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Zhang L, Zhao L, Tan Y, Gong X, Zhu M, Liu Y, Liu Y. Ultra-high flux mesh membranes coated with tannic acid-ZIF-8@MXene composites for efficient oil-water separation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118264. [PMID: 38266894 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Oil/water separation has become a global concern due to the increasing discharge of multi-component harmful oily wastewater. Super wetting membranes have been shown to be an effective material for oil/water separation. Ultra-high flux stainless-steel meshes (SSM) with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity were fabricated by tannic acid (TA) modified ZIF-8 nanoparticles (TZIF-8) and two-dimensional MXene materials for oil/water separation. The TZIF-8 increased the interlayer space of MXene, enhancing the flux permeation (69,093 L m-2h-1) and rejection of the composite membrane (TZIF-8@MXene/SSM). The TZIF-8@MXene/SSM membrane showed an underwater oil contact angle of 154.2°. The membrane maintained underwater superoleophobic after stability and durability tests, including various pH solutions, organic solvents, reusability, etc. In addition, the oil/water separation efficiency of TZIF-8@MXene/SSM membranes was higher than 99% after treatment in harsh conditions and recycling. The outstanding anti-fouling, stability, durability, and recyclability properties of TZIF-8@MXene/SSM membrane highlight the remarkable potential of membranes for complex oil/water separation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingrui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China
| | - Yating Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China
| | - Xiaobo Gong
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education of China, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Sichuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Persistent Pollutant Wastewater Treatment, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Key Laboratory of Special Waste Water Treatment, Sichuan Province Higher Education System, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China.
| | - Meng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education of China, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Sichuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Persistent Pollutant Wastewater Treatment, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education of China, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Sichuan Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Persistent Pollutant Wastewater Treatment, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China; Key Laboratory of Special Waste Water Treatment, Sichuan Province Higher Education System, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610068, China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Research Institute of Industrial Hazardous Waste Disposal and Resource Utilization, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
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Zhang J, Usman KAS, Judicpa MAN, Hegh D, Lynch PA, Razal JM. Applications of X-Ray-Based Characterization in MXene Research. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201527. [PMID: 36808897 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
X-rays are a penetrating form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from 10 pm to 10 nm. Similar to visible light, X-rays provide a powerful tool to study the atoms and elemental information of objects. Different characterization methods based on X-rays are established, such as X-ray diffraction, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, and X-ray-based spectroscopies, to explore the structural and elemental information of varied materials including low-dimensional nanomaterials. This review summarizes the recent progress of using X-ray related characterization methods in MXenes, a new family of 2D nanomaterials. These methods provide key information on the nanomaterials, covering synthesis, elemental composition, and the assembly of MXene sheets and their composites. Additionally, new characterization methods are proposed as future research directions in the outlook section to enhance understanding of MXene surface and chemical properties. This review is expected to provide a guideline for characterization method selection and aid in precise interpretation of the experimental data in MXene research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhen Zhang
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Ken Aldren S Usman
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Mia Angela N Judicpa
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Dylan Hegh
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Peter A Lynch
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Joselito M Razal
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia
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Iqbal A, Kim H, Oh JM, Chae J, Kim J, Kim M, Hassan T, Gao Z, Lee J, Kim SJ, Kim D, Gogotsi Y, Kwon H, Koo CM. Effect of Substitutional Oxygen on Properties of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene Produced Using Recycled TiO 2 Source. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201715. [PMID: 36855195 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are an emerging class of 2D materials with unique properties including metallic conductivity, mechanical flexibility, and surface tunability, which ensure their utility for diverse applications. However, the synthesis of MXenes with high crystallinity and atomic stoichiometry in a low-cost process is still challenging because of the difficulty in controlling the oxygen substitute in the precursors and final products of MXenes, which limits their academic understanding and practical applications. Here, a novel cost-effective method is reported to synthesize a highly crystalline and stoichiometric Ti3 C2 Tx MXene with minimum substitutional oxygen impurities by controlling the amount of excess carbon and time of high-energy milling in carbothermal reduction of recycled TiO2 source. The highest used content (2 wt%) of excess-carbon yields TiC with the highest carbon content and minimal oxygen substitutes, which leads to the Ti3 AlC2 MAX phase with improved crystallinity and atomic stoichiometry, and finally Ti3 C2 Tx MXene with the highest electrical conductivity (11738 S cm-1 ) and superior electromagnetic shielding effectiveness. Additionally, the effects of carbon content and substitutional oxygen on the physical properties of TiC and Ti3 AlC2 are elucidated by density-functional-theory calculations. This inexpensive TiO2 -based method of synthesizing high-quality Ti3 C2 Tx MXene can facilitate large-scale production and thus accelerate global research on MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Iqbal
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Materials Architecturing Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Oh
- R&D center, INNOMXENE Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jikwang Chae
- R&D center, INNOMXENE Co., Ltd., Daejeon, 34365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjae Kim
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Tufail Hassan
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhenguo Gao
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyun Lee
- Materials Architecturing Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joon Kim
- Materials Architecturing Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daesin Kim
- Materials Architecturing Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hanjung Kwon
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Min Koo
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Materials Architecturing Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
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4
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Soomro RA, Kumar J, Neiber RR, Sirajuddin, Alotaibi AM, Shaikh SF, Ahmed N, Nafady A. Natural oxidation of Ti 3C 2T x to construct efficient TiO 2/Ti 3C 2T x photoactive heterojunctions for advanced photoelectrochemical biosensing of folate-expressing cancer cells. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1251:341016. [PMID: 36925274 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The rapid-charge carrier recombination and low conductivity are critical in devising an efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor. Herein, we propose partial oxidation of few-layered MXene (Ti3C2Tx) to construct a photo-active TiO2/Ti3C2Tx platform that could be configured for PEC sensing of folate receptors (FR), particularly, FR-expressing breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). MXene-Ti3C2Tx dispersion was oxidized in natural-open air conditions, where continuous exposure for six (06) days allowed for homogeneous in-situ growth of TiO2 over MXenes nanosheets (MX-06). This exposure enabled partial oxidation of MXene-sheets with a balanced TiO2 to MXene content that could exhibit improved photoresponsive characteristics owing to the synergism of redox-active TiO2 and highly conductive underlying Ti3C2Tx. The photoelectrode was then adapted for biorecognition by conjugating chitosan and folic acid (FA) networks, which permitted selective detection of FR-expressed cells with significant antifouling capabilities against common proteins such as bovine serum album (BSA), hemoglobin, and immunoglobulin G. (Ig G). The detection mechanism relies on FA's strong affinity for cancer cell folate receptors, which proportionally inhibited the photoelectrodes PEC oxidation response to ascorbic acid (AA)(mediator). The proposed inhibition strategy enabled sensitive detection of FR-expressed MDA-MB-231 cells in the concentration range of 1 × 102 to 2 × 107 cells/mL with a detection limit of 1.01 cells/mL (S/N = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Razium A Soomro
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jai Kumar
- College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rana R Neiber
- College of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green, Process, and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Sirajuddin
- ICCBS, HEJ, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amerah M Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoyebmohamad F Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazeer Ahmed
- Sapienza University of Rome, Research Center on Nanotechnology Applied to Engineering, Rome, Italy
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Soomro RA, Zhang P, Fan B, Wei Y, Xu B. Progression in the Oxidation Stability of MXenes. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:108. [PMID: 37071337 PMCID: PMC10113412 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are under the spotlight due to their versatile physicochemical characteristics. Since their discovery in 2011, significant advancements have been achieved in their synthesis and application sectors. However, the spontaneous oxidation of MXenes, which is critical to its processing and product lifespan, has gotten less attention due to its chemical complexity and poorly understood oxidation mechanism. This perspective focuses on the oxidation stability of MXenes and addresses the most recent advancements in understanding and the possible countermeasures to limit the spontaneous oxidation of MXenes. A section is dedicated to the presently accessible methods for monitoring oxidation, with a discussion on the debatable oxidation mechanism and coherently operating factors that contribute to the complexity of MXenes oxidation. The current potential solutions for mitigating MXenes oxidation and the existing challenges are also discussed with prospects to prolong MXene's shelf-life storage and expand their application scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razium A Soomro
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Baomin Fan
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Marquis E, Benini F, Anasori B, Rosenkranz A, Righi MC. Effect of vacancies and edges in promoting water chemisorption on titanium-based MXenes. NANO CONVERGENCE 2023; 10:16. [PMID: 37005935 PMCID: PMC10067785 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-023-00364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The functionality of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) in technological applications greatly depends on their wettability. For instance, MXenes' layer stability against degradative oxidation is notably reduced when stored in aqueous solutions, leading to the transformation into oxides. In this work, we study water adsorption on Ti-based MXenes by ab initio calculations. The energy gains for the molecular adsorption on Tin+1XnT2 is evaluated as a function of the termination (T = F, O, OH, mixture), the carbon/nitrogen ratio (X = C, N), the layer thickness (n) and water coverage. MXenes' hydrophilicity tends to increase due to the presence of defects as vacancies and flake edges. We demonstrate that physical adsorption occurs through hydrogen bonding on both defect-free layers and layers containing C/N or Ti atomic vacancies, with -OH terminations providing the strongest interactions (0.40-0.65 eV). In contrast, strong water chemisorption is observed on surfaces with a single termination vacancy (0.60-1.20 eV), edges (0.75-0.85 eV), and clusters of defects (1.00-1.80 eV). We verified that the presence of undercoordinated Ti atoms on the surface is the key factor in promoting H2O chemisorption, i.e., the degradative oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Marquis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Benini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Avenida Beaucheff 851, 8370456, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Maria Clelia Righi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
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7
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Solangi NH, Karri RR, Mazari SA, Mubarak NM, Jatoi AS, Malafaia G, Azad AK. MXene as emerging material for photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Koyappayil A, Yagati AK, Lee MH. Recent Trends in Metal Nanoparticles Decorated 2D Materials for Electrochemical Biomarker Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010091. [PMID: 36671926 PMCID: PMC9855691 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Technological advancements in the healthcare sector have pushed for improved sensors and devices for disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, with the discovery of numerous biomarkers for various specific physiological conditions, early disease screening has become a possibility. Biomarkers are the body's early warning systems, which are indicators of a biological state that provides a standardized and precise way of evaluating the progression of disease or infection. Owing to the extremely low concentrations of various biomarkers in bodily fluids, signal amplification strategies have become crucial for the detection of biomarkers. Metal nanoparticles are commonly applied on 2D platforms to anchor antibodies and enhance the signals for electrochemical biomarker detection. In this context, this review will discuss the recent trends and advances in metal nanoparticle decorated 2D materials for electrochemical biomarker detection. The prospects, advantages, and limitations of this strategy also will be discussed in the concluding section of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min-Ho Lee
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-820-5503; Fax: +82-2-814-2651
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Cui Y, Zhu J, Tong H, Zou R. Advanced perspectives on MXene composite nanomaterials: Types synthetic methods, thermal energy utilization and 3D-printed techniques. iScience 2022; 26:105824. [PMID: 36632064 PMCID: PMC9826899 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MXene, 2D material, can be synthesized as single flake with 1 nm thickness by using phase change material, polymer and graphene oxide. Meanwhile, the MXene and its composite derivative materials have been applied widely in electro-to-thermal conversion, photo-to-thermal conversion, thermal energy storage, and 3D printing ink aspects. Furthermore, the forward-looking utilization of the MXene nanomaterials in hydrogen energy storage, radio frequency field application, CO2 capture and remediation of environmental pollution, is explored. This article reveals that the efficiencies of the photo-to-thermal and electro-to-thermal energy conversions with the MXene nanomaterials could reach about 80-90%. In parallel, it is demonstrated that the MXene printed ink has the excellent rheological property and high viscosity and stability of liquid, which contribute to arranging the multi-dimensional architectures with functional materials and controlling the flow rate of the MXene ink in the range of 0.03-0.15 mL/min for speedily printing and various printing structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Cui
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Jinan 250101, China,Corresponding author
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Hui Tong
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Ran Zou
- School of Management Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Jinan 250101, China,Corresponding author
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10
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Lei D, Liu N, Su T, Zhang Q, Wang L, Ren Z, Gao Y. Roles of MXene in Pressure Sensing: Preparation, Composite Structure Design, and Mechanism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110608. [PMID: 35291047 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are one of the most important components in the fields of electronic skin (e-skin), robotics, and health monitoring. However, the application of pressure sensors in practice is still difficult and expensive due to the limited sensing properties and complex manufacturing process. The emergence of MXene, a red-hot member of the 2D nanomaterials, has brought a brand-new breakthrough for pressure sensing. Ti3 C2 Tx is the most popular studied MXene in the field of pressure sensing and shows good mechanical, electrical properties, excellent hydrophilicity, and extensive modifiability. It will ameliorate the properties of the sensitive layer and electrode layer of the pressure sensor, and further apply pressure sensing to many fields, such as e-skin flexibility. Herein, the preparation technologies, antioxidant methods, and properties of MXene are summarized. The design of MXene-based microstructures is introduced, including hydrogels, aerogels, foam, fabrics, and composite nanofibers. The mechanisms of MXene pressure sensors are further broached, including piezoresistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and potentiometric transduction mechanism. Moreover, the integration of multiple devices is reviewed. Finally, the chance and challenge of pressure sensors improved by MXene smart materials in future e-skin and the Internet of Things are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Lei
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Nishuang Liu
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Tuoyi Su
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Luoxin Wang
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Ren
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Gao
- School of Physics and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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11
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Murali G, Reddy Modigunta JK, Park YH, Lee JH, Rawal J, Lee SY, In I, Park SJ. A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13370-13429. [PMID: 36094932 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have emerged as promising strategies to remedy the existing environmental and energy crises. However, grafting of expensive and less abundant noble-metal cocatalysts on photocatalyst materials is a mandatory practice to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performance owing to the ability of the cocatalysts to extract electrons efficiently from the photocatalyst and enable rapid/enhanced catalytic reaction. Hence, developing highly efficient, inexpensive, and noble-metal-free cocatalysts composed of earth-abundant elements is considered as a noteworthy step toward considering photocatalysis as a more economical strategy. Recently, MXenes (two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have shown huge potential as alternatives for noble-metal cocatalysts. MXenes have several excellent properties, including atomically thin 2D morphology, metallic electrical conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and high specific surface area. In addition, they exhibit Gibbs free energy of intermediate H atom adsorption as close to zero and less than that of a commercial Pt-based cocatalyst, a Fermi level position above the H2 generation potential, and an excellent ability to capture and activate CO2 molecules. Therefore, there is a growing interest in MXene-based photocatalyst materials for various photocatalytic events. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the synthesis of MXenes with 2D and 0D morphologies, the stability of MXenes, and MXene-based photocatalysts for H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. The existing challenges and the possible future directions to enhance the photocatalytic performance of MXene-based photocatalysts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Murali
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeevan Kumar Reddy Modigunta
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jishu Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Yi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Insik In
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of IT-Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Chemical Industry Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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12
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Jakubczak M, Bury D, Purbayanto MAK, Wójcik A, Moszczyńska D, Prenger K, Naguib M, Jastrzębska AM. Understanding the mechanism of Nb-MXene bioremediation with green microalgae. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14366. [PMID: 35999240 PMCID: PMC9399251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly developing nanotechnologies and their integration in daily applications may threaten the natural environment. While green methods of decomposing organic pollutants have reached maturity, remediation of inorganic crystalline contaminants is major problem due to their low biotransformation susceptibility and the lack of understanding of material surface-organism interactions. Herein, we have used model inorganic 2D Nb-based MXenes coupled with a facile shape parameters analysis approach to track the mechanism of bioremediating 2D ceramic nanomaterials with green microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata. We have found that microalgae decomposed the Nb-based MXenes due to surface-related physicochemical interactions. Initially, single and few-layered MXene nanoflakes attached to microalgae surfaces, which slightly reduced algal growth. But with prolonged surface interaction, the microalgae oxidized MXene nanoflakes and further decomposed them into NbO and Nb2O5. Since these oxides were nontoxic to microalgal cells, they consumed Nb-oxide nanoparticles by an uptake mechanism thus enabling further microalgae recovery after 72 h of water treatment. The uptake-associated nutritional effects were also reflected by cells’ increased size, smoothed shape and changed growth rates. Based on these findings, we conclude that short- and long-term presence of Nb-based MXenes in freshwater ecosystems might cause only negligible environmental effects. Notably, by using 2D nanomaterials as a model system, we show evidence of the possibility of tracking even fine material shape transformations. In general, this study answers an important fundamental question about the surface interaction-associated processes that drive the mechanism of 2D nanomaterials’ bioremediation as well as provides the fundamental basis for further short- and long-term investigations on the environmental effects of inorganic crystalline nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Jakubczak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Bury
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Wójcik
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, W. Reymonta 25, 30-059, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dorota Moszczyńska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kaitlyn Prenger
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA
| | - Agnieszka Maria Jastrzębska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland.
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13
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Salimiyan rizi K. MXene nanosheets as a novel nanomaterial with antimicrobial applications: A literature review. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Liu H, Wang Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Wu S, You C, Tian N, Li Y. Structural evolution of MXenes and their composites for electromagnetic interference shielding applications. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9218-9247. [PMID: 35726826 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the extensive utilization of electronic devices and equipment inevitably leads to severe electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues. Therefore, EMI shielding materials have drawn considerable attention, and great effort has been devoted to the exploration of high-efficiency EMI shielding materials. As a novel kind of 2D transition metal carbide material, MXenes have been widely investigated for EMI shielding in the past few years due to their extraordinary electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, light weight, and easy processability. In view of the great achievements in MXene-based materials for EMI shielding, herein, we reviewed the recent studies on the structural design and evolution of MXenes and their composites for EMI shielding. First, the methods for structural control of MXenes, including HF etching, in situ HF etching, fluorine-free etching, electrochemical etching, and molten salt etching, are systematically summarized. Then we illustrate the fundamental relationship between the microstructure of MXenes and the EMI shielding mechanism. In the following, the effects of different synthesis methods and structures of MXene-based composite materials as well as their EMI shielding performances are comprehensively discussed. Lastly, future prospects for the development of MXene-based composite materials in EMI shielding applications are commented on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yujia Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Shaoqing Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Caiyin You
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Na Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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15
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Nasrin K, Sudharshan V, Arunkumar M, Sathish M. 2D/2D Nanoarchitectured Nb 2C/Ti 3C 2 MXene Heterointerface for High-Energy Supercapacitors with Sustainable Life Cycle. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21038-21049. [PMID: 35476396 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Layered 2D/2D heterointerface composites experience interesting properties that greatly stimulate the recent surge in the attention as robust supercapacitor electrode materials, especially the MXene-based 2D/2D heterointerface for its robust energy storage compatibility. This report unveils a synergistically in situ prepared 2D/2D Nb2C/Ti3C2 MXene (NCTC) heterointerface nanoarchitecture by facile one-pot chemical etching. The methodology adopted enables the interconnected and simultaneous growth of MXenes exposing and retaining their active surfaces for enhanced ion diffusion pathways, charge storage dynamics, microstructural stability, and a noticeable potential window. Henceforth, the in situ developed NCTC heterointerface electrode delivered an excellent specific capacitance of 584 F/g at 2 A/g with a commendable energy density of 38.5 W h/kg in MXene supercapacitors owing to the augmented surface- and redox-based charge storage at the interface. Finally, the developed all-solid-state system demonstrated a superior cycling retention of 98% capacitance after 50,000 cycles. These superlative results encourage the exploration of such prospective 2D/2D heterointerfaces with intriguing charge storage and microstructural attributes for designing next-generation energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabeer Nasrin
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudharshan
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Arunkumar
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marappan Sathish
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division (ECPS), CSIR─Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Cao F, Zhang Y, Wang H, Khan K, Tareen AK, Qian W, Zhang H, Ågren H. Recent Advances in Oxidation Stable Chemistry of 2D MXenes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107554. [PMID: 34816509 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging star of 2D nanomaterials, 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides, named MXenes, present a large potential in various research areas owing to their intrinsic multilayer structure and intriguing physico-chemical properties. However, the fabrication and application of functional MXene-based devices still remain challenging as they are prone to oxidative degradation under ambient environment. Within this review, the preparation methods of MXenes focusing on the recent investigations on their thermal structure-stability relationships in inert, oxidizing, and aqueous environments are systematically introduced. Moreover, the key factors that affect the oxidation of MXenes, such as, atmosphere, temperature, composition, microstructure, and aqueous environment, are reviewed. Based on different scenarios, strategies for avoiding or delaying the oxidation of MXenes are proposed to encourage the utilization of MXenes in complicated environments, especially at high temperature. Furthermore, the chemistry of MXene-derived oxides is analyzed, which can offer perspectives on the further design and fabrication of novel 2D composites with the unique structures of MXenes being preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangcheng Cao
- Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- Lab of Optoelectronic Technology for Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Karim Khan
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, College of Phyiscs and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ayesha Khan Tareen
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, College of Phyiscs and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Wenjing Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics, College of Phyiscs and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
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17
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Wang Q, Xiong Y, Xu J, Dong F, Xiong Y. Oxidation-Resistant Cyclodextrin-Encapsulated-MXene/Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) composite hydrogel as a thermosensitive adsorbent for phenols. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Cheng R, Hu T, Wang Z, Yang J, Dai R, Wang W, Cui C, Liang Y, Zhang C, Li C, Wang H, Lu H, Yang Z, Zhang H, Wang X. Understanding charge storage in Nb 2CT x MXene as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23173-23183. [PMID: 34618881 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MXenes represent an emerging family of two-dimensional materials of transition metal carbides/carbonitrides terminated with functional groups like -O, -OH, and -F on the chemically active surface of MX slabs. As a member of the family, Nb2CTx exhibits superior lithium storage capacity over most of the other MXenes as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, an in-depth understanding of the charge storage mechanism is still lacking so far. Here, through combining complementary experiments and density functional theory calculations, we provide insights into the (de)lithiation process. Specifically, Nb2CTx with dominant -O functional groups stores charge as a result of changes in the oxidation states of both transition metals Nb and O, which is supported by Bader charge analysis showing a significant change in the oxidation states of Nb and O upon lithiation. As monitored by ex situ X-ray diffraction, the interlayer spacing of Nb2CTx changes slightly upon lithium ion (de)intercalation, corresponding to a volume change of only 2.3% with a near zero-strain feature. By coupling with a LiFePO4/C cathode, the full cell presents superior rate capability and cycling stability as well. The insights into the charge storage mechanism of Nb2CTx in this work provide useful guidance for the rational design of MXene-based anode materials for high-performance LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfei Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Zuohua Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jinxing Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruqiao Dai
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Cong Cui
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Cuiyu Li
- Advanced Computing East China Sub-center, Suma Technology Company Limited, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongxia Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Hongwang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling, College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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19
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Ibragimova R, Erhart P, Rinke P, Komsa HP. Surface Functionalization of 2D MXenes: Trends in Distribution, Composition, and Electronic Properties. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2377-2384. [PMID: 33657317 PMCID: PMC8041312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Using a multiscale computational scheme, we study the trends in distribution and composition of the surface functional groups -O, -OH, and -F on two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). We consider Ti2N, Ti4N3, Nb2C, Nb4C3, Ti2C, and Ti3C2 to explore MXenes with different chemistry and different number of atomic layers. Using a combination of cluster expansion, Monte Carlo, and density functional theory methods, we study the distribution and composition of functional groups at experimentally relevant conditions. We show that mixtures of functional groups are favorable on all studied MXene surfaces. The distribution of functional groups appears to be largely independent of the type of metal, carbon, or nitrogen species and/or number of atomic layers in the MXene. We further show that some properties (e.g., the work function) strongly depend on the surface composition, while others, for example, the electric conductivity, exhibit only a weak dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Ibragimova
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Patrick Rinke
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Hannu-Pekka Komsa
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Microelectronics
Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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20
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Gao L, Bao W, Kuklin AV, Mei S, Zhang H, Ågren H. Hetero-MXenes: Theory, Synthesis, and Emerging Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004129. [PMID: 33458878 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 2011, MXenes (abbreviation for transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have emerged as a rising star in the family of 2D materials owing to their unique properties. Although the primary research interest is still focused on pristine MXenes and their composites, much attention has in recent years been paid also to MXenes with diverse compositions. To this end, this work offers a comprehensive overview of the progress on compositional engineering of MXenes in terms of doping and substituting from theoretical predictions to experimental investigations. Synthesis and properties are briefly introduced for pristine MXenes and then reviewed for hetero-MXenes. Theoretical calculations regarding the doping/substituting at M, X, and T sites in MXenes and the role of vacancies are summarized. After discussing the synthesis of hetero-MXenes with metal/nonmetal (N, S, P) elements by in situ and ex situ strategies, the focus turns to their emerging applications in various fields such as energy storage, electrocatalysts, and sensors. Finally, challenges and prospects of hetero-MXenes are addressed. It is anticipated that this review will be beneficial to bridge the gap between predictions and experiments as well as to guide the future design of hetero-MXenes with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Gao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Bao
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Artem V Kuklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
| | - Shan Mei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Photonic Information Technology, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, Uppsala, SE-751 20, Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
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21
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22
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Kamysbayev V, Filatov AS, Hu H, Rui X, Lagunas F, Wang D, Klie RF, Talapin DV. Covalent surface modifications and superconductivity of two-dimensional metal
carbide MXenes. Science 2020; 369:979-983. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba8311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Versatile chemical transformations of surface functional groups in
two-dimensional transition-metal carbides (MXenes) open up a previously unexplored
design space for this broad class of functional materials. We introduce a general
strategy to install and remove surface groups by performing substitution and
elimination reactions in molten inorganic salts. Successful synthesis of MXenes
with oxygen, imido, sulfur, chlorine, selenium, bromine, and tellurium surface
terminations, as well as bare MXenes (no surface termination), was demonstrated.
These MXenes show distinctive structural and electronic properties. For example,
the surface groups control interatomic distances in the MXene lattice, and
Tin+1Cn
(n = 1, 2) MXenes terminated with telluride
(Te2−) ligands show a giant (>18%) in-plane lattice
expansion compared with the unstrained titanium carbide lattice. The surface
groups also control superconductivity of niobium carbide MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Kamysbayev
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Huicheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xue Rui
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Francisco Lagunas
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Robert F. Klie
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Dmitri V. Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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23
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Mendes RG, Ta HQ, Yang X, Li W, Bachmatiuk A, Choi JH, Gemming T, Anasori B, Lijun L, Fu L, Liu Z, Rümmeli MH. In Situ N-Doped Graphene and Mo Nanoribbon Formation from Mo 2 Ti 2 C 3 MXene Monolayers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907115. [PMID: 31943829 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the advent of monolayered 2D transition metal carbide and nitrides (MXenes) in 2011, the number of different monolayer systems and the study thereof have been on the rise. Mo2 Ti2 C3 is one of the least studied MXenes and new insights to this material are of value to the field. Here, the stability of Mo2 Ti2 C3 under electron irradiation is investigated. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the structural and elemental changes in situ. It is found that Mo2 Ti2 C3 is reasonably stable for the first 2 min of irradiation. However, structural changes occur thereafter, which trigger increasingly rapid and significant rearrangement. This results in the formation of pores and two new nanomaterials, namely, N-doped graphene membranes and Mo nanoribbons. The study provides insight into the stability of Mo2 Ti2 C3 monolayers against electron irradiation, which will allow for reliable future study of the material using TEM. Furthermore, these findings will facilitate further research in the rapidly growing field of electron beam driven chemistry and engineering of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gregorio Mendes
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - Huy Quang Ta
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Wei Li
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Alicja Bachmatiuk
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
- Polish Center for Technology Development (PORT), Ul. Stabłowicka 147, Wrocław, 54-066, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
| | - Jin-Ho Choi
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Thomas Gemming
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Liu Lijun
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Centre for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mark Hermann Rümmeli
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, Dresden, D-01171, Germany
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, Zabrze, 41-819, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, Ostrava, 708 33, Czech Republic
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24
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Hu M, Zhang H, Hu T, Fan B, Wang X, Li Z. Emerging 2D MXenes for supercapacitors: status, challenges and prospects. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6666-6693. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the emerging 2D MXene electrode materials for supercapacitor application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Hu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Energy Geoscience Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- USA
| | - Tao Hu
- Institute for Materials Science and Devices
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology
- Suzhou
- China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou, 450001
- China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology
- Qingdao
- China
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25
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Raagulan K, Braveenth R, Kim BM, Lim KJ, Lee SB, Kim M, Chai KY. An effective utilization of MXene and its effect on electromagnetic interference shielding: flexible, free-standing and thermally conductive composite from MXene–PAT–poly(p-aminophenol)–polyaniline co-polymer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1613-1633. [PMID: 35494715 PMCID: PMC9048165 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09522e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MXene and conductive polymers are attractive candidates for electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) applications. The MXene–PAT-conductive polymer (CP) composites were fabricated by a cost-effective spray coating technique and characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. A new approach has been developed for the synthesis of exfoliated MXene. The MXene–PAT–poly(p-aminophenol)–polyaniline co-polymer composite exhibited good electric conductivity (EC) of 7.813 S cm−1. The composites revealed an excellent thermal properties, which were 0.687 W (m K)−1 thermal conductivity, 2.247 J (g K)−1 heat capacity, 0.282 mm2 s−1 thermal diffusivity and 1.330 W s1/2 m−2 K−1 thermal effusivity. The composites showed 99.99% shielding efficiency and the MXene–PAT–PANI–PpAP composite (MXPATPA) had EMI shielding effectiveness of 45.18 dB at 8.2 GHz. The reduced form of MXene (r-Ti3C2Tx) increased the shielding effectiveness (SE) by 7.26% and the absorption (SEA) was greatly enhanced by the ant farm like structure. The composites possess excellent thermal and EMI SE characteristics, thus can be applied in areas, such as mobile phones, military utensils, heat-emitting electronic devices, automobiles and radars. MXene and conductive polymers are attractive candidates for electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanthasamy Raagulan
- Division of Bio-Nanochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 570-749
- Korea
| | - Ramanaskanda Braveenth
- Division of Bio-Nanochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 570-749
- Korea
| | - Bo Mi Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 570-749
- Korea
| | - Kwang Jin Lim
- Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI)
- Researcher/IT Application Research Center
- Korea
| | - Sang Bok Lee
- Composite Research Division
- Korea Institute of Materials Science
- Changwon 51508
- South Korea
| | - Miyoung Kim
- Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI)
- Researcher/IT Application Research Center
- Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Chai
- Division of Bio-Nanochemistry
- College of Natural Sciences
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 570-749
- Korea
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26
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Wen J, Fu Q, Wu W, Gao H, Zhang X, Wang B. Understanding the Different Diffusion Mechanisms of Hydrated Protons and Potassium Ions in Titanium Carbide MXene. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7087-7095. [PMID: 30675794 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The high intercalation capacitance of MXenes is attractive, but their performance as electrodes in supercapacitors is limited by mass transport when increasing the thickness and mass loading of the electrodes. Here, we report a combined experimental and computational study, through which we reveal the diffusion of hydrated ionic species at the interlayer spaces. We find that the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves for the delaminated Ti3C2T x exhibit distinct features in acid (H2SO4) and alkaline (KOH) electrolytes. The calculated migration profiles of K+ and H+ using density functional theory, in the presence and absence of water, suggest that the intercalated water molecules stabilize the charged ions, facilitating their diffusion from two dimension to three dimension manifested by reduced activation barriers and movement pathways. In addition, we show that the diffusion of low and high concentrations of protons is significantly different; that is, protons of high concentrations can be adsorbed at both sides of the interlayer spaces, and water drives frequent proton hopping between stable adsorption sites as shown in the ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The calculations can thus explain the varied capacitance and distorted CV curves when the experiments are conducted in acid and alkaline electrolytes. These results can provide guidance for improving the fast transport of ions and electrons in MXenes with high mass loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , P. R. China
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
| | - Qishan Fu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , P. R. China
| | - Wanying Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , P. R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , P. R. China
| | - Xitian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
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27
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Halim J, Persson I, Eklund P, Persson POÅ, Rosen J. Sodium hydroxide and vacuum annealing modifications of the surface terminations of a Ti3C2(MXene) epitaxial thin film. RSC Adv 2018; 8:36785-36790. [PMID: 35558912 PMCID: PMC9089276 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate, and quantify, changes in structure and surface terminations of epitaxial thin films of titanium carbide (Ti3C2) MXene, when treated by sodium hydroxide solution followed by vacuum annealing at 550 °C. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy, we show that NaOH treatment produce an increase in the c-lattice parameter together with an increase in the O terminations and a decrease in the F terminations. There is also an increase in the percentage of the binding energy of Ti-species in Ti 2p XPS region, which suggests an increase in the overall oxidation state of Ti. After subsequent annealing, the c-lattice parameter is slightly reduced, the overall oxidation state of Ti is decreased, and the F surface terminations are further diminished, leaving a surface with predominantly O as the surface terminating species. It is important to note that NaOH treatment facilitates removal of F at lower annealing temperatures than previously reported, which in turn is important for the range of attainable properties. Ti3C2Tx (MXene) thin film shows elimination of –F and domination of –O surface terminations after NaOH treatment followed by annealing while preserving the electrical conductivity of the film.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Halim
- Thin Film Physics Division
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-58183 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Ingemar Persson
- Thin Film Physics Division
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-58183 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Per Eklund
- Thin Film Physics Division
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-58183 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Per O. Å. Persson
- Thin Film Physics Division
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-58183 Linköping
- Sweden
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Thin Film Physics Division
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- Linköping University
- SE-58183 Linköping
- Sweden
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