1
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Liu Y, Huang J, Liu C, Song Z, Wu J, Zhao Q, Li Y, Dong F, Wang L, Xu H. Soft Millirobot Capable of Switching Motion Modes on the Fly for Targeted Drug Delivery in the Oviduct. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8694-8705. [PMID: 38466230 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Small-scale magnetic robots with fixed magnetizations have limited locomotion modes, restricting their applications in complex environments in vivo. Here we present a morphology-reconfigurable millirobot that can switch the locomotion modes locally by reprogramming its magnetizations during navigation, in response to distinct magnetic field patterns. By continuously switching its locomotion modes between the high-velocity rigid motion and high-adaptability soft actuation, the millirobot efficiently navigates in small lumens with intricate internal structures and complex surface topographies. As demonstrations, the millirobot performs multimodal locomotion including woodlouse-like rolling and flipping, sperm-like rotating, and snake-like gliding to negotiate different terrains, including the unrestricted channel and high platform, narrow channel, and solid-liquid interface, respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the drug delivery capability of the millirobot through the oviduct-mimicking phantom and ex vivo oviduct. The magnetization reprogramming strategy during navigation represents a promising approach for developing self-adaptive robots for performing complex tasks in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chu Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhongyi Song
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiandong Wu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qilong Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yingtian Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fuping Dong
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Huhnstock R, Paetzold L, Merkel M, Kuświk P, Ehresmann A. Combined Funnel, Concentrator, and Particle Valve Functional Element for Magnetophoretic Bead Transport Based on Engineered Magnetic Domain Patterns. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305675. [PMID: 37888794 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Controlled actuation of superparamagnetic beads (SPBs) within a microfluidic environment using tailored dynamic magnetic field landscapes (MFLs) is a potent approach for the realization of point-of-care diagnostics within Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems. Making use of an engineered magnetic domain pattern as the MFL source, a functional LOC-element with combined magnetophoretic "funnel", concentrator, and "valve" functions for micron-sized SPBs is presented. A parallel-stripe domain pattern design with periodically decreasing/increasing stripe lengths is fabricated in a topographically flat continuous exchange biased (EB) thin film system by ion bombardment induced magnetic patterning (IBMP). It is demonstrated that, upon application of external magnetic field pulses, a fully reversible concentration of SPBs at the domain pattern's focal point occurs. In addition, it is shown that this functionality may be used as an SPB "funnel", allowing only a maximum number of particles to pass through the focal point. Adjusting the pulse time length, the focal point can be clogged up for incoming SPBs, resembling an on/off switchable particle "valve". The observations are supported by quantitative theoretical force considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rico Huhnstock
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
- Artificial Intelligence Methods for Experiment Design (AIM-ED), Joint Lab of Helmholtzzentrum für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (HZB) and University of Kassel, Hahn Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Paetzold
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
- Artificial Intelligence Methods for Experiment Design (AIM-ED), Joint Lab of Helmholtzzentrum für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (HZB) and University of Kassel, Hahn Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Merkel
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
- Artificial Intelligence Methods for Experiment Design (AIM-ED), Joint Lab of Helmholtzzentrum für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (HZB) and University of Kassel, Hahn Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Piotr Kuświk
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Smoluchowskiego 17, Poznań, 60-179, Poland
| | - Arno Ehresmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, D-34132, Kassel, Germany
- Artificial Intelligence Methods for Experiment Design (AIM-ED), Joint Lab of Helmholtzzentrum für Materialien und Energie, Berlin (HZB) and University of Kassel, Hahn Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Ding M, Xiao X, Yang Y, Yao Z, Dong Z, Gao Q, Tian B. AND-Logic Cascade Rolling Circle Amplification for Optomagnetic Detection of Dual Target SARS-CoV-2 Sequences. Anal Chem 2024; 96:455-462. [PMID: 38123506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
DNA logic operations are accurate and specific molecular strategies that are appreciated in target multiplexing and intelligent diagnostics. However, most of the reported DNA logic operation-based assays lack amplifiers prior to logic operation, resulting in detection limits at the subpicomolar to nanomolar level. Herein, a homogeneous and isothermal AND-logic cascade amplification strategy is demonstrated for optomagnetic biosensing of two different DNA inputs corresponding to a variant of concern sequence (containing spike L452R) and a highly conserved sequence from SARS-CoV-2. With an "amplifiers-before-operator" configuration, two input sequences are recognized by different padlock probes for amplification reactions, which generate amplicons used, respectively, as primers and templates for secondary amplification, achieving the AND-logic operation. Cascade amplification products can hybridize with detection probes grafted onto magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), leading to hydrodynamic size increases and/or aggregation of MNPs. Real-time optomagnetic MNP analysis offers a detection limit of 8.6 fM with a dynamic detection range spanning more than 3 orders of magnitude. The accuracy, stability, and specificity of the system are validated by testing samples containing serum, salmon sperm, a single-nucleotide variant, and biases of the inputs. Clinical samples are tested with both quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and our approach, showing highly consistent measurement results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaozhou Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yulin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ziyang Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhuxin Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha 410008, China
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4
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Lee JJ, Fite MC, Imae T, Lee PF. Movements of Magnetite-Encapsulated Graphene Particles at Air-Water Interface and Their Cell Growths under Dynamic Magnetic Field. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2806. [PMID: 37887956 PMCID: PMC10609515 DOI: 10.3390/nano13202806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The motion of magnetic particles under magnetic fields is an object to be solved in association with basic and practical phenomena. Movement phenomena of magnetite-encapsulated graphene particles at air-water interfaces were evaluated by manufacturing a feedback control system of the magnetic field to cause the motion of particles due to magnetic torque. A homogeneous magnetic field was generated using two pairs of electromagnets located perpendicular to each other, which were connected to an electronic switch. The system influenced the translational movement and the self-rotational speed of magnetic particles located at a center on the surface of fluid media in a continuous duty cycle. Operating the particle at a remote control in the same duty cycle at the air-water surface, the short and elongated magnetic particles successfully rotated. In addition, the rotational speed of the curved particle was slower than that of the elongated particle. The results indicate that the translational and self-rotational movements of magnetite-encapsulated graphene particles at the air-water interface under the external magnetic field are size- and shape-dependent for the speed and the direction. A short magnetic particle was used as a target particle to rotate on cancer cell lines, aiming to study the advantage of this method to induce the growth of HeLa cells. It was monitored for up to 4 days with and without magnetic particles by checking the viability and morphology of cells before and after the electromagnetic treatment. As an outcome, the movement of magnetic particles reduced the number of biological cells, at least on HeLa cells, but it was inactive on the viability of HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ji Lee
- Lee Kong Chien Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Malaysia;
| | - Misganu Chewaka Fite
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Toyoko Imae
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Poh Foong Lee
- Lee Kong Chien Faculty of Engineering & Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Sungai Long, Bandar Sungai Long, Cheras, Kajang 43000, Malaysia;
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5
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Liu JF, Chen JH, Liao SH, Chen KL, Wei WC, Chen TY, Chieh JJ, Huang KW. Versatile and Accessible Magnetic Diagnosis Platform with Different Types of Magnetic Particles for Liquid and Solid Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10363. [PMID: 37373510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of liquid and solid biopsies by different instruments makes the clinic loading difficult in many aspects. Given the compositions of magnetic particles (MPs) with diverse characterizations and the innovative acoustic type of vibration sample magnetometer (VSM), the versatile, accessible magnetic diagnosis platform was proposed to meet clinical demands, such as low loading for multiple biopsies. In liquid biopsies of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) standard solutions and subject serums, molecular concentration was analyzed from saturation magnetization by the soft type of Fe3O4 MPs with AFP bioprobe coating. In the phantom mixture simulated as bounded MPs in tissue, the bounded MPs was evaluated from the area of the hysteresis loop by hard type of cobalt MPs without bio-probes coating. Not only a calibration curve was founded for many hepatic cell carcinoma stages, but also microscale images verified the Ms increase due to magnetic protein clusters, etc. Hence, its wide populations in clinics could be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Fang Liu
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jean-Hong Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsien Liao
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Lin Chen
- Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Wei
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jie Chieh
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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6
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Liu Y, Lin G, Medina-Sánchez M, Guix M, Makarov D, Jin D. Responsive Magnetic Nanocomposites for Intelligent Shape-Morphing Microrobots. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8899-8917. [PMID: 37141496 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
With the development of advanced biomedical theragnosis and bioengineering tools, smart and soft responsive microstructures and nanostructures have emerged. These structures can transform their body shape on demand and convert external power into mechanical actions. Here, we survey the key advances in the design of responsive polymer-particle nanocomposites that led to the development of smart shape-morphing microscale robotic devices. We overview the technological roadmap of the field and highlight the emerging opportunities in programming magnetically responsive nanomaterials in polymeric matrixes, as magnetic materials offer a rich spectrum of properties that can be encoded with various magnetization information. The use of magnetic fields as a tether-free control can easily penetrate biological tissues. With the advances in nanotechnology and manufacturing techniques, microrobotic devices can be realized with the desired magnetic reconfigurability. We emphasize that future fabrication techniques will be the key to bridging the gaps between integrating sophisticated functionalities of nanoscale materials and reducing the complexity and footprints of microscale intelligent robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Gungun Lin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mariana Medina-Sánchez
- Micro- and NanoBiomedical Engineering Group (MNBE), Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Chair of Micro- and NanoSystems, Center for Molecular Bioengineering (B CUBE), Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Guix
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Denys Makarov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V., Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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7
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Suwa M, Tsukahara S, Watarai H. Applications of magnetic and electromagnetic forces in micro-analytical systems. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1097-1127. [PMID: 36636900 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Novel applications of magnetic fields in analytical chemistry have become a remarkable trend in the last two decades. Various magnetic forces have been employed for the migration, orientation, manipulation, and trapping of microparticles, and new analytical platforms for separating and detecting molecules have been proposed. Magnetic materials such as functional magnetic nanoparticles, magnetic nanocomposites, and specially designed magnetic solids and liquids have also been developed for analytical purposes. Numerous attractive applications of magnetic and electromagnetic forces on magnetic and non-magnetic materials have been studied, but fundamental studies to understand the working principles of magnetic forces have been challenging. These studies will form a new field of magneto-analytical science, which should be developed as an interdisciplinary field. In this review, essential pioneering works and recent attractive developments are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suwa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - S Tsukahara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - H Watarai
- R3 Institute for Newly-Emerging Science Design, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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8
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Wu Y, Yakov S, Fu A, Yossifon G. A Magnetically and Electrically Powered Hybrid Micromotor in Conductive Solutions: Synergistic Propulsion Effects and Label-Free Cargo Transport and Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204931. [PMID: 36507618 PMCID: PMC10015886 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrically powered micro- and nanomotors are promising tools for in vitro single-cell analysis. In particular, single cells can be trapped, transported, and electroporated by a Janus particle (JP) using an externally applied electric field. However, while dielectrophoretic (DEP)-based cargo manipulation can be achieved at high-solution conductivity, electrical propulsion of these micromotors becomes ineffective at solution conductivities exceeding ≈0.3 mS cm-1 . Here, JP cargo manipulation and transport capabilities to conductive near-physiological (<6 mS cm-1 ) solutions are extended successfully by combining magnetic field-based micromotor propulsion and navigation with DEP-based manipulation of various synthetic and biological cargos. Combination of a rotating magnetic field and electric field results in enhanced micromotor mobility and steering control through tuning of the electric field frequency. In addition, the micromotor's ability of identifying apoptotic cell among viable and necrotic cells based on their dielectrophoretic difference is demonstrated, thus, enabling to analyze the apoptotic status in the single-cell samples for drug discovery, cell therapeutics, and immunotherapy. The ability to trap and transport live cells towards regions containing doxorubicin-loaded liposomes is also demonstrated. This hybrid micromotor approach for label-free trapping, transporting, and sensing of selected cells within conductive solutions opens new opportunities in drug delivery and single-cell analysis, where close-to-physiological media conditions are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Tel‐AvivTel‐Aviv69978Israel
| | - Sivan Yakov
- Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringMicro‐ and Nanofluidics LaboratoryTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel
| | - Afu Fu
- Technion Integrated Cancer CenterThe Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research InstituteTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3109602Israel
| | - Gilad Yossifon
- School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Tel‐AvivTel‐Aviv69978Israel
- Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringMicro‐ and Nanofluidics LaboratoryTechnion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel
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9
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Suzuki M, Kawai S, Shee CF, Yamada R, Uchida S, Yasukawa T. Development of a simultaneous electrorotation device with microwells for monitoring the rotation rates of multiple single cells upon chemical stimulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:692-701. [PMID: 36355051 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00627h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, we described a unique simultaneous electrorotation (ROT) device for monitoring the rotation rate of Jurkat cells via chemical stimulation without fluorescent labeling and an algorithm for estimating cell rotation rates. The device comprised two pairs of interdigitated array electrodes that were stacked orthogonally through a 20 μm-thick insulating layer with rectangular microwells. Four microelectrodes (two were patterned on the bottom of the microwells and the other two on the insulating layer) were arranged on each side of the rectangular microwells. The cells, which were trapped in the microwells, underwent ROT when AC voltages were applied to the four microelectrodes to generate a rotating electric field. These microwells maintained the cells even in fluid flows. Thereafter, the ROT rates of the trapped cells were estimated and monitored during the stimulation. We demonstrated the feasibility of estimating the chemical efficiency of cells by monitoring the ROT rates of the cells. After introducing a Jurkat cell suspension into the device, the cells were subjected to ROT by applying an AC signal. Further, the rotating cells were chemically stimulated by adding an ionomycin (a calcium ionophore)-containing aliquot. The ROT rate of the ionomycin-stimulated cells decreased gradually to 90% of the initial rate after 30 s. The ROT rate was reduced by an increase in membrane capacitance. Thus, our device enabled the simultaneous chemical stimulation-induced monitoring of the alterations in the membrane capacitances of many cells without fluorescent labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.
- Advanced Medical Engineering Research Institute, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shikiho Kawai
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Chean Fei Shee
- Department of Advanced Information Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoga Yamada
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Seiichi Uchida
- Department of Advanced Information Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yasukawa
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan.
- Advanced Medical Engineering Research Institute, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
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10
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Huang Z, Li J, Zhong H, Tian B. Nucleic acid amplification strategies for volume-amplified magnetic nanoparticle detection assay. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:939807. [PMID: 36032733 PMCID: PMC9399362 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.939807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be quantified based on their magnetic relaxation properties by volumetric magnetic biosensing strategies, for example, alternating current susceptometry. Volume-amplified magnetic nanoparticle detection assays (VAMNDAs) employ analyte-initiated nucleic acid amplification (NAA) reactions to increase the hydrodynamic size of MNP labels for magnetic sensing, achieving attomolar to picomolar detection limits. VAMNDAs offer rapid and user-friendly analysis of nucleic acid targets but present inherence defects determined by the chosen amplification reactions and sensing principles. In this mini-review, we summarize more than 30 VAMNDA publications and classify their detection models for NAA-induced MNP size increases, highlighting the performances of different linear, cascade, and exponential NAA strategies. For some NAA strategies that have not yet been reported in VAMNDA, we predicted their performances based on the reaction kinetics and feasible detection models. Finally, challenges and perspectives are given, which may hopefully inspire and guide future VAMNDA studies.
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11
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Mostarac D, Kantorovich SS. Rheology of a Nanopolymer Synthesized through Directional Assembly of DNA Nanochambers, for Magnetic Applications. Macromolecules 2022; 55:6462-6473. [PMID: 35966117 PMCID: PMC9367010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We present a numerical study of the effects of monomer
shape and
magnetic nature of colloids on the behavior of a single magnetic filament
subjected to the simultaneous action of shear flow and a stationary
external magnetic field perpendicular to the flow. We find that based
on the magnetic nature of monomers, magnetic filaments exhibit a completely
different phenomenology. Applying an external magnetic field strongly
inhibits tumbling only for filaments with ferromagnetic monomers.
Filament orientation with respect to the flow direction is in this
case independent of monomer shape. In contrast, reorientational dynamics
in filaments with superparamagnetic monomers are not inhibited by
applied magnetic fields, but enhanced. We find that the filaments
with spherical, superparamagnetic monomers, depending on the flow
and external magnetic field strength, assume semipersistent, collapsed,
coiled conformations, and their characteristic time of tumbling is
a function of field strength. However, external magnetic fields do
not affect the characteristic time of tumbling for filaments with
cubic, superparamagnetic monomers, but increase how often tumbling
occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Mostarac
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform MMM Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sofia S. Kantorovich
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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12
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13
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Xiao X, Yuan C, Li T, Fock J, Svedlindh P, Tian B. Optomagnetic biosensors: Volumetric sensing based on magnetic actuation-induced optical modulations. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 215:114560. [PMID: 35841765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In comparison to alternative nanomaterials, magnetic micron/nano-sized particles show unique advantages, e.g., easy manipulation, stable signal, and high contrast. By applying magnetic actuation, magnetic particles exert forces on target objects for highly selective operation even in non-purified samples. We herein describe a subgroup of magnetic biosensors, namely optomagnetic biosensors, which employ alternating magnetic fields to generate periodic movements of magnetic labels. The optical modulation induced by the dynamics of magnetic labels is then analyzed by photodetectors, providing information of, e.g., hydrodynamic size changes of the magnetic labels. Optomagnetic sensing mechanisms can suppress the noise (by performing lock-in detection), accelerate the reaction (by magnetic force-enhanced molecular collision), and facilitate homogeneous/volumetric detection. Moreover, optomagnetic sensing can be performed using a low magnetic field (<10 mT) without sophisticated light sources or pickup coils, further enhancing its applicability for point-of-care tests. This review concentrates on optomagnetic biosensing techniques of different concepts classified by the magnetic actuation strategy, i.e., magnetic field-enhanced agglutination, rotating magnetic field-based particle rotation, and oscillating magnetic field-induced Brownian relaxation. Optomagnetic sensing principles applied with different actuation strategies are introduced as well. For each representative optomagnetic biosensor, a simple immunoassay strategy-based application is introduced (if possible) for methodological comparison. Thereafter, challenges and perspectives are discussed, including minimization of nonspecific binding, on-chip integration, and multiplex detection, all of which are key requirements in point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Chuqi Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jeppe Fock
- Blusense Diagnostics ApS, Fruebjergvej 3, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Svedlindh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 35, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, 410013, China.
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14
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Borga P, Milesi F, Peserico N, Groppi C, Damin F, Sola L, Piedimonte P, Fincato A, Sampietro M, Chiari M, Melloni A, Bertacco R. Active Opto-Magnetic Biosensing with Silicon Microring Resonators. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3292. [PMID: 35590981 PMCID: PMC9105977 DOI: 10.3390/s22093292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Integrated optical biosensors are gaining increasing attention for their exploitation in lab-on-chip platforms. The standard detection method is based on the measurement of the shift of some optical quantity induced by the immobilization of target molecules at the surface of an integrated optical element upon biomolecular recognition. However, this requires the acquisition of said quantity over the whole hybridization process, which can take hours, during which any external perturbation (e.g., temperature and mechanical instability) can seriously affect the measurement and contribute to a sizeable percentage of invalid tests. Here, we present a different assay concept, named Opto-Magnetic biosensing, allowing us to optically measure off-line (i.e., post hybridization) tiny variations of the effective refractive index seen by microring resonators upon immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles labelling target molecules. Bound magnetic nanoparticles are driven in oscillation by an external AC magnetic field and the corresponding modulation of the microring transfer function, due to the effective refractive index dependence on the position of the particles above the ring, is recorded using a lock-in technique. For a model system of DNA biomolecular recognition we reached a lowest detected concentration on the order of 10 pm, and data analysis shows an expected effective refractive index variation limit of detection of 7.5×10-9 RIU, in a measurement time of just a few seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Borga
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Francesca Milesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Nicola Peserico
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Groppi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Francesco Damin
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Sola
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Paola Piedimonte
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Marco Sampietro
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Marcella Chiari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Andrea Melloni
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Riccardo Bertacco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
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15
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Spatial Manipulation of Particles and Cells at Micro- and Nanoscale via Magnetic Forces. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060950. [PMID: 35326401 PMCID: PMC8946034 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of magnetic micro- and nanoparticles for applications in biomedical technology is widely recognised. Many of these applications, including tissue engineering, cell sorting, biosensors, drug delivery, and lab-on-chip devices, require remote manipulation of magnetic objects. High-gradient magnetic fields generated by micromagnets in the range of 103–105 T/m are sufficient for magnetic forces to overcome other forces caused by viscosity, gravity, and thermal fluctuations. In this paper, various magnetic systems capable of generating magnetic fields with required spatial gradients are analysed. Starting from simple systems of individual magnets and methods of field computation, more advanced magnetic microarrays obtained by lithography patterning of permanent magnets are introduced. More flexible field configurations can be formed with the use of soft magnetic materials magnetised by an external field, which allows control over both temporal and spatial field distributions. As an example, soft magnetic microwires are considered. A very attractive method of field generation is utilising tuneable domain configurations. In this review, we discuss the force requirements and constraints for different areas of application, emphasising the current challenges and how to overcome them.
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16
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Arshavsky-Graham S, Segal E. Lab-on-a-Chip Devices for Point-of-Care Medical Diagnostics. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [PMID: 32435872 DOI: 10.1007/10_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the need to move from traditional lab-centralized diagnostics to point-of-care (PoC) settings. Lab-on-a-chip (LoC) platforms facilitate the translation to PoC settings via the miniaturization, portability, integration, and automation of multiple assay functions onto a single chip. For this purpose, paper-based assays and microfluidic platforms are currently being extensively studied, and much focus is being directed towards simplifying their design while simultaneously improving multiplexing and automation capabilities. Signal amplification strategies are being applied to improve the performance of assays with respect to both sensitivity and selectivity, while smartphones are being integrated to expand the analytical power of the technology and promote its accessibility. In this chapter, we review the main technologies in the field of LoC platforms for PoC medical diagnostics and survey recent approaches for improving these assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Arshavsky-Graham
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
- The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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17
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Sridhar A, Kapoor A, Kumar PS, Ponnuchamy M, Sivasamy B, Vo DVN. Lab-on-a-chip technologies for food safety, processing, and packaging applications: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2021; 20:901-927. [PMID: 34803553 PMCID: PMC8590809 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The advent of microfluidic systems has led to significant developments in lab-on-a-chip devices integrating several functions onto a single platform. Over the years, these miniature devices have become a promising tool for faster analytical testing, displaying high precision and efficiency. Nonetheless, most microfluidic systems are not commercially available. Research is actually undergoing on the application of these devices in environmental, food, biomedical, and healthcare industries. The lab-on-a-chip industry is predicted to grow annually by 20%. Here, we review the use of lab-on-a-chip devices in the food sector. We present fabrication technologies and materials to developing lab-on-a-chip devices. We compare electrochemical, optical, colorimetric, chemiluminescence and biological methods for the detection of pathogens and microorganisms. We emphasize emulsion processing, food formulation, nutraceutical development due to their promising characteristics. Last, smart packaging technologies like radio frequency identification and indicators are highlighted because they allow better product identification and traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Sridhar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, The University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT UK
| | - Ashish Kapoor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, 603110 India
| | - Muthamilselvi Ponnuchamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Balasubramanian Sivasamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641407 India
| | - Dai-Viet Nguyen Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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18
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Translatory and rotatory motion of exchange-bias capped Janus particles controlled by dynamic magnetic field landscapes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21794. [PMID: 34750449 PMCID: PMC8575999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Janus particles (MJPs), fabricated by covering a non-magnetic spherical particle with a hemispherical magnetic in-plane exchange-bias layer system cap, display an onion magnetization state for comparably large diameters of a few microns. In this work, the motion characteristics of these MJPs will be investigated when they are steered by a magnetic field landscape over prototypical parallel-stripe domains, dynamically varied by superposed external magnetic field pulse sequences, in an aqueous medium. We demonstrate, that due to the engineered magnetization state in the hemispherical cap, a comparably fast, directed particle transport and particle rotation can be induced. Additionally, by modifying the frequency of the applied pulse sequence and the strengths of the individual field components, we observe a possible separation between a combined or an individual occurrence of these two types of motion. Our findings bear importance for lab-on-a-chip systems, where particle immobilization on a surface via analyte bridges shall be used for low concentration analyte detection and a particle rotation over a defined position of a substrate may dramatically increase the immobilization (and therefore analyte detection) probability.
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19
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Asgeirsson DO, Christiansen MG, Valentin T, Somm L, Mirkhani N, Nami AH, Hosseini V, Schuerle S. 3D magnetically controlled spatiotemporal probing and actuation of collagen networks from a single cell perspective. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3850-3862. [PMID: 34505607 PMCID: PMC8507888 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00657f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cells continuously sense and react to mechanical cues from their surrounding matrix, which consists of a fibrous network of biopolymers that influences their fate and behavior. Several powerful methods employing magnetic control have been developed to assess the micromechanical properties within extracellular matrix (ECM) models hosting cells. However, many of these are limited to in-plane sensing and actuation, which does not allow the matrix to be probed within its full 3D context. Moreover, little attention has been given to factors specific to the model ECM systems that can profoundly influence the cells contained there. Here we present methods to spatiotemporally probe and manipulate extracellular matrix networks at the scale relevant to cells using magnetic microprobes (μRods). Our techniques leverage 3D magnetic field generation, physical modeling, and image analysis to examine and apply mechanical stimuli to fibrous collagen matrices. We determined shear moduli ranging between hundreds of Pa to tens of kPa and modeled the effects of proximity to rigid surfaces and local fiber densification. We analyzed the spatial extent and dynamics of matrix deformation produced in response to magnetic torques on the order of 10 pNm, deflecting fibers over an area spanning tens of micrometers. Finally, we demonstrate 3D actuation and pose extraction of fluorescently labelled μRods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne O Asgeirsson
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael G Christiansen
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Valentin
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Somm
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nima Mirkhani
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Amin Hosseini Nami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Simone Schuerle
- Responsive Biomedical Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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20
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Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as powerful sorbents and stationary phases for the extraction and chromatographic applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Pohanka M. Biosensors and Bioanalytical Devices based on Magnetic Particles: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2828-2841. [PMID: 32744958 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200730213721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic particles play an important role in current technology, and this field of technology extends to a broader progression. The term magnetic particles typically cover the paramagnetic particles and super-paramagnetic particles. Various materials like iron oxide are common, but other materials are available as well; a survey of such materials has been included in this work. They can serve for technological purposes like separation and isolation of chemical products or toxic waste, their use in the diagnosis of pathologies, drug delivery and other similar applications. In this review, biosensors, bioanalytical devices and bioassays, have been discussed. Materials for magnetic particles preparation, methods of assay, biosensors and bioassays working in stationary as well as flow-through arrangements are described here. A survey of actual literature has been provided as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pohanka
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove CZ-50001, Czech Republic
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22
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Raj V, Jagadish C, Gautam V. Understanding, engineering, and modulating the growth of neural networks: An interdisciplinary approach. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:021303. [PMID: 38505122 PMCID: PMC10903502 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
A deeper understanding of the brain and its function remains one of the most significant scientific challenges. It not only is required to find cures for a plethora of brain-related diseases and injuries but also opens up possibilities for achieving technological wonders, such as brain-machine interface and highly energy-efficient computing devices. Central to the brain's function is its basic functioning unit (i.e., the neuron). There has been a tremendous effort to understand the underlying mechanisms of neuronal growth on both biochemical and biophysical levels. In the past decade, this increased understanding has led to the possibility of controlling and modulating neuronal growth in vitro through external chemical and physical methods. We provide a detailed overview of the most fundamental aspects of neuronal growth and discuss how researchers are using interdisciplinary ideas to engineer neuronal networks in vitro. We first discuss the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms of neuronal growth as we stress the fact that the biochemical or biophysical processes during neuronal growth are not independent of each other but, rather, are complementary. Next, we discuss how utilizing these fundamental mechanisms can enable control over neuronal growth for advanced neuroengineering and biomedical applications. At the end of this review, we discuss some of the open questions and our perspectives on the challenges and possibilities related to controlling and engineering the growth of neuronal networks, specifically in relation to the materials, substrates, model systems, modulation techniques, data science, and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidur Raj
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | | | - Vini Gautam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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23
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Nikitin AA, Yurenya AY, Zatsepin TS, Aparin IO, Chekhonin VP, Majouga AG, Farle M, Wiedwald U, Abakumov MA. Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Tool for Remote DNA Manipulations at a Single-Molecule Level. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14458-14469. [PMID: 33740372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Remote control of cells and single molecules by magnetic nanoparticles in nonheating external magnetic fields is a perspective approach for many applications such as cancer treatment and enzyme activity regulation. However, the possibility and mechanisms of direct effects of small individual magnetic nanoparticles on such processes in magneto-mechanical experiments still remain unclear. In this work, we have shown remote-controlled mechanical dissociation of short DNA duplexes (18-60 bp) under the influence of nonheating low-frequency alternating magnetic fields using individual 11 nm magnetic nanoparticles. The developed technique allows (1) simultaneous manipulation of millions of individual DNA molecules and (2) evaluation of energies of intermolecular interactions in short DNA duplexes or in other molecules. Finally, we have shown that DNA duplexes dissociation is mediated by mechanical stress and produced by the movement of magnetic nanoparticles in magnetic fields, but not by local overheating. The presented technique opens a new avenue for high-precision manipulation of DNA and generation of biosensors for quantification of energies of intermolecular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey A Nikitin
- National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Moscow 119049, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anton Yu Yurenya
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Timofei S Zatsepin
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Ilya O Aparin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Chekhonin
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Alexander G Majouga
- National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Moscow 119049, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Michael Farle
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Ulf Wiedwald
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg 47057, Germany
| | - Maxim A Abakumov
- National University of Science and Technology (MISIS), Moscow 119049, Russia
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
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24
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Leon F, Pinchon E, Temurok N, Morvan F, Vasseur JJ, Clot M, Foulongne V, Cantaloube JF, Vande Perre P, Molès JP, Daynès A, Fournier-Wirth C. Diagnostic Performance of a Magnetic Field-Enhanced Agglutination Readout in Detecting Either Viral Genomes or Host Antibodies in Arbovirus Infection. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040674. [PMID: 33805173 PMCID: PMC8064388 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbovirus diagnostics on blood from donors and travelers returning from endemic areas is increasingly important for better patient management and epidemiological surveillance. We developed a flexible approach based on a magnetic field-enhanced agglutination (MFEA) readout to detect either genomes or host-derived antibodies. Dengue viruses (DENVs) were selected as models. For genome detection, a pan-flavivirus amplification was performed before capture of biotinylated amplicons between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) grafted with DENV probes and anti-biotin antibodies. Magnetization cycles accelerated this chaining process to within 5 min while simple turbidimetry measured the signal. This molecular MFEA readout was evaluated on 43 DENV RNA(+) and 32 DENV RNA(−) samples previously screened by real-time RT-PCR. The sensitivity and the specificity were 88.37% (95% CI, 78.76%–97.95%) and 96.87% (95% CI, 90.84%–100%), respectively. For anti-DENV antibody detection, 103 plasma samples from donors were first screened using ELISA assays. An immunological MFEA readout was then performed by adding MNPs grafted with viral antigens to the samples. Anti-DENV antibodies were detected with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.62% (95% CI, 83.50%–97.76%) and 97.44% (95% CI, 92.48%–100%), respectively. This adaptable approach offers flexibility to platforms dedicated to the screening of emerging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Leon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Elena Pinchon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Nevzat Temurok
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (F.M.); (J.-J.V.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (F.M.); (J.-J.V.)
| | - Martine Clot
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Jean-François Cantaloube
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Philippe Vande Perre
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Aurélien Daynès
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-467616457
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25
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van der Heijden TWG, Read DJ, Harlen OG, van der Schoot P, Harris SA, Storm C. Combined Force-Torque Spectroscopy of Proteins by Means of Multiscale Molecular Simulation. Biophys J 2020; 119:2240-2250. [PMID: 33121942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing the structural properties of large proteins is important to gain an understanding of their function in, e.g., biological systems or biomedical applications. We propose a method to examine the mechanical properties of proteins subject to applied forces by means of multiscale simulation. Both stretching and torsional forces are considered, and these may be applied independently of each other. As a proof of principle, we apply torsional forces to a coarse-grained continuum model of the antibody protein immunoglobulin G using fluctuating finite element analysis and use it to identify the area of strongest deformation. This region is essential to the torsional properties of the molecule as a whole because it represents the softest, most deformable domain. Zooming in, this part of the molecule is subjected to torques and stretching forces using molecular dynamics simulations on an atomistically resolved level to investigate its torsional properties. We calculate the torsional resistance as a function of the rotation of the domain while subjecting it to various stretching forces. From this, we assess how the measured twist-torque profiles develop with increasing stretching force and show that they exhibit torsion stiffening, in qualitative agreement with experimental findings. We argue that combining the twist-torque profiles for various stretching forces effectively results in a combined force-torque spectroscopy analysis, which may serve as a mechanical signature for a biological macromolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel J Read
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver G Harlen
- School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Paul van der Schoot
- Theory of Polymers and Soft Matter, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, Universiteit Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah A Harris
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelis Storm
- Theory of Polymers and Soft Matter, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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26
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Pinchon E, Leon F, Temurok N, Morvan F, Vasseur JJ, Clot M, Foulongne V, Cantaloube JF, Perre PV, Daynès A, Molès JP, Fournier-Wirth C. Rapid and specific DNA detection by magnetic field-enhanced agglutination assay. Talanta 2020; 219:121344. [PMID: 32887073 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The detection of DNA molecules by agglutination assays has suffered from a lack of specificity. The specificity can be improved by introducing a hybridization step with a specific probe. We developed a setting that captured biotinylated DNA targets between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) grafted with tetrathiolated probes and anti-biotin antibodies. The agglutination assay was enhanced using a series of magnetization cycles. This setting allowed to successfully detect a synthetic single stranded DNA with a sensitivity as low as 9 pM. We next adapted this setting to the detection of PCR products. We first developed an asymmetric pan-flavivirus amplification. Then, we demonstrated its ability to detect dengue virus with a limit of detection of 100 TCID50/mL. This magnetic field-enhanced agglutination assay is an endpoint readout, which benefits from the advantages of using nanoparticles that result in particular from a very reduced duration of the test; in our case it lasts less than 5 min. This approach provides a solution to develop new generation platforms for molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pinchon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Fanny Leon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Nevzat Temurok
- HORIBA Medical ABX SAS, Parc Euromedecine, Rue Du Caducée BP 7290, 34184, Montpellier, France.
| | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Martine Clot
- HORIBA Medical ABX SAS, Parc Euromedecine, Rue Du Caducée BP 7290, 34184, Montpellier, France.
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Jean-François Cantaloube
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Philippe Vande Perre
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Aurélien Daynès
- HORIBA Medical ABX SAS, Parc Euromedecine, Rue Du Caducée BP 7290, 34184, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des infections chroniques, EFS, Université de Montpellier, Inserm, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34 394 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
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27
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Shi Y, Ping J, Wu J, Chen H. Magnetic particles for integrated nucleic acid purification, amplification and detection without pipetting. Trends Analyt Chem 2020; 127:115912. [PMID: 32382202 PMCID: PMC7202819 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification based detection plays an important role in food safety, environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis. However, traditional nucleic acid detection process involves transferring liquid from one tube to another by pipetting. It requires trained persons, equipped labs and consumes lots of time. The ideal nucleic acid detection is integrated, closed, simplified and automated. Magnetic particles actuated by magnetic fields can efficiently adsorb nucleic acids and promote integrated nucleic acid assays without pipetting driven by pumps and centrifuges. We will comprehensively review magnetic particles assisted integrated system for nucleic acid detection and hope it can inspire further related study.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- FMR, ferromagnetic resonance
- GTC, guanidinium thiocyanate
- ICP-AES, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy
- IFAST, immiscible filtration assisted by surface tension
- Immiscible interface
- Integrated detection
- LAMP, loop-mediated isothermal amplification
- Magnetic particles
- Nucleic acid
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- POCT, point-of-care testing
- RPA, recombinase polymerase amplification
- SQUID, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- XRD, X-Ray diffraction
- qPCR, quantitative PCR
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Ya Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of on Site Processing Equipment for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbiol Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
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28
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Khizar S, Ben Halima H, Ahmad NM, Zine N, Errachid A, Elaissari A. Magnetic nanoparticles in microfluidic and sensing: From transport to detection. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1206-1224. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Khizar
- Université de Lyon LAGEP, UMR‐5007, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 5007 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918 Villeurbanne F‐69622 France
- Polymer Research Lab School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H‐12 Sector Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Hamdi Ben Halima
- Université de Lyon Institut des Science Analytiques UMR 5280, CNRS Université Lyon 1 ENS Lyon-5, rue de la Doua Villeurbanne F‐69100 France
| | - Nasir M. Ahmad
- Polymer Research Lab School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H‐12 Sector Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Nadia Zine
- Université de Lyon Institut des Science Analytiques UMR 5280, CNRS Université Lyon 1 ENS Lyon-5, rue de la Doua Villeurbanne F‐69100 France
| | - Abdelhamid Errachid
- Université de Lyon Institut des Science Analytiques UMR 5280, CNRS Université Lyon 1 ENS Lyon-5, rue de la Doua Villeurbanne F‐69100 France
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Université de Lyon LAGEP, UMR‐5007, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 5007 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918 Villeurbanne F‐69622 France
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29
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Zhang T, Meng J, Li S, Yu C, Li J, Wei C, Dai S. A Microfluidic Concentration Gradient Maker with Tunable Concentration Profiles by Changing Feed Flow Rate Ratios. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E284. [PMID: 32164167 PMCID: PMC7142998 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic chips-in which chemical or biological fluid samples are mixed into linear or nonlinear concentration distribution profiles-have generated enormous enthusiasm of their ability to develop patterns for drug release and their potential toxicology applications. These microfluidic devices have untapped potential for varying concentration patterns by the use of one single device or by easy-to-operate procedures. To address this challenge, we developed a soft-lithography-fabricated microfluidic platform that enabled one single device to be used as a concentration maker, which could generate linear, bell-type, or even S-type concentration profiles by tuning the feed flow rate ratios of each independent inlet. Here, we present an FFRR (feed flow rate ratio) adjustment approach to generate tens of types of concentration gradient profiles with one single device. To demonstrate the advantages of this approach, we used a Christmas-tree-like microfluidic chip as the demo. Its performance was analyzed using numerical simulation models and experimental investigations, and it showed an excellent time response (~10 s). With on-demand flow rate ratios, the FFRR microfluidic device could be used for many lab-on-a-chip applications where flexible concentration profiles are required for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiyu Meng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Shanshan Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- National Key Laboratory of Reliability and Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Chengzhuang Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Junwei Li
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Langfang 065000, China;
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Chunyang Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Shijie Dai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Robotic Sensing and Human-robot interactions, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300132, China; (T.Z.); (J.M.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
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30
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Lak A, Kahmann T, Schaper SJ, Obel J, Ludwig F, Müller-Buschbaum P, Lipfert J. The Dissociation Rate of Acetylacetonate Ligands Governs the Size of Ferrimagnetic Zinc Ferrite Nanocubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:217-226. [PMID: 31804796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles are critical to a broad range of applications from medical diagnostics and therapeutics to biotechnological processes and single-molecule manipulation. To advance these applications, facile and robust routes to synthesize highly magnetic nanoparticles over a wide size range are needed. Here, we demonstrate that changing the degassing temperature of thermal decomposition of metal acetylacetonate precursors from 90 to 25 °C tunes the size of ferrimagnetic ZnxFe3-xO4 nanocubes from 25 to 100 nm, respectively. We show that degassing at 90 °C nearly entirely removes acetylacetone ligands from the reaction, which results in an early formation of monomers and a reaction-controlled growth following LaMer's model toward small nanocubes. In contrast, degassing at 25 °C only partially dissociates acetylacetone ligands from the metal center and triggers a delayed formation of monomers, which leads to intermediate assembled structures made of tiny irregular crystallites and an eventual formation of large nanocubes via a diffusion-controlled growth mechanism. Using complementary techniques, we determine the substitution fraction x of Zn2+ to be in the range of 0.35-0.37. Our method reduces the complexity of the thermal decomposition method by narrowing the synthesis parameter space to a single physical parameter and enables fabrication of highly magnetic and uniform zinc ferrite nanocubes over a broad size range. The resulting particles are promising for a range of applications from magnetic fluid hyperthermia to actuation of macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidin Lak
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience , LMU Munich , Amalienstr. 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
| | - Tamara Kahmann
- Institute for Electrical Measurement Science and Fundamental Electrical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hans-Sommer-Str. 66 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Simon Jakob Schaper
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Jaroslava Obel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Analytical Division , LMU Munich , Butenandtstr. 5-13 , 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Frank Ludwig
- Institute for Electrical Measurement Science and Fundamental Electrical Engineering , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hans-Sommer-Str. 66 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik-Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Str. 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Jan Lipfert
- Department of Physics and Center for NanoScience , LMU Munich , Amalienstr. 54 , 80799 Munich , Germany
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31
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Arshavsky-Graham S, Segal E. Lab-on-a-Chip Devices for Point-of-Care Medical Diagnostics. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 179:247-265. [PMID: 32435872 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recent coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the need to move from traditional lab-centralized diagnostics to point-of-care (PoC) settings. Lab-on-a-chip (LoC) platforms facilitate the translation to PoC settings via the miniaturization, portability, integration, and automation of multiple assay functions onto a single chip. For this purpose, paper-based assays and microfluidic platforms are currently being extensively studied, and much focus is being directed towards simplifying their design while simultaneously improving multiplexing and automation capabilities. Signal amplification strategies are being applied to improve the performance of assays with respect to both sensitivity and selectivity, while smartphones are being integrated to expand the analytical power of the technology and promote its accessibility. In this chapter, we review the main technologies in the field of LoC platforms for PoC medical diagnostics and survey recent approaches for improving these assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Arshavsky-Graham
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Ester Segal
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. .,The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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32
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Schrittwieser S, Haslinger MJ, Mitteramskogler T, Mühlberger M, Shoshi A, Brückl H, Bauch M, Dimopoulos T, Schmid B, Schotter J. Multifunctional Nanostructures and Nanopocket Particles Fabricated by Nanoimprint Lithography. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1790. [PMID: 31888231 PMCID: PMC6956382 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces and nanoparticles are already widely employed in many different fields of research, and there is an ever-growing demand for reliable, reproducible and scalable nanofabrication methods. This is especially valid for multifunctional nanomaterials with physical properties that are tailored for specific applications. Here, we report on the fabrication of two types of nanomaterials. Specifically, we present surfaces comprising a highly uniform array of elliptical pillars as well as nanoparticles with the shape of nanopockets, possessing nano-cavities. The structures are fabricated by nanoimprint lithography, physical and wet-chemical etching and sputter deposition of thin films of various materials to achieve a multifunctional nanomaterial with defined optical and magnetic properties. We show that the nanopockets can be transferred to solution, yielding a nanoparticle dispersion. All fabrication steps are carefully characterized by microscopic and optical methods. Additionally, we show optical simulation results that are in good agreement with the experimentally obtained data. Thus, this versatile method allows to fabricate nanomaterials with specific tailor-made physical properties that can be designed by modelling prior to the actual fabrication process. Finally, we discuss possible application areas of these nanomaterials, which range from biology and medicine to electronics, photovoltaics and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schrittwieser
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.S.); (J.S.)
| | | | | | | | - Astrit Shoshi
- Department for Integrated Sensor Systems, Danube University Krems, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria; (A.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Hubert Brückl
- Department for Integrated Sensor Systems, Danube University Krems, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria; (A.S.); (H.B.)
| | - Martin Bauch
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Photovoltaic Systems, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.B.); (T.D.)
| | - Theodoros Dimopoulos
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Photovoltaic Systems, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.B.); (T.D.)
| | - Barbara Schmid
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Joerg Schotter
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Molecular Diagnostics, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (B.S.); (J.S.)
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33
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Scheepers MR, van IJzendoorn LJ, Prins MWJ. Single-Dimer Formation Rate Reveals Heterogeneous Particle Surface Reactivity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14272-14281. [PMID: 31607127 PMCID: PMC6836307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofunctionalized micro- and nanoparticles are important for a wide range of applications, but methodologies to measure, modulate, and model interactions between individual particles are scarce. Here, we describe a technique to measure the aggregation rate of two particles to a single dimer, by recording the trajectory that a particle follows on the surface of another particle as a function of time. The trajectory and the interparticle potential are controlled by a magnetic field. Particles were studied with and without conjugated antibodies in a wide range of pH conditions. The data shows that the aggregation process strongly depends on the particle surface charge density and hardly on the antibody surface coverage. Furthermore, microscopy videos of single particle dimers reveal the presence of reactive patches and thus heterogeneity in the particle surface reactivity. The aggregation rates measured with the single-dimer experiment are compared to data from an ensemble aggregation experiment. Quantitative agreement is obtained using a model that includes the influence of surface heterogeneity on particle aggregation. This single-dimer experiment clarifies how heterogeneities in particle reactivity play a role in colloidal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R.
W. Scheepers
- Department
of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, and Department of
Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - L. J. van IJzendoorn
- Department
of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, and Department of
Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. W. J. Prins
- Department
of Applied Physics, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, and Department of
Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University
of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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34
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Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Holban AM. Magnetic Particles for Advanced Molecular Diagnosis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2158. [PMID: 31284393 PMCID: PMC6651565 DOI: 10.3390/ma12132158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular diagnosis is the field that aims to develop nucleic-acid-based analytical methods for biological markers and gene expression assessments by combining laboratory medicine and molecular genetics. As it gradually becomes a clinical reality, molecular diagnosis could benefit from improvements resulting from thorough studies that could enhance the accuracy of these methods. The application of magnetic particles in molecular diagnosis tools has led to tremendous breakthroughs in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and discrimination in bioassays. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the principles involved in the implementation of magnetic particles for sample preparation and targeted analyte isolation, purification, and extraction. Furthermore, the most recent advancements in the area of cancer and infectious disease diagnosis are presented, with an emphasis on screening and early stage detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Chircov
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Alina Maria Holban
- Microbiology Immunology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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