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Matsumoto K, Kitabayashi R, Fukuchi N, Suka N. Preparation of Optically Active Biphenyl Compounds via an Albumin-
Mediated Asymmetric Nitroaldol Reaction. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178618666210531093928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Human serum albumin (HSA) was found to catalyze the asymmetric nitroaldol reaction
of biphenyl aldehydes with nitromethane to afford the corresponding optically active 2-nitro alcohols.
Careful optimization of the conditions for the reaction of 4-phenylbenzaldehyde with nitromethane
in water at a neutral pH improved both the reactivity and the enantioselectivity. Finally, the
reaction of 4-phenylbenzaldehyde (56 mg, 0.30 mmol) in nitromethane (2.8 mL) and water (1.1
mL) using HSA (68 mg) at 5 °C for 240 h gave (R)-1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-nitroethanol in 71%
yield (52 mg), with an ee up to 85% ee. Subsequent recrystallization improved the ee up to 95%.
The reaction was useful in a preparative-scale operation, and the biocatalyst could be reused several
times. The procedure was also applicable to other substrates with different substitution patterns.
Although the nitroaldol reaction of 2-phenylbenzaldehyde with nitromethane proceeded with low
enantioselectivity to afford the corresponding (R)-2-nitroalcohols (35% ee), the reactions of the
substrates bearing Br, Me, OMe, or CN group at the 4'-position of the benzene ring gave the corresponding
optically active compounds with high enantioselectivities (80-88% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutsugu Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
| | - Ryota Kitabayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
| | - Naoki Fukuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suka
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Meisei University, 2-1-1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191-8506, Japan
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Woźny M, Mames A, Ratajczyk T. Triptycene Derivatives: From Their Synthesis to Their Unique Properties. Molecules 2021; 27:250. [PMID: 35011478 PMCID: PMC8746337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first preparation of triptycene, great progress has been made with respect to its synthesis and the understanding of its properties. Interest in triptycene-based systems is intense; in recent years, advances in the synthetic methodology and properties of new triptycenes have been reported by researchers from various fields of science. Here, an account of these new developments is given and placed in reference to earlier pivotal works that underpin the field. First, we discuss new approaches to the synthesis of new triptycenes. Progress in the regioselective synthesis of sterically demanding systems is discussed. The application of triptycenes in catalysis is also presented. Next, progress in the understanding of the relations between triptycene structures and their properties is discussed. The unique properties of triptycenes in the liquid and solid states are elaborated. Unique interactions, which involve triptycene molecular scaffolds, are presented. Molecular interactions within a triptycene unit, as well as between triptycenes or triptycenes and other molecules, are also evaluated. In particular, the summary of the synthesis and useful features will be helpful to researchers who are using triptycenes as building blocks in the chemical and materials sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Woźny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Mames
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ratajczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhao
- Haike Group Research Institute of Innovation & Technology, Haike Group, Dongying City, P. R. China
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Khan MN, Wirth T. Chiral Triptycenes: Concepts, Progress and Prospects. Chemistry 2021; 27:7059-7068. [PMID: 33433031 PMCID: PMC8248085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Triptycenes have been established as unique scaffolds because of their backbone π-structure with a propeller-like shape and saddle-like cavities. They are some of the key organic molecules that have been extensively studied in polymer chemistry, in supramolecular chemistry and in material science. Triptycenes become chiral molecules when substituents are unsymmetrically attached in at least two of their different aromatic rings. This Minireview highlights the chirality of triptycenes from basics to an advanced stage for the development of functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Nasim Khan
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark Place, Main BuildingCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityPark Place, Main BuildingCardiffCF10 3ATUK
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Wang X, Kohl B, Rominger F, Elbert SM, Mastalerz M. A Triptycene-Based Enantiopure Bis(Diazadibenzoanthracene) by a Chirality-Assisted Synthesis Approach. Chemistry 2020; 26:16036-16042. [PMID: 32648593 PMCID: PMC7756852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
By applying a chirality-assisted synthesis (CAS) approach enantiopure diaminodibromotriptycenes were converted to rigid chiral helical diazadibenzoanthracenes, which show besides pronounced Cotton effects in circular dichroism spectra higher photoluminescence quantum yields as comparable carbacyclic analogues. For the enantiopure building blocks, a protocol was developed allowing the large scale synthesis without the necessity of separation via HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Bernd Kohl
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sven M. Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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Iwata T, Hyodo M, Fukami T, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Shindo M. Anthranoxides as Highly Reactive Arynophiles for the Synthesis of Triptycenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:8506-8510. [PMID: 32432370 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report herein an efficient method to synthesize triptycenes by the reaction of benzynes and anthranoxides, which are electron-rich and readily prepared from the corresponding anthrones. Using this method, 1,9-syn-substituted triptycenes were regioselectively obtained employing 3-methoxybenzynes. This method was also applied to synthesize pentiptycenes. A DFT study revealed that the cycloaddition of lithium anthranoxide and benzyne proceeds stepwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Mizuki Hyodo
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Takuto Fukami
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
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Aida Y, Shibata Y, Tanaka K. Enantioselective Synthesis of Distorted π‐Extended Chiral Triptycenes Consisting of Three Distinct Aromatic Rings by Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2+2+2] Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2020; 26:3004-3009. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Aida
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Yu Shibata
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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Yoshinaga T, Fujiwara T, Iwata T, Shindo M. Synthesis of Distorted 1,8,13‐Trisilyl‐9‐hydroxytriptycenes by Triple Cycloaddition of Ynolates to 3‐Silylbenzynes. Chemistry 2019; 25:13855-13859. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Yoshinaga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesKyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Takumi Fujiwara
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering SciencesKyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and EngineeringKyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
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9
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Triptycene-based stationary phases for gas chromatographic separations of positional isomers. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1599:223-230. [PMID: 31000208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the investigation of two triptycene-based materials (TP-3OB and TP-3Im) as the stationary phases for gas chromatographic (GC) separations. The TP-3OB and TP-3Im capillary columns fabricated by static coating exhibited column efficiency of 3000-3500 plates/m for n-dodecane at 120 °C. Also, their McReynolds constants and Abraham system constants were determined to characterize their polarity and molecular interactions with analytes. On the basis of the unique 3D TP architecture, the TP-3OB and TP-3Im stationary phases exhibited complementary high-resolution performance for analytes of a wide ranging polarity, including alkylbenzenes, alkylnaphthalenes, halobenzenes, phenols and anilines, respectively. Moreover, the TP-based columns exhibited good repeatability and reproducibility on the retention times of analytes with the relative standard deviation (RSD) values in the range of 0.01-0.14% for run-to-run, 0.11-0.47% for day-to-day and 0.68-4.7% for column-to-column, respectively. Additionally, their applications for the determination of isomer impurities in the commercial reagents of o-dichlorobenzene, p-/m-diethylbenzene, o-toluidine and 2,3-/3,5-xylidine proved their good potential for practical analysis. This work demonstrates the promising future of the triptycene-based stationary phases for chromatographic separations.
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Ikai T, Yoshida T, Shinohara KI, Taniguchi T, Wada Y, Swager TM. Triptycene-Based Ladder Polymers with One-Handed Helical Geometry. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4696-4703. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Takumu Yoshida
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shinohara
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahi-dai, Nomi 923-1292, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuya Wada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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l-tryptophan adsorption differentially changes the optical behaviour of pseudo-enantiomeric cysteine-functionalized quantum dots: Towards chiral fluorescent biosensors. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2018.100251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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12
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Wada Y, Shinohara KI, Ikai T. Optically active triptycenes containing hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene units. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11386-11389. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have successfully generated both left- and right-handed circularly polarized light using crystals prepared from a racemic triptycene containing hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Wada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shinohara
- School of Materials Science
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST)
- Nomi 923-1292
- Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ikai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
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