellular migration cue-as the most significantly represented gene knockout in the CTC population. SLIT2 knockout cells are highly metastatic with hypermigratory and mesenchymal phenotype, resulting in enhanced cancer progression in xenograft models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Kangfu Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bill Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharif Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randy Atwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Philpott
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Troy Ketela
- Princess Margret Genomics Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Pantea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sichun Lin
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephane Angers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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4
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Unraveling Cancer Metastatic Cascade Using Microfluidics-based Technologies. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:517-543. [PMID: 35528034 PMCID: PMC9043145 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has long been a leading cause of death. The primary tumor, however, is not the main cause of death in more than 90% of cases. It is the complex process of metastasis that makes cancer deadly. The invasion metastasis cascade is the multi-step biological process of cancer cell dissemination to distant organ sites and adaptation to the new microenvironment site. Unraveling the metastasis process can provide great insight into cancer death prevention or even treatment. Microfluidics is a promising platform, that provides a wide range of applications in metastasis-related investigations. Cell culture microfluidic technologies for in vitro modeling of cancer tissues with fluid flow and the presence of mechanical factors have led to the organ-on-a-chip platforms. Moreover, microfluidic systems have also been exploited for capturing and characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that provide crucial information on the metastatic behavior of a tumor. We present a comprehensive review of the recent developments in the application of microfluidics-based systems for analysis and understanding of the metastasis cascade from a wider perspective.
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Bhat MP, Thendral V, Uthappa UT, Lee KH, Kigga M, Altalhi T, Kurkuri MD, Kant K. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Platform for Physical and Immunological Detection and Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040220. [PMID: 35448280 PMCID: PMC9025399 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CTCs (circulating tumor cells) are well-known for their use in clinical trials for tumor diagnosis. Capturing and isolating these CTCs from whole blood samples has enormous benefits in cancer diagnosis and treatment. In general, various approaches are being used to separate malignant cells, including immunomagnets, macroscale filters, centrifuges, dielectrophoresis, and immunological approaches. These procedures, on the other hand, are time-consuming and necessitate multiple high-level operational protocols. In addition, considering their low efficiency and throughput, the processes of capturing and isolating CTCs face tremendous challenges. Meanwhile, recent advances in microfluidic devices promise unprecedented advantages for capturing and isolating CTCs with greater efficiency, sensitivity, selectivity and accuracy. In this regard, this review article focuses primarily on the various fabrication methodologies involved in microfluidic devices and techniques specifically used to capture and isolate CTCs using various physical and biological methods as well as their conceptual ideas, advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Padmalaya Bhat
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India; (M.P.B.); (V.T.); (M.K.)
- Agricultural Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Venkatachalam Thendral
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India; (M.P.B.); (V.T.); (M.K.)
| | | | - Kyeong-Hwan Lee
- Agricultural Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Madhuprasad Kigga
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India; (M.P.B.); (V.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Tariq Altalhi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahaveer D. Kurkuri
- Centre for Research in Functional Materials (CRFM), Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Bengaluru 562112, Karnataka, India; (M.P.B.); (V.T.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.K.); (K.K.)
| | - Krishna Kant
- Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario, CINBIO Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.D.K.); (K.K.)
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Da Col G, Del Ben F, Bulfoni M, Turetta M, Gerratana L, Bertozzi S, Beltrami AP, Cesselli D. Image Analysis of Circulating Tumor Cells and Leukocytes Predicts Survival and Metastatic Pattern in Breast Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:725318. [PMID: 35223462 PMCID: PMC8866934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.725318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present work was to test whether quantitative image analysis of circulating cells can provide useful clinical information targeting bone metastasis (BM) and overall survival (OS >30 months) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods Starting from cell images of epithelial circulating tumor cells (eCTC) and leukocytes (CD45pos) obtained with DEPArray, we identified the most significant features and applied single-variable and multi-variable methods, screening all combinations of four machine-learning approaches (Naïve Bayes, Logistic regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest). Results Best predictive features were circularity (OS) and diameter (BM), in both eCTC and CD45pos. Median difference in OS was 15 vs. 43 (months), p = 0.03 for eCTC and 19 vs. 36, p = 0.16 for CD45pos. Prediction for BM showed low accuracy (64%, 53%) but strong positive predictive value PPV (79%, 91%) for eCTC and CD45, respectively. Best machine learning model was Naïve Bayes, showing 46 vs 11 (months), p <0.0001 for eCTC; 12.5 vs. 45, p = 0.0004 for CD45pos and 11 vs. 45, p = 0.0003 for eCTC + CD45pos. BM prediction reached 91% accuracy with eCTC, 84% with CD45pos and 91% with combined model. Conclusions Quantitative image analysis and machine learning models were effective methods to predict survival and metastatic pattern, with both eCTC and CD45pos containing significant and complementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Da Col
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Del Ben
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Michela Bulfoni
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Matteo Turetta
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, Italy
| | - Serena Bertozzi
- Department of Surgery, AOU "S. Maria della Misericordia", Udine, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Udine (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
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Abdulla A, Zhang T, Li S, Guo W, Warden AR, Xin Y, Maboyi N, Lou J, Xie H, Ding X. Integrated microfluidic single-cell immunoblotting chip enables high-throughput isolation, enrichment and direct protein analysis of circulating tumor cells. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:13. [PMID: 35136652 PMCID: PMC8807661 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00342-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Effective capture and analysis of a single circulating tumor cell (CTC) is instrumental for early diagnosis and personalized therapy of tumors. However, due to their extremely low abundance and susceptibility to interference from other cells, high-throughput isolation, enrichment, and single-cell-level functional protein analysis of CTCs within one integrated system remains a major challenge. Herein, we present an integrated multifunctional microfluidic system for highly efficient and label-free CTC isolation, CTC enrichment, and single-cell immunoblotting (ieSCI). The ieSCI-chip is a multilayer microfluidic system that combines an inertia force-based cell sorter with a membrane filter for label-free CTC separation and enrichment and a thin layer of a photoactive polyacrylamide gel with microwell arrays at the bottom of the chamber for single-cell immunoblotting. The ieSCI-chip successfully identified a subgroup of apoptosis-negative (Bax-negative) cells, which traditional bulk analysis did not detect, from cisplatin-treated cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated the clinical application of the ieSCI-chip with blood samples from breast cancer patients for personalized CTC epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) analysis. The expression level of a tumor cell marker (EpCAM) can be directly determined in isolated CTCs at the single-cell level, and the therapeutic response to anticancer drugs can be simultaneously monitored. Therefore, the ieSCI-chip provides a promising clinical translational tool for clinical drug response monitoring and personalized regimen development.
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Grants
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Project by National Innovation Special Zone, Project 2017SHZDZX01, 17DZ2203400, and 18430760500 by Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology, Project G20180101 by Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program, Project ZXWF082101 by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Project 2017ZX10203205-006-002 by National Key Research and Development Program of China, Project 19X190020154, ZH2018ZDA01, YG2016QN24 and YG2016MS60 by Shanghai Jiao Tong University Biomedical Interdisciplinary Program, Project ZH2018QNA54 and ZH2018QNA49 by the Medical-Engineering Cross Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Project 2019CXJQ03 by Innovation Group Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Comission, Project 19MC1910800 by Shanghai Clinical Medical Research Center, Project SD0820016 by the third batch of industrialization project of Innovation Incubation Fund of Nantong and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Project SL2020MS026 by the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Project Agri-X20200101 by Shanghai Jiao Tong University, SJTU Global Strategic Partnership Fund (2020 SJTU-HUJI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Abdulla
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Shanhe Li
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Wenke Guo
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Antony R. Warden
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Yufang Xin
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Nokuzola Maboyi
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.85 Wujing Road, Shanghai, 200080 China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Xianting Ding
- Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 China
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8
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Onoshima D, Baba Y. Cancer diagnosis and analysis devices based on multimolecular crowding. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13655-13661. [PMID: 34854439 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study of the multimolecular crowding around cancer cells has opened up the possibility of developing new devices for cancer diagnosis and analysis through the measurement of intercellular communication related to cell proliferation and invasive metastasis associated with cancer malignancy. In particular, cells and extracellular vesicles that flow into the bloodstream contain metabolites and secreted products of the cancer microenvironment. These are positioned as targets for the development of new devices for the understanding and application of multimolecular crowding around cancer cells. Examples include the separation analysis of cancer cells in blood for the next generation of less invasive testing techniques, and mapping analysis using Raman scattering to detect cancer cells without staining. Another example is the evaluation of the relationship between exosomes and cancer traits for the exploration of new anti-cancer drugs, and the commercialization of exosome separation devices for ultra-early cancer diagnosis. The development of nanobiodevice engineering, which applies multimolecular crowding to conventional nanobioscience, is expected to contribute to the diagnosis and analysis of various diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Onoshima
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan. .,Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.,Institute of Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Williams PS, Moore LR, Joshi P, Goodin M, Zborowski M, Fleischman A. Microfluidic chip for graduated magnetic separation of circulating tumor cells by their epithelial cell adhesion molecule expression and magnetic nanoparticle binding. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1637:461823. [PMID: 33385746 PMCID: PMC7827554 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral bloodstream of metastatic cancer patients has contributed to improvements in prognosis and therapeutics. There have been numerous approaches to capture and counting of CTCs. However, CTCs have potential information beyond simple enumeration and hold promise as a liquid biopsy for cancer and a pathway for personalized cancer therapy by detecting the subset of CTCs having the highest metastatic potential. There is evidence that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) expression level distinguishes these highly metastatic CTCs. The few previous approaches to selective CTC capture according to EpCAM expression level are reviewed. A new two-stage microfluidic device for separation, enrichment and release of CTCs into subpopulations sorted by EpCAM expression level is presented here. It relies upon immunospecific magnetic nanoparticle labeling of CTCs followed by their field- and flow-based separation in the first stage and capture as discrete subpopulations in the second stage. To fine tune the separation, the magnetic field profile across the first stage microfluidic channel may be modified by bonding small Vanadium Permendur strips to its outer walls. Mathematical modeling of magnetic fields and fluid flows supports the soundness of the design.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Stephen Williams
- Cambrian Technologies Inc., 1772 Saratoga Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA.
| | - Lee R Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | | | - Mark Goodin
- SimuTech Group, 1742 Georgetown Rd., Suite B, Hudson, OH 44236, USA
| | - Maciej Zborowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Aaron Fleischman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Research Progress for the Clinical Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6230826. [PMID: 33506020 PMCID: PMC7814947 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6230826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a life-threatening and highly heterogeneous malignancy. In the past decade, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been suggested to play a critical role in the occurrence and progression of prostate cancer. In particular, as the “seed” of the cancer metastasis cascade, CTCs determine numerous biological behaviors, such as tumor invasion into adjacent tissues and migration to distant organs. Many studies have shown that CTCs are necessary in the processes of tumor progression, including tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis, and colonization. Furthermore, CTCs express various biomarkers relevant to prostate cancer and thus can be applied clinically in noninvasive tests. Moreover, CTCs can serve as potential prognostic targets in prostate cancer due to their roles in regulating many processes associated with cancer metastasis. In this review, we discuss the isolation and detection of CTCs as predictive markers of prostate cancer, and we discuss their clinical application in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer and in monitoring the response to treatment and the prediction of metastasis.
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Pei H, Li L, Han Z, Wang Y, Tang B. Recent advances in microfluidic technologies for circulating tumor cells: enrichment, single-cell analysis, and liquid biopsy for clinical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3854-3875. [PMID: 33107879 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00577k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detach from primary or metastatic lesions and circulate in the peripheral blood, which is considered to be the cause of distant metastases. CTC analysis in the form of liquid biopsy, enumeration and molecular analysis provide significant clinical information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategies. Despite the great clinical value, CTC analysis has not yet entered routine clinical practice due to lack of efficient technologies to perform CTC isolation and single-cell analysis. Taking the rarity and inherent heterogeneity of CTCs into account, reliable methods for CTC isolation and detection are in urgent demand for obtaining valuable information on cancer metastasis and progression from CTCs. Microfluidic technology, featuring microfabricated structures, can precisely control fluids and cells at the micrometer scale, thus making itself a particularly suitable method for rare CTC manipulation. Besides the enrichment function, microfluidic chips can also realize the analysis function by integrating multiple detection technologies. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress in CTC isolation and detection using microfluidic technologies, with special attention to emerging direct enrichment and enumeration in vivo. Further, few insights into single CTC molecular analysis are also demonstrated. We have provided a review of potential clinical applications of CTCs, ranging from early screening and diagnosis, tumor progression and prognosis, treatment and resistance monitoring, to therapeutic evaluation. Through this review, we conclude that the clinical utility of CTCs will be expanded as the isolation and analysis techniques are constantly improving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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Duong BTV, Wu L, Green BJ, Bavaghar-Zaeimi F, Wang Z, Labib M, Zhou Y, Cantu FJP, Jeganathan T, Popescu S, Pantea J, de Perrot M, Kelley SO. A liquid biopsy for detecting circulating mesothelial precursor cells: A new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in mesothelioma. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103031. [PMID: 33045471 PMCID: PMC7553233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer related to asbestos exposure. Early diagnosis is challenging due to generic symptoms and a lack of biomarkers. We previously demonstrated that mesothelial precursor cells (MPC) characterized by mesothelin (MSLN)+CD90+CD34+ could be implicated in the development of mesothelioma after asbestos exposure. Here, we aimed to determine the clinical significance of detecting MPC in blood for early-stage diagnosis and prognosis of mesothelioma. METHODS Due to the rarity of MPC in blood, it is challenging to identify this cell population using conventional techniques. Hence, we have developed a microfluidic liquid biopsy platform called MesoFind that utilizes an immunomagnetic, mesothelin capture strategy coupled with immunofluorescence to identify rare populations of cells at high sensitivity and precision. To validate our technique, we compared this approach to flow cytometry for the detection of MPC in murine blood and lavage samples. Upon successful validation of the murine samples, we then proceeded to examine circulating MPC in 23 patients with MPM, 23 asbestos-exposed individuals (ASB), and 10 healthy donors (HD) to evaluate their prognostic and diagnostic value. FINDING MPC were successfully detected in the blood of murine samples using MesoFind but were undetectable with flow cytometry. Circulating MPC were significantly higher in patients with epithelioid MPM compared to HD and ASB. The MPC subpopulation, MSLN+ and CD90+, were upregulated in ASB compared to HD suggesting an early role in pleural damage from asbestos. The MPC subpopulation, MSLN+ and CD34+, in contrast, were detected in advanced MPM and associated with markers of poor prognosis, suggesting a predominant role during cancer progression. INTERPRETATION The identification of circulating MPC presents an attractive solution for screening and early diagnosis of epithelioid mesothelioma. The presence of different subtypes of MPC have a prognostic value that could be of assistance with clinical decisions in patients with MPM. FUNDING Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation Mesothelioma Research Fund, Toronto General & Western Hospital Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill T V Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Licun Wu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, 101 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Brenda J Green
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Bavaghar-Zaeimi
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, 101 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Rd., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yuxiao Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Fernando J P Cantu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Thurgaa Jeganathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sandra Popescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Pantea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Marc de Perrot
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, 101 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth St., Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada; Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.
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13
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Labib M, Philpott DN, Wang Z, Nemr C, Chen JB, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Magnetic Ranking Cytometry: Profiling Rare Cells at the Single-Cell Level. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1445-1457. [PMID: 32662263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity in biological systems presents major challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and also complicates the deconvolution of complex cellular phenomena. Single-cell analysis methods provide information that is not masked by the intrinsic heterogeneity of the bulk population and can therefore be applied to gain insights into heterogeneity among different cell subpopulations with fine resolution. Over the last 5 years, an explosion in the number of single-cell measurement methods has occurred. However, most of these methods are applicable to pure populations of cultured cells and are not able to handle high levels of phenotypic heterogeneity or a large background of nontarget cells. Microfluidics is an attractive tool for single cell manipulation as it enables individual encasing of single cells, allowing for high-throughput analysis with precise control of the local environment. Our laboratory has developed a new microfluidics-based analytical strategy to meet this unmet need referred to as magnetic ranking cytometry (MagRC). Cells expressing a biomarker of interest are labeled with receptor-coated magnetic nanoparticles and isolated from nontarget cells using a microfluidic device. The device ranks the cells according to the level of bound magnetic nanoparticles, which corresponds to the expression level of a target biomarker. Over the last several years, two generations of MagRC devices have been developed for different applications. The first-generation MagRC devices are powerful tools for the quantitation and analysis of rare cells present in heterogeneous samples, such as circulating tumor cells, stem cells, and pathogenic bacteria. The second-generation MagRC devices are compatible with the efficient recovery of cells sorted on the basis of protein expression and can be used to analyze large populations of cells and perform phenotypic CRISPR screens. To improve analytical precision, newer iterations of the first-generation and second-generation MagRC devices have been integrated with electrochemical sensors and Hall effect sensors, respectively. Both generations of MagRC devices permit the isolation of viable cells, which sets the stage for a wide range of applications, such as generating cell lines from rare cells and in vitro screening for effective therapeutic interventions in cancer patients to realize the promise of personalized medicine. This Account summarizes the development and application of the MagRC and describes a suite of advances that have enabled single-cell tumor cell analysis and monitoring tumor response to therapy, stem cell analysis, and detection of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - David N. Philpott
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zongjie Wang
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Carine Nemr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jenise B. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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14
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Luo L, He Y. Magnetically driven microfluidics for isolation of circulating tumor cells. Cancer Med 2020; 9:4207-4231. [PMID: 32325536 PMCID: PMC7300401 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) largely contribute to cancer metastasis and show potential prognostic significance in cancer isolation and detection. Miniaturization has progressed significantly in the last decade which in turn enabled the development of several microfluidic systems. The microfluidic systems offer a controlled microenvironment for studies of fundamental cell biology, resulting in the rapid development of microfluidic isolation of CTCs. Due to the inherent ability of magnets to provide forces at a distance, the technology of CTCs isolation based on the magnetophoresis mechanism has become a routine methodology. This historical review aims to introduce two principles of magnetic isolation and recent techniques, facilitating research in this field and providing alternatives for researchers in their study of magnetic isolation. Researchers intend to promote effective CTC isolation and analysis as well as active development of next-generation cancer treatment. The first part of this review summarizes the primary principles based on positive and negative magnetophoretic isolation and describes the metrics for isolation performance. The second part presents a detailed overview of the factors that affect the performance of CTC magnetic isolation, including the magnetic field sources, functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic fluids, and magnetically driven microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laan Luo
- School of Chemical EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Yongqing He
- School of Chemical EngineeringKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Micro‐Nano System and Intelligent SensingChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqingChina
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15
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Wang Z, Xia F, Labib M, Ahmadi M, Chen H, Das J, Ahmed SU, Angers S, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Nanostructured Architectures Promote the Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition for Invasive Cells. ACS NANO 2020; 14:5324-5336. [PMID: 32369335 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic modulation of cellular phenotypes between the epithelial and mesenchymal states-the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET)-plays an important role in cancer progression. Nanoscale topography of culture substrates is known to affect the migration and EMT of cancer cells. However, existing platforms heavily rely on simple geometries such as grooved lines or cylindrical post arrays, which may oversimplify the complex interaction between cells and nanotopography in vivo. Here, we use electrodeposition to construct finely controlled surfaces with biomimetic fractal nanostructures as a means of examining the roles of nanotopography during the EMT/MET process. We found that nanostructures in the size range of 100 to 500 nm significantly promote MET for invasive breast and prostate cancer cells. The "METed" cells acquired distinct expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers, displayed perturbed morphologies, and exhibited diminished migration and invasion, even after the removal of a nanotopographical stimulus. The phosphorylation of GSK-3 was decreased, which further tuned the expression of Snail and modulated the EMT/MET process. Our findings suggest that invasive cancer cells respond to the geometries and dimensions of complex nanostructured architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G4, Canada
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Moloud Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Haijie Chen
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jagotamoy Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sharif U Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Stéphane Angers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada
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16
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Wang Z, Gagliardi M, Mohamadi RM, Ahmed SU, Labib M, Zhang L, Popescu S, Zhou Y, Sargent EH, Keller GM, Kelley SO. Ultrasensitive and rapid quantification of rare tumorigenic stem cells in hPSC-derived cardiomyocyte populations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay7629. [PMID: 32440533 PMCID: PMC7227422 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay7629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect rare human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in differentiated populations is critical for safeguarding the clinical translation of cell therapy, as these undifferentiated cells have the capacity to form teratomas in vivo. The detection of hPSCs must be performed using an approach compatible with traceable manufacturing of therapeutic cell products. Here, we report a novel microfluidic approach, stem cell quantitative cytometry (SCQC), for the quantification of rare hPSCs in hPSC-derived cardiomyocyte (CM) populations. This approach enables the ultrasensitive capture, profiling, and enumeration of trace levels of hPSCs labeled with magnetic nanoparticles in a low-cost, manufacturable microfluidic chip. We deploy SCQC to assess the tumorigenic risk of hPSC-derived CM populations in vivo. In addition, we isolate rare hPSCs from the differentiated populations using SCQC and characterize their pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjie Wang
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Mark Gagliardi
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Reza M. Mohamadi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sharif U. Ahmed
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Libing Zhang
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sandra Popescu
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yuxiao Zhou
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Gordon M. Keller
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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17
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Pei H, Li L, Wang Y, Sheng R, Wang Y, Xie S, Shui L, Si H, Tang B. Single-Cell Phenotypic Profiling of CTCs in Whole Blood Using an Integrated Microfluidic Device. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11078-11084. [PMID: 31373191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell phenotypic profiling of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients can reveal vital tumor biology information. Even though various approaches have been provided to enrich and detect CTCs, it remains challenging for consecutive CTC sorting, enumeration, and single-cell characterizations. Here, we report an integrated microfluidic device (IMD) for single-cell phenotypic profiling of CTCs that enables automated CTCs sorting from whole blood following continuous single-cell phenotypic analysis while satisfying the requirements of both high purity (92 ± 3%) of cell sorting and high-throughput processing capacity (5 mL whole blood/3 h). Using this new technique we test the phenotypes of individual CTCs collected from xenograft tumor-bearing mice and colorectal (CRC) patients at different tumor stages. We obtained a correlation between CTC characterization and clinical tumor stage and treatment response. The developed IMD offers a high-throughput, convenient, and rapid strategy to study individual CTCs toward minimally invasive cancer therapy prediction and disease monitoring and has the potential to be translated to clinic for liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimeng Pei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan 250021 , People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Sheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguo Wang
- Qianfoshan Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Shui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology and Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Si
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , People's Republic of China
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18
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19
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Green BJ, Nguyen V, Atenafu E, Weeber P, Duong BTV, Thiagalingam P, Labib M, Mohamadi RM, Hansen AR, Joshua AM, Kelley SO. Phenotypic Profiling of Circulating Tumor Cells in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients Using Nanoparticle-Mediated Ranking. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9348-9355. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J. Green
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Vivian Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Eshetu Atenafu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Phillip Weeber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Bill T. V. Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Punithan Thiagalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Reza M. Mohamadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Aaron R. Hansen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Anthony M. Joshua
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St. Vincent’s Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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20
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Tellez-Gabriel M, Heymann MF, Heymann D. Circulating Tumor Cells as a Tool for Assessing Tumor Heterogeneity. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:4580-4594. [PMID: 31367241 PMCID: PMC6643448 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is the major cause of failure in cancer prognosis and prediction. Accurately detecting heterogeneity for the development of biomarkers and the detection of the clones resistant to therapy is one of the main goals of contemporary medicine. Metastases belong to the natural history of cancer. The present review gives an overview on the origin of tumor heterogeneity. Recent progress has made it possible to isolate and characterize circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which are the drivers of the disease between the primary sites and metastatic foci. The most recent methods for characterizing CTCs are summarized and we discuss the power of CTC profiling for analyzing tumor heterogeneity in early and advanced diseases.
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21
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Characterization of circulating tumor cells as a reflection of the tumor heterogeneity: myth or reality? Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:763-772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Kulasinghe A, Zhou J, Kenny L, Papautsky I, Punyadeera C. Capture of Circulating Tumour Cell Clusters Using Straight Microfluidic Chips. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E89. [PMID: 30646614 PMCID: PMC6356955 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are the metastatic precursors to distant disease in head and neck cancers (HNCs). Whilst the prognostic and predictive value of single CTCs have been well documented, the role of CTC clusters, which potentially have a higher metastatic capacity are limited. In this study, the authors used a novel straight microfluidic chip to focus and capture CTCs. The chip offers high cell recoveries with clinically relevant numbers (10⁻500 cells/mL) without the need for further purification. Single CTCs were identified in 10/21 patient samples (range 2⁻24 CTCs/mL), CTC clusters in 9/21 patient samples (range 1⁻6 CTC clusters/mL) and circulating tumour microemboli (CTM) in 2/21 samples. This study demonstrated that CTC clusters contain EGFR amplified single CTCs within the cluster volume. This novel microfluidic chip demonstrates the efficient sorting and preservation of single CTCs, CTC clusters and CTMs. The authors intend to expand this study to a larger cohort to determine the clinical implication of the CTC subsets in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arutha Kulasinghe
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Liz Kenny
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, QLD 4029, Australia.
- Central Integrated Regional Cancer Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland Health, QLD 4029, Australia.
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
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