1
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Silva SFV, Figueiredo G, Pereira RFP, de Zea Bermudez V, Fu L, André PS, Carneiro Neto AN, Ferreira RAS. Time-gated multi-dimensional luminescence thermometry via carbon dots for precise temperature mobile sensing. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39355863 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr03155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence thermometry presents precise remote temperature measurement capabilities but faces significant challenges in real-world applications, primarily stemming from the calibration's susceptibility to environmental factors. External factors can compromise accuracy, necessitating resilient measurement protocols to ensure dependable temperature (T) readings across various settings. We explore a novel three-dimensional (3D) approach based on time-gated (t) luminescence thermometric parameters, Δ(T,t), employing physical mixtures of surface-engineered carbon dots (CDs) based on dibenzoylmethane and rhodamine B. These CDs showcase enduring, temperature-responsive, and customizable phosphorescence, easily activated by low-power LEDs and distinguished by their prolonged emission time due to thermally activated delayed phosphorescence. Quantifying the thermal emission dependency is achievable through conventional spectrometer analyses or by capturing photographs with a smartphone's camera under flashlight illumination, yielding up to 30 time-gated ratiometric thermometric parameters per sample. Notably, within the temperature range of 23-45 °C, the maximum relative sensitivity of 7.9% °C-1 surpasses current state-of-the-art CD-based thermometers and ensures temperature readout with low-resolution portable devices as non-modified smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia F V Silva
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Figueiredo
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui F P Pereira
- Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Verónica de Zea Bermudez
- Chemistry Department and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Albano N Carneiro Neto
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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2
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Cui L, Dong Z, Yu D, Wang Y, Meijerink A. High-sensitivity luminescent temperature sensors: MFX:1%Sm 2+ (M = Sr, Ba, X = Cl, Br). SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado7737. [PMID: 39141722 PMCID: PMC11323894 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado7737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of lanthanide luminescence has advanced the field of remote temperature sensing. Luminescence intensity ratio methods relying on emission from two thermally coupled energy levels are popular but suffer from a limited temperature range. Here, we present a versatile luminescent thermometer: Ba(Sr)FBr(Cl):Sm2+. The Sm2+ ion benefits from multiple thermally coupled excited states to extend the temperature range and has strong parity-allowed 4f6→4f55d1 absorption to increase brightness. We conduct a comparative analysis of the temperature sensing performance of Sm2+ in BaFBr, BaFCl, SrFBr, and SrFCl and address the role of concentration, host, and Boltzmann equilibration. Different thermal coupling schemes, 5D1-5D0 and 4f55d1-5D0, and temperature-dependent lifetimes enable accurate sensing between 350 and 800 kelvin. Differences in 4f55d1-5D0 energy gap allows optimization for a temperature range of interest. This type of Sm2+-based thermometer holds great potential for temperature monitoring in the wide and relevant range up to 500°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Cui
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhijie Dong
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dechao Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Andries Meijerink
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584CC Utrecht, Netherlands
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3
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Vieira Perrella R, Derroso G, de Sousa Filho PC. Improper Background Treatment Underestimates Thermometric Performance of Rare Earth Vanadate and Phosphovanadate Nanocrystals. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34974-34980. [PMID: 39157115 PMCID: PMC11325507 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Luminescence thermometry is the state-of-the-art technique for remote nanoscale temperature sensing, offering numerous promising cutting-edge applications. Advancing nanothermometry further requires rational design of phosphors and well-defined, comprehensive mathematical treatment of spectral information. However, important questions regarding improper signal processing in ratiometric luminescence thermometry are continuously overlooked in the literature. Here, we demonstrate that systematic errors arising from background/signal superposition impact the calculated thermometric quality parameters of ratiometric thermometers. We designed ultraviolet-excitable (Y,Eu)VO4 and (Y,Eu)(P,V)O4 nanocrystals showing overlapped VO4 3- and Eu3+ emissions to discuss systematically how uncorrected background emissions cause magnified (∼10×) temperature uncertainties and undervalued (∼60%) relative thermal sensitivities. Adequate separation of spectral contributions from the VO4 3- background and the Eu3+ signals via baseline correction is necessary to prevent underestimation of the thermometric performances. The described approach can be potentially extended to other luminescent thermometers to account for signal superposition, thus enabling to circumvent computation of apparent, miscalculated thermometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Vieira Perrella
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual
de Campinas (Unicamp), R. Monteiro Lobato, 270, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Derroso
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual
de Campinas (Unicamp), R. Monteiro Lobato, 270, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar de Sousa Filho
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual
de Campinas (Unicamp), R. Monteiro Lobato, 270, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
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4
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Puccini A, Liu N, Hemmer E. Lanthanide-based nanomaterials for temperature sensing in the near-infrared spectral region: illuminating progress and challenges. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10975-10993. [PMID: 38607258 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Being first proposed as a method to overcome limitations associated with conventional contact thermometers, luminescence thermometry has been extensively studied over the past two decades as a sensitive and fast approach to remote and minimally invasive thermal sensing. Herein, lanthanide (Ln)-doped nanoparticles (Ln-NPs) have been identified as particularly promising candidates, given their outstanding optical properties. Known primarily for their upconversion emission, Ln-NPs have also been recognized for their ability to be excited with and emit in the near-infrared (NIR) regions matching the NIR transparency windows. This sparked the emergence of the development of NIR-NIR Ln-NPs for a wide range of temperature-sensing applications. The shift to longer excitation and emission wavelengths resulted in increased efforts being put into developing nanothermometers for biomedical applications, however most research is still preclinical. This mini-review outlines and addresses the challenges that limit the reliability and implementation of luminescent nanothermometers to real-life applications. Through a critical look into the recent developments from the past 4 years, we highlight attempts to overcome some of the limitations associated with excitation wavelength, thermal sensitivity, calibration, as well as light-matter interactions. Strategies range from use of longer excitation wavelengths, brighter emitters through strategic core/multi-shell architectures, exploitation of host phonons, and a shift from double- to single-band ratiometric as well as lifetime-based approaches to innovative methods based on computation and machine learning. To conclude, we offer a perspective on remaining gaps and where efforts should be focused towards more robust nanothermometers allowing a shift to real-life, e.g., in vivo, applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigale Puccini
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Eva Hemmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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5
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Marciniak L, Piotrowski W, Szymczak M, Brites CDS, Kinzhybalo V, Suo H, Carlos L, Wang F. The Butterfly Effect: Multifaceted Consequences of Sensitizer Concentration Change in Phase Transition-based Luminescent Thermometer of LiYO 2:Er 3+,Yb 3. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26439-26449. [PMID: 38739688 PMCID: PMC11129115 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In response to the ongoing quest for new, highly sensitive upconverting luminescent thermometers, this article introduces, for the first time, upconverting luminescent thermometers based on thermally induced structured phase transitions. As demonstrated, the transition from the low-temperature monoclinic to the high-temperature tetragonal structures of LiYO2:Yb3+,Er3+ induces multifaceted modification in the spectroscopic properties of the examined material, influencing the spectral positions of luminescence bands, energy gap values between thermally coupled energy levels, and the red-to-green emission intensities ratio. Moreover, as illustrated, both the color of the emitted light and the phase transition temperature (from 265 K, for LiYO2:Er3+, 1%Yb3+, to 180 K, for 10%Yb3+), and consequently, the thermometric parameters of the luminescent thermometer can be modulated by the concentration of Yb3+ sensitizer ions. Establishing a correlation between the phase transition temperature and the mismatch of ion radii between the host material and dopant ions allows for smooth adjustment of the thermometric performance of such a thermometer following specific application requirements. Three different thermometric approaches were investigated using thermally coupled levels (SR = 1.8%/K at 180 K for 1%Yb3+), green to red emission intensities ratio (SR = 1.5%/K at 305 K for 2%Yb3+), and single band ratiometric approach (SR = 2.5%/K at 240 K for 10%Yb3+). The thermally induced structural phase transition in LiYO2:Er3+,Yb3+ has enabled the development of multiple upconverting luminescent thermometers. This innovative approach opens avenues for advancing the field of luminescence thermometry, offering enhanced relative thermal sensitivity and adaptability for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Marciniak
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - W. Piotrowski
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M. Szymczak
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - C. D. S. Brites
- Physics
Department and CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - V. Kinzhybalo
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Hao Suo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, City
University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - L.D. Carlos
- Physics
Department and CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Feng Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, City
University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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6
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Liu M, Lai Y, Marquez M, Vetrone F, Liang J. Short-wave Infrared Photoluminescence Lifetime Mapping of Rare-Earth Doped Nanoparticles Using All-Optical Streak Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305284. [PMID: 38183381 PMCID: PMC10953585 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
The short-wave infrared (SWIR) photoluminescence lifetimes of rare-earth doped nanoparticles (RENPs) have found diverse applications in fundamental and applied research. Despite dazzling progress in the novel design and synthesis of RENPs with attractive optical properties, existing optical systems for SWIR photoluminescence lifetime imaging are still considerably restricted by inefficient photon detection, limited imaging speed, and low sensitivity. To overcome these challenges, SWIR photoluminescence lifetime imaging microscopy using an all-optical streak camera (PLIMASC) is developed. Synergizing scanning optics and a high-sensitivity InGaAs CMOS camera, SWIR-PLIMASC has a 1D imaging speed of up to 138.9 kHz in the spectral range of 900-1700 nm, which quantifies the photoluminescence lifetime of RENPs in a single shot. A 2D photoluminescence lifetime map can be acquired by 1D scanning of the sample. To showcase the power of SWIR-PLIMASC, a series of core-shell RENPs with distinct SWIR photoluminescence lifetimes is synthesized. In particular, using Er3+ -doped RENPs, SWIR-PLIMASC enables multiplexed anti-counterfeiting. Leveraging Ho3+ -doped RENPs as temperature indicators, this system is applied to SWIR photoluminescence lifetime-based thermometry. Opening up a new avenue for efficient SWIR photoluminescence lifetime mapping, this work is envisaged to contribute to advanced materials characterization, information science, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Liu
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité du Québec1650 boulevard Lionel‐Boulet, VarennesQuébecJ3X1P7Canada
| | - Yingming Lai
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité du Québec1650 boulevard Lionel‐Boulet, VarennesQuébecJ3X1P7Canada
| | - Miguel Marquez
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité du Québec1650 boulevard Lionel‐Boulet, VarennesQuébecJ3X1P7Canada
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité du Québec1650 boulevard Lionel‐Boulet, VarennesQuébecJ3X1P7Canada
| | - Jinyang Liang
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversité du Québec1650 boulevard Lionel‐Boulet, VarennesQuébecJ3X1P7Canada
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7
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Li D, Jia M, Jia T, Chen G. Ultrasensitive NIR-II Ratiometric Nanothermometers for 3D In Vivo Thermal Imaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309452. [PMID: 38088453 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent nanothermometry, particularly the one based on ratiometric, has sparked intense research for non-invasive in vivo or intracellular temperature mapping, empowering their uses as diagnosis tools in biomedicine. However, ratiometric detection still suffers from biased sensing induced by wavelength-dependent tissue absorption and scattering, low thermal sensitivity (Sr ), and lack of imaging depth information. Herein, this work constructs an ultrasensitive NIR-II ratiometric nanothermometer with self-calibrating ability for 3D in vivo thermographic imaging, in which temperature-insensitive lanthanide nanocrystals and strongly temperature-quenched Ag2 S quantum dots are co-assembled to form a hybrid nanocomposite material. Precise control over the amount ratio between two sub-materials enables the manipulation of heat-activated back energy transfer from Ag2 S to Yb3+ in lanthanide nanoparticles, thereby rendering Sr up to 7.8% °C-1 at 43.5 °C, and higher than 6.5% °C-1 over the entire physiological temperature range. Moreover, the luminescence intensity ratio between two separated spectral regions within the narrow Yb3+ emission peak is used to determine the depth information of nanothermometers in living mice and correct the effect of tissue depth on 2D thermographic imaging, and therefore allows a proof-of-concept demonstration of accurate 3D in vivo thermographic imaging, constituting a solid step toward the development of advanced ratiometric nanothermometry for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Mochen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tao Jia
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Guanying Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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8
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Harrington B, Ye Z, Signor L, Pickel AD. Luminescence Thermometry Beyond the Biological Realm. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2024; 4:30-61. [PMID: 38406316 PMCID: PMC10885336 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.3c00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As the field of luminescence thermometry has matured, practical applications of luminescence thermometry techniques have grown in both frequency and scope. Due to the biocompatibility of most luminescent thermometers, many of these applications fall within the realm of biology. However, luminescence thermometry is increasingly employed beyond the biological realm, with expanding applications in areas such as thermal characterization of microelectronics, catalysis, and plasmonics. Here, we review the motivations, methodologies, and advances linked to nonbiological applications of luminescence thermometry. We begin with a brief overview of luminescence thermometry probes and techniques, focusing on those most commonly used for nonbiological applications. We then address measurement capabilities that are particularly relevant for these applications and provide a detailed survey of results across various application categories. Throughout the review, we highlight measurement challenges and requirements that are distinct from those of biological applications. Finally, we discuss emerging areas and future directions that present opportunities for continued research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Harrington
- Materials
Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Materials
Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Laura Signor
- The
Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Andrea D. Pickel
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Program, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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9
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París Ogáyar M, Mendez-Gonzalez D, Zabala Gutierrez I, Artiga Á, Rubio-Retama J, Calderón OG, Melle S, Serrano A, Espinosa A, Jaque D, Marin R. Ion-induced bias in Ag 2S luminescent nanothermometers. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17956-17962. [PMID: 37905397 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03728b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence nanothermometry allows measuring temperature remotely and in a minimally invasive way by using the luminescence signal provided by nanosized materials. This technology has allowed, for example, the determination of intracellular temperature and in vivo monitoring of thermal processes in animal models. However, in the biomedical context, this sensing technology is crippled by the presence of bias (cross-sensitivity) that reduces the reliability of the thermal readout. Bias occurs when the impact of environmental conditions different from temperature also modifies the luminescence of the nanothermometers. Several sources that cause loss of reliability have been identified, mostly related to spectral distortions due to interaction between photons and biological tissues. In this work, we unveil an unexpected source of bias induced by metal ions. Specifically, we demonstrate that the reliability of Ag2S nanothermometers is compromised during the monitoring of photothermal processes produced by iron oxide nanoparticles. The observed bias occurs due to the heat-induced release of iron ions, which interact with the surface of the Ag2S nanothermometers, enhancing their emission. The results herein reported raise a warning to the community working on luminescence nanothermometry, since they reveal that the possible sources of bias in complex biological environments, rich in molecules and ions, are more numerous than previously expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina París Ogáyar
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diego Mendez-Gonzalez
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. De Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Irene Zabala Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Álvaro Artiga
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Rubio-Retama
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. De Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramon y Cajal 2, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Oscar G Calderón
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Arcos de Jalón 118, Madrid E-28037, Spain
| | - Sonia Melle
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Arcos de Jalón 118, Madrid E-28037, Spain
| | - Aida Serrano
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio | CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, C. Kelsen, 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Espinosa
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid | CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, C. Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, Spain.
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. De Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9100, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Riccardo Marin
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Đačanin Far L, Dramićanin MD. Luminescence Thermometry with Nanoparticles: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2904. [PMID: 37947749 PMCID: PMC10647651 DOI: 10.3390/nano13212904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence thermometry has emerged as a very versatile optical technique for remote temperature measurements, exhibiting a wide range of applicability spanning from cryogenic temperatures to 2000 K. This technology has found extensive utilization across many disciplines. In the last thirty years, there has been significant growth in the field of luminous thermometry. This growth has been accompanied by the development of temperature read-out procedures, the creation of luminescent materials for very sensitive temperature probes, and advancements in theoretical understanding. This review article primarily centers on luminescent nanoparticles employed in the field of luminescence thermometry. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the recent literature pertaining to the utilization of lanthanide and transition metal nanophosphors, semiconductor quantum dots, polymer nanoparticles, carbon dots, and nanodiamonds for luminescence thermometry. In addition, we engage in a discussion regarding the benefits and limitations of nanoparticles in comparison with conventional, microsized probes for their application in luminescent thermometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miroslav D. Dramićanin
- Centre of Excellence for Photoconversion, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia;
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11
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Saidi K, Hernández-Álvarez C, Runowski M, Dammak M, Martín IR. Ultralow pressure sensing and luminescence thermometry based on the emissions of Er 3+/Yb 3+ codoped Y 2Mo 4O 15 phosphors. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14904-14916. [PMID: 37796029 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02613b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Pressure and temperature are fundamental physical parameters, so their monitoring is crucial for various industrial and scientific purposes. For this reason, we developed a new optical sensor material that allows monitoring of both the physical parameters. The synthesized material exhibits upconversion (UC) emission of Er3+ in the red and green spectral regions under NIR (975 nm) laser irradiation. These UC emissions are strongly temperature-dependent, allowing multimode temperature sensing, either based on the luminescence intensity ratio between thermal-coupled energy levels (TCLs) or non-thermal-coupled energy levels (NTCLs) of Er3+ ions. Meanwhile, the luminescence lifetime of the 4S3/2 state of Er3+ ions was used as the third temperature-dependent spectroscopic parameter, enabling multi-parameter thermal sensing. Moreover, the observed enhancement of laser-induced heating of the sample under vacuum conditions allows for the conversion of the luminescent thermometer into a remote vacuum sensor. The pressure variations in the system are correlated with changes in the band intensity ratio (525/550 nm) of Er3+ TCLs, which are further applied for optical, contactless vacuum sensing. This is because of the light-to-heat conversion effect, which is greatly enhanced under vacuum conditions and manifests as a change in the intensity ratio of Er3+ bands (525/550 nm). The obtained results indicate that an Y2Mo4O15:Er3+/Yb3+ (YMO) phosphor has great application potential for the development of multi-functional and non-invasive optical sensors of pressure and temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Saidi
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Groupe des Matériaux Luminescents, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Département de Physique, Université de Sfax, BP 1173, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Christian Hernández-Álvarez
- Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Física, MALTA - Consolider Team, IMN and IUdEA Apdo. Correos 456, E-38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Marcin Runowski
- Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Física, MALTA - Consolider Team, IMN and IUdEA Apdo. Correos 456, E-38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Rare Earths, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mohamed Dammak
- Laboratoire de Physique Appliquée, Groupe des Matériaux Luminescents, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Département de Physique, Université de Sfax, BP 1173, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Inocencio R Martín
- Universidad de La Laguna, Departamento de Física, MALTA - Consolider Team, IMN and IUdEA Apdo. Correos 456, E-38206, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
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12
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Brites CDS, Marin R, Suta M, Carneiro Neto AN, Ximendes E, Jaque D, Carlos LD. Spotlight on Luminescence Thermometry: Basics, Challenges, and Cutting-Edge Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302749. [PMID: 37480170 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence (nano)thermometry is a remote sensing technique that relies on the temperature dependency of the luminescence features (e.g., bandshape, peak energy or intensity, and excited state lifetimes and risetimes) of a phosphor to measure temperature. This technique provides precise thermal readouts with superior spatial resolution in short acquisition times. Although luminescence thermometry is just starting to become a more mature subject, it exhibits enormous potential in several areas, e.g., optoelectronics, photonics, micro- and nanofluidics, and nanomedicine. This work reviews the latest trends in the field, including the establishment of a comprehensive theoretical background and standardized practices. The reliability, repeatability, and reproducibility of the technique are also discussed, along with the use of multiparametric analysis and artificial-intelligence algorithms to enhance thermal readouts. In addition, examples are provided to underscore the challenges that luminescence thermometry faces, alongside the need for a continuous search and design of new materials, experimental techniques, and analysis procedures to improve the competitiveness, accessibility, and popularity of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D S Brites
- Phantom-g, CICECO, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Riccardo Marin
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Markus Suta
- Inorganic Photoactive Materials, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Structural Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Albano N Carneiro Neto
- Phantom-g, CICECO, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Erving Ximendes
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Luís D Carlos
- Phantom-g, CICECO, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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13
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Vonk SJW, van Swieten TP, Cocina A, Rabouw FT. Photonic Artifacts in Ratiometric Luminescence Nanothermometry. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37450686 PMCID: PMC10375589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing developments in science and technology require temperature measurements at increasingly higher spatial resolutions. Nanocrystals with temperature-sensitive luminescence are a popular thermometer for these applications offering high precision and remote read-out. Here, we demonstrate that ratiometric luminescence thermometry experiments may suffer from systematic errors in nanostructured environments. We place lanthanide-based luminescent nanothermometers at controlled distances of up to 600 nm from a Au surface. Although this geometry supports no absorption or scattering resonances, distortion of the emission spectra of the thermometers due to the modified density of optical states results in temperature read-out errors of up to 250 K. Our simple analytical model explains the effects of thermometer emission frequencies, experimental equipment, and sample properties on the magnitude of the errors. We discuss the relevance of our findings in several experimental scenarios. Such errors do not always occur, but they are expected in measurements near reflecting interfaces or scattering objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander J W Vonk
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas P van Swieten
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ario Cocina
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zürich, Leonhardstrasse 21, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Freddy T Rabouw
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Ma Y, Aierken A, Wang Y, Meijerink A. Dual functionality luminescence thermometry with Gd 2O 2S:Eu 3+,Nd 3+ and its multiple applications in biosensing and in situ temperature measurements. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 638:640-649. [PMID: 36774877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence thermometry using sharp line emission of lanthanide ions has become an active area of research as it offers the advantages of remote temperature sensing with high sensitivity and superior spatial resolution. The most widely applied method relies on the temperature dependence of the luminescence intensity ratio of emission lines from two thermally coupled levels. However, the usable temperature range for this type of Boltzmann thermometer is limited. In addition, the weak and narrow line absorption of the parity forbidden 4f-4f transitions of lanthanides forms a serious drawback. To solve both problems, we here report a new dual functionality luminescence thermometer: Gd2O2S co-doped with Eu3+ and Nd3+. This material combines Boltzmann and energy transfer thermometry to extend the temperature range and uses the strong and broad charge transfer absorption band of Eu3+ for sensitization. In the T-range of 300-500 K efficient energy transfer from Eu3+ to Nd3+ allows for charge transfer-sensitized luminescence thermometry using near infrared emission from the thermally coupled 4F3/2 and 4F5/2 levels of Nd3+. Above 500 K a high temperature sensitivity is obtained using the strong temperature dependence of the luminescence intensity ratio of red Eu3+ to near infrared Nd3+ emission. The dual-functionality provides a single thermometer combining strong absorption and high relative sensitivity (0.6 - 1.4%) over a wide temperature range (300 to 650 K). Finally, it is proposed that this dual-function luminescent thermometer has promising potential for multifunctional applications in biosensors and in situ temperature measurements of chemical reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Ma
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Abida Aierken
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Andries Meijerink
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Optical Conversion Materials and Technology of National Development and Reform Commission, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584CC Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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15
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Labrador-Páez L, Kankare J, Hyppänen I, Soukka T, Andresen E, Resch-Genger U, Widengren J, Liu H. Frequency-Domain Method for Characterization of Upconversion Luminescence Kinetics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3436-3444. [PMID: 37010896 PMCID: PMC10108355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The frequency-domain (FD) method provides an alternative to the commonly used time-domain (TD) approach in characterizing the luminescence kinetics of luminophores, with its own strengths, e.g., the capability to decouple multiple lifetime components with higher reliability and accuracy. While extensively explored for characterizing luminophores with down-shifted emission, this method has not been investigated for studying nonlinear luminescent materials such as lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), featuring more complicated kinetics. In this work, employing a simplified rate-equation model representing a standard two-photon energy-transfer upconversion process, we thoroughly analyzed the response of the luminescence of UCNPs in the FD method. We found that the FD method can potentially obtain from a single experiment the effective decay rates of three critical energy states of the sensitizer/activator ions involved in the upconversion process. The validity of the FD method is demonstrated by experimental data, agreeing reasonably well with the results obtained by TD methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Labrador-Páez
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jouko Kankare
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Iko Hyppänen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Soukka
- Department
of Life Technologies/Biotechnology, University
of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Andresen
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials
Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Division
of Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials
Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haichun Liu
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Matulionyte M, Skripka A, Ramos-Guerra A, Benayas A, Vetrone F. The Coming of Age of Neodymium: Redefining Its Role in Rare Earth Doped Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2023; 123:515-554. [PMID: 36516409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Among luminescent nanostructures actively investigated in the last couple of decades, rare earth (RE3+) doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are some of the most reported family of materials. The development of RENPs in the biomedical framework is quickly making its transition to the ∼800 nm excitation pathway, beneficial for both in vitro and in vivo applications to eliminate heating and facilitate higher penetration in tissues. Therefore, reports and investigations on RENPs containing the neodymium ion (Nd3+) greatly increased in number as the focus on ∼800 nm radiation absorbing Nd3+ ion gained traction. In this review, we cover the basics behind the RE3+ luminescence, the most successful Nd3+-RENP architectures, and highlight application areas. Nd3+-RENPs, particularly Nd3+-sensitized RENPs, have been scrutinized by considering the division between their upconversion and downshifting emissions. Aside from their distinctive optical properties, significant attention is paid to the diverse applications of Nd3+-RENPs, notwithstanding the pitfalls that are still to be addressed. Overall, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview on Nd3+-RENPs, discussing their developmental and applicative successes as well as challenges. We also assess future research pathways and foreseeable obstacles ahead, in a field, which we believe will continue witnessing an effervescent progress in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Matulionyte
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Artiom Skripka
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Alma Ramos-Guerra
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Antonio Benayas
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford Department of Radiology Stanford University 1201 Welch Road, Lucas Center (exp.), Stanford, California 94305-5484, United States
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Université du Québec, Varennes, Québec J3X 1P7, Canada
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17
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The role of Nd 3+ concentration in the modulation of the thermometric performance of Stokes/anti-Stokes luminescence thermometer in NaYF 4:Nd 3. Sci Rep 2023; 13:472. [PMID: 36627331 PMCID: PMC9832010 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27339-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing popularity of luminescence thermometry observed in recent years is related to the high application potential of this technique. However, in order to use such materials in a real application, it is necessary to have a thorough understanding of the processes responsible for thermal changes in the shape of the emission spectrum of luminophores. In this work, we explain how the concentration of Nd3+ dopant ions affects the change in the thermometric parameters of a thermometer based on the ratio of Stokes (4F3/2 → 4I9/2) to anti-Stokes (4F7/2,4S3/2 → 4I9/2) emission intensities in NaYF4:Nd3+. It is shown that the spectral broadening of the 4I9/2 → 4F5/2, 2H9/2 absorption band observed for higher dopant ion concentrations enables the modulation of the relative sensitivity, usable temperature range, and uncertainty of temperature determination of such a luminescent thermometer.
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18
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Labrador-Páez L, Kostiv U, Liu Q, Li Y, Ågren H, Widengren J, Liu H. Excitation Pulse Duration Response of Upconversion Nanoparticles and Its Applications. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11208-11215. [PMID: 36445720 PMCID: PMC9743204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have rich photophysics exhibiting complex luminescence kinetics. In this work, we thoroughly investigated the luminescence response of UCNPs to excitation pulse durations. Analyzing this response opens new opportunities in optical encoding/decoding and the assignment of transitions to emission peaks and provides advantages in applications of UCNPs, e.g., for better optical sectioning and improved luminescence nanothermometry. Our work shows that monitoring the UCNP luminescence response to excitation pulse durations (while keeping the duty cycle constant) by recording the average luminescence intensity using a low-time resolution detector such as a spectrometer offers a powerful approach for significantly extending the utility of UCNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Labrador-Páez
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Uliana Kostiv
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingyun Liu
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, UppsalaSE-75120, Sweden
| | - Jerker Widengren
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haichun Liu
- Department
of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, SE-10691Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Wang Q, Tang Z, Li L, Guo J, Jin L, Lu J, Huang P, Zhang S, Jiao L. Highly efficient red-emitting carbon dots as a "turn-on" temperature probe in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121538. [PMID: 35752035 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanothermometers, which can precisely detect the intracellular temperature changes, have great potential to solve questions concerning the cellular processes. Thus, the temperature sensors that provide fluorescent "turn-on" signals in the biological transparency window are of highly desirable. To meet these criteria, this work reported a new "turn-on" carbon dot (CD)-based fluorescent nanothermometry device for sensing temperature in living cells. The CDs that emit bright red fluorescence (R-CDs; λmax = 610 nm in water) were synthesized with o-phenylenediamine as carbon precursor via a facile solvothermal method. The R-CDs in water were almost nonfluorescent at 15 °C. As the temperature increased, the fluorescence intensity of R-CDs exhibited a gradual increase and the final enhancement factor was greater than 21-fold. The fluorescence intensity exhibited a linear response to temperature and a high-sensitive variation of ≈13.3 % °C-1 was detected within a broad temperature range of 28-60 °C. Moreover, the R-CD thermal sensors also exhibited high storage stability, excellent response reversibility and superior photo- and thermo-stability. Due to its good biocompatibility and "intelligent" response to external temperature, the nanothermometer could be applied for sensing temperature changes in biological media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Zhihua Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Jinxiu Guo
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lingxia Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Jiufu Lu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Pei Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China
| | - Shengrui Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi 723000, China.
| | - Long Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China.
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20
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Lu H, Zhu J, Lu Y, Li J, Wang J, Zou H. Highly sensitive thermometry based on thermal quenching and negative thermal quenching materials. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:5168-5171. [PMID: 36181213 DOI: 10.1364/ol.471518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Suppose that the opposite changes of two emissions with temperature variation may result in a high sensitivity for a ratiometric thermometer; therefore, we design such a thermometer based on thermal quenching and negative thermal quenching materials. Herein, the Sc2Mo3O12:Yb3+/Er3+ and Bi2MoO6:Yb3+/Tm3+ crystals are synthesized via the solid-state reaction, respectively, which have the properties of negative thermal expansion (NTE) and positive thermal expansion (PTE). The composite is obtained through simple mechanical mixing between NTE and PTE crystals, in which the Er3+ and Tm3+ luminescence exhibit enhancement and quenching with increasing temperature, respectively. Based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technique, the maximum relative sensitivity of the thermometer is 3.80% K-1 in the temperature range of 305-425 K. More importantly, the δT ≈ 0.24 K is relatively small meaning excellent accuracy. These findings indicate that the lanthanide-doped NTE and PTE composites may be good candidates for high sensitivity and accuracy thermometry.
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21
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Hu Q, Kong N, Chai Y, Xing Z, Wu Y, Zhang J, Li F, Zhu X. A lanthanide nanocomposite with cross-relaxation enhanced near-infrared emissions as a ratiometric nanothermometer. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:1177-1185. [PMID: 35968804 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00283c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide luminescence nanothermometers (LNTs) provide microscopic, highly sensitive, and visualizable optical signals for reporting temperature information, which is particularly useful in biomedicine to achieve precise diagnosis and therapy. However, LNTs with efficient emissions at the long-wavelength region of the second and the third near-infrared (NIR-II/III) biological window, which is more favourable for in vivo thermometry, are still limited. Herein, we present a lanthanide-doped nanocomposite with Tm3+ and Nd3+ ions as emitters working beyond 1200 nm to construct a dual ratiometric LNT. The cross-relaxation processes among lanthanide ions are employed to establish a strategy to enhance the NIR emissions of Tm3+ for bioimaging-based temperature detection in vivo. The dual ratiometric probes included in the nanocomposite have potential in monitoring the temperature difference and heat transfer at the nanoscale, which would be useful in modulating the heating operation more precisely during thermal therapy and other biomedical applications. This work not only provides a powerful tool for temperature sensing in vivo but also proposes a method to build high-efficiency NIR-II/III lanthanide luminescent nanomaterials for broader bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
| | - Na Kong
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
| | - Yingjie Chai
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenyu Xing
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
| | - Yukai Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
| | - Jieying Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Xingjun Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
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22
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Maciejewska K, Marciniak L. Influence of the Synthesis Conditions on the Morphology and Thermometric Properties of the Lifetime-Based Luminescent Thermometers in YPO 4:Yb 3+,Nd 3+ Nanocrystals. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31466-31473. [PMID: 36092587 PMCID: PMC9453944 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the accuracy of remote temperature readout using luminescent thermometry is determined, among other things, by the relative sensitivity of the thermometer. Therefore, to increase the sensitivity, intensive work is carried out to optimize the host material composition and select the luminescent ions accordingly. However, the role of nanocrystal morphology in thermometric performance is often neglected. This paper presents a systematic study determining the role of synthesis parameters of the solvothermal method on the morphology of YPO4:Yb3+,Nd3+ nanocrystals and their effect on the lifetime of Yb3+ ion-based luminescent thermometer performance. It was shown that by changing the RE3+:(PO4)3- ratio and the concentration of Nd3+ ions, the size, shape, and aggregation level of the nanocrystals can be modified changing the thermometric parameters of the luminescent thermometer. The highest relative sensitivity was obtained for the low RE3+:(PO4)3- ratio and 1% Nd3+ ion concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Maciejewska
- Institute of Low Temperature
and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Marciniak
- Institute of Low Temperature
and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
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23
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Pessoa AR, Galindo JAO, Serge-Correales YE, Amaral AM, Ribeiro SJL, de S Menezes L. 2D Thermal Maps Using Hyperspectral Scanning of Single Upconverting Microcrystals: Experimental Artifacts and Image Processing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38311-38319. [PMID: 35969002 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Whereas lanthanide-based upconverting particles are promising candidates for several micro- and nanothermometry applications, understanding spatially varying effects related to their internal dynamics and interactions with the environment near the surface remains challenging. To separate the bulk from the surface response, this work proposes and performs hyperspectral sample-scanning experiments to obtain spatially resolved thermometric measurements on single microparticles of NaYF4: Yb3+,Er3+. Our results showed that the particle's thermometric response depends on the excitation laser incidence position, which may directly affect the temperature readout. Furthermore, it was noticed that even minor temperature changes (<1 K) caused by room temperature variations at the spectrometer CCD sensor used to record the luminescence signal may significantly modify the measurements. This work also provides some suggestions for building 2D thermal maps that shall be helpful for understanding surface-related effects in micro- and nanothermometers using hyperspectral techniques. Therefore, the results presented herein may impact applications of lanthanide-based nanothermometers, as in the understanding of energy-transfer processes inside systems such as nanoelectronic devices or living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Pessoa
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Jefferson A O Galindo
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - York E Serge-Correales
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson M Amaral
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Sidney J L Ribeiro
- Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14800-060 Araraquara-SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo de S Menezes
- Department of Physics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), 50670-901 Recife-PE, Brazil
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80539 München, Germany
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24
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Ximendes E, Marin R, Carlos LD, Jaque D. Less is more: dimensionality reduction as a general strategy for more precise luminescence thermometry. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:237. [PMID: 35896538 PMCID: PMC9329371 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00932-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Thermal resolution (also referred to as temperature uncertainty) establishes the minimum discernible temperature change sensed by luminescent thermometers and is a key figure of merit to rank them. Much has been done to minimize its value via probe optimization and correction of readout artifacts, but little effort was put into a better exploitation of calibration datasets. In this context, this work aims at providing a new perspective on the definition of luminescence-based thermometric parameters using dimensionality reduction techniques that emerged in the last years. The application of linear (Principal Component Analysis) and non-linear (t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding) transformations to the calibration datasets obtained from rare-earth nanoparticles and semiconductor nanocrystals resulted in an improvement in thermal resolution compared to the more classical intensity-based and ratiometric approaches. This, in turn, enabled precise monitoring of temperature changes smaller than 0.1 °C. The methods here presented allow choosing superior thermometric parameters compared to the more classical ones, pushing the performance of luminescent thermometers close to the experimentally achievable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erving Ximendes
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Fısica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
- NanoBIG, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain.
| | - Riccardo Marin
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Fısica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
| | - Luis Dias Carlos
- Phantom-g, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Daniel Jaque
- NanoBIG, Departamento de Fısica de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- NanoBIG, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
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25
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Lv R, Raab M, Wang Y, Tian J, Lin J, Prasad PN. Nanochemistry advancing photon conversion in rare-earth nanostructures for theranostics. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Huang J, Yan L, Liu S, Tao L, Zhou B. Expanding the toolbox of photon upconversion for emerging frontier applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1167-1195. [PMID: 35084000 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01654g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photon upconversion in lanthanide-based materials has recently shown compelling advantages in a wide range of fields due to their exceptional anti-Stokes luminescence performances and physicochemical properties. In particular, the latest breakthroughs in the optical manipulation of photon upconversion, such as the precise tuning of switchable emission profiles and lifetimes, open up new opportunities for diverse frontier applications from biological imaging to therapy, nanophotonics and three-dimensional displays. A summary and discussion on the recent progress can provide new insights into the fundamental understanding of luminescence mechanisms and also help to inspire new upconversion concepts and promote their frontier applications. Herein, we present a review on the state-of-the-art progress of lanthanide-based upconversion materials, focusing on the newly emerging approaches to the smart control of upconversion in aspects of light intensity, colors, and lifetimes, as well as new concepts. The emerging scientific and technological discoveries based on the well-designed upconversion materials are highlighted and discussed, along with the challenges and future perspectives. This review will contribute to the understanding of the fundamental research of photon upconversion and further promote the development of new classes of efficient upconversion materials towards diversities of frontier applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Long Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Songbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Lili Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Photonics Technology, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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27
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Chamberlain TW, Perrella RV, Oliveira TM, de Sousa Filho PC, Walton RI. A Highly Stable Yttrium Organic Framework as a Host for Optical Thermometry and D 2 O Detection. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200410. [PMID: 35157353 PMCID: PMC9313560 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The yttrium organic framework (Y0.89 Tb0.10 Eu0.01 )6 (BDC)7 (OH)4 (H2 O)4 (BDC=benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) is hydrothermally stable up to at least 513 K and thermally stable in air in excess of 673 K. The relative intensities of luminescence of Tb3+ and Eu3+ are governed by Tb3+ -to-Eu3+ phonon-assisted energy transfer and Tb3+ -to-ligand back transfer and are responsible for the differing temperature-dependent luminescence of the two ions. This provides a ratiometric luminescent thermometer in the 288-573 K temperature range, not previously seen for MOF materials, with a high sensitivity, 1.69±0.04 % K-1 at 523 K. In aqueous conditions, loosely bound H2 O can be replaced by D2 O in the same material, which modifies decay lifetimes to yield a quantitative luminescent D2 O sensor with a useful sensitivity for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael V. Perrella
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of CampinasPO Box 615413083-970CampinasSPBrazil
| | - Tamires M. Oliveira
- Institute of ChemistryUniversity of CampinasPO Box 615413083-970CampinasSPBrazil
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28
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Kong N, Hu Q, Wu Y, Zhu X. Lanthanide Luminescent Nanocomposite for Non‐Invasive Temperature Monitoring in Vivo. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104237. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Kong
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Middle Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Qian Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Middle Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Yukai Wu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Middle Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
| | - Xingjun Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 393 Middle Huaxia Road Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
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29
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Shen Y, Lifante J, Zabala-Gutierrez I, de la Fuente-Fernández M, Granado M, Fernández N, Rubio-Retama J, Jaque D, Marin R, Ximendes E, Benayas A. Reliable and Remote Monitoring of Absolute Temperature during Liver Inflammation via Luminescence-Lifetime-Based Nanothermometry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107764. [PMID: 34826883 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Temperature of tissues and organs is one of the first parameters affected by physiological and pathological processes, such as metabolic activity, acute trauma, or infection-induced inflammation. Therefore, the onset and development of these processes can be detected by monitoring deviations from basal temperature. To accomplish this, minimally invasive, reliable, and accurate measurement of the absolute temperature of internal organs is required. Luminescence nanothermometry is the ideal technology for meeting these requirements. Although this technique has lately undergone remarkable developments, its reliability is being questioned due to spectral distortions caused by biological tissues. In this work, how the use of bright Ag2 S nanoparticles featuring temperature-dependent fluorescence lifetime enables reliable and accurate measurement of the absolute temperature of the liver in mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation is demonstrated. Beyond the remarkable thermal sensitivity (≈ 3% °C-1 around 37 °C) and thermal resolution obtained (smaller than 0.3 °C), the results included in this work set a blueprint for the development of new diagnostic procedures based on the use of intracorporeal temperature as a physiological indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Shen
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José Lifante
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Irene Zabala-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Granado
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Nuria Fernández
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Jorge Rubio-Retama
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal S/N, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Riccardo Marin
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Erving Ximendes
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Antonio Benayas
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Ctra de Colmenar Viejo Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
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30
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Zheng B, Fan J, Chen B, Qin X, Wang J, Wang F, Deng R, Liu X. Rare-Earth Doping in Nanostructured Inorganic Materials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5519-5603. [PMID: 34989556 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Impurity doping is a promising method to impart new properties to various materials. Due to their unique optical, magnetic, and electrical properties, rare-earth ions have been extensively explored as active dopants in inorganic crystal lattices since the 18th century. Rare-earth doping can alter the crystallographic phase, morphology, and size, leading to tunable optical responses of doped nanomaterials. Moreover, rare-earth doping can control the ultimate electronic and catalytic performance of doped nanomaterials in a tunable and scalable manner, enabling significant improvements in energy harvesting and conversion. A better understanding of the critical role of rare-earth doping is a prerequisite for the development of an extensive repertoire of functional nanomaterials for practical applications. In this review, we highlight recent advances in rare-earth doping in inorganic nanomaterials and the associated applications in many fields. This review covers the key criteria for rare-earth doping, including basic electronic structures, lattice environments, and doping strategies, as well as fundamental design principles that enhance the electrical, optical, catalytic, and magnetic properties of the material. We also discuss future research directions and challenges in controlling rare-earth doping for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Institute for Composites Science Innovation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jingyue Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Renren Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Institute for Composites Science Innovation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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31
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Li L, Zhang C, Xu L, Ye C, Chen S, Wang X, Song Y. Luminescence Ratiometric Nanothermometry Regulated by Tailoring Annihilators of Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Nanomicelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Changqing Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Shuoran Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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32
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Li L, Zhang C, Xu L, Ye C, Chen S, Wang X, Song Y. Luminescence Ratiometric Nanothermometry Regulated by Tailoring Annihilators of Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Nanomicelles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26725-26733. [PMID: 34623016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion is a special non-linear photophysical process that converts low-energy photons into high-energy photons based on sensitizer/annihilator pairs. Here, we constructed a novel luminescence ratiometric nanothermometer based on TTA upconversion nanomicelles by encapsulating sensitizer/annihilator molecules into a temperature-sensitive amphiphilic triblock polymer and obtained good linear relationships between the luminescence ratio (integrated intensity ratio of upconverted luminescence peak to the downshifted phosphorescence peak) and the temperature. We also found chemical modification of annihilators would rule out the interference of the polymer concentration and stereochemical engineering of annihilators would readily regulate the thermal sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Shuoran Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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33
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Raab ME, Maurizio SL, Capobianco JA, Prasad PN. Lifetime of the 3H 4 Electronic State in Tm 3+-Doped Upconverting Nanoparticles for NIR Nanothermometry. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13132-13136. [PMID: 34813703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Emission bands from thermally coupled states in lanthanide-doped nanoparticles have been studied for ratiometric nanothermometry in biological applications. Unfortunately certain factors such as water absorption distort the intensity, limiting the accuracy of ratiometric nanothermometry. However, the decay time of such states does not suffer from such distortions. We introduce the decay time of the 3H4 state in Yb3+, Tm3+-doped nanoparticles for improved nanothermometry. The strong 800 nm upconversion emission exists in the first biological transparency window. This is the first use of a single upconversion band for lifetime nanothermometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah E Raab
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States.,The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Steven L Maurizio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Nanoscience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - John A Capobianco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Nanoscience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Paras N Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States.,The Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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34
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Yu D, Li H, Zhang D, Zhang Q, Meijerink A, Suta M. One ion to catch them all: Targeted high-precision Boltzmann thermometry over a wide temperature range with Gd 3. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:236. [PMID: 34811347 PMCID: PMC8608900 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ratiometric luminescence thermometry with trivalent lanthanide ions and their 4fn energy levels is an emerging technique for non-invasive remote temperature sensing with high spatial and temporal resolution. Conventional ratiometric luminescence thermometry often relies on thermal coupling between two closely lying energy levels governed by Boltzmann's law. Despite its simplicity, Boltzmann thermometry with two excited levels allows precise temperature sensing, but only within a limited temperature range. While low temperatures slow down the nonradiative transitions required to generate a measurable population in the higher excitation level, temperatures that are too high favour equalized populations of the two excited levels, at the expense of low relative thermal sensitivity. In this work, we extend the concept of Boltzmann thermometry to more than two excited levels and provide quantitative guidelines that link the choice of energy gaps between multiple excited states to the performance in different temperature windows. By this approach, it is possible to retain the high relative sensitivity and precision of the temperature measurement over a wide temperature range within the same system. We demonstrate this concept using YAl3(BO3)4 (YAB):Pr3+, Gd3+ with an excited 6PJ crystal field and spin-orbit split levels of Gd3+ in the UV range to avoid a thermal black body background even at the highest temperatures. This phosphor is easily excitable with inexpensive and powerful blue LEDs at 450 nm. Zero-background luminescence thermometry is realized by using blue-to-UV energy transfer upconversion with the Pr3+-Gd3+ couple upon excitation in the visible range. This method allows us to cover a temperature window between 30 and 800 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechao Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huaiyong Li
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, and Institute of Optical Communication Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Suta
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1, 3584 CC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Inorganic Photoactive Materials, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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35
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Li X, Chen Y, Yang T, Zhu Y, Mao Q, Zhong J, Li S. Dual-phase glass ceramics for dual-modal optical thermometry through a spatial isolation strategy. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:16223-16232. [PMID: 34730153 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03154f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Glass ceramics (GCs) can be an ideal medium for dopant spatial isolation, avoiding the adverse energy transfer process. Herein, a spatial isolation strategy is proposed and fulfilled by dual-phase GCs. Structural characterization performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), verified the successful dual-phase precipitation of tetragonal LiYF4 and cubic ZnAl2O4 nanocrystals (NCs) among aluminosilicate glasses. Impressively, it is evidenced that intense blue upconversion (UC) emission of Tm3+ and deep red DS emission can be attained simultaneously upon 980 nm NIR and 400 nm violet light excitation, respectively, owing to the extremely suppressed adverse energy transfer process between physically separated Tm3+ and Cr3+. This also suggests the partition of Yb3+ and Tm3+ into LiYF4 and Cr3+ into ZnAl2O4 respectively. In particular, optical thermometry based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of Tm3+ and fluorescence lifetime of Cr3+ of dual-phase GCs were also performed in detail, with the maximum relative sensitivity of 1.87% K-1 at 396 K and 0.81% K-1 at 503 K, respectively. As a consequence, such a spatial isolation strategy would provide a convenient route for application in optical thermometry and extend the practical application of GC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Li
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China. .,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Youli Chen
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Qinan Mao
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Jiasong Zhong
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials & Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Shichen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.
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Liu X, Skripka A, Lai Y, Jiang C, Liu J, Vetrone F, Liang J. Fast wide-field upconversion luminescence lifetime thermometry enabled by single-shot compressed ultrahigh-speed imaging. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6401. [PMID: 34737314 PMCID: PMC8568918 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoluminescence lifetime imaging of upconverting nanoparticles is increasingly featured in recent progress in optical thermometry. Despite remarkable advances in photoluminescent temperature indicators, existing optical instruments lack the ability of wide-field photoluminescence lifetime imaging in real time, thus falling short in dynamic temperature mapping. Here, we report video-rate upconversion temperature sensing in wide field using single-shot photoluminescence lifetime imaging thermometry (SPLIT). Developed from a compressed-sensing ultrahigh-speed imaging paradigm, SPLIT first records wide-field luminescence intensity decay compressively in two views in a single exposure. Then, an algorithm, built upon the plug-and-play alternating direction method of multipliers, is used to reconstruct the video, from which the extracted lifetime distribution is converted to a temperature map. Using the core/shell NaGdF4:Er3+,Yb3+/NaGdF4 upconverting nanoparticles as the lifetime-based temperature indicators, we apply SPLIT in longitudinal wide-field temperature monitoring beneath a thin scattering medium. SPLIT also enables video-rate temperature mapping of a moving biological sample at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglei Liu
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Artiom Skripka
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain and The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yingming Lai
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Jingdan Liu
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada.
| | - Jinyang Liang
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X1S2, Canada.
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37
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Luminescent lanthanide nanocomposites in thermometry: Chemistry of dopant ions and host matrices. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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38
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Renero-Lecuna C, Herrero A, Jimenez de Aberasturi D, Martínez-Flórez M, Valiente R, Mychinko M, Bals S, Liz-Marzán LM. Nd 3+-Doped Lanthanum Oxychloride Nanocrystals as Nanothermometers. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:19887-19896. [PMID: 34557262 PMCID: PMC8450905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c05828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of optical nanothermometers operating in the near-infrared (NIR) is of high relevance toward temperature measurements in biological systems. We propose herein the use of Nd3+-doped lanthanum oxychloride nanocrystals as an efficient system with intense photoluminescence under NIR irradiation in the first biological transparency window and emission in the second biological window with excellent emission stability over time under 808 nm excitation, regardless of Nd3+ concentration, which can be considered as a particular strength of our system. Additionally, surface passivation through overgrowth of an inert LaOCl shell around optically active LaOCl/Nd3+ cores was found to further enhance the photoluminescence intensity and also the lifetime of the 1066 nm, 4F3/2 to 4I11/2 transition, without affecting its (ratiometric) sensitivity toward temperature changes. As required for biological applications, we show that the obtained (initially hydrophobic) nanocrystals can be readily transferred into aqueous solvents with high, long-term stability, through either ligand exchange or encapsulation with an amphiphilic polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Renero-Lecuna
- CIC
BiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ada Herrero
- CIC
BiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
| | - Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi
- CIC
BiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería,
Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez-Flórez
- CIC
BiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rafael Valiente
- Department
of Applied Physics, University of Cantabria
- IDIVAL, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Mikhail Mychinko
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT) and NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luis M. Liz-Marzán
- CIC
BiomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioingeniería,
Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, University of the
Basque Country, UPV-EHU, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
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Fujiwara M, Shikano Y. Diamond quantum thermometry: from foundations to applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:482002. [PMID: 34416739 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1fb1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diamond quantum thermometry exploits the optical and electrical spin properties of colour defect centres in diamonds and, acts as a quantum sensing method exhibiting ultrahigh precision and robustness. Compared to the existing luminescent nanothermometry techniques, a diamond quantum thermometer can be operated over a wide temperature range and a sensor spatial scale ranging from nanometres to micrometres. Further, diamond quantum thermometry is employed in several applications, including electronics and biology, to explore these fields with nanoscale temperature measurements. This review covers the operational principles of diamond quantum thermometry for spin-based and all-optical methods, material development of diamonds with a focus on thermometry, and examples of applications in electrical and biological systems with demand-based technological requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masazumi Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shikano
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 4-2 Aramaki, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
- Quantum Computing Center, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, 1 University Dr, Orange, CA 92866, United States of America
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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40
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Stopikowska N, Runowski M, Skwierczyńska M, Lis S. Improving performance of luminescent nanothermometers based on non-thermally and thermally coupled levels of lanthanides by modulating laser power. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14139-14146. [PMID: 34477695 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01395e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work sheds light on the pump power impact on the performance of luminescent thermometers, which is often underestimated by researchers. An up-converting, inorganic nanoluminophore, YVO4:Yb3+,Er3+ (nanothermometer) was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and a subsequent calcination. This nanomaterial appears as a white powder composed of small nanoparticles (≈20 nm), exhibiting a very intense, green upconverted luminescence (λex = 975 nm), visible to the naked eye. Its emission spectrum consists of four Er3+ bands (500-850 nm) and one Yb3+ band (>900 nm). The obtained compound exhibits temperature-dependent luminescence properties, hence it is used as an optical nanosensor of temperature. The determined band intensity ratios of the non-thermally coupled levels (non-TCLs) of Yb3+/Er3+ and thermally coupled levels (TCLs) of Er3+ are correlated with temperature, and they are used for ratiometric sensing of temperature. The effects of the pump (NIR laser) power on the luminescence properties of the material, including band intensity ratios, absolute and relative sensitivities and temperature resolution are analysed. It was pointed out that the applied laser power has a huge impact on the values of the aforementioned thermometric parameters, and manipulating the laser power can significantly improve the performance of optical nanothermometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Stopikowska
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Rare Earths, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marcin Runowski
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Rare Earths, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Skwierczyńska
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Rare Earths, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Stefan Lis
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Rare Earths, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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41
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Maciejewska K, Bednarkiewicz A, Marciniak L. NIR luminescence lifetime nanothermometry based on phonon assisted Yb 3+-Nd 3+ energy transfer. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4918-4925. [PMID: 36132339 PMCID: PMC9418974 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00285f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence thermometry in biomedical sciences is a highly desirable, but also highly challenging and demanding technology. Numerous artifacts have been found during steady-state spectroscopy temperature quantification, such as ratiometric spectroscopy. Oppositely, the luminescence lifetime is considered as the most reliable indicator of temperature thermometry because this luminescent feature is not susceptible to sample properties or luminescence reabsorption by the nanothermometers themselves. Unfortunately, this type of thermometer is much less studied and known. Here, the thermometric properties of Yb3+ ions in Nd0.5RE0.4Yb0.1PO4 luminescent temperature probes were evaluated, aiming to design and optimize luminescence lifetime based nanothermometers. Temperature dependence of the luminescence lifetimes is induced by thermally activated phonon assisted energy transfer from the 2F5/2 state of Yb3+ ions to the 4F3/2 state of Nd3+ ions, which in turn is responsible for the significant quenching of the Yb3+:2F5/2 lifetime. It was also found that the thermal quenching and thus the relative sensitivity of the luminescent thermometer can be intentionally altered by the RE ions used (RE = Y, Lu, La, and Gd). The highest relative sensitivity was found to be S R = 1.22% K-1 at 355 K for Nd0.5Y0.4Yb0.1PO4 and it remains above 1% K-1 up to 500 K. The high sensitivity and reliable thermometric performance of Nd0.5La0.4Yb0.1PO4 were confirmed by the high reproducibility of the temperature readout and the temperature uncertainty being as low as δT = 0.05 K at 383 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Maciejewska
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Okólna 2 50-422 Wroclaw Poland
| | - A Bednarkiewicz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Okólna 2 50-422 Wroclaw Poland
| | - L Marciniak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Okólna 2 50-422 Wroclaw Poland
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Thiem J, Ruehl A, Ristau D. Influence of Pumping Regime on Temperature Resolution in Nanothermometry. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071782. [PMID: 34361168 PMCID: PMC8354011 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, optical nanothermometers have seen huge improvements in terms of precision as well as versatility, and several research efforts have been directed at adapting novel active materials or further optimizing the temperature sensitivity. The signal-to-noise ratio of the emission lines is commonly seen as the only limitation regarding high precision measurements. The role of re-absorption caused by a population of lower energy levels, however, has so far been neglected as a potential bottleneck for both high resolution and material selection. In this work, we conduct a study of the time dependent evolution of population densities in different luminescence nanothermometer classes under the commonly used pulsed excitation scheme. It is shown that the population of lower energy levels varies when the pump source fluctuates in terms of power and pulse duration. This leads to a significant degradation in temperature resolution, with limiting values of 0.5 K for common systems. Our study on the error margin indicates that either short pulsed or continuous excitation should be preferred for high precision measurements. Additionally, we derive conversion factors, enabling the re-calibration of currently available intensity ratio measurements to the steady state regime, thus facilitating the transition from pulse regimes to continuous excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Thiem
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (J.T.); (D.R.)
| | - Axel Ruehl
- QUEST-Leibniz-Research School, Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Detlev Ristau
- Institute of Quantum Optics, Leibniz University Hannover, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; (J.T.); (D.R.)
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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43
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Nexha A, Carvajal JJ, Pujol MC, Díaz F, Aguiló M. Lanthanide doped luminescence nanothermometers in the biological windows: strategies and applications. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7913-7987. [PMID: 33899861 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09150b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of lanthanide-doped non-contact luminescent nanothermometers with accuracy, efficiency and fast diagnostic tools attributed to their versatility, stability and narrow emission band profiles has spurred the replacement of conventional contact thermal probes. The application of lanthanide-doped materials as temperature nanosensors, excited by ultraviolet, visible or near infrared light, and the generation of emissions lying in the biological window regions, I-BW (650 nm-950 nm), II-BW (1000 nm-1350 nm), III-BW (1400 nm-2000 nm) and IV-BW (centered at 2200 nm), are notably growing due to the advantages they present, including reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching, better image contrast and deeper penetration depths into biological tissues. Here, the different mechanisms used in lanthanide ion-doped nanomaterials to sense temperature in these biological windows for biomedical and other applications are summarized, focusing on factors that affect their thermal sensitivity, and consequently their temperature resolution. Comparing the thermometric performance of these nanomaterials in each biological window, we identified the strategies that allow boosting of their sensing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albenc Nexha
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA)-EMaS, Campus Sescelades, E-43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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Measuring 3D orientation of nanocrystals via polarized luminescence of rare-earth dopants. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1943. [PMID: 33782386 PMCID: PMC8007814 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orientation of nanoscale objects can be measured by examining the polarized emission of optical probes. To retrieve a three-dimensional (3D) orientation, it has been essential to observe the probe (a dipole) along multiple viewing angles and scan with a rotating analyzer. However, this method requires a sophisticated optical setup and is subject to various external sources of error. Here, we present a fundamentally different approach employing coupled multiple emission dipoles that are inherent in lanthanide-doped phosphors. Simultaneous observation of different dipoles and comparison of their relative intensities allow to determine the 3D orientation from a single viewing angle. Moreover, the distinct natures of electric and magnetic dipoles originating in lanthanide luminescence enable an instant orientation analysis with a single-shot emission spectrum. We demonstrate a straightforward orientation analysis of Eu3+-doped NaYF4 nanocrystals using a conventional fluorescence microscope. Direct imaging of the rod-shaped nanocrystals proved the high accuracy of the measurement. This methodology would provide insights into the mechanical behaviors of various nano- and biomolecular systems. Determining the orientation of nanoscale objects in three-dimensional space has typically required complicated optical setups. Here, the authors develop a simple method to retrieve the 3D orientation of luminescent, lanthanide-doped nanorods from a single-shot emission spectrum.
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Elzbieciak-Piecka K, Drabik J, Jaque D, Marciniak L. Cr 3+ based nanocrystalline luminescent thermometers operating in a temporal domain. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:25949-25962. [PMID: 33165480 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03453c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cr3+ doped nanocrystals were examined as a noncontact temperature sensor in a lifetime-based approach. The impact of both the analysis protocols and host materials on the lifetime-based approach was systematically investigated. Temperature-dependent luminescence decay curves were analyzed according to three different procedures (average lifetime approach, double exponential fit and time-gated ratiometric approach). The advantages and drawbacks of each method are discussed. Additionally, the thermal sensitivities derived from the average lifetime approach and the double exponential fit revealed a strong dependence of the thermal sensitivity of the Cr3+ doped nanocrystals on the crystal field strength. In these cases, it was found that the long metal-oxygen distances in the host materials improve the thermal sensitivity of the system. This work reveals the importance of both host materials and analysis procedures in the lifetime thermal sensitivity of Cr3+ doped nanocrystals and opens up an avenue towards their future optimization.
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46
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Marciniak L, Trejgis K, Lisiecki R, Bednarkiewicz A. Synergy between NIR luminescence and thermal emission toward highly sensitive NIR operating emissive thermometry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19692. [PMID: 33184455 PMCID: PMC7664999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many figures of merit, which determine suitability of luminescent thermometers for practical applications. These include thermal sensitivity, thermal accuracy as well as ease and cost effectivness of technical implementation. A novel contactless emission thermometer is proposed, which takes advantage of the coexistence of photoluminescence from Nd3+ doping ions and black body emission in transparent Nd3+ doped-oxyfluorotellurite glass host matrix. The opposite temperature dependent emission from these two phenomena, enables to achieve exceptionally high relative sensitivity SR = 8.2%/°C at 220 °C. This enables to develop new type of emissive noncontact temperature sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Marciniak
- Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Karolina Trejgis
- Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Radosław Lisiecki
- Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Artur Bednarkiewicz
- Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Wrocław, Poland
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47
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Jia M, Sun Z, Zhang M, Xu H, Fu Z. What determines the performance of lanthanide-based ratiometric nanothermometers? NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20776-20785. [PMID: 33030482 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) nanothermometers are ideally suited for noninvasive temperature detection of microelectronic devices and living cells, and the painstaking pursuit of new nanothermometers with higher absolute temperature sensitivity (Sa) or relative temperature sensitivity (Sr) has dominated recent research. However, whether higher Sa and Sr values can intrinsically improve the performance of LIR nanothermometers and what factors essentially determine their accuracy have rarely been considered; these considerations are instructive for their design and application while reducing time and costs. Here, we clarify that the accuracy of lanthanide-based LIR nanothermometers is essentially determined by Sr and the relative error of the luminescence intensity (σI/I) but not Sa based on lanthanide-doped NaYF4, YPO4, YVO4, CaF2, YF3, Y2O3, BaTiO3, LaAlO3 and Y3Al5O12 temperature sensors, meaning that our previous pursuit of higher Sa does not contribute to the accuracy of lanthanide-based LIR nanothermometers. Further research reveals that σI/I is primarily influenced by energy level splitting, which can deteriorate the temperature uncertainty. For actual temperature detection of biological tissues, in addition to the above intrinsic factors, we shed light on the effects of probe self-heating, excitation power density, emission intensity and penetration depth on temperature readouts via a polyethyleneimine-modified NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+@NaYF4-PEI aqueous solution, implying that we will continue to optimize nanothermometers and calibrate readouts according to the local environment. This work unifies the metrics of lanthanide-based LIR nanothermometers, corrects the previous misunderstanding of Sa to mitigate invalid work, and provides careful guidance for their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mochen Jia
- Coherent Light and Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zhen Sun
- Coherent Light and Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Mingxuan Zhang
- Coherent Light and Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Hanyu Xu
- Coherent Light and Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Zuoling Fu
- Coherent Light and Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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Skripka A, Benayas A, Brites CDS, Martín IR, Carlos LD, Vetrone F. Inert Shell Effect on the Quantum Yield of Neodymium-Doped Near-Infrared Nanoparticles: The Necessary Shield in an Aqueous Dispersion. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7648-7654. [PMID: 32941042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (LnNPs) are versatile near-infrared (NIR) emitting nanoprobes that have led to their growing interest for use in biomedicine-related imaging. Toward the brightest LnNPs, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) values are attained by implementing core/shell engineering, particularly with an optically inert shell. In this work, a thorough investigation is performed to quantify how an outer inert shell maintains the PLQY of Nd3+-doped LnNPs dispersed in an aqueous environment. Three relevant quantitative findings affecting the PLQY of Nd3+-doped LnNPs are identified: (i) the PLQY of core LnNPs is improved 3-fold upon inert shell coating; (ii) PLQY decreases with increasing Nd3+ doping despite the inert shell; and (iii) solvent quenching has a major influence on the PLQY of the LnNPs, though it is relatively lessened for high Nd3+ doping. Overall, we shed new light on the impact of the LnNP architecture on the NIR emission, as well as on the quenching effects caused by doping concentration and solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artiom Skripka
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Antonio Benayas
- Phantom-g, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlos D S Brites
- Phantom-g, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inocencio R Martín
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de La Laguna, Apdo. 456. E-38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología (IMN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apdo. 456, E-38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luís D Carlos
- Phantom-g, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fiorenzo Vetrone
- Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université du Québec, 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
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Suta M, Meijerink A. A Theoretical Framework for Ratiometric Single Ion Luminescent Thermometers—Thermodynamic and Kinetic Guidelines for Optimized Performance. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Suta
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Princetonplein 1 Utrecht 3584 CC The Netherlands
| | - Andries Meijerink
- Condensed Matter and Interfaces Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University Princetonplein 1 Utrecht 3584 CC The Netherlands
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Yu S, Xu J, Shang X, Zheng W, Huang P, Li R, Tu D, Chen X. A Dual-Excitation Decoding Strategy Based on NIR Hybrid Nanocomposites for High-Accuracy Thermal Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001589. [PMID: 33101860 PMCID: PMC7578878 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Optical thermal sensing holds great promise for disease theranostics. However, traditional ratiometric thermometry methods, in which intensity ratio of two nonoverlapping emissions is defined as the thermosensitive parameter, may have a limited accuracy in temperature read-out due to the deleterious interference from wavelength- and temperature-dependent photon attenuation in tissue. To overcome this limitation, a dual-excitation decoding strategy based on NIR hybrid nanocomposites comprising self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) and Nd3+ doped fluoride nanocrystals (NCs) is proposed for thermal sensing. Upon excitation at 808 nm, the intensity ratio of two emissions at identical wavelength (1057 nm) from QDs and NCs, respectively, is defined as the thermometric parameter R. By employing another 830 nm laser beam following the same optical path as 808 nm laser to exclusively excite QDs, the two overlapping emissions can be easily decoded. The acquired R proves to be inert to the detection depth in tissue, with a minimized temperature reading error of ≈2.3 °C at 35 °C (at a depth of ≈1.1 mm), while the traditional thermometry mode based on the nonoverlapping 1025 and 863 nm emissions may exhibit a large error of ≈43.0 °C. The insights provided by this work pave the way toward high-accuracy deep-tissue biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
| | - Xiaoying Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
| | - Wei Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
| | - Ping Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
| | - Renfu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
| | - Datao Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional NanostructuresState Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350002China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian350108China
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