1
|
Aragoneses-Cazorla G, Alvarez-Fernandez Garcia R, Martinez-Lopez A, Gomez Gomez M, Vallet-Regí M, Castillo-Lluva S, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Mechanistic insights into the antitumoral potential and in vivo antiproliferative efficacy of a silver-based core@shell nanosystem. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124023. [PMID: 38513815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the antitumoral efficacy of a hybrid nanosystem, comprised of a silver core@shell (Ag@MSNs) functionalized with transferrin (Tf). Employing a SILAC proteomics strategy, we identified over 150 de-regulated proteins following exposure to the nanosystem. These proteins play pivotal roles in diverse cellular processes, including mitochondrial fission, calcium homeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress response, migration, invasion, protein synthesis, RNA maturation, chemoresistance, and cellular proliferation. Rigorous validation of key findings substantiates that the nanosystem elicits its antitumoral effects by activating mitochondrial fission, leading to disruptions in calcium homeostasis, as corroborated by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry analyses. Additionally, induction of ER stress was validated through western blotting of ER stress markers. The cytotoxic action of the nanosystem was further affirmed through the generation of cytosolic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, in vivo experiments using a chicken embryo model not only confirmed the antitumoral capacity of the nanosystem, but also demonstrated its efficacy in reducing cellular proliferation. These comprehensive findings endorse the potential of the designed Ag@MSNs-Tf nanosystem as a groundbreaking chemotherapeutic agent, shedding light on its multifaceted mechanisms and in vivo applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Aragoneses-Cazorla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Angelica Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Gomez Gomez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Jose L Luque-Garcia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Shang J, Tang X, Xu X. TfR Aptamer-Functionalized MSNs for Enhancing Targeted Cellular Uptake and Therapy of Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:48975-48983. [PMID: 38162791 PMCID: PMC10753727 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), as novel nanocarriers for drug delivery in cancer treatment, have attracted widespread concern because of their rich pore structure, large pore capacity, ease of modification, and biocompatibility. However, the limitation of nontargeting and low uptake efficiency hindered their further application. Considering the overexpression of the transferrin receptor (TfR) on most cancer cell membranes, herein, we propose a strategy to effectively enhance the cellular internalization of MSNs by arming them with the TfR aptamer. Cellular fluorescent imaging and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that TfR aptamer-functionalized MSNs exhibited superior cellular internalization compared to unmodified or random sequence-modified MSNs toward three different cancer cell lines, including MCF-7, HeLa, and A549. Furthermore, TfR aptamer-functionalized MSNs displayed enhanced drug delivery efficiency compared with MSNs at equivalent doses and incubation times. These results suggested that TfR aptamer-functionalized MSNs have the potential for enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents into TfR-positive cancer cells to improve therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- School
of Nursing and Health Management, Wuhan
Donghu University, Wuhan 430212, China
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei
Key Lab of Novel Reaction & Green Chemical Technology, School
of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan
Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jing Shang
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei
Key Lab of Novel Reaction & Green Chemical Technology, School
of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan
Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiuhui Tang
- School
of Electrical and Information Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei
Key Lab of Novel Reaction & Green Chemical Technology, School
of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan
Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang Y, Nahar S, Alam MM, Hu S, McVicar DW, Yang D. Reactive Oxygen Species-Sensitive Biodegradable Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Harboring TheraVac Elicit Tumor-Specific Immunity for Colon Tumor Treatment. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19740-19752. [PMID: 37831945 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment through invigorating robust antitumor immune response. Here, we report the development of a therapeutic vaccine [consisting of high mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 1 (HMGN1), resiquimod/R848, and anti-PD-L1 (αPD-L1)]-loaded reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN@TheraVac) for curative therapy of colon cancer. In MSN@TheraVac, αPD-L1 conjugated onto the surface of MSNs via a diselenide bond, which can be rapidly released under the oxidative condition of the tumor microenvironment to avert immunosuppression and effector T cell exhaustion while coloaded HMGN1 and R848 would cooperatively trigger robust tumor-infiltrating dendritic cell (TiDC) maturation and elicitation of antitumor immune responses. Indeed, MSN@TheraVac induced the maturation and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) by promoting the surface expression of CD80, CD86, and CD103 as well as the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, IL-12, and IL-1β. Importantly, treatment with intravenous MSN@TheraVac led to a complete cure of 100% of BALB/c mice bearing large colon tumors and induced the generation of tumor-specific protective memory without apparent toxicity. Thus, MSN@TheraVac provides a timely release of TheraVac for the curative treatment of colon tumors and holds potential for translation into a clinical therapy for patients with immunologically "cold" colorectal cancers. This ROS-responsive MSN platform may also be tailored for the selective delivery of other cancer vaccines for effective immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick 21702, Maryland, United States
- Department of PET Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Saifun Nahar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick 21702, Maryland, United States
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, Maryland, United States
| | - Md Masud Alam
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick 21702, Maryland, United States
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, Maryland, United States
| | - Shuo Hu
- Department of PET Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick 21702, Maryland, United States
| | - De Yang
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick 21702, Maryland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu W, Zhu X, Liu J, Zhou J. Biofunctionalized Decellularized Tissue-Engineered Heart Valve with Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Controlled Release of VEGF and RunX2-siRNA against Calcification. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:859. [PMID: 37508886 PMCID: PMC10376836 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of tissue-engineered heart valves (TEHV) is to replace normal heart valves and overcome the shortcomings of heart valve replacement commonly used in clinical practice. However, calcification of TEHV is the major bottleneck to break for both clinical workers and researchers. Endothelialization of TEHV plays a crucial role in delaying valve calcification by reducing platelet adhesion and covering the calcified spots. In the present study, we loaded RunX2-siRNA and VEGF into mesoporous silica nanoparticles and investigated the properties of anti-calcification and endothelialization in vitro. Then, the mesoporous silica nanoparticle was immobilized on the decellularized porcine aortic valve (DPAV) by layer self-assembly and investigated the anti-calcification and endothelialization. Our results demonstrated that the mesoporous silica nanoparticles delivery vehicle demonstrated good biocompatibility, and a stable release of RunX2-siRNA and VEGF. The hybrid decellularized valve exhibited a low hemolysis rate and promoted endothelial cell proliferation and adhesion while silencing RunX2 gene expression in valve interstitial cells, and the hybrid decellularized valve showed good mechanical properties. Finally, the in vivo experiment showed that the mesoporous silica nanoparticles delivery vehicle could enhance the endothelialization of the hybrid valve. In summary, we constructed a delivery system based on mesoporous silica to biofunctionalized TEHV scaffold for endothelialization and anti-calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jichun Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianliang Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang 330006, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aragoneses-Cazorla G, Vallet-Regí M, Gómez-Gómez MM, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis reveals the biomolecular mechanisms associated to the antitumoral potential of a novel silver-based core@shell nanosystem. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:132. [PMID: 36914921 PMCID: PMC10011303 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
A combination of omics techniques (transcriptomics and metabolomics) has been used to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the antitumor action of a nanosystem based on a Ag core coated with mesoporous silica on which transferrin has been anchored as a targeting ligand against tumor cells (Ag@MSNs-Tf). Transcriptomics analysis has been carried out by gene microarrays and RT-qPCR, while high-resolution mass spectrometry has been used for metabolomics. This multi-omics strategy has enabled the discovery of the effect of this nanosystem on different key molecular pathways including the glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the oxidative phosphorylation and the synthesis of fatty acids, among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Aragoneses-Cazorla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (I+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales Y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Saragossa, Spain
| | - Ma Milagros Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (I+12), 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales Y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Saragossa, Spain
| | - Jose L Luque-Garcia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siddiqui B, Rehman AU, Haq IU, Al-Dossary AA, Elaissari A, Ahmed N. Exploiting recent trends for the synthesis and surface functionalization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles towards biomedical applications. Int J Pharm X 2022; 4:100116. [PMID: 35509288 PMCID: PMC9058968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2022.100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid progress in developing multifunctional nanocarriers for drug delivery has been observed in recent years. Inorganic mesoporous silica nanocarriers (MSNs), emerged as an ideal candidate for gene/drug delivery with distinctive morphological features. These ordered carriers of porous nature have gained unique attention due to their distinctive features. Moreover, transformation can be made to these nanocarriers in terms of pores size, pores volume, and particle size by altering specific parameters during synthesis. These ordered porous materials have earned special attention as a drug carrier for treating multiple diseases. Herein, we highlight the strategies employed in synthesizing and functionalizing these versatile nanocarriers. In addition, the various factors that influence their sizes and morphological features were also discussed. The article also summarizes the recent advancements and strategies for drug and gene delivery by rendering smarter MSNs by incorporating functional groups on their surfaces. Averting off-target effects through various capping strategies is a massive milestone for the induction of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that brings out a great revolution in the biomedical field. MSNs serve as an ideal candidate for gene/drug delivery with unique and excellent attributes. MSNs surface can be functionalized using specific materials to impart unique structural features. Functionalization of MSNs with stimuli-responsive molecules can act as gatekeepers by responding to the desired stimulus after uncapping. These capping agents act as vital targeting agents in developing MSNs being employed in various biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bazla Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amal A Al-Dossary
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhamid Elaissari
- Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, ISA-UMR 5280, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang C, Zhang M, Li S, Yi F, Huang H, Xie H, Liu H, Huang R, Zhou J. Effects of Camk2b overexpression and underexpression on the proteome of rat hippocampal neurons. Neuroscience 2022; 503:58-68. [PMID: 36041587 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that Camk2b expression is modified in neuropsychiatric illnesses and potentially affects synaptic plasticity. However, the molecular events arising from Camk2b dysregulation are not fully elucidated and need to be comprehensively explored. In the present study, we first induced over-expression and under-expression of Camk2b in cultured rat hippocampal neurons through transfection with lentivirus plasmids. Then isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics followed by bioinformatics analyses were carried out to explore the impacts of Camk2b dysexpression on the proteome of the neurons. Compared with the respective controls, a total of 270 proteins in the Camk2b-overexpression group and 209 proteins in the Camk2b-underexpression group were experienced a divergence in expression. Gene ontology and pathway analyses indicated that Camk2b overexpression and under-expression respectively induced two different change profiles of protein expressions and functions, reflecting the potential differences in cellular processes and biological events. Through cross comparison, several candidate target proteins regulated directly by Camk2b were revealed. Further network and immunoblot analyses demonstrated that Mapk3 could be an important linker and Camk2b-Mapk3 might serve as a new potential pathway affecting the expression of synaptic proteins in hippocampal neurons. Collectively, the present results offer a new comprehension of the regulatory molecular mechanism of Camk2b and thereby increase our understanding of Camk2b-mediated synaptogenesis in synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuiming Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Gene Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Faping Yi
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Haojun Huang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400062, China.
| | - Hangfei Liu
- Shenzhen Wininnovate Bio-Tech Co, Ltd, Shenzhen 518073, China
| | - Rongzhong Huang
- Statistics Laboratory, Chongqing Institute of Life Science, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang H, Xu J, Zhang X, Wang T, Zhou D, Shu W, Zhao T, Fang W. One-Pot Synthesis of Ag/Quaternary Ammonium Salt Co-Decorated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Synergistic Treatment of Cancer and Bacterial Infections. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:875317. [PMID: 35928953 PMCID: PMC9344533 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.875317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing drug delivery nanosystems with both anticancer and antibacterial effects is of great clinical value. Herein, we report a facile approach to synthesize Ag and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) co-decorated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), namely, Ag/QAS-MSNs, for synergistic treatment of cancer and bacterial infections. In vitro studies demonstrated that Ag/QAS-MSNs not only had a strong antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogens but also could efficiently induce cancer cell death through an apoptotic pathway. Moreover, in vivo combination therapy with Ag and QAS in Ag/QAS-MSNs was also tested in a nude mouse tumor model, and a significant synergistic anticancer effect, which is superior to that obtained by therapy with Ag-MSNs or QAS-MSNs alone, was achieved. Such excellent anticancer and antibacterial activity of Ag/QAS-MSNs could be attributed to the synergistic effect of Ag ions and QAS. Thus, Ag/QAS-MSNs have a promising future as potent anticancer agents with high antibacterial performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jianxiang Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Teng Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dairan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Tingting Zhao, ; Weijun Fang,
| | - Weijun Fang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Tingting Zhao, ; Weijun Fang,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vallet-Regí M, Schüth F, Lozano D, Colilla M, Manzano M. Engineering mesoporous silica nanoparticles for drug delivery: where are we after two decades? Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5365-5451. [PMID: 35642539 PMCID: PMC9252171 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present review details a chronological description of the events that took place during the development of mesoporous materials, their different synthetic routes and their use as drug delivery systems. The outstanding textural properties of these materials quickly inspired their translation to the nanoscale dimension leading to mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The different aspects of introducing pharmaceutical agents into the pores of these nanocarriers, together with their possible biodistribution and clearance routes, would be described here. The development of smart nanocarriers that are able to release a high local concentration of the therapeutic cargo on-demand after the application of certain stimuli would be reviewed here, together with their ability to deliver the therapeutic cargo to precise locations in the body. The huge progress in the design and development of MSNs for biomedical applications, including the potential treatment of different diseases, during the last 20 years will be collated here, together with the required work that still needs to be done to achieve the clinical translation of these materials. This review was conceived to stand out from past reports since it aims to tell the story of the development of mesoporous materials and their use as drug delivery systems by some of the story makers, who could be considered to be among the pioneers in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Vallet-Regí
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Pz/Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Pz/Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Montserrat Colilla
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Pz/Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel Manzano
- Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Pz/Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- Networking Research Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khursheed R, Dua K, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Jha NK, Aldhafeeri GM, Alanazi FG, Goh BH, Gupta G, Paudel KR, Hansbro PM, Chellappan DK, Singh SK. Biomedical applications of metallic nanoparticles in cancer: Current status and future perspectives. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 150:112951. [PMID: 35447546 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current advancements in nanotechnology are as an outcome of the development of engineered nanoparticles. Various metallic nanoparticles have been extensively explored for various biomedical applications. They attract lot of attention in biomedical field due to their significant inert nature, and nanoscale structures, with size similar to many biological molecules. Their intrinsic characteristics which include electronic, optical, physicochemical and, surface plasmon resonance, that can be changed by altering certain particle characteristics such as size, shape, environment, aspect ratio, ease of synthesis and functionalization properties have led to numerous applications in various fields of biomedicine. These include targeted drug delivery, sensing, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, imaging, as well as the modulation of two or three applications. The current article also discusses about the various properties of metallic nanoparticles and their applications in cancer imaging and therapeutics. The associated bottlenecks related to their clinical translation are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubiya Khursheed
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Plot No.32-34 Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | | | - Fayez Ghadeer Alanazi
- Lemon Pharmacies, Eastern region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Hafr Al Batin 39957, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney 2007, Australia.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Skóra B, Szychowski KA. Molecular mechanism of the uptake and toxicity of EGF-LipoAgNPs in EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113085. [PMID: 35658239 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is characterized by high reactivity resulting in prooxidative and cytotoxic properties. These effects are observed both in normal and in cancer cells, which overexpress the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). In our previous paper, we have demonstrated that, with the use of liposomes labeled with the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), it is possible to direct the toxic effect of AgNPs in EGFR-overexpressing cells. Unfortunately, the mechanism of uptake and toxicity induction by such liposomes is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of EGF-LipoAgNPs on certain genes related to endocytosis and toxicity induction by such liposomes in human lung (A549) and tongue (SCC-15) cancer cells. The siRNA knock-out gene method was used in this study to determine the engagement of EGFR in this process. The confocal microscopy study revealed that the number of liposomes in the cytoplasm of the A549EGFR- and SCC-15EGFR- cells was lowered by 51.99 × 103 RFU and 138.50 × 103 RFU, respectively, proving the crucial role of EGFR in the liposome uptake. Moreover, the expression of the SHH and ATM genes was significantly increased, whereas the expression of the NRF2 gene was decreased after the treatment with EGF-LipoAgNPs and native AgNPs. Furthermore, the expression of the CLTC, AP2M1, CAV1, and SH3GLB1 genes indicated that the tested liposomes are uptaken via the clathrin-dependent pathway with engagement of the AP-2 complex and endophilin in this process. Summarizing, the created targeted delivery system of AgNPs causes an increase in the prooxidative and toxic effect of such NPs and has an impact on endocytosis regulatory genes, especially those related to the clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, Rzeszow 35-225, Poland.
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, St. Sucharskiego 2, Rzeszow 35-225, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kovács D, Igaz N, Gopisetty MK, Kiricsi M. Cancer Therapy by Silver Nanoparticles: Fiction or Reality? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020839. [PMID: 35055024 PMCID: PMC8777983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging new class, metal nanoparticles and especially silver nanoparticles hold great potential in the field of cancer biology. Due to cancer-specific targeting, the consequently attenuated side-effects and the massive anti-cancer features render nanoparticle therapeutics desirable platforms for clinically relevant drug development. In this review, we highlight those characteristics of silver nanoparticle-based therapeutic concepts that are unique, exploitable, and achievable, as well as those that represent the critical hurdle in their advancement to clinical utilization. The collection of findings presented here will describe the features that distinguish silver nanoparticles from other anti-cancer agents and display the realistic opportunities and implications in oncotherapeutic innovations to find out whether cancer therapy by silver nanoparticles is fiction or reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Nóra Igaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
| | - Mohana K. Gopisetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Excellence, Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla Tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mónika Kiricsi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Szeged, Közép Fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (D.K.); (N.I.); (M.K.G.)
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He X, Chen F, Chang Z, Waqar K, Hu H, Zheng X, Wang Y, Dong WF, Yang C. Silver Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Fabrication to Combination Therapies for Cancer and Infection. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100287. [PMID: 35020240 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The integration of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) protects the former from aggregation and promotes the controlled release of silver ions, resulting in therapeutic significance on cancer and infection. The unique size, shape, pore structure and silver distribution of silver mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Ag-MSNs) embellish them with the potential to perform combined imaging and therapeutic actions via modulating optical and drug release properties. Here, we comprehensively review the recent progress in the fabrication and application of Ag-MSNs for combination therapies for cancer and infection. We first elaborate on the fabrication of star-shaped structure, core-shell structure, and Janus structure Ag-MSNs. We then highlight Ag-MSNs as a multifunctional nanoplatform to surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based detection, non-photo-based cancer theranostics and photo-based cancer theranostics. In addition, we detail Ag-MSNs for combined antibacterial therapy via drug delivery and phototherapy. Overall, we summarize the challenges and future perspectives of Ag-MSNs that make them promising for diagnosis and therapy of cancer and infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fangman Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Zhimin Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Kasim Waqar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10025, USA
| | - Hanze Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10025, USA
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sokołowska P, Siatkowska M, Białkowska K, Rosowski M, Komorowski P, Walkowiak B. Osteosarcoma cells in early and late stages as cancer in vitro progression model for assessing the responsiveness of cells to silver nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:1319-1334. [PMID: 34953019 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of biology of osteosarcoma malignant progression is indispensable for enhancement of conventional chemotherapy by the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). We presented an in vitro model of cancer progression closely resembling processes occurring in vivo in terms of protein profile. A comparison of cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of AgNPs in Saos-2 cells in early stages of cancerous progression (early passages) with the cells in advanced stages (late passages) demonstrated significantly reduced responsiveness of the late passage cells to nanoparticles toxicity. It was also confirmed by proteome analysis as we identified considerably higher number of differentially expressed proteins in Saos-2 cells in early passages compared to the late passage cells. Our studies showed that the ability of AgNPs as potential drug carriers to deliver a medication and/or to evoke toxic effects might be significantly diminished in advanced stages of cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sokołowska
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Lodz, Poland.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Kamila Białkowska
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Lodz, Poland.,Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Rosowski
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Lodz, Poland.,Department of Chemical Textiles Technologies, Lukasiewicz Research Network, Textile Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Komorowski
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Lodz, Poland.,Division of Biophysics, Institute of Materials Science, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bogdan Walkowiak
- Molecular and Nanostructural Biophysics Laboratory, Bionanopark Ltd., Lodz, Poland.,Division of Biophysics, Institute of Materials Science, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Álvarez E, González B, Lozano D, Doadrio AL, Colilla M, Izquierdo-Barba I. Nanoantibiotics Based in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: New Formulations for Bacterial Infection Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2033. [PMID: 34959315 PMCID: PMC8703556 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the design of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for infection treatment. Written within a general context of contributions in the field, this manuscript highlights the major scientific achievements accomplished by professor Vallet-Regí's research group in the field of silica-based mesoporous materials for drug delivery. The aim is to bring out her pivotal role on the envisage of a new era of nanoantibiotics by using a deep knowledge on mesoporous materials as drug delivery systems and by applying cutting-edge technologies to design and engineer advanced nanoweapons to fight infection. This review has been divided in two main sections: the first part overviews the influence of the textural and chemical properties of silica-based mesoporous materials on the loading and release of antibiotic molecules, depending on the host-guest interactions. Furthermore, this section also remarks on the potential of molecular modelling in the design and comprehension of the performance of these release systems. The second part describes the more recent advances in the use of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as versatile nanoplatforms for the development of novel targeted and stimuli-responsive antimicrobial nanoformulations for future application in personalized infection therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Álvarez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Doadrio
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Montserrat Colilla
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.Á.); (B.G.); (D.L.); (A.L.D.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Machuca A, Garcia-Calvo E, Anunciação DS, Luque-Garcia JL. Integration of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics to Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Rhodium Nanoparticles-Based Photodynamic Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101629. [PMID: 34683922 PMCID: PMC8539937 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodium nanoparticles have recently been described as promising photosensitizers due to their low toxicity in the absence of near-infrared irradiation, but their high cytotoxicity when irradiated. Irradiation is usually carried out with a laser source, which allows the treatment to be localized in a specific area, thus avoiding undesirable side effects on healthy tissues. In this study, a multi-omics approach based on the combination of microarray-based transcriptomics and mass spectrometry-based untargeted and targeted metabolomics has provided a global picture of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumoral effect of rhodium nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy. The results have shown the ability of these nanoparticles to promote apoptosis by suppressing or promoting anti- and pro-apoptotic factors, respectively, and by affecting the energy machinery of tumor cells, mainly blocking the β-oxidation, which is reflected in the accumulation of free fatty acids and in the decrease in ATP, ADP and NAD+ levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andres Machuca
- Department Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (E.G.-C.)
| | - Estefania Garcia-Calvo
- Department Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (E.G.-C.)
| | - Daniela S. Anunciação
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus A. C. Simões, 57072-900 Maceió, Brazil;
| | - Jose L. Luque-Garcia
- Department Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.); (E.G.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-944-212
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Assessing Suitability of Co@Au Core/Shell Nanoparticle Geometry for Improved Theranostics in Colon Carcinoma. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082048. [PMID: 34443879 PMCID: PMC8401835 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between cells and nanomaterials at the nanoscale play a pivotal role in controlling cellular behavior and ample evidence links cell intercommunication to nanomaterial size. However, little is known about the effect of nanomaterial geometry on cell behavior. To elucidate this and to extend the application in cancer theranostics, we have engineered core–shell cobalt–gold nanoparticles with spherical (Co@Au NPs) and elliptical morphology (Co@Au NEs). Our results show that owing to superparamagnetism, Co@Au NPs can generate hyperthermia upon magnetic field stimulation. In contrast, due to the geometric difference, Co@Au NEs can be optically excited to generate hyperthermia upon photostimulation and elevate the medium temperature to 45 °C. Both nanomaterial geometries can be employed as prospective contrast agents; however, at identical concentration, Co@Au NPs exhibited 4-fold higher cytotoxicity to L929 fibroblasts as compared to Co@Au NEs, confirming the effect of nanomaterial geometry on cell fate. Furthermore, photostimulation-generated hyperthermia prompted detachment of anti-cancer drug, Methotrexate (MTX), from Co@Au NEs-MTX complex and which triggered 90% decrease in SW620 colon carcinoma cell viability, confirming their application in cancer theranostics. The geometry-based perturbation of cell fate can have a profound impact on our understanding of interactions at nano-bio interface which can be exploited for engineering materials with optimized geometries for superior theranostic applications.
Collapse
|
18
|
Taleghani AS, Nakhjiri AT, Khakzad MJ, Rezayat SM, Ebrahimnejad P, Heydarinasab A, Akbarzadeh A, Marjani A. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a versatile nanocarrier for cancer treatment: A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
19
|
Kurtuldu F, Mutlu N, Michálek M, Zheng K, Masar M, Liverani L, Chen S, Galusek D, Boccaccini AR. Cerium and gallium containing mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles for bone regeneration: Bioactivity, biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112050. [PMID: 33947544 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNPs) have generated great attention in biomedical applications. In this study, cerium and gallium doped MBGNPs were prepared by microemulsion assisted sol-gel method in the binary SiO2-CaO system. MBGNPs with spheroidal and pineal shaped morphology were obtained. Nitrogen sorption analysis elucidated the mesoporous structure of synthesized nanoparticles with high specific surface area. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the amorphous nature of the nanoparticles. The chemical compositions of all samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), which revealed that the contents of cerium and gallium could be tailored by adjusting the concentrations of the precursors used for the synthesis. All MBGNPs exhibited in vitro bioactivity when immersed in simulated body fluid, except the particles doped with higher amounts than 1 mol% of cerium. MBGNPs showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli without exhibiting cytotoxicity towards MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Mentioned features of the obtained Ce and Ga-doped MBGNPs make them useful for multifunctional applications such as drug delivery carriers or bioactive fillers for bone tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Kurtuldu
- FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nurshen Mutlu
- FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Michálek
- FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Milan Masar
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Si Chen
- FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Dušan Galusek
- FunGlass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnU AD and FChFT STU, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, TnU AD, Trenčín, Slovakia.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Estevez H, Garcia-Calvo E, Rivera-Torres J, Vallet-Regí M, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Novel Mechanisms Associated with the Antitumor Effect of Chitosan-Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030356. [PMID: 33800318 PMCID: PMC8000472 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been receiving special attention in recent years due to their antioxidant capacity and antitumor properties. However, the mechanisms associated with these properties remain to be elucidated. For this reason, a global transcriptome analysis has been designed in this work and it was carried out using human hepatocarcinoma cells and chitosan-stabilized SeNPs (Ch-SeNPs) to identify new targets and pathways related to the antitumor mechanisms associated with Ch-SeNPs. The results obtained confirm the alteration of the cell cycle and the effect of Ch-SeNPs on different tumor suppressors and other molecules involved in key mechanisms related to cancer progression. Furthermore, we demonstrated the antioxidant properties of these nanoparticles and their capacity to induce senescence, which was further confirmed through the measurement of β-galactosidase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Estevez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (H.E.); (E.G.-C.)
| | - Estefania Garcia-Calvo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (H.E.); (E.G.-C.)
| | - Jose Rivera-Torres
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-R.); (B.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.-R.); (B.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L. Luque-Garcia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (H.E.); (E.G.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-944-212
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Aragoneses-Cazorla G, Serrano-Lopez J, Martinez-Alfonzo I, Vallet-Regí M, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. A novel hemocompatible core@shell nanosystem for selective targeting and apoptosis induction in cancer cells. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of transferrin-decorated mesoporous silica-coated silver nanoparticles as a novel hemocompatible core@shell nanosystem for selective targeting and apoptosis induction in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)
- Madrid
| | - Blanca González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12)
- Madrid
| | - Jose L. Luque-Garcia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences
- Complutense University of Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gisbert-Garzarán M, Lozano D, Vallet-Regí M. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Targeting Subcellular Organelles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249696. [PMID: 33353212 PMCID: PMC7766291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current chemotherapy treatments lack great selectivity towards tumoral cells, which leads to nonspecific drug distribution and subsequent side effects. In this regard, the use of nanoparticles able to encapsulate and release therapeutic agents has attracted growing attention. In this sense, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been widely employed as drug carriers owing to their exquisite physico-chemical properties. Because MSNs present a surface full of silanol groups, they can be easily functionalized to endow the nanoparticles with many different functionalities, including the introduction of moieties with affinity for the cell membrane or relevant compartments within the cell, thus increasing the efficacy of the treatments. This review manuscript will provide the state-of-the-art on MSNs functionalized for targeting subcellular compartments, focusing on the cytoplasm, the mitochondria, and the nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gisbert-Garzarán
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (D.L.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (D.L.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (D.L.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-394-1843
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Montalvo-Quirós S, Vallet-Regí M, Palacios A, Anguita J, Prados-Rosales RC, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a Potential Platform for Vaccine Development against Tuberculosis. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12121218. [PMID: 33339306 PMCID: PMC7767215 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing emergence of new strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) highly resistant to antibiotics constitute a public health issue, since tuberculosis still constitutes the primary cause of death in the world due to bacterial infection. Mtb has been shown to produce membrane-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing proteins responsible for modulating the pathological immune response after infection. These natural vesicles were considered a promising alternative to the development of novel vaccines. However, their use was compromised by the observed lack of reproducibility between preparations. In this work, with the aim of developing nanosystems mimicking the extracellular vesicles produced by Mtb, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been used as nanocarriers of immunomodulatory and vesicle-associated proteins (Ag85B, LprG and LprA). These novel nanosystems have been designed and extensively characterized, demonstrating the effectiveness of the covalent anchorage of the immunomodulatory proteins to the surface of the MSNs. The immunostimulatory capacity of the designed nanosystems has been demonstrated by measuring the levels of pro- (TNF) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in exposed macrophages. These results open a new possibility for the development of more complex nanosystems, including additional vesicle components or even antitubercular drugs, thus allowing for the combination of immunomodulatory and bactericidal effects against Mtb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montalvo-Quirós
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos y Sociales y Facultad de Experimentales, Francisco de Vitoria University, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Palacios
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Lab, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Spain; (A.P.); (J.A.)
| | - Juan Anguita
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity Lab, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Spain; (A.P.); (J.A.)
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rafael C. Prados-Rosales
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Blanca González
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (J.L.L.-G.)
| | - Jose L. Luque-Garcia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (J.L.L.-G.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hernández-Montelongo J, Fernández-Fierro C, Benito-Gómez N, Romero-Sáez M, Parodi J, Carmona ER, Recio-Sánchez G. Hybrid porous silicon/green synthetized Ag microparticles as potential carries for Ag nanoparticles and drug delivery. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
25
|
Montalvo-Quirós S, Gómez-Graña S, Vallet-Regí M, Prados-Rosales RC, González B, Luque-Garcia JL. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing silver as novel antimycobacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 197:111405. [PMID: 33130523 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains today a major public health issue with a total of 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths annually. The lack of an effective vaccine and the increasing emergence of new strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) highly resistant to antibiotics, anticipate a complicated scenario in the near future. The use of nanoparticles features as an alternative to antibiotics in tackling this problem due to their potential effectiveness in resistant bacterial strains. In this context, silver nanoparticles have demonstrated high bactericidal efficacy, although their use is limited by their relatively high toxicity, which calls for the design of nanocarriers that allow silver based nanoparticles to be safely delivered to the target cells or tissues. In this work mesoporous silica nanoparticles are used as carriers of silver based nanoparticles as antimycobacterial agent against Mtb. Two different synthetic approaches have been used to afford, on the one hand, a 2D hexagonal mesoporous silica nanosystem which contains silver bromide nanoparticles distributed all through the silica network and, on the other hand, a core@shell nanosystem with metallic silver nanoparticles as core and mesoporous silica shell in a radial mesoporous rearrangement. Both materials have demonstrated good antimycobacterial capacity in in vitro test using Mtb, being lower the minimum inhibitory concentration for the nanosystem which contains silver bromide. Therefore, the interaction of this material with the mycobacterial cell has been studied by cryo-electron microscopy, establishing a direct connection between the antimycobactericidal effect observed and the damage induced in the cell envelope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montalvo-Quirós
- Departament of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos y Sociales y Facultad de Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Gómez-Graña
- Departament of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departament of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Rafael C Prados-Rosales
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Departament of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - Jose L Luque-Garcia
- Departament of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tariq H, Bokhari SAI. Surface-functionalised hybrid nanoparticles for targeted treatment of cancer. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:537-547. [PMID: 33010128 PMCID: PMC8676046 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2020.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the great advancement in understanding the pharmacology and biology of cancer, it still signifies one of the most serious human-health related problems. The current treatments for cancer may include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these procedures have several limitations. Current studies have shown that nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as a novel strategy for cancer treatment. Developing nanosystems that allow lower doses of therapeutic agents, as well as their selective release in tumour cells, may resolve the challenges of targeted cancer therapy. In this review, the authors discuss the role of the size, shape, and surface modifications of NPs in cancer treatment. They also address the challenges associated with cancer therapies based on NPs. The overall purpose of this review is to summarise the recent developments in designing different hybrid NPs with promising therapeutic properties for different types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasnat Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ali Imran Bokhari
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Karuppaiah A, Rajan R, Hariharan S, Balasubramaniam DK, Gregory M, Sankar V. Synthesis and Characterization of Folic Acid Conjugated Gemcitabine Tethered Silver Nanoparticles (FA-GEM-AgNPs) for Targeted Delivery. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3141-3146. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200316143239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted considerable interest in the medical industry
due to their physicochemical properties, small size, and surface plasmon behavior. Their smaller particle size and
instability in blood circulation leads to toxicity due to its aggregation as Ag+ ions and accumulation at the deepseated
organ. In the present study, we aimed at reducing the toxicity of AgNPs by conjugation with an anticancer
drug GEM and to improve their internalization through folate receptors-mediated endocytosis by capping the
nanoparticles with folic acid (FA).
Methods:
One-pot facile synthesis of FA capped silver nanoparticles (FA-AgNPs) has been achieved by using FA
as a reducing agent. FA-AgNPs were mixed with Gemcitabine (GEM) to obtain tethered FA-GEM-AgNPs.
Nanoparticles were characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), UV-Visible spectroscopy, Transmission
Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), Selected Area Electron Diffraction
(SAED), and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay was carried out to determine the cytotoxic effect of the prepared nanoformulations. The
apoptotic cell death induced by FA-GEM-AgNPs in breast cancer cells were monitored with Acridine orange
(AO)/Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) staining.
Conclusion:
Compared to GEM and AgNPs, FA-GEM-AgNPs showed enhanced cytotoxic effect and internalization
in MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cell line. FA-GEM-AgNPs could be an ideal candidate for targeting cancer
cells via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjunan Karuppaiah
- Department of pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India, Affiliated to TN Dr. M.G.R Medical University, Guindy, Chennai 600032, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravikumar Rajan
- Department of pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivaram Hariharan
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dinesh K. Balasubramaniam
- Department of pharmaceutics, St James College of Pharmaceutical sciences, Chalakudi 680 307, Kerala, India
| | - Marslin Gregory
- Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Road, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veintramuthu Sankar
- Department of pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641 004, Tamil Nadu, India, Affiliated to TN Dr. M.G.R Medical University, Guindy, Chennai 600032, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Alyassin Y, Sayed EG, Mehta P, Ruparelia K, Arshad MS, Rasekh M, Shepherd J, Kucuk I, Wilson PB, Singh N, Chang MW, Fatouros DG, Ahmad Z. Application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles as drug delivery carriers for chemotherapeutic agents. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1513-1520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
29
|
Barui S, Cauda V. Multimodal Decorations of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Improved Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E527. [PMID: 32521802 PMCID: PMC7355899 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of leaky vasculature and the lack of lymphatic drainage of small structures by the solid tumors formulate nanoparticles as promising delivery vehicles in cancer therapy. In particular, among various nanoparticles, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) exhibit numerous outstanding features, including mechanical thermal and chemical stability, huge surface area and ordered porous interior to store different anti-cancer therapeutics with high loading capacity and tunable release mechanisms. Furthermore, one can easily decorate the surface of MSN by attaching ligands for active targeting specifically to the cancer region exploiting overexpressed receptors. The controlled release of drugs to the disease site without any leakage to healthy tissues can be achieved by employing environment responsive gatekeepers for the end-capping of MSN. To achieve precise cancer chemotherapy, the most desired delivery system should possess high loading efficiency, site-specificity and capacity of controlled release. In this review we will focus on multimodal decorations of MSN, which is the most demanding ongoing approach related to MSN application in cancer therapy. Herein, we will report about the recently tried efforts for multimodal modifications of MSN, exploiting both the active targeting and stimuli responsive behavior simultaneously, along with individual targeted delivery and stimuli responsive cancer therapy using MSN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao Q, Li J, Wu B, Shang Y, Huang X, Dong H, Liu H, Chen W, Gui R, Nie X. Smart Biomimetic Nanocomposites Mediate Mitochondrial Outcome through Aerobic Glycolysis Reprogramming: A Promising Treatment for Lymphoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:22687-22701. [PMID: 32330381 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity and drug resistance caused by chemotherapeutic drugs have become bottlenecks in treating tumors. The delivery of anticancer drugs based on nanocarriers is regarded as an ideal way to solve the aforementioned problems. In this study, a new antilymphoma nanodrug CD20 aptamer-RBCm@Ag-MOFs/PFK15 (A-RAMP) is designed and constructed, and it consists of two parts: (1) metal-organic frameworks Ag-MOFs (AM) loaded with tumor aerobic glycolysis inhibitor PFK15 (P), forming a core part (AMP); (2) targeted molecule CD20 aptamer (A) is inserted into the red blood cell membrane (RBCm) to form the shell part (A-R). A-RAMP under the guidance of CD20 aptamer actively targets B-cell lymphoma both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, A-RAMP not only significantly inhibits the effect on tumor growth but also shows no obvious side effects on the treated nude mice, indicating that A-RAMP can accurately target tumor cells, reprogram aerobic glycolysis, and exert synergistic antitumor effect by Ag+ and PFK 15. Furthermore, the antitumor mechanism of A-RAMP in vivo by apoptotic pathway and targeting metabonomics are explored. These results suggest that A-RAMP has a promising application prospect as an smart, safe, effective, and synergistic antilymphoma agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
- Department of Hematology, The Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810007, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Shang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xueyuan Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Haiting Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Wansong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xinmin Nie
- Clinical Laboratory of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gisbert-Garzarán M, Vallet-Regí M. Influence of the Surface Functionalization on the Fate and Performance of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E916. [PMID: 32397449 PMCID: PMC7279540 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles have been broadly applied as drug delivery systems owing to their exquisite features, such as excellent textural properties or biocompatibility. However, there are various biological barriers that prevent their proper translation into the clinic, including: (1) lack of selectivity toward tumor tissues, (2) lack of selectivity for tumoral cells and (3) endosomal sequestration of the particles upon internalization. In addition, their open porous structure may lead to premature drug release, consequently affecting healthy tissues and decreasing the efficacy of the treatment. First, this review will provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of the different approximations that have been implemented into mesoporous silica nanoparticles to overcome each of such biological barriers. Afterward, the potential premature and non-specific drug release from these mesoporous nanocarriers will be addressed by introducing the concept of stimuli-responsive gatekeepers, which endow the particles with on-demand and localized drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gisbert-Garzarán
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mukherjee M, Gangopadhyay K, Das R, Purkayastha P. Development of Non-ionic Surfactant and Protein-Coated Ultrasmall Silver Nanoparticles: Increased Viscoelasticity Enables Potency in Biological Applications. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8999-9006. [PMID: 32337464 PMCID: PMC7178788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the interactivity with biological cells, we developed ultrasmall (5 nm in diameter) Ag NPs coated with a mixture of Tween-20 (Tw-20) surfactant and human serum albumin (HSA) or hemoglobin (Hb) proteins. These were tested with cancerous and healthy cell lines to investigate the therapeutic applicability. Using the established concept of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ROS-induced oxidative stress in carcinogenic cells by Ag NPs, we found that the presently synthesized Ag NPs selectively destroyed the cancerous cells. A mixture of Tw-20 with protein, where the surfactant was in large excess, created a coating over the Ag NPs resulting weaker protein-protein interactions and facilitating interfacial protein-surfactant interactions, which leads to an increase in the film viscoelasticity to enhance the stability of the Ag NPs and cell viability. Moreover, this concept has been applied to drug delivery using a model fluorophore (fluorescein) on Ag NPs to explore the prospects in photodynamic therapy. The results are encouraging and deserve further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Mukherjee
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
(IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaustav Gangopadhyay
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Rahul Das
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute
of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradipta Purkayastha
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
(IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Raja G, Jang YK, Suh JS, Kim HS, Ahn SH, Kim TJ. Microcellular Environmental Regulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: A Critical Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E664. [PMID: 32178476 PMCID: PMC7140117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) play significant roles in various cancer cells such as functional heterogeneity, microenvironmental differences, and reversible changes in cell properties (e.g., chemotherapy). There is a lack of targets for processes involved in tumor cellular heterogeneity, such as metabolic clampdown, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity, which hinders microenvironmental biology. Proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics are important tools that can be used to study proteins/genes and metabolites in cells, respectively. Chemical metabolomics have many advantages over genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics in anticancer therapy. However, recent studies with AgNPs have revealed considerable genomic and proteomic changes, particularly in genes involved in tumor suppression, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Metabolites interact biochemically with energy storage, neurotransmitters, and antioxidant defense systems. Mechanobiological studies of AgNPs in cancer metabolomics suggest that AgNPs may be promising tools that can be exploited to develop more robust and effective adaptive anticancer therapies. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept review for AgNPs-based proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics from various tumor cells with the help of several technologies, suggesting their promising use as drug carriers for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Jung-Soo Suh
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Heon-Su Kim
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Using the tools of proteomics to understand the pathogenesis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2019; 31:617-622. [PMID: 31385878 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW One of the most important advances in medical research over the past 20 years has been the emergence of technologies to assess complex biological processes on a global scale. Although a great deal of attention has been given to genome-scale genetics and genomics technologies, the utility of studying the proteome in a comprehensive way is sometimes under-appreciated. In this review, we discuss recent advances in proteomics as applied to dermatomyositis/polymyositis as well as findings from other inflammatory diseases that may enlighten our understanding of dermatomyositis/polymyositis. RECENT FINDINGS Proteomic approaches have been used to investigate basic mechanisms contributing to lung and skin disease in dermatomyositis/polymyositis as well as to the muscle disease itself. In addition, proteomic approaches have been used to identify autoantibodies targeting the endothelium in juvenile dermatomyositis. Studies from other inflammatory diseases have shown the promise of using proteomics to characterize the composition of immune complexes and the protein cargoes of exosomes. SUMMARY There are many relevant scientific and clinical questions in dermatomyositis/polymyositis that can be addressed using proteomics approaches. Careful attention to both methodology and analytic approaches are required to obtain useful and reproducible data.
Collapse
|
35
|
Vallet-Regí M, González B, Izquierdo-Barba I. Nanomaterials as Promising Alternative in the Infection Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3806. [PMID: 31382674 PMCID: PMC6696612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the increased biofilm-associated infections are boosting the demand for new advanced and more effective treatment for such infections. In this sense, nanotechnology offers a ground-breaking platform for addressing this challenge. This review shows the current progress in the field of antimicrobial inorganic-based nanomaterials and their activity against bacteria and bacterial biofilm. Herein, nanomaterials preventing the bacteria adhesion and nanomaterials treating the infection once formed are presented through a classification based on their functionality. To fight infection, nanoparticles with inherent antibacterial activity and nanoparticles acting as nanovehicles are described, emphasizing the design of the carrier nanosystems with properties targeting the bacteria and the biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12. Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Blanca González
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12. Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Isabel Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12. Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28040, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Castillo RR, Lozano D, González B, Manzano M, Izquierdo-Barba I, Vallet-Regí M. Advances in mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted stimuli-responsive drug delivery: an update. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:415-439. [PMID: 30897978 PMCID: PMC6667337 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1598375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are outstanding nanoplatforms for drug delivery. Herein, the most recent advances to turn MSN-based carriers into minimal side effect drug delivery agents are covered. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the scientific advances dealing with MSNs for targeted and stimuli-responsive drug delivery since 2015. Delivery aspects to diseased tissues together with approaches to obtain smart MSNs able to respond to internal or external stimuli and their applications are here described. Special emphasis is done on the combination of two or more stimuli on the same nanoplatform and on combined drug therapy. EXPERT OPINION The use of MSNs in nanomedicine is a promising research field because they are outstanding platforms for treating different pathologies. This is possible thanks to their structural, chemical, physical and biological properties. However, there are certain issues that should be overcome to improve the suitability of MSNs for clinical applications. All materials must be properly characterized prior to their in vivo evaluation; furthermore, preclinical in vivo studies need to be standardized to demonstrate the MSNs clinical translation potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R. Castillo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Blanca González
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Miguel Manzano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - Isabel Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Unidad de Química Inorgánica y Bionorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)
| |
Collapse
|