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Ibnaouf KH, Alsadig A, Idriss H, Ibrahem MA, Cabrera H. Gold Nanoparticles Modulate Excimer and Exciplex Dynamics of PDDCP-Conjugated Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2420. [PMID: 39274052 PMCID: PMC11397708 DOI: 10.3390/polym16172420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
How plasmonic nanostructures modulate the behavior of exciplexes and excimers within materials remains unclear. Thus, advanced knowledge is essential to bridge this gap for the development of optoelectronic devices that leverage the interplay between plasmonic and conjugated polymer hybrid materials. Herein, this work aims to explore the role of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in modulating exciplex and excimer states within the conjugated polymer poly(2,5-di(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy) cyanoterephthalylidene) (PDDCP), known for its photoluminescent and semi-conductive properties, aiming to create innovative composite materials with tailored optical features. The spectral analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of AuNPs on the PDDCP, varying AuNP volume percentages to measure changes in the absorption profile, molar extinction coefficient (ε), absorption cross-section (σa), and optical bandgap (Eg). Fluorescence spectra of the mixture at different volume ratios were also examined to assess exciplex formation, while amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) profiles were analyzed to study the behavior and photochemical stability of the polymer-NP hybrid material. Increasing AuNP volume induced both blue and red shifts in the absorption profile of the PDDCP. Higher AuNPs concentrations correlated with decreased ε and σa, inversely impacting Eg. The emission spectra obtained at varied AuNP volume ratios indicated significantly enhanced exciplex and excimer formations. The ASE profiles remained consistent but showed reduced intensity with increasing AuNPs concentrations, indicating their influence on hybrid material behavior and stability. The findings suggest that AuNPs affect PDDCP's optical characteristics, altering the absorption profile, bandgap, and fluorescence spectra. Furthermore, the observed reduction in ASE intensity highlights their influence on the behavior and photochemical stability of the hybrid material. These results contribute to a better understanding of the versatile applications of plasmonic-conjugated hybrid polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid H Ibnaouf
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsadig
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Hajo Idriss
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moez A Ibrahem
- Physics Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humberto Cabrera
- Mlab, STI Unit, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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2
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Zhao X, Miao R, Xu T, Du X, Zhang X, Zhao W, Xie H, Zhang L, He J, Ma Z, Liu H. Changing Cinnamaldehyde Skeleton Achieves Antibacterial Nanoswitch. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:17838-17845. [PMID: 38556984 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Changeable substituent groups of organic molecules can provide an opportunity to clarify the antibacterial mechanism of organic molecules by tuning the electron cloud density of their skeleton. However, understanding the antibacterial mechanism of organic molecules is challenging. Herein, we reported a molecular view strategy for clarifying the antibacterial switch mechanism by tuning electron cloud density of cinnamaldehyde molecule skeleton. The cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives were self-assembled into nanosheets with excellent water solubility, respectively. The experimental results show that α-bromocinnamaldehyde (BCA) nanosheets exhibits unprecedented antibacterial activity, but there is no antibacterial activity for α-methylcinnamaldehyde nanosheets. Therefore, the BCA nanosheets and α-methylcinnamaldehyde nanosheets achieve an antibacterial switch. Theoretical calculations further confirmed that the electron-withdrawing substituent of the bromine atom leads to a lower electron cloud density of the aldehyde group than that of the electron-donor substituent of the methyl group at the α-position of the cinnamaldehyde skeleton, which is a key point in elucidating the antimicrobial switch mechanism. The excellent biocompatibility of BCA nanosheets was confirmed by CCK-8. The mouse wound infection model, H&E staining, and the crawling ability of drosophila larvae show that as-prepared BCA nanosheets are safe and promising for wound healing. This study provides a new strategy for the synthesis of low-cost organic nanomaterials with good biocompatibility. It is expected to expand the application of natural organic small molecule materials in antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ruoyan Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tianze Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaolong Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Research and Experiment Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wanyu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Huidong Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jianzheng He
- Research and Experiment Center, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhenhui Ma
- Department of Physics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
- Key Laboratory of Green and High-end Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
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El-Demerdash SH, Halim SA, El-Nahas AM, El-Meligy AB. A density functional theory study of the molecular structure, reactivity, and spectroscopic properties of 2-(2-mercaptophenyl)-1-azaazulene tautomers and rotamers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15626. [PMID: 37730839 PMCID: PMC10511447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Five stable tautomer and rotamers of the 2-(2-Mercaptophenyl)-1-azaazulene (thiol, thione, R1, R2, and R3) molecules were studied using density functional theory (DFT). The geometries of the studied tautomer and rotamers were fully optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. Thermodynamic calculations were performed at M06-2X/6-311G++(2d,2p) and ωB97XD/6-311G++(2d,2p) in the gas phase and ethanol solution conditions modeled by the solvation model based on density (SMD). The kinetic constant of tautomer and rotamers conversion was calculated in the temperature range 270-320 K using variational transition state theory (VTST) accompanied by one-dimensional wigner tunneling correction. Energy refinement at CCSD(T)/6-311++G(2d,2p) in the gas phase has been calculated. All the studied DFT methods qualitatively give similar tautomer stability orders in the gas phase. The ethanol solvent causes some reordering of the relative stability of 2-(2-Mercaptophenyl)-1-azaazulene conformers. The transition states for the 2-(2-Mercaptophenyl)-1-azaazulene tautomerization and rotamerization processes were also determined. The reactivity, electric dipole moment, and spectroscopic properties of the studied tautomer and rotamers were computed. The hyper-Rayleigh scattering (βHRS), and depolarization ratio (DR) exhibited promising optical properties when nonlinear optical properties were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safinaz H El-Demerdash
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa Abdel Halim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Nahas
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt
| | - Asmaa B El-Meligy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt.
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4
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Li T, Wu M, Wei Q, Xu D, He X, Wang J, Wu J, Chen L. Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Tumor Theranostics. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1943-1979. [PMID: 37083404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Water-dispersible conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) have demonstrated great capabilities in biological applications, such as in vitro cell/subcellular imaging and biosensing, or in vivo tissue imaging and disease treatment. In this review, we summarized the recent advances of CPNs used for tumor imaging and treatment during the past five years. CPNs with different structures, which have been applied to in vivo solid tumor imaging (fluorescence, photoacoustic, and dual-modal) and treatment (phototherapy, drug carriers, and synergistic therapy), are discussed in detail. We also demonstrated the potential of CPNs as cancer theranostic nanoplatforms. Finally, we discussed current challenges and outlooks in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Mengqi Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qidong Wei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Dingshi Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xuehan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jiasi Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511400, China
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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5
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Roushdy N, Badran AS, Halim SA, Farag A, Ibrahim MA. Production, optical characterization and DFT analysis of a nanofiber structure of a new pyridinylcarbonylquinoline: Synthesis and photovoltaic application. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Synthesis, Structure Investigation, DFT Analysis And Dielectric Characterization of Substituted Pyridinylidenepropanedinitrile (CMHQCPP) Nanostructure: Novel Approach. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02276-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Duah IK, Khaligh A, Koç A, Başaran DDA, Tuncel D. Porphyrin cross‐linked conjugated polymer nanoparticles‐based photosensitizer for antimicrobial and anticancer photodynamic therapies. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aisan Khaligh
- Department of Chemistry Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM) Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Ahmet Koç
- Department of Chemistry Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Duygu Deniz Akolpoğlu Başaran
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM) Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
| | - Dönüs Tuncel
- Department of Chemistry Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM) Bilkent University Ankara Turkey
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8
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Synthesis, structure investigation, DFT analysis, optical, and photoelectrical properties of 9-bromo-3-hydroxychromeno[4,3-b]pyrazolo[4,3-e]pyridin-5(1H)-one (BHCPP). RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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9
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Li S, Bobbala S, Vincent MP, Modak M, Liu Y, Scott EA. Pi-stacking Enhances Stability, Scalability of Formation, Control over Flexibility and Circulation Time of Polymeric Filaments. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021; 1:2100063. [PMID: 34870281 PMCID: PMC8635300 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembling filomicelles (FM) are of great interest to nanomedicine due to their structural flexibility, extensive systemic circulation time, and amenability to unique "cylinder-to-sphere" morphological transitions. However, current fabrication techniques for FM self-assembly are highly variable and difficult to scale. Here, we demonstrate that tetrablock copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(propylene sulfide) (PEG-b-PPS) diblocks linked by a pi-stacking perylene bisimide (PBI) moiety permit rapid, scalable, and facile assembly of FM via the flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) method. Co-assembling the tetrablocks and PEG-b-PPS diblocks at different molar ratios resulted in mixed PBI-containing FM (mPBI-FM) with tunable length and flexibility. The flexibility of mPBI-FM can be optimized to decrease uptake by macrophages in vivo, leading to increased circulation time versus (-)PBI-FM without PBI tetrablocks after intravenous administration in mice. While PEG-b-PPS diblocks form FM within a narrow range of hydrophilic weight fractions, incorporation of pi-stacking PBI groups expanded this range to increase favorability of FM assembly. Furthermore, the aggregation-dependent fluorescence of PBI shifted during oxidation-induced "cylinder-to-sphere" transitions of mPBI-FM into micelles, resulting in a distinct emission wavelength for filamentous versus spherical nanostructures. Thus, incorporation of pi-stacking allows for rapid, scalable assembly of FM with tunable flexibility and stability for theranostic and nanomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sharan Bobbala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Michael P Vincent
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Mallika Modak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yugang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Evan A Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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10
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Pluronic stabilized conjugated polymer nanoparticles for NIR fluorescence imaging and dual phototherapy applications. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Ibrahim SM, Halim SA. Novel SnZr oxides nanomaterials synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method: Application in biodiesel production and DFT study. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Alfonso-Hernandez L, Oldani N, Athanasopoulos S, Lupton JM, Tretiak S, Fernandez-Alberti S. Photoinduced Energy Transfer in Linear Guest-Host Chromophores: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5303-5313. [PMID: 34106721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-based guest-host systems represent a promising class of materials for efficient light-emitting diodes. The energy transfer from the polymer host to the guest is the key process in light generation. Therefore, microscopic descriptions of the different mechanisms involved in the energy transfer can contribute to enlighten the basis of the highly efficient light harvesting observed in this kind of materials. Herein, the nature of intramolecular energy transfer in a dye-end-capped conjugated polymer is explored by using atomistic nonadiabatic excited-state molecular dynamics. Linear perylene end-capped (PEC) polyindenofluorenes (PIF), consisting of n (n = 2, 4, and 6) repeat units, i.e., PEC-PIFn oligomers, are considered as model systems. After photoexcitation at the oligomer absorption maximum, an initial exciton becomes self-trapped on one of the monomer units (donors). Thereafter, an efficient ultrafast through-space energy transfer from this unit to the perylene acceptor takes place. We observe that this energy transfer occurs equally well from any monomer unit on the chain. Effective specific vibronic couplings between each monomer and the acceptor are identified. These oligomer → end-cap energy transfer steps do not match with the rates predicted by Förster-type energy transfer. The through-space and through-bond mechanisms are two distinct channels of energy transfer. The former dominates the overall process, whereas the through-bond energy transfer between indenofluorene monomer units along the oligomer backbone only makes a minor contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alfonso-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - N Oldani
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
| | - S Athanasopoulos
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Lupton
- Institut für Angewandte und Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Center for Nonlinear Studies (CNLS), and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - S Fernandez-Alberti
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, B1876BXD Bernal, Argentina
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13
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Zhang H, Guo L, Wang Y, Feng L. Molecular engineering to boost the photothermal effect of conjugated oligomer nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2137-2145. [PMID: 33496696 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02094j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy has great potential in the treatment of diseases; however, the photothermal property is a key factor limiting the therapeutic effect of photothermal materials. Most strategies to improve the photothermal performance of photothermal materials focus on increasing their photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) by promoting the non-radiative transition process. However, a strong ability to absorb light is also a significant factor to enhance the photothermal performance of materials because it determines the amount of acquired energy to transform to heat. Therefore, in this work, we utilized molecular engineering to introduce ethynyl into the molecular structure of conjugated molecules to significantly enhance their ability to absorb light and improve their photothermal performance. The M2-NPs made of the conjugated oligomer named M2 with ethynyl exhibited a two-fold greater mass extinction coefficient (30.26 L g-1 cm-1) than that of nanoparticles M1-NPs with a similar structure but no ethynyl (15.34 L g-1 cm-1). Furthermore, M2-NPs could kill 97% of bacteria at a concentration of 7.0 μg mL-1, which is less than that of M1-NPs (13.0 μg mL-1). In addition, M2-NPs could successfully treat the infected wounds in mice with good biosafety. This provides a new idea for effectively improving the photothermal performance of photothermal materials via molecular design and inspires the further development of novel superior photothermal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P.R. China.
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14
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Kei P, Howell MT, Chavez CA, Mai JC, Do C, Hong K, Nesterov EE. Kinetically Controlled Formation of Semi-crystalline Conjugated Polymer Nanostructures. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kei
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Mitchell T. Howell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Carlos A. Chavez
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Joseph C. Mai
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Evgueni E. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
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15
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Neumann PR, Erdmann F, Holthof J, Hädrich G, Green M, Rao J, Dailey LA. Different PEG-PLGA Matrices Influence In Vivo Optical/Photoacoustic Imaging Performance and Biodistribution of NIR-Emitting π-Conjugated Polymer Contrast Agents. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001089. [PMID: 32864903 PMCID: PMC11469236 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The π-conjugated polymer poly[2,6-(4,4-bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b0]-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)] (PCPDTBT) with deep-red/near-infrared (NIR) absorption and emission has been investigated as a contrast agent for in vivo optical and photoacoustic imaging. PCPDTBT is encapsulated within poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG2kDa -PLGA4kDa or PEG5kDa -PLGA55kDa ) micelles or enveloped by the phospholipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (PEG2kDa -DPPE), to investigate the formulation effect on imaging performance, biodistribution, and biocompatibility. Nanoparticles that meet the quality requirements for parenteral administration are generated with similar physicochemical properties. Optical phantom imaging reveals that both PEG-PLGA systems exhibit a 30% higher signal-to-background ratio (SBR) than PEG2kDa -DPPE. This trend cannot be observed in a murine HeLa xenograft model following intravenous administration since dramatic differences in biodistribution are observed. PEG2kDa -PLGA4kDa systems accumulate more rapidly in the liver compared to other formulations and PEG2kDa -DPPE demonstrates a higher tumor localization. Protein content in the "hard" corona differs between formulations (PEG2kDa -DPPE < PEG2kDa -PLGA4kDa < PEG5kDa -PLGA55kDa ), although this observation alone does not explain biodistribution patterns. PEG2kDa -PLGA4kDa systems show the highest photoacoustic amplitude in a phantom, but also a lower signal in the tumor due to differences in biodistribution. This study demonstrates that formulations for conjugated polymer contrast agents can have significant impact on both imaging performance and biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Robert Neumann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg06120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Institute of PharmacyDepartment of PharmacologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg06120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Joost Holthof
- FUJIFILM VisualsonicsJoop Geesinkweg 140Amsterdam1114 ABThe Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Hädrich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmaceuticsMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐Wittenberg06120Halle (Saale)Germany
| | - Mark Green
- Department of PhysicsKing's College LondonLondonWC2R 2LSUK
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Department of Radiology and ChemistryStanford UniversityStanfordCA94305‐5484USA
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of ViennaVienna1090Austria
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16
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Ghosh S, Amariei G, Mosquera MEG, Rosal R. Conjugated polymer nanostructures displaying highly photoactivated antimicrobial and antibiofilm functionalities. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4390-4399. [PMID: 34018538 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00469g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the use of conjugated polymer nanostructures (CPNs) as photoactivated antimicrobial compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Two representative CPNs of polythiophene (PEDOT) and polyaniline (PANI) were prepared as nanofibres with an average diameter of 40 nm and length in the micrometer range. Both CPNs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity under UVA irradiation with the same fluence rate as the UVA component of the solar spectrum. The effect was tested using the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The reduction of colony forming units (CFUs) reached >6 log for PEDOT concentrations as low as 33 ng mL-1. For PEDOT nanofibers, a complete inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli growth was reached at 883 ng mL-1 and 333 ng mL-1 respectively. The photoactivation effect of PANI nanofibres on S. aureus and E. coli was also high, with a CFU reduction of about 7 log and 4 log respectively for an exposure concentration of 33 ng mL-1. The antimicrobial activity was only high under light irradiation and was almost negligible for bulk PEDOT and PANI. The effect of polymeric nanofibers could be attributed to the photoinduced generation of reactive oxygen species, which may induce cell membrane damage, eventually leading to bacterial impairment and inhibition of their biofilm forming capacity. CPN PEDOT and PANI coatings were able to keep surfaces free of bacterial attachment and growth even after 20 h of previous contact with exponentially growing cultures in the dark. PEDOT and PANI CPNs demonstrated good cytocompatibility with human fibroblasts and the absence of hemolytic activity. The materials demonstrated advantages in terms of broad antibacterial spectrum, biofilm inhibition, and the absence of acute toxicity for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srabanti Ghosh
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. and Energy Materials & Devices Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Georgiana Amariei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Research "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta E G Mosquera
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Research "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Research "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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17
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Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Ghosh G, Patra A. Implications of relaxation dynamics of collapsed conjugated polymeric nanoparticles for light-harvesting applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14549-14563. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01618k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the formation of nanoparticles (collapsed state) from the extended state of polymers and their ultrafast excited state relaxation dynamics are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Ghosh
- School of Materials Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Srijon Ghosh
- School of Materials Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- School of Materials Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Amitava Patra
- School of Materials Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology
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18
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Peterson GI, Yang S, Choi TL. Direct formation of nano-objects via in situ self-assembly of conjugated polymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01389g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of the polymer self-assembly method “in situ nanoparticlization of conjugated polymers” is discussed in this Perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory I. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
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19
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Celiker T, Suerkan A, Altinisik S, Akgun M, Koyuncu S, Yagci Y. Hollow microspherical carbazole-based conjugated polymers by photoinduced step-growth polymerization. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00822f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new photochemical approach for the synthesis of metal-free three-dimensional hollow spherical conjugated polymers is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Celiker
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Suerkan
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Altinisik
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Mert Akgun
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical Engineering, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, 34469, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Farag A, Halim SA, Roushdy N, Badran AS, Ibrahim MA. Facile synthesis and photodetection characteristics of novel nanostructured triazinyliminomethylpyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-based hybrid heterojunction. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Enhanced optical imaging properties of lipid nanocapsules as vehicles for fluorescent conjugated polymers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 154:297-308. [PMID: 32707286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) have emerged as highly photostable probes for optical and photoacoustic imaging. However, the aggregation of conjugated polymer (CP) molecules upon nanoparticle formation is associated with fluorescence quenching, poor yields and mutable particle sizes. This study investigated whether the CP encapsulation within the liquid midchain triglyceride (MCT) core of lipid nanocapsules (LNCs) may achieve reduced packing of CP chains leading to a stable system with enhanced optical features. The red- and near infrared-emitting CPs, CN-PPV and PCPDTBT, showed precipitation and aggregation-induced quenching with concentrations >~25 µg/mL in MCT alone. Despite this, CP encapsulation within LNCs abolished quenching at concentrations up to 1500 µg/mL. PCPDTBT-LNCs exhibited a quantum yield of 2.8% and a higher signal:background ratio in an optical imaging phantom compared to literature reports of PCPDTBT encapsulated in PEG-PLGA nanoparticles. In contrast, PCPDTBT-LNCs had slightly lower photoacoustic amplitudes than reported PEG-PLGA systems. CP-LNCs were also stable in size (32 ± 0.7 nm) and photoluminescence over 21 days at 4 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C. In summary, encapsulation of CP within the liquid core of lipid nanocapsules enhances the optical properties of fluorescent CP.
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22
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Celiker T, Kaya K, Koyuncu S, Yagci Y. Polypyrenes by Photoinduced Step-Growth Polymerization. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Celiker
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kerem Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Wang JTW, Martino U, Khan R, Bazzar M, Southern P, Tuncel D, Al-Jamal KT. Engineering red-emitting multi-functional nanocapsules for magnetic tumour targeting and imaging. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2590-2599. [PMID: 32238997 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00314j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work we describe the formulation and characterisation of red-emitting polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for magnetic tumour targeting. The self-fluorescent oligomers were synthesised and chemically conjugated to PLGA which was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Hydrophobic SPIONs were synthesised through thermal decomposition and their magnetic and heating properties were assessed by SQUID magnetometry and calorimetric measurements, respectively. Magnetic nanocapsules (m-NCs) were prepared by a single emulsification/solvent evaporation method. Their in vitro cytotoxicity was examined in CT26 colon cancer cells. The formulated fluorescent m-NCs showed good stability and biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo in CT 26 colon cancer models. Following intravenous injection, accumulation of m-NCs in tumours was observed by optical imaging. A higher iron content in the tumours exposed to a magnetic field, compared to the contralateral tumours without magnetic exposure in the same animal, further confirmed the magnetic tumour targeting in vivo. The overall results show that the engineered red-emitting m-NCs have great potential as multifunctional nanocarriers for multi-model bioimaging and magnetic-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tzu-Wen Wang
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
| | - Umberto Martino
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
| | - Rehan Khan
- Department of Chemistry and UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Centre, Bilkent University, Turkey.
| | - Maasoomeh Bazzar
- Department of Chemistry and UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Centre, Bilkent University, Turkey.
| | - Paul Southern
- UCL Healthcare and Biomagnetics Laboratories, Royal Institution of Great Britain, London, UK
| | - Dönüş Tuncel
- Department of Chemistry and UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Centre, Bilkent University, Turkey.
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King's College London, UK.
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24
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Kim J, Lee J, Lee TS. Size-dependent fluorescence of conjugated polymer dots and correlation with the fluorescence in solution and in the solid phase of the polymer. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:2492-2497. [PMID: 31916550 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09380j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three conjugated polymers (CPs) were synthesized to obtain CPs with the same backbone but with different compositions of repeat units (phenylene and benzoselenadiazole (BSD)). The dominant composition of phenylene units and a smaller amount of BSD in the CP backbone enabled the CPs to emit different fluorescence colors according to their condition (solution or solid), which was caused by the difference in intermolecular electron transfer between CP backbones. Inspired by this, we fabricated polymer dots (Pdots) with various sizes using the CPs to control the number of CP chains within a spherical Pdot. This implied that smaller Pdots, where the chance of intermolecular electron transfer would be at a minimum, would accommodate fewer polymer chains than larger ones. The minimum chance for intermolecular electron transfer resulted in a short-wavelength emission, which was the identical emission color encountered in liquid CP solution. A more frequent intermolecular electron transfer was expected in larger Pdots, exhibiting long-wavelength emission, which was the same as observed in solid CPs. White-light-emitting Pdots that showed Commission Internationale de 1'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.34, 0.31) were fabricated simply by controlling the Pdot size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongho Kim
- Organic and Optoelectronic Materials Laboratory, Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Division of Advanced Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea
| | - Taek Seung Lee
- Organic and Optoelectronic Materials Laboratory, Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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25
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Singh N, Kumar P, Kumar R, Aazam ES, Riaz U. Development of a near infrared novel bioimaging agent via co-oligomerization of Congo red with aniline and o-phenylenediamine: experimental and theoretical studies. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36479-36491. [PMID: 35540595 PMCID: PMC9075138 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With a view to study the effect of insertion of a multifunctional dye moiety on the photo physical properties of conducting polymers, the present paper reports for the first time the homopolymerization and co-oligomerization of Congo red (CR) dye with aniline and o-phenylenediamine. The co-oligomerization was established by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy while the morphology was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The theoretical as well as experimental data of 1H-NMR as well as IR studies confirmed the co-oligomer formation while ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy studies revealed a dynamic change in the optical properties upon variation of co-oligomer composition. X-ray diffraction studies established a crystalline morphology of oligomers. Live cell confocal imaging studies revealed that the co-oligomers could be effectively used in NIR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetika Singh
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi 110025 India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru University NewDelhi 110067 India
| | - Raj Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Elham S Aazam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah 23622 Saudia Arabia
| | - Ufana Riaz
- Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi 110025 India
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26
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Madhuri KP, John NS. Solution Processable Transition Metal Phthalocyanine Nanofibres. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Priya Madhuri
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli Bengaluru 560013 India
| | - Neena S. John
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli Bengaluru 560013 India
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