1
|
Avilez García R, Cerdán-Pasarán A, Enríquez J, Mathews N. Pulse electrodeposition of CuSbS 2 thin films: Role of Cu/Sb precursor ratio on the phase formation and its performance as photocathode for hydrogen evolution §. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24491. [PMID: 38318042 PMCID: PMC10838701 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we outline the development of stoichiometric chalcostibite, CuSbS2 thin films, from a single bath by pulse electrodeposition for its application as a photocathode in photoelectrochemical cells (PEC). The Cu/Sb precursor molar ratio of the deposition bath was varied to obtain stoichiometric CuSbS2 thin films. The optimized deposition and dissolution potentials were -0.72 V and -0.1 V vs saturated calomel electrode, respectively. The formation of CuSbS2 was analyzed using different characterization tools. X-ray diffraction and Raman results showed the formation of the pure chalcostibite phase from a precursor bath with molar ratio Cu/Sb = 0.41. The heterostructure CuSbS2/CdS/Pt was tested as a photocathode in the PEC. The energy positions of the conduction and valence bands were estimated from the Mott Schottky plots. The conduction band and valence band offset of CuSbS2/CdS heterojunction were 0.1 eV and 1.04 eV, respectively. The electric field created in the junction reduced the recombination of the electron/hole pairs and improved charge transfer in the interface. The heterostructure CuSbS2/CdS/Pt demonstrated an improved photocurrent density of 3.4 mA cm-2 at 0 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode. The PEC efficiency obtained from the CuSbS2/CdS heterojunction was 0.56 %. Therefore, we demonstrated the feasibility of an inexpensive technique like electrodeposition for the development of an efficient earth-abundant photocathode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R.G. Avilez García
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Energías Renovables, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte # 1150 Lajas Maciel, C.P. 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Andrea Cerdán-Pasarán
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León C.P. 66455, Mexico
| | - J.P. Enríquez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Energías Renovables, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte # 1150 Lajas Maciel, C.P. 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - N.R. Mathews
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo M, Chen R, Zhu Z, Cheng C, Ning X, Huang B. A Broadband Photodetector Based on PbS Quantum Dots and Graphene with High Responsivity and Detectivity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1996. [PMID: 37446512 DOI: 10.3390/nano13131996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
A high-efficiency photodetector consisting of colloidal PbS quantum dots (QDs) and single-layer graphene was prepared in this research. In the early stage, PbS QDs were synthesized and characterized, and the results showed that the product conformed with the characteristics of high-quality PbS QDs. Afterwards, the photodetector was derived through steps, including the photolithography and etching of indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and the graphene active region, as well as the spin coating and ligand substitution of the PbS QDs. After application testing, the photodetector, which was prepared in this research, exhibited outstanding properties. Under visible and near-infrared light, the highest responsivities were up to 202 A/W and 183 mA/W, respectively, and the highest detectivities were up to 2.24 × 1011 Jones and 2.47 × 108 Jones, respectively, with light densities of 0.56 mW/cm2 and 1.22 W/cm2, respectively. In addition to these results, the response of the device and the rise and fall times for the on/off illumination cycles showed its superior performance, and the fastest response times were approximately 0.03 s and 1.0 s for the rise and fall times, respectively. All the results illustrated that the photodetector based on PbS and graphene, which was prepared in this research, possesses the potential to be applied in reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutan Luo
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- Brain Machine Fusion Intelligence Institute, Suzhou 215133, China
| | - Run Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhaowei Zhu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuantong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Ning
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Beiju Huang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amrillah T, Prasetio A, Supandi AR, Sidiq DH, Putra FS, Nugroho MA, Salsabilla Z, Azmi R. Environment-friendly copper-based chalcogenide thin film solar cells: status and perspectives. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:313-339. [PMID: 36537134 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00983h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Copper chalcogenides (CuCh) have attracted considerable attention due to their promising potential as environmental-friendly photoactive material for lightweight and flexible thin film solar cells. Further, CuCh can be fabricated from simple to complex chemical compositions and offer a remarkable charge carrier mobility and excellent absorption coefficient with a desirable bandgap (up to ∼1.0 eV). Currently, they have demonstrated maximum power conversion efficiencies of over 23% for single-junction, around 25% and 28% for monolithic 2-Terminal (2T) and mechanically-stacked 4-Terminal (4T) perovskite/CuCh tandem solar cells, respectively. This article presents an overview of CuCh-based materials, from binary- to quaternary-CuCh compounds for single- and multi-junction solar cells. Then, we discuss the development of fabrication methods and the approaches taken to improve the performance of CuCh-based thin film itself, including chemical doping, the development of complement layers, and their potential application in flexible and lightweight devices. Finally, these technologies' stability, scalability, and toxicity aspects are discussed to enhance their current marketability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahta Amrillah
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Adi Prasetio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdul Rohman Supandi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - David Hadid Sidiq
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Fajar Sukamto Putra
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Muhammad Adi Nugroho
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Zahra Salsabilla
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Randi Azmi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yağci Ö, Yüksel SA, Bozkurt K, Altındal A. The effect of boron doping on the optical, morphological and structural properties of Cu 3SbS 3 thin films prepared via spin coating. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3nj00668a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, boron doped Cu3SbS3 thin films were produced via spin coating method. Boron doped Cu3SbS3 thin films will provide new dimensions for the design of environmentally friendly, low cost and highly efficient solar cell absorber layer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang H, Yang Y, Chen H, Qin F, Yu B, Wang R, Cao Q, Wang T, Lin Q. Interfacial Engineering of High-Performance, Solution-Processed Sb 2S 3 Phototransistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57419-57427. [PMID: 36511611 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimony sulfide, as a binary chalcogenide, has attracted great attention in the field of optoelectronics in recent years, particularly in photovoltaics, because of its striking merits such as earth elements abundance, excellent stability, chemical versatility, and solution processability. With the rapid development of fabrication techniques and device engineering, the device performance of Sb2S3 solar cells has experienced an unprecedented success. However, photodetectors based on Sb2S3 were barely reported, especially based on the transistor configuration. In this work, we prepared high quality Sb2S3 thin films via a sol-gel method, and Sb2S3 thin films were deposited on zinc-tin oxide based field-effect transistors. Furthermore, an additional electron transport layer was inserted between the Sb2S3 layers and the zinc-tin oxide channels and archived high-performance phototransistors with proper interfacial engineering. The optimized devices exhibited extremely high photosensitivity (106), low dark current (∼10 pA) and noise (∼11 fA Hz-1/2), high detectivity (1 × 1013 Jones), and superior device stability, indicating great potential for next generation solution-processed photodetectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihuang Huang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Hongyi Chen
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Fanglu Qin
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Cao
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Ti Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Lin
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
- Hubei Luojia Laboratory, Wuhan430072, P. R. China
- Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Suzhou255123, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Álvarez-Ayuso E, Murciego A, Rodríguez MA, Fernández-Pozo L, Cabezas J, Naranjo-Gómez JM, Mosser-Ruck R. Antimony distribution and mobility in different types of waste derived from the exploitation of stibnite ore deposits. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151566. [PMID: 34758344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastes derived from the exploitation of stibnite ore deposits were studied to determine their mineralogical, chemical, and environmental characteristics and establish the Sb distribution and the current and long-term risks of Sb mobilization. Representative samples of mine waste rocks, mine tailings, and smelting waste were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, polarized light microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and digestion, leaching, and extraction procedures. The main Sb-bearing minerals and phases identified in the smelting waste were natrojarosite, iron (oxyhydr)oxides, mixtures of iron and antimony (oxyhydr)oxides, and tripuhyite; those in the mine tailings and mine waste rocks were iron (oxyhydr)oxides and/or mixtures of iron and antimony (oxyhydr)oxides. Iron (oxyhydr)oxides and natrojarosite had high Sb contents, with maximum values of 16.51 and 9.63 wt% Sb2O5, respectively. All three types of waste were characterized as toxic; the mine waste rocks and mine tailings would require pretreatment to decrease their leachable Sb content before they would be acceptable at hazardous waste landfills. Relatively little of the Sb was in desorbable forms, which accounted for <0.01 and <0.8% of the total Sb content in the smelting waste and mine waste rocks/mine tailings, respectively. Under reducing conditions, further Sb mobilization from mine waste rocks and mine tailings could occur (up to 4.6 and 3.3% of the total content, respectively), considerably increasing the risk that Sb will be introduced into the surroundings. Although the smelting waste had the highest total Sb content, it showed the lowest risk of Sb release under different environmental conditions. The significant Fe levels in the smelting waste facilitated the formation of various Fe compounds that greatly decreased the Sb mobilization from these wastes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Álvarez-Ayuso
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, IRNASA (CSIC), C/ Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - A Murciego
- Department of Geology, Salamanca University, Plza. de los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - M A Rodríguez
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - L Fernández-Pozo
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - J Cabezas
- Department of Environmental Resources Analysis, Extremadura University, Avda. Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - J M Naranjo-Gómez
- Agricultural School, Extremadura University, Avda. de Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain
| | - R Mosser-Ruck
- Georessources UMR 7359 CNRS-UL, Université de Lorraine, BP 70239, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy 54506 Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Makin F, Alam F, Buckingham MA, Lewis DJ. Synthesis of ternary copper antimony sulfide via solventless thermolysis or aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition using metal dithiocarbamates. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5627. [PMID: 35379851 PMCID: PMC8979952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper antimony sulfide (Cu-Sb-S) has recently been proposed as an attractive alternative photovoltaic material due to the earth-abundant and non-toxic nature of the elements, high absorption coefficients and band gaps commensurate with efficient harvesting of solar photonic flux across multiple phases of Cu-Sb-S. These materials are therefore highly desirable and sustainable and scalable deposition techniques to produce them are of interest. In this paper, we demonstrate two facile, low-temperature and inexpensive techniques (solventless thermolysis and aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD)) for the preparation of binary digenite (Cu1.8S), chalcocite (Cu2S) and stibnite (Sb2S3) and several phases of ternary copper-antimony-sulfide (Cu2xSb2(1-x)Sy, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1). It was found that by utilising these different techniques and varying the ratio of Cu:Sb, pure phases of ternary chalcostibite (CuSbS2), fematinite (Cu3SbS4) and tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) can be achieved. Two single-source precursors were investigated for this purpose, namely the diethyldithiocarbamate (DTC) complexes of copper and antimony Cu(DTC)2 and Sb(DTC)3. These were decomposed both individually (to produce binary materials) and combined (to produce ternary materials) at different ratios. From the solventless thermolysis and AACVD methods, either particulate or thin film material was formed, respectively. These materials were then characterised by powder XRD, SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopies to determine the crystalline phase, material morphology and uniformity of elemental composition. This analysis demonstrated that as the Cu-content increases, the phase of the ternary material changes from chalcostibite (CuSbS2) and fematinite (Cu3SbS4) at a low Cu:Sb ratio to tetrahedrite (Cu12Sb4S13) at a high Cu:Sb ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fadiyah Makin
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Alam
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mark A Buckingham
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - David J Lewis
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grasser MA, Finzel K, Ruck M. The Layered Semiconductor Cu(Sb
2
S
3
)[AlCl
4
]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias A. Grasser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Kati Finzel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sarilmaz A, Genc E, Aslan E, Ozen A, Yanalak G, Ozel F, Patir IH. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via solar-driven Water splitting by CuSbS2 with different shapes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|