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Yang S, Liu Z, Pan Y, Guan J, Yang P, Asel M. A Review of Research Progress on the Performance of Intelligent Polymer Gel. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104246. [PMID: 37241984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intelligent polymer gel, as a popular polymer material, has been attracting much attention for its application. An intelligent polymer gel will make corresponding changes to adapt to the environment after receiving stimuli; therefore, an intelligent polymer gel can play its role in many fields. With the research on intelligent polymer gels, there is great potential for applications in the fields of drug engineering, molecular devices, and biomedicine in particular. The strength and responsiveness of the gels can be improved under different configurations in different technologies to meet the needs in these fields. There is no discussion on the application of intelligent polymer gels in these fields; therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of intelligent polymer gel, describes the important research of some intelligent polymer gel, summarizes the research progress and current situation of intelligent polymer gel in the environment of external stimulation, and discusses the performance and future development direction of intelligent polymer gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangchun Yang
- Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering College, Liaoning Petrochemical University, No. 1, West Section of Dandong Road, Wanghua District, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Zhenye Liu
- Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering College, Liaoning Petrochemical University, No. 1, West Section of Dandong Road, Wanghua District, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering College, Liaoning Petrochemical University, No. 1, West Section of Dandong Road, Wanghua District, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Engineering Department of Greatwall Well Drilling Company, China National Petroleum Corporation, Panjin 124000, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Engineering Department of Greatwall Well Drilling Company, China National Petroleum Corporation, Panjin 124000, China
| | - Muratbekova Asel
- Institute of International Education, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
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Singh N, Aery S, Juneja S, Kumari L, Lone MS, Dar AA, Pawar SV, Mehta SK, Dan A. Chitosan Hydrogels with Embedded Thermo- and pH-Responsive Microgels as a Potential Carrier for Controlled Release of Drugs. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3487-3499. [PMID: 35729496 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a promising strategy based on chitosan (CS) hydrogels and dual temperature- and pH-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (PNIPAM-co-MAA) microgels to facilitate release of a model drug, moxifloxacin (MFX). In this protocol, first, the microgels were prepared using a free radical copolymerization method, and subsequently, these carboxyl-group-rich soft particles were incorporated inside the hydrogel matrix using an EDC-NHS amidation method. Interestingly, the resulting microgel-embedded hydrogel composites (MG-HG) acting as a double barrier system largely reduced the drug release rate and prolonged the delivery time for up to 68 h, which was significantly longer than that obtained using microgels or hydrogels alone (20 h). On account of the dual-responsive features of the embedded microgels and the variation of water-solubility of drug molecules as a function of pH, MFX could be released in a controllable manner by regulating the temperature and pH of the delivery medium. The release kinetics followed a Korsmeyer-Peppas model, and the drug delivery mechanism was described by Fickian diffusion. Both the gel precursors and the hydrogel composites exhibited low cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines (HeLa and HEK-293) and no deleterious hemolytic activity up to a certain higher concentration, indicating excellent biocompatibility of the materials. Thus, the unprecedented combination of modularity of physical properties caused by soft particle entrapment, unique macromolecular architecture, biocompatibility, and the general utility of the stimuli-responsive polymers offers a great promise to use these composite materials in drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirbhai Singh
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Shikha Aery
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Smayira Juneja
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Laxmi Kumari
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Mohd Sajid Lone
- Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Dar
- Physical Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar - 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sandip V Pawar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Surinder K Mehta
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
| | - Abhijit Dan
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh - 160014, India
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Huang D, Gao S, Luo Y, Zhou X, Lu Z, Zou L, Hu K, Zhao Z, Zhang Y. Glucose-sensitive membrane with phenylboronic acid-based contraction-type microgels as chemical valves. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fan X, Gu S, Lei J, Gu S, Yang L. Controlled Release of Insulin Based on Temperature and Glucose Dual Responsive Biomicrocapsules. Molecules 2022; 27:1686. [PMID: 35268787 PMCID: PMC8912095 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of diabetes lies in developing novel functional carriers, which are expected to have the unique capability of monitoring blood glucose levels continuously and dispensing insulin correctly and timely. Hence, this study is proposing to create a smart self-regulated insulin delivery system according to changes in glucose concentration. Temperature and glucose dual responsive copolymer microcapsules bearing N-isopropylacrylamide and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid as main components were developed by bottom-spray coating technology and template method. The insulinoma β-TC6 cells were trapped in the copolymer microcapsules by use of temperature sensitivity, and then growth, proliferation, and glucose-responsive insulin secretion of microencapsulated cells were successively monitored. The copolymer microcapsules showed favorable structural stability and good biocompatibility against β-TC6 cells. Compared with free cells, the biomicrocapsules presented a more effective and safer glucose-dependent insulin release behavior. The bioactivity of secreted and released insulin did not differ between free and encapsulated β-TC6 cells. The results demonstrated that the copolymer microcapsules had a positive effect on real-time sensing of glucose and precise controlled release of insulin. The intelligent drug delivery system is supposed to mimic insulin secretion in a physiological manner, and further provide new perspectives and technical support for the development of artificial pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Fan
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Shiya Gu
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingsheng Lei
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Shiyan Gu
- College of Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.F.); (S.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
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Agnihotri P, Aery S, Dan A. Temperature- and pH-responsive poly( N-isopropylacrylamide- co-methacrylic acid) microgels as a carrier for controlled protein adsorption and release. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:9595-9606. [PMID: 34633021 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01197a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report controlled protein adsorption and delivery of thermo- and pH-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (PNIPAM-co-MAA) microgels at different temperatures, pH values and ionic strengths by employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein. For these dual-responsive microgels, we found that the BSA adsorption was driven by several of six competing contributions, viz., physical diffusion (PD), hydrophobic interactions (HI), electrostatic attraction (EA), hydrogen bonding (HB) and temperature or pH-induced seizing action (SAT or SApH), depending on the temperature and pH of the solution. Compared to the pure PNIPAM microgels, the higher swelling degree of the PNIPAM-co-MAA microgels allowed a large amount of BSA loading under any experimental conditions. A largest BSA adsorption of 45.1 μg mg-1 was achieved at 40 °C and pH 4 due to the presence of all six contributions. The BSA adsorption and delivery could be further tuned by changing the crosslinking density within the microgels. The BSA binding onto the microgels was found to be ionic strength dependent, which could be attributed to the charge shielding of Na+ ions, salting out of BSA and aggregate formation of the microgels. The adsorbed BSA could be controllably released by adjusting the temperature and pH of the experiment, and with the help of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) addition so as to eliminate each interaction between BSA and the microgels. Thus, this study can be useful to design a stimuli-responsive microgel-based carrier for controlled release of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanshi Agnihotri
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Shikha Aery
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Abhijit Dan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University - Chandigarh, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Kang H, Xu L, Cai Y, Liu Y, Jiang F, Xu J, Zhou W. Using boronic acid functionalization to simultaneously enhance electrical conductivity and thermoelectric performance of free-standing polythiophene film. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Microgel encapsulated nanoparticles for glucose-responsive insulin delivery. Biomaterials 2020; 267:120458. [PMID: 33197650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
An insulin delivery system that self-regulates blood glucose levels has the potential to limit hypoglycemic events and improve glycemic control. Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems have been developed by coupling glucose oxidase with a stimuli-responsive biomaterial. However, the challenge of achieving desirable release kinetics (i.e., insulin release within minutes after glucose elevation and duration of release on the order of weeks) still remains. Here, we develop a glucose-responsive delivery system using encapsulated glucose-responsive, acetalated-dextran nanoparticles in porous alginate microgels. The nanoparticles respond rapidly to changes in glucose concentrations while the microgels provide them with protection and stability, allowing for extended glucose-responsive insulin release. This system reduces blood sugar in a diabetic mouse model at a rate similar to naked insulin and responds to a glucose challenge 3 days after administration similarly to a healthy animal. With 2 doses of microgels containing 60 IU/kg insulin each, we are able to achieve extended glycemic control in diabetic mice for 22 days.
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Zhong Y, Song B, He D, Xia Z, Wang P, Wu J, Li Y. Galactose-based polymer-containing phenylboronic acid as carriers for insulin delivery. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:395601. [PMID: 32554896 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab9e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The galactose-based polymer is a promising drug delivery material. Herein, a new galactose-based block copolymer, termed as 6-O-vinyl sebacic acid-D-galactopyranosyl ester block 3-acrylamide phenylboric acid p(OVNG-b-AAPBA) was successfully synthesized by 'block copolymer' method. The structure of p(OVNG-b-AAPBA) was proved by nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum (1 HNMR) and infrared (IR), the thermal stability was observed by thermogravimetric analyzer, and the molecular weights (Mw and Mn) were demonstrated by Gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The above test results suggested that the polymer of p(OVNG-b-AAPBA) was successfully synthesized, and it had optimal molecular weight and thermal stability, which could be used for investigating the drug delivery system. Then, this block copolymer was prepared to the nanoparticle (NP), these NPs had a satisfactory morphology, and their safety was verified by MTT and chronic animal toxicology test. In addition, insulin was encapsulated by the p(OVNG-b-AAPBA) NPs, the drug loading rate and encapsulation efficiency increased with that of AAPBA in the polymer. Finally, this study confirmed that these NPs can effectively maintain the blood sugar of diabetic mice at 96 h. In conclusion, the current study suggested that the insulin-loaded galactose-based polymer-block-3-acrylamide phenylboric acid NPs had slow-release/glucose-responsive drug release performance, which might play an active role in the diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Zhong
- Department of Geratology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Song
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan He
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zemei Xia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Department of Geratology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Geratology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wang R, Zhang M, Guan Y, Chen M, Zhang Y. A CO 2-responsive hydrogel film for optical sensing of dissolved CO 2. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6107-6115. [PMID: 31282902 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00958b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CO2-monitoring plays an important role in medicine, environmental sciences, and food industries. Here, a new CO2-responsive hydrogel film was fabricated from branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) and partially oxidized dextran (PO-Dex) via layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly, based on the in situ Schiff base reaction between the two polymers. The swelling behaviours of the films were studied using Fabry-Perot fringes on their reflection spectra. Like ordinary hydrogels, the BPEI/PO-Dex films swell in water. In addition, they swell to a larger degree when CO2 is introduced, due to the reaction between CO2 and the amino groups in BPEI. The CO2-induced swelling can be reported by the shift of the Fabry-Perot fringes on their reflection spectra; therefore, the BPEI/PO-Dex film can be used as an optical sensor for dissolved CO2. In the new sensor, the BPEI/PO-Dex film acts as a CO2-sensing material and Fabry-Perot cavity simultaneously. The introduction of ordered structure is no longer required. The response of the sensor to CO2 is linear and reversible. Unlike other hydrogel-based sensors that suffer from a slow response, the new sensor can respond to CO2 quickly, making it applicable for real-time, continuous monitoring of CO2 levels in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mengxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China.
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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11
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Karg M, Pich A, Hellweg T, Hoare T, Lyon LA, Crassous JJ, Suzuki D, Gumerov RA, Schneider S, Potemkin II, Richtering W. Nanogels and Microgels: From Model Colloids to Applications, Recent Developments, and Future Trends. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:6231-6255. [PMID: 30998365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels and microgels are soft, deformable, and penetrable objects with an internal gel-like structure that is swollen by the dispersing solvent. Their softness and the potential to respond to external stimuli like temperature, pressure, pH, ionic strength, and different analytes make them interesting as soft model systems in fundamental research as well as for a broad range of applications, in particular in the field of biological applications. Recent tremendous developments in their synthesis open access to systems with complex architectures and compositions allowing for tailoring microgels with specific properties. At the same time state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation approaches offer deeper understanding of the behavior and structure of nano- and microgels under external influences and confinement at interfaces or at high volume fractions. Developments in the experimental analysis of nano- and microgels have become particularly important for structural investigations covering a broad range of length scales relevant to the internal structure, the overall size and shape, and interparticle interactions in concentrated samples. Here we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art, recent developments as well as emerging trends in the field of nano- and microgels. The following aspects build the focus of our discussion: tailoring (multi)functionality through synthesis; the role in biological and biomedical applications; the structure and properties as a model system, e.g., for densely packed arrangements in bulk and at interfaces; as well as the theory and computer simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Karg
- Physical Chemistry I , Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf , 40204 Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Functional and Interactive Polymers, Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry , Bielefeld University , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L8 , Canada
| | - L Andrew Lyon
- Schmid College of Science and Technology , Chapman University , Orange , California 92866 , United States
| | - J J Crassous
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | | | - Rustam A Gumerov
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Physics Department , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russian Federation
| | - Stefanie Schneider
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
| | - Igor I Potemkin
- DWI-Leibnitz-Institute for Interactive Materials e.V. , 52056 Aachen , Germany
- Physics Department , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russian Federation
- National Research South Ural State University , Chelyabinsk 454080 , Russian Federation
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52056 Aachen , Germany
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12
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Responsive hydrogel colloids: Structure, interactions, phase behavior, and equilibrium and nonequilibrium transitions of microgel dispersions. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Liang S, Guan Y, Zhang Y. Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Microgel Colloidal Crystals via Photoinitiated Alkyne-Azide Click Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5650-5660. [PMID: 31459719 PMCID: PMC6647982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly of colloidal crystals (CCs) allows for the fine control of the thickness and architecture of the resulting crystals. Various methods have been developed for the LBL assembly of CCs of hard spheres. However, these methods are inapplicable for microgel CCs owing to the softness and deformability of microgel spheres. In this study, a method was proposed for the LBL assembly of microgel CCs. To build the first monolayer, azide-modified microgel spheres were assembled into a three-dimensional (3D) CC. The first 111 plane of the 3D CC close to the substrate was then fixed in situ onto the substrate via photoinitiated alkyne-azide click reaction between the azide groups on the microgels and the alkyne groups on the substrate surface. The removal of unbonded particles resulted in a microgel monolayer with a high degree of order. The second monolayer was assembled in a similar manner, i.e., a 3D microgel CC was initially assembled followed by in situ fixation of the first 111 plane of the 3D crystal with the underlying microgel monolayer by photoinitiated alkyne-azide click reaction. For this purpose, instead of azide-modified microgel spheres, alkyne-modified microgel spheres were used for the assembly of the second layer. Confocal studies confirmed that the second monolayer was located on top of the first layer. When the lattice constant of the 3D CC approximated that of the underlying microgel monolayer, the second monolayer exhibited a high degree of order. Repeating this process led to alternating deposition of highly ordered monolayers of azide-modified and alkyne-modified microgels onto the substrate. Similar to the microgel CCs obtained by the self-assembly of microgel spheres in bulky dispersions, face-centered cubic and hexagonal-close-packed structures also coexisted in the LBL-assembled microgel CCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liang
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
(Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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14
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Xu R, Tian J, Guan Y, Zhang Y. Extraordinarily Large LCST Depression Converts Nonthermosensitive Polymer to Thermosensitive. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jiafeng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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15
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Agrawal G, Agrawal R. Functional Microgels: Recent Advances in Their Biomedical Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801724. [PMID: 30035853 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, a spotlight is shown on aqueous microgel particles which exhibit a great potential for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, cell imaging, and tissue engineering. Herein, different synthetic methods to develop microgels with desirable functionality and properties along with degradable strategies to ensure their renal clearance are briefly presented. A special focus is given on the ability of microgels to respond to various stimuli such as temperature, pH, redox potential, magnetic field, light, etc., which helps not only to adjust their physical and chemical properties, and degradability on demand, but also the release of encapsulated bioactive molecules and thus making them suitable for drug delivery. Furthermore, recent developments in using the functional microgels for cell imaging and tissue regeneration are reviewed. The results reviewed here encourage the development of a new class of microgels which are able to intelligently perform in a complex biological environment. Finally, various challenges and possibilities are discussed in order to achieve their successful clinical use in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Agrawal
- Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Paper Mill Road, Saharanpur, 247001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Agrawal
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1500, USA
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Wang J, Cooper RC, He H, Li B, Yang H. Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Microgels: Hierarchical Arrangement of Dendrimers into Micrometer Domains with Expanded Structural Features for Programmable Drug Delivery and Release. Macromolecules 2018; 51:6111-6118. [PMID: 30705466 PMCID: PMC6348485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the fabrication of micron-sized dendrimer hydrogels (μDHs) using the water-in-oil (w/o) inverse microemulsion method coupled with the highly efficient aza-Michael addition. EDA core polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G5 (10 w%) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA, M n = 575 g/mol) (the molar ratio of amine/acrylate = 1/1) were dissolved in the water phase and added to hexane in the presence of surfactants span 80/tween 80 (5/1, w/w) (volume ratio of hexane to surfactants: 70:1) to form w/o microemulsions, in which PAMAM G5 cross-links with PEG-DA via the aza-Michael addition reaction. The resulting microgels are within 3-5 μm with relatively narrow size distribution. μDHs are pH-responsive degradable. They show good cytocompatibility and do not cause acute toxicity in vivo. Furthermore, they can realize a high loading of the hydrophobic drug CPT and enter the cells in the form of particles. The CPT and CPT/dendrimer complex can be slowly released following the zero-order release kinetics. Taken together, μDHs possessing hierarchically ordered dendrimers in micron domains represent a new class of microparticles with expanded structural features for programmable drug delivery and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Remy C Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Boxuan Li
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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17
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Tang Z, Jia S, Yao L, Guan Y, Zhang Y. Glucose-Induced Transition among Three States of a Doped Microgel Colloidal Crystal. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8288-8293. [PMID: 29932669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
For the first time here, we report a colloid crystal capable of undergoing transition among three states in response to external stimuli. The colloidal crystal was assembled from poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgel and doped with poly( N-isopropylacrylamide- co-2-acrylamido-phenylboronic acid) (P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA)) microgel. The ordered structure was locked by in situ photopolymerization. Taking advantage of the different responses of the two microgels to external stimuli, defect state can be induced and erased reversibly. Particularly, because the dopant, that is, P(NIPAM-2-AAPBA) microgel sphere, shrinks with increasing glucose concentration, its size changes from larger than the host, that is, PNIPAM microgel sphere, to equal to the host, and finally smaller than the host. Therefore, upon addition of glucose, the crystal undergoes transition from a state with acceptor-type defect, to no defect state, and then to a state with donor-type defect. The transition among the three states is fully reversible. In addition, the response of the doped crystal to glucose is relatively fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Siyu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Lijuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Ying Guan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071 , China
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18
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Zhao J, Liu P, Liu Y. Adjustable Tribological Behavior of Glucose-Sensitive Hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7479-7487. [PMID: 29860837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have been considered to have various applications in numerous fields. In the present work, a double-network (DN) hydrogel has been synthesized. The copolymers of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylamide (AM) [P(AMPS- co-AM)] are prepared as the 1st network and poly(acrylic acid) as the 2nd network. This DN hydrogel is sensitive to glucose by introducing the glucose-sensitive group phenylboronic acid to the network. The tribological properties of this glucose-sensitive DN hydrogel have been investigated using a universal mechanical tester (UMT-5). The tribological results show that the friction coefficient varied with the glucose solution. The friction coefficient increased to a maximum of 0.06, and finally decreased to 0.025 with the increase in the glucose concentration. An adjustable friction coefficient of the hydrogel, between 0.025 and 0.056, was achieved along with the change of lubricant. According to the tribological experimental results and the analysis of the DN structure, it can be deduced that a hydrated layer exists in the interface of the hydrogel. The hydrated layers consisting of water molecules are bounded with the hydrophilic group of the hydrogel network by hydrogen bonds. The change in the number of water molecules leads to the difference in the water content of the hydrogel, which further resulted in the various tribological properties. In addition, the hydrogel's mesh size also has an impact on the change in friction coefficient. In general, the adjustable friction of the hydrogel in a glucose environment is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Pengxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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