1
|
Jangir H, Hickman JJ. Mimicking the Tendon Microenvironment to Enhance Skeletal Muscle Adhesion and Longevity in a Functional Microcantilever Platform. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4698-4708. [PMID: 37462389 PMCID: PMC10430766 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Microcantilever platforms are functional models for studying skeletal muscle force dynamics in vitro. However, the contractile force generated by the myotubes can cause them to detach from the cantilevers, especially during long-term experiments, thus impeding the chronic investigations of skeletal muscles for drug efficacy and toxicity. To improve the integration of myotubes with microcantilevers, we drew inspiration from the elastomeric proteins, elastin and resilin, that are present in the animal and insect worlds, respectively. The spring action of these proteins plays a critical role in force dampening in vivo. In animals, elastin is present in the collagenous matrix of the tendon which is the attachment point of muscles to bones. The tendon microenvironment consists of elastin, collagen, and an aqueous jelly-like mass of proteoglycans. In an attempt to mimic this tendon microenvironment, elastin, collagen, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and hyaluronic acid were deposited on a positively charged silane substrate. This enabled the long-term survival of mechanically active myotubes on glass and silicon microcantilevers for over 28 days. The skeletal muscle cultures were derived from both primary and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human skeletal muscles. Both types of myoblasts formed myotubes which survived for five weeks. Primary skeletal muscles and iPSC-derived skeletal muscles also showed a similar trend in fatigue index values. Upon integration with the microcantilever system, the primary muscle and iPSC-derived myotubes were tested successively over a one month period, thus paving the way for long-term chronic experiments on these systems for both drug efficacy and toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Jangir
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Pkwy, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - James J. Hickman
- Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Pkwy, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Park S, Jeong S, Nam YH, Yum Y, Jung SC. Transplantation of Differentiated Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorates Murine Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy via Autophagy Activation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1283-1294. [PMID: 36318366 PMCID: PMC9679082 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscles play many important roles in the human body and any malfunction or disorder of the skeletal muscles can lead to a reduced quality of life. Some skeletal dysfunctions are acquired, such as sarcopenia but others are congenital. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most common forms of hereditary muscular dystrophy and is caused by a deficiency of the protein, Dystrophin. Currently, there is no clear treatment for DMD, there are only methods that can alleviate the symptoms of the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells, including tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) have been shown to differentiate into skeletal muscle cells (TMSC-myocyte) and can be one of the resources for the treatment of DMD. Skeletal muscle cell characteristics of TMSC-myocytes have been confirmed through changes in morphology and expression of skeletal muscle markers such as Myogenin, Myf6, and MYH families after differentiation. MEOTHDS Based on these characteristics, TMSC-myocytes have been transplanted into mdx mice, a mouse model of DMD, to investigate whether they can help improve the symptoms of DMD. The red fluorescent protein gene was transduced into TMSC (TMSC-R) for tracking transplanted cells. RESULTS Prior to transplantation (TP), it was confirmed whether TMSC-R-myocytes had the same differentiation potential as TMSC-myocytes. Increased expression of dystrophin and autophagy markers in the TP group compared with the sham group was confirmed in the gastrocnemius muscle 12 weeks after TP. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate muscle regeneration and functional recovery of mdx via autophagy activation following TMSC-myocyte TP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeyoung Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Hwa Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Yum
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chul Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 07804, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Establishment of a system evaluating the contractile force of electrically stimulated myotubes from wrinkles formed on elastic substrate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13818. [PMID: 35970858 PMCID: PMC9378739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness is detrimental not only to quality of life but also life expectancy. However, effective drugs have still not been developed to improve and prevent muscle weakness associated with aging or diseases. One reason for the delay in drug discovery is that no suitable in vitro screening system has been established to test whether drugs improve muscle strength. Here, we used a specific deformable silicone gel substrate to effectively and sensitively evaluate the contractile force generated by myotubes from wrinkles formed on the substrate. Using this system, it was found that the contractile force generated by an atrophic phenotype of myotubes induced by dexamethasone or cancer cell-conditioned medium treatment significantly decreased while that generated by hypertrophic myotubes induced by insulin-like growth factor-1 significantly increased. Notably, it was found that changes in the index related to contractile force can detect atrophic or hypertrophic phenotypes more sensitively than changes in myotube diameter or myosin heavy chain expression, both commonly used to evaluate myotube function. These results suggest that our proposed system will be an effective tool for assessing the contractile force-related state of myotubes, which are available for the development of drugs to prevent and/or treat muscle weakness.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li YX, Hsiao CH, Chang YF. N-acetyl cysteine prevents arecoline-inhibited C2C12 myoblast differentiation through ERK1/2 phosphorylation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272231. [PMID: 35901044 PMCID: PMC9333315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arecoline is known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our previous studies showed that arecoline inhibited myogenic differentiation and acetylcholine receptor cluster formation of C2C12 myoblasts. N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is a known ROS scavenger. We hypothesize that NAC scavenges the excess ROS caused by arecoline. In this article we examined the effect of NAC on the inhibited myoblast differentiation by arecoline and related mechanisms. We found that NAC less than 2 mM is non-cytotoxic to C2C12 by viability analysis. We further demonstrated that NAC attenuated the decreased number of myotubes and nuclei in each myotube compared to arecoline treatment by H & E staining. We also showed that NAC prevented the decreased expression level of the myogenic markers, myogenin and MYH caused by arecoline, using immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Finally, we found that NAC restored the decreased expression level of p-ERK1/2 by arecoline. In conclusion, our results indicate that NAC attenuates the damage of the arecoline-inhibited C2C12 myoblast differentiation by the activation/phosphorylation of ERK. This is the first report to demonstrate that NAC has beneficial effects on skeletal muscle myogenesis through ERK1/2 upon arecoline treatment. Since defects of skeletal muscle associates with several diseases, NAC can be a potent drug candidate in diseases related to defects in skeletal muscle myogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Translational Research Center of Neuromuscular Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Giza S, Mojica‐Santiago JA, Parafati M, Malany LK, Platt D, Schmidt CE, Coen PM, Malany S. Microphysiological system for studying contractile differences in young, active, and old, sedentary adult derived skeletal muscle cells. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13650. [PMID: 35653714 PMCID: PMC9282836 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS), also referred to as tissue chips, incorporating 3D skeletal myobundles are a novel approach for physiological and pharmacological studies to uncover new medical treatments for sarcopenia. We characterize a MPS in which engineered skeletal muscle myobundles derived from donor-specific satellite cells that model aged phenotypes are encapsulated in a perfused tissue chip platform containing platinum electrodes. Our myobundles were derived from CD56+ myogenic cells obtained via percutaneous biopsy of the vastus lateralis from adults phenotyped by age and physical activity. Following 17 days differentiation including 5 days of a 3 V, 2 Hz electrical stimulation regime, the myobundles exhibited fused myotube alignment and upregulation of myogenic, myofiber assembly, signaling and contractile genes as demonstrated by gene array profiling and localization of key components of the sarcomere. Our results demonstrate that myobundles derived from the young, active (YA) group showed high intensity immunofluorescent staining of α-actinin proteins and responded to electrical stimuli with a ~1 μm displacement magnitude compared with non-stimulated myobundles. Myobundles derived from older sedentary group (OS) did not display a synchronous contraction response. Hypertrophic potential is increased in YA-derived myobundles in response to stimulation as shown by upregulation of insulin growth factor (IGF-1), α-actinin (ACTN3, ACTA1) and fast twitch troponin protein (TNNI2) compared with OS-derived myobundles. Our MPS mimics disease states of muscle decline and thus provides an aged system and experimental platform to investigate electrical stimulation mimicking exercise regimes and may be adapted to long duration studies of compound efficacy and toxicity for therapeutic evaluation against sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Giza
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Jorge A. Mojica‐Santiago
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Maddalena Parafati
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | | | - Don Platt
- Micro Aerospace SolutionsMelbourneFloridaUSA
| | - Christine E. Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Paul M. Coen
- Translational Research InstituteAdventHealthOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Siobhan Malany
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of PharmacyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hargrove-Grimes P, Low LA, Tagle DA. Microphysiological Systems: Stakeholder Challenges to Adoption in Drug Development. Cells Tissues Organs 2022; 211:269-281. [PMID: 34380142 PMCID: PMC8831652 DOI: 10.1159/000517422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS) or tissue chips/organs-on-chips are novel in vitro models that emulate human physiology at the most basic functional level. In this review, we discuss various hurdles to widespread adoption of MPS technology focusing on issues from multiple stakeholder sectors, e.g., academic MPS developers, commercial suppliers of platforms, the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, and regulatory organizations. Broad adoption of MPS technology has thus far been limited by a gap in translation between platform developers, end-users, regulatory agencies, and the pharmaceutical industry. In this brief review, we offer a perspective on the existing barriers and how end-users may help surmount these obstacles to achieve broader adoption of MPS technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Passley Hargrove-Grimes
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lucie A. Low
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danilo A. Tagle
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shengchen W, Jing L, Yujie Y, Yue W, Shiwen X. Polystyrene microplastics-induced ROS overproduction disrupts the skeletal muscle regeneration by converting myoblasts into adipocytes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:125962. [PMID: 33979708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The environmental problem of Microplastics (MPs) pollution poses a great threat to human and animal health, which has attracted global attention. The physiological integrity of skeletal muscle is extremely important for the survival of animals. Here, we investigated the effect of two size polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, 1-10 µm and 50-100 µm) on the growth of anterior tibial (TA) muscle and repair after injury in mice. Results showed that the regeneration of skeletal muscle was delayed by PS-MPs exposure and was negatively correlated with particle size. H&E staining and Oil red O staining showed that PS-MPs exposure reduced the average cross-sectional area (CSA) and diameter of the muscle fibers, increased lipid deposition. Further mechanistic research displayed that though PS-MPs treatment did not affect cell viability of myoblast, it aggravated intracellular ROS generation and oxidative stress, inhibited myogenic differentiation by decreasing the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, and promote adipogenic differentiation by increasing the expression of NF-κB, which could be alleviated by NAC. In brief, our data demonstrated that the ROS overproduction caused by PS-MPs disturbed the regeneration of skeletal muscle and directed the fate of satellite cells in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Shengchen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Liu Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yao Yujie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wang Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Shiwen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santoso JW, Li X, Gupta D, Suh GC, Hendricks E, Lin S, Perry S, Ichida JK, Dickman D, McCain ML. Engineering skeletal muscle tissues with advanced maturity improves synapse formation with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:036101. [PMID: 34286174 PMCID: PMC8282350 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop effective cures for neuromuscular diseases, human-relevant in vitro models of neuromuscular tissues are critically needed to probe disease mechanisms on a cellular and molecular level. However, previous attempts to co-culture motor neurons and skeletal muscle have resulted in relatively immature neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). In this study, NMJs formed by human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons were improved by optimizing the maturity of the co-cultured muscle tissue. First, muscle tissues engineered from the C2C12 mouse myoblast cell line, cryopreserved primary human myoblasts, and freshly isolated primary chick myoblasts on micromolded gelatin hydrogels were compared. After three weeks, only chick muscle tissues remained stably adhered to hydrogels and exhibited progressive increases in myogenic index and stress generation, approaching values generated by native muscle tissue. After three weeks of co-culture with hiPSC-derived motor neurons, engineered chick muscle tissues formed NMJs with increasing co-localization of pre- and postsynaptic markers as well as increased frequency and magnitude of synaptic activity, surpassing structural and functional maturity of previous in vitro models. Engineered chick muscle tissues also demonstrated increased expression of genes related to sarcomere maturation and innervation over time, revealing new insights into the molecular pathways that likely contribute to enhanced NMJ formation. These approaches for engineering advanced neuromuscular tissues with relatively mature NMJs and interrogating their structure and function have many applications in neuromuscular disease modeling and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Santoso
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Xiling Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Arts and Letters, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Divya Gupta
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Gio C. Suh
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Eric Hendricks
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Shaoyu Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Sarah Perry
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Arts and Letters, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Justin K. Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Dion Dickman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Arts and Letters, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Megan L. McCain
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel: +1 2138210791. URL:https://livingsystemsengineering.usc.edu
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hargrove-Grimes P, Low LA, Tagle DA. Microphysiological systems: What it takes for community adoption. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:1435-1446. [PMID: 33899539 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211008872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS) are promising in vitro tools which could substantially improve the drug development process, particularly for underserved patient populations such as those with rare diseases, neural disorders, and diseases impacting pediatric populations. Currently, one of the major goals of the National Institutes of Health MPS program, led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), is to demonstrate the utility of this emerging technology and help support the path to community adoption. However, community adoption of MPS technology has been hindered by a variety of factors including biological and technological challenges in device creation, issues with validation and standardization of MPS technology, and potential complications related to commercialization. In this brief Minireview, we offer an NCATS perspective on what current barriers exist to MPS adoption and provide an outlook on the future path to adoption of these in vitro tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Passley Hargrove-Grimes
- 390834National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lucie A Low
- 390834National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Danilo A Tagle
- 390834National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
The move from reading to writing the human genome offers new opportunities to improve human health. The United States National Institutes of Health (NIH) Somatic Cell Genome Editing (SCGE) Consortium aims to accelerate the development of safer and more-effective methods to edit the genomes of disease-relevant somatic cells in patients, even in tissues that are difficult to reach. Here we discuss the consortium's plans to develop and benchmark approaches to induce and measure genome modifications, and to define downstream functional consequences of genome editing within human cells. Central to this effort is a rigorous and innovative approach that requires validation of the technology through third-party testing in small and large animals. New genome editors, delivery technologies and methods for tracking edited cells in vivo, as well as newly developed animal models and human biological systems, will be assembled-along with validated datasets-into an SCGE Toolkit, which will be disseminated widely to the biomedical research community. We visualize this toolkit-and the knowledge generated by its applications-as a means to accelerate the clinical development of new therapies for a wide range of conditions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Moyle LA, Jacques E, Gilbert PM. Engineering the next generation of human skeletal muscle models: From cellular complexity to disease modeling. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
12
|
Ariyasinghe NR, Santoso JW, Gupta D, Pincus MJ, August PR, McCain ML. Optical Clearing of Skeletal Muscle Bundles Engineered in 3-D Printed Templates. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:523-535. [PMID: 32748107 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Many techniques for engineering and interrogating three-dimensional (3-D) muscle bundles from animal- or patient-derived myoblasts have recently been developed to overcome the limitations of existing in vitro and in vivo model systems. However, many approaches for engineering 3-D muscle bundles rely on specialized and time-consuming techniques, such as photolithography for fabrication and cryosectioning for histology. Cryosectioning also limits visualization to a single plane instead of the entire 3-D structure. To address these challenges, we first implemented a consumer-grade 3-D-printer to rapidly prototype multiple templates for engineering muscle bundles. We then employed our templates to engineer 3D muscle bundles and identify template geometries that promoted bundle survival over three weeks. Subsequently, we implemented tissue clearing, immunostaining, and confocal imaging to acquire z-stacks of intact muscle bundles labelled for myogenic markers. With this approach, we could select the imaging plane on-demand and visualize the intact 3-D structure of bundles. However, tissue clearing did cause some tissue degradation that should be considered. Together, these advances in muscle tissue engineering and imaging will accelerate the use of these 3-D tissue platforms for disease modeling and therapeutic discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nethika R Ariyasinghe
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 San Vicente Blvd, AHSP A9228, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.,Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.,Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Santoso
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Divya Gupta
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Mark J Pincus
- Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA.,Department of Science & CTE, Ironwood Ridge High School, 2475 W Naranja Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85742, USA
| | - Paul R August
- Icagen, 2090 E. Innovation Park Dr, Oro Valley, AZ, 85755, USA.,Agios Pharmaceuticals, 88 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Megan L McCain
- Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USC Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, DRB 140, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA. .,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Z, Xiang S, Li EN, Fritch MR, Alexander PG, Lin H, Tuan RS. Tissue Engineering for Musculoskeletal Regeneration and Disease Modeling. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2020; 265:235-268. [PMID: 33471201 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries and associated conditions are the leading cause of physical disability worldwide. The concept of tissue engineering has opened up novel approaches to repair musculoskeletal defects in a fast and/or efficient manner. Biomaterials, cells, and signaling molecules constitute the tissue engineering triad. In the past 40 years, significant progress has been made in developing and optimizing all three components, but only a very limited number of technologies have been successfully translated into clinical applications. A major limiting factor of this barrier to translation is the insufficiency of two-dimensional cell cultures and traditional animal models in informing the safety and efficacy of in-human applications. In recent years, microphysiological systems, often referred to as organ or tissue chips, generated according to tissue engineering principles, have been proposed as the next-generation drug testing models. This chapter aims to first review the current tissue engineering-based approaches that are being applied to fabricate and develop the individual critical elements involved in musculoskeletal organ/tissue chips. We next highlight the general strategy of generating musculoskeletal tissue chips and their potential in future regenerative medicine research. Exemplary microphysiological systems mimicking musculoskeletal tissues are described. With sufficient physiological accuracy and relevance, the human cell-derived, three-dimensional, multi-tissue systems have been used to model a number of orthopedic disorders and to test new treatments. We anticipate that the novel emerging tissue chip technology will continually reshape and improve our understanding of human musculoskeletal pathophysiology, ultimately accelerating the development of advanced pharmaceutics and regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shiqi Xiang
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eileen N Li
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madalyn R Fritch
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hang Lin
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shin HY, Lee SJ, Seo HW, Kim MY, Intisar A, Yea K, Cho SC, Lee YI, Kim YZ, Gurel O, van Noort D, Park SC, Kim MS. Cell Seeding Technology for Microarray-Based Quantitative Human Primary Skeletal Muscle Cell Analysis. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14214-14219. [PMID: 31631648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pipetting techniques play a crucial role in obtaining reproducible and reliable results, especially when seeding cells on small target areas, such as on microarrays, biochips or microfabricated cell culture systems. For very rare cells, such as human primary skeletal muscle cells (skMCs), manual (freehand) cell seeding techniques invariably result in nonuniform cell spreading and heterogeneous cell densities, giving rise to undesirable variations in myogenesis and differentiation. To prevent such technique-dependent variation, we have designed and fabricated a simple, low-cost pipet guidance device (PGD), and holder that works with hand-held pipettes. This work validates the accuracy and reproducibility of the PGD platform and compares its effectiveness with manual and robotic seeding techniques. The PGD system ensures reproducibility of cell seeding, comparable to that of more expensive robotic dispensing systems, resulting in a high degree of cell uniformity and homogeneous cell densities, while also enabling cell community studies. As compared to freehand pipetting, PGD-assisted seeding of C2C12 mouse myoblasts showed 5.3 times more myotube formation and likewise myotubes derived from PGD-seeded human primary skMCs were 3.6 times thicker and 2.2 times longer. These results show that this novel, yet simple PGD-assisted pipetting technique provides precise cell seeding on small targets, ensuring reproducible and reliable high-throughput cell assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Young Zoon Kim
- Division of Neurooncology and Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital , Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Changwon , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Danny van Noort
- Division of Biotechnology, IFM , Linköping University , Linköping 58183 , Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Batt J, Herridge MS, Dos Santos CC. From skeletal muscle weakness to functional outcomes following critical illness: a translational biology perspective. Thorax 2019; 74:1091-1098. [PMID: 31431489 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-208312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICUAW) is now a well-known entity complicating critical illness. It increases mortality and in the critical illness survivor it is associated with physical disability, substantially increased health resource utilisation and healthcare costs. Skeletal muscle wasting is a key driver of ICUAW and physical functional outcomes in both the short and long term. To date, there is no intervention that can universally and consistently prevent muscle loss during critical illness, or enhance its recovery following intensive care unit discharge, to improve physical function. Clinical trials of early mobilisation or exercise training, or enhanced nutritional support have generated inconsistent results and we have no effective pharmacological interventions. This review will delineate our current understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the development and persistence of skeletal muscle loss and dysfunction in the critically ill individual, highlighting recent discoveries and clinical observations, and utilisation of this knowledge in the development of novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane Batt
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret S Herridge
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|