1
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Pagès-Vilà N, Gamba I, Clémancey M, Latour JM, Company A, Costas M. Proton-triggered chemoselective halogenation of aliphatic C-H bonds with nonheme Fe IV-oxo complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 259:112643. [PMID: 38924872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Halogenation of aliphatic C-H bonds is a chemical transformation performed in nature by mononuclear nonheme iron dependent halogenases. The mechanism involves the formation of an iron(IV)-oxo-chloride species that abstracts the hydrogen atom from the reactive C-H bond to form a carbon-centered radical that selectively reacts with the bound chloride ligand, a process commonly referred to as halide rebound. The factors that determine the halide rebound, as opposed to the reaction with the incipient hydroxide ligand, are not clearly understood and examples of well-defined iron(IV)-oxo-halide compounds competent in C-H halogenation are scarce. In this work we have studied the reactivity of three well-defined iron(IV)-oxo complexes containing variants of the tetradentate 1-(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane ligand (Pytacn). Interestingly, these compounds exhibit a change in their chemoselectivity towards the functionalization of C-H bonds under certain conditions: their reaction towards C-H bonds in the presence of a halide anionleads to exclusive oxygenation, while the addition of a superacid results in halogenation. Almost quantitative halogenation of ethylbenzene is observed when using the two systems with more sterically congested ligands and even the chlorination of strong C-H bonds such as those of cyclohexane is performed when a methyl group is present in the sixth position of the pyridine ring of the ligand. Mechanistic studies suggest that both reactions, oxygenation and halogenation, proceed through a common rate determining hydrogen atom transfer step and the presence of the acid dictates the fate of the resulting alkyl radical towards preferential halogenation over oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Pagès-Vilà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ilaria Gamba
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38200 La Laguna, Spain.
| | - Martin Clémancey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Marc Latour
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Anna Company
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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2
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Jiang Y, Yao M, Feng J, Niu H, Qiao B, Li B, Wang B, Xiao W, Dong M, Yuan Y. Molecular Insights into Converting Hydroxide Adenosyltransferase into Halogenase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12685-12695. [PMID: 38771136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Halogenation plays a unique role in the design of agrochemicals. Enzymatic halogenation reactions have attracted great attention due to their excellent specificity and mild reaction conditions. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM)-dependent halogenases mediate the nucleophilic attack of halide ions (X-) to SAM to produce 5'-XDA. However, only 11 SAM-dependent fluorinases and 3 chlorinases have been reported, highlighting the desire for additional halogenases. SAM-dependent hydroxide adenosyltransferase (HATase) has a similar reaction mechanism as halogenases but uses water as a substrate instead of halide ions. Here, we explored a HATase from the thermophile Thermotoga maritima MSB8 and transformed it into a halogenase. We identified a key dyad W8L/V71T for the halogenation reaction. We also obtained the best performing mutants for each halogenation reaction: M1, M2 and M4 for Cl-, Br- and I-, respectively. The M4 mutant retained the thermostability of HATase in the iodination reaction at 80 °C, which surpasses the natural halogenase SalL. QM/MM revealed that these mutants bind halide ions with more suitable angles for nucleophilic attack of C5' of SAM, thus conferring halogenation capabilities. Our work achieved the halide ion specificity of halogenases and generated thermostable halogenases for the first time, which provides new opportunities to expand the halogenase repertoire from hydroxylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontier Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mingdong Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontier Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianqiang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haoran Niu
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bingzhi Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontier Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wenhai Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontier Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute, Tianjin University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Min Dong
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingjin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Frontier Research Institute for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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3
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Sen A, Britto NJ, Kass D, Ray K, Rajaraman G. Origin of Unprecedented Formation and Reactivity of Fe IV═O Species via Oxygen Activation: Role of Noncovalent Interactions and Magnetic Coupling. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9809-9822. [PMID: 38739843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Emulating the capabilities of the soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) enzymes, which effortlessly activate oxygen at diiron(II) centers to form a reactive diiron(IV) intermediate Q, which then performs the challenging oxidation of methane to methanol, poses a significant challenge. Very recently, one of us reported the mononuclear complex [(cyclam)FeII(CH3CN)2]2+ (1), which performed a rare bimolecular activation of the molecule of O2 to generate two molecules of FeIV═O without the requirement of external proton or electron sources, similar to sMMO. In the present study, we employed the density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate this unique mechanism of O2 activation. We show that secondary hydrogen-bonding interactions between ligand N-H groups and O2 play a vital role in reducing the energy barrier associated with the initial O2 binding at 1 and O-O bond cleavage to form the FeIV═O complex. Further, the unique reactivity of FeIV═O species toward simultaneous C-H and O-H bond activation process has been demonstrated. Our study unveils that the nature of the magnetic coupling between the diiron centers is also crucial. Given that the influence of magnetic coupling and noncovalent interactions in catalysis remains largely unexplored, this unexplored realm presents numerous avenues for experimental chemists to develop novel structural and functional analogues of sMMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Sen
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | | | - Dustin Kass
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kallol Ray
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Fagnano A, Frateloreto F, Paoloni R, Sappino C, Lanzalunga O, Costas M, Di Stefano S, Olivo G. Proximity Effects on the Reactivity of a Nonheme Iron (IV) Oxo Complex in C-H Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401694. [PMID: 38478739 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Precise control of substrate positioning and orientation (its proximity to the reactive unit) is often invoked to rationalize the superior enzymatic reaction rates and selectivities when compared to synthetic models. Artificial nonheme iron (IV) oxo (Fe(IV)=O) complexes react with C(sp3)-H bonds via a biomimetic Hydrogen Atom Transfer/Hydroxyl Rebound mechanism, but rates, site-selectivity and even hydroxyl rebound efficiency (ligand rebound versus substrate radical diffusion) are smaller than in oxygenases. Herein, we quantitatively analyze how substrate binding modulates nonheme Fe(IV)=O reactivity by comparing rates and outcomes of C-H oxidation by a pair of Fe(IV)=O complexes that share the same first coordination sphere but only one contains a crown ether receptor that recognizes the substrate. Substrate binding makes the reaction intramolecular, exhibiting Michaelis-Menten kinetics and increased reaction rates. In addition, C-H oxidation occurs with high site selectivity for remote sites. Analysis of Effective Molarity reveals that the system operates at its maximal theoretical capability for the oxidation of these remote sites. Remarkably, substrate positioning also affects Hydroxyl Rebound, whose efficiency only increases on the sites placed in proximity by recognition. Overall, these observations provide evidence that supramolecular control of substrate positioning can effectively modulate the reactivity of oxygenases and its models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fagnano
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Frateloreto
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Paoloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Sappino
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Miquel Costas
- QBIS-Cat, Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC), Departament de Quimica, Universitat de Girona Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Stefano Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Olivo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Istituto CNR per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB-CNR), Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro, 5 I-00185, Rome, Italy
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5
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Yu K, Zhang K, Jakob RP, Maier T, Ward TR. An artificial nickel chlorinase based on the biotin-streptavidin technology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1944-1947. [PMID: 38277163 PMCID: PMC10863421 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report on an artificial nickel chlorinase (ANCase) resulting from anchoring a biotinylated nickel-based cofactor within streptavidin (Sav). The resulting ANCase was efficient for the chlorination of diverse C(sp3)-H bonds. Guided by the X-ray analysis of the ANCase, the activity of the artificial chlorinase could be significantly improved. This approach opens interesting perspectives for late-stage functionalization of organic intermediates as it complements biocatalytic chlorination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland.
| | - Kailin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland.
| | - Roman P Jakob
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Timm Maier
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 41, Basel, CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 22, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland.
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6
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Ottenbacher RV, Bryliakova AA, Kurganskii VI, Prikhodchenko PV, Medvedev AG, Bryliakov KP. Bioinspired Non-Heme Mn Catalysts for Regio- and Stereoselective Oxyfunctionalizations with H 2 O 2. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302772. [PMID: 37642264 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, metalloenzymes-mediated highly selective oxidations of organic substrates under mild conditions have been inspiration for developing synthetic bioinspired catalyst systems, capable of conducting such processes in the laboratory (and, in the future, in industry), relying on easy-to-handle and environmentally benign oxidants such as H2 O2 . To date, non-heme manganese complexes with chiral bis-amino-bis-pyridylmethyl and structurally related ligands are considered as possessing the highest synthetic potential, having demonstrated the ability to mediate a variety of chemo- and stereoselective oxidative transformations, such as epoxidations, C(sp3 )-H hydroxylations and ketonizations, oxidative desymmetrizations, kinetic resolutions, etc. Furthermore, in the past few years non-heme Mn based catalysts have become the major platform for studies focused on getting insight into the molecular mechanisms of oxidant activation and (stereo)selective oxygen transfer, testing non-traditional hydroperoxide oxidants, engineering catalytic sites with enzyme-like substrate recognition-based selectivity, exploration of catalytic regioselectivity trends in the oxidation of biologically active substrates of natural origin. This contribution summarizes the progress in manganese catalyzed C-H oxygenative transformations of organic substrates, achieved essentially in the past 5 years (late 2018-2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V Ottenbacher
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Pr. Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A Bryliakova
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Kurganskii
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Petr V Prikhodchenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander G Medvedev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin P Bryliakov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS, Leninsky Pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
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7
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Li Y, Singh R, Sinha A, Lisensky GC, Haukka M, Nilsson J, Yiga S, Demeshko S, Gross SJ, Dechert S, Gonzalez A, Farias G, Wendt OF, Meyer F, Nordlander E. Nonheme Fe IV═O Complexes Supported by Four Pentadentate Ligands: Reactivity toward H- and O- Atom Transfer Processes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18338-18356. [PMID: 37913548 PMCID: PMC10647104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Four new pentadentate N5-donor ligands, [N-(1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)methyl-N-(2-pyridyl)-methyl-N-(bis-2-pyridylmethyl)-amine] (L1), [N-bis(1-methyl-2-imidazolyl)methyl-N-(bis-2-pyridylmethyl)amine] (L2), (N-(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl)-1,1-di(pyridin-2-yl)-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine (L3), and N,N-bis(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl)-1,1-di(pyridin-2-yl)methanamine (L4), have been synthesized based on the N4Py ligand framework, where one or two pyridyl arms of the N4Py parent are replaced by (N-methyl)imidazolyl or N-(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl) moieties. Using these four pentadentate ligands, the mononuclear complexes [FeII(CH3CN)(L1)]2+ (1a), [FeII(CH3CN)(L2)]2+ (2a), [FeII(CH3CN)(L3)]2+ (3a), and [FeII(CH3CN)(L4)]2+ (4a) have been synthesized and characterized. The half-wave potentials (E1/2) of the complexes become more positive in the order: 2a < 1a < 4a ≤ 3a ≤ [Fe(N4Py)(CH3CN)]2+. The order of redox potentials correlates well with the Fe-Namine distances observed by crystallography, which are 2a > 1a ≥ 4a > 3a ≥ [Fe(N4Py)(CH3CN)]2+. The corresponding ferryl complexes [FeIV(O)(L1)]2+ (1b), [FeIV(O)(L2)]2+ (2b), [FeIV(O)(L3)]2+ (3b), and [FeIV(O)(L4)]2+ (4b) were prepared by the reaction of the ferrous complexes with isopropyl 2-iodoxybenzoate (IBX ester) in acetonitrile. The greenish complexes 3b and 4b were also isolated in the solid state by the reaction of the ferrous complexes in CH3CN with ceric ammonium nitrate in water. Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic measurements (using superconducting quantum interference device) show that the four complexes 1b, 2b, 3b, and 4b are low-spin (S = 1) FeIV═O complexes. UV/vis spectra of the four FeIV═O complexes in acetonitrile show typical long-wavelength absorptions of around 700 nm, which are expected for FeIV═O complexes with N4Py-type ligands. The wavelengths of these absorptions decrease in the following order: 721 nm (2b) > 706 nm (1b) > 696 nm (4b) > 695 nm (3b) = 695 nm ([FeIV(O) (N4Py)]2+), indicating that the replacement of the pyridyl arms with (N-methyl) imidazolyl moieties makes L1 and L2 exert weaker ligand fields than the parent N4Py ligand, while the ligand field strengths of L3 and L4 are similar to the N4Py parent despite the replacement of the pyridyl arms with N-(isoquinolin-3-ylmethyl) moieties. Consequently, complexes 1b and 2b tend to be less stable than the parent [FeIV(O)(N4Py)]2+ complex: the half-life sequence at room temperature is 1.67 h (2b) < 16 h (1b) < 45 h (4b) < 63 h (3b) ≈ 60 h ([FeIV(O)(N4Py)]2+). Compared to the parent complex, 1b and 2b exhibit enhanced reactivity in both the oxidation of thioanisole in the oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reaction and the oxygenation of C-H bonds of aromatic and aliphatic substrates, presumed to occur via an oxygen rebound process. Furthermore, the second-order rate constants for hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions affected by the ferryl complexes can be directly related to the C-H bond dissociation energies of a range of substrates that have been studied. Using either IBX ester or H2O2 as an oxidant, all four new FeII complexes display good performance in catalytic reactions involving both HAT and OAT reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Reena Singh
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Arup Sinha
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - George C. Lisensky
- Department
of Chemistry, Beloit College, 700 College Street, Beloit, Wisconsin 53511, United States
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box-35, Jyväskylä FI-40014, Finland
| | - Justin Nilsson
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Solomon Yiga
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Georg-August
Universität Göttingen, Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstrasse 4, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Sophie Jana Gross
- Georg-August
Universität Göttingen, Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstrasse 4, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Georg-August
Universität Göttingen, Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstrasse 4, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Ana Gonzalez
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O.
Box 118, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Giliandro Farias
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa
Catarina, Florianópolis 88040900, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ola F. Wendt
- Centre
for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, Lund SE-22100, Sweden
| | - Franc Meyer
- Georg-August
Universität Göttingen, Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstrasse 4, Göttingen D-37077, Germany
| | - Ebbe Nordlander
- Chemical
Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
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8
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Yadav V, Wen L, Yadav S, Siegler MA, Goldberg DP. Selective Radical Transfer in a Series of Nonheme Iron(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17830-17842. [PMID: 37857315 PMCID: PMC11296666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
A series of nonheme iron complexes, FeIII(BNPAPh2O)(Lax)(Leq) (Lax/eq = N3-, NCS-, NCO-, and Cl-) have been synthesized using the previously reported BNPAPh2O- ligand. The ferrous analogs FeII(BNPAPh2O)(Lax) (Lax = N3-, NCS-, and NCO-) were also prepared. The complexes were structurally characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction, which shows that all the FeIII complexes are six-coordinate, with one anionic ligand (Lax) in the H-bonding axial site and the other anionic ligand (Leq) in the equatorial plane, cis to the Lax ligand. The reaction of FeIII(BNPAPh2O-)(Lax)(Leq) with Ph3C• shows that one ligand is selectively transferred in each case. A selectivity trend emerges that shows •N3 is the most favored for transfer in each case to the carbon radical, whereas Cl• is the least favored. The NCO and NCS ligands showed an intermediate propensity for radical transfer, with NCS > NCO. The overall order of selectivity is N3 > NCS > NCO > Cl. In addition, we also demonstrated that H-bonding has a small effect on governing product selectivity by using a non-H-bonded ligand (DPAPh2O-). This study demonstrates the inherent radical transfer selectivity of nonhydroxo-ligated nonheme iron(III) complexes, which could be useful for efforts in synthetic and (bio)catalytic C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Lyupeng Wen
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Sudha Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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9
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Sen A, Ansari A, Swain A, Pandey B, Rajaraman G. Probing the Origins of Puzzling Reactivity in Fe/Mn-Oxo/Hydroxo Species toward C-H Bonds: A DFT and Ab Initio Perspective. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14931-14941. [PMID: 37650771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Activation of C-H bonds using an earth-abundant metal catalyst is one of the top challenges of chemistry, where high-valent Mn/Fe-oxo(hydroxo) biomimic species play an important role. There are several open questions related to the comparative oxidative abilities of these species, and a unifying concept that could accommodate various factors influencing reactivity is lacking. To shed light on these open questions, here, we have used a combination of density functional theory (DFT) (B3LYP-D3/def2-TZVP) and ab initio (CASSCF/NEVPT2) calculations to study a series of high-valent metal-oxo species [Mn+H3buea(O/OH)] (M = Mn and Fe, n = II to V; H3buea = tris[(N'-tert-butylureaylato)-N-ethylene)]aminato towards the activation of dihydroanthracene (DHA). The H-bonding network in the ligand architecture influences the ground state-excited state gap and brings several excited states of the same spin multiplicity closer in energy, which triggers reactivity via one of those excited states, reducing the kinetic barriers for the C-H bond activation and rationalizing several puzzling reactivity trends observed in various high-valent Mn/Fe-oxo(hydroxo) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Azaj Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Bhawana Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India
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10
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Panda C, Anny-Nzekwue O, Doyle LM, Gericke R, McDonald AR. Evidence for a High-Valent Iron-Fluoride That Mediates Oxidative C(sp 3)-H Fluorination. JACS AU 2023; 3:919-928. [PMID: 37006763 PMCID: PMC10052241 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
[FeII(NCCH3)(NTB)](OTf)2 (NTB = tris(2-benzimidazoylmethyl)amine, OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate) was reacted with difluoro(phenyl)-λ3-iodane (PhIF2) in the presence of a variety of saturated hydrocarbons, resulting in the oxidative fluorination of the hydrocarbons in moderate-to-good yields. Kinetic and product analysis point towards a hydrogen atom transfer oxidation prior to fluorine radical rebound to form the fluorinated product. The combined evidence supports the formation of a formally FeIV(F)2 oxidant that performs hydrogen atom transfer followed by the formation of a dimeric μ-F-(FeIII)2 product that is a plausible fluorine atom transfer rebound reagent. This approach mimics the heme paradigm for hydrocarbon hydroxylation, opening up avenues for oxidative hydrocarbon halogenation.
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11
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Yang M, Chen X, Su X, She YB, Yang YF. Mechanistic Study of Chemoselectivity for Carbon Radical Hydroxylation versus Chlorination with Fe III (OH)(Cl) Complexes. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201311. [PMID: 36705485 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The FeIII (OH)(Cl) complex resembles the key intermediate proposed for the non-heme iron halogenases. Goldberg and co-workers reported that the FeIII (OH)(Cl) RC reacts with triphenylmethyl radical 1 to give an exclusive hydroxylation product. To understand the chemoselectivity of the reaction of RC with 1, density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been conducted. From RC, the competing pathways were identified as the OH-transfer, Cl-transfer, and isomerization pathways. The direct Cl-transfer is more favorable than direct OH-transfer by 2.8 kcal/mol. The hydrogen bonding interactions between the hydroxyl group and the pendent amine ligand impede the direct OH-transfer from RC. Compared with the direct Cl-transfer pathway, the isomerization pathways require lower barriers. In isomer RCiso2 , the equatorial hydroxyl group, which has smaller diabatic bond dissociation energy, prefers to transfer to form the hydroxylation product. In FeIII (Cl)2 RC2 and RC2iso , the equatorial chloride group also prefers to transfer to give the chlorination product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiahe Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xingxing Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Bin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
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12
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Baroliya PK, Dhaker M, Panja S, Al-Thabaiti SA, Albukhari SM, Alsulami QA, Dutta A, Maiti D. Transition Metal-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization Through Electrocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202202201. [PMID: 36881013 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically promoted transition metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization has emerged as a promising area of research over the last few decades. However, development in this field is still at an early stage compared to traditional functionalization reactions using chemical-based oxidizing agents. Recent reports have shown increased attention on electrochemically promoted metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization. From the standpoint of sustainability, environmental friendliness, and cost effectiveness, electrochemically promoted oxidation of a metal catalyst offers a mild, efficient, and atom-economical alternative to traditional chemical oxidants. This Review discusses advances in the field of transition metal-electrocatalyzed C-H functionalization over the past decade and describes how the unique features of electricity enable metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization in an economic and sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Baroliya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Mukesh Dhaker
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Subir Panja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha M Albukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qana A Alsulami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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13
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Kastner DW, Nandy A, Mehmood R, Kulik HJ. Mechanistic Insights into Substrate Positioning That Distinguish Non-heme Fe(II)/α-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Halogenases and Hydroxylases. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Kastner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aditya Nandy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rimsha Mehmood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J. Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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14
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Maldonado-Domínguez M, Srnec M. Quantifiable polarity match effect on C-H bond cleavage reactivity and its limits in reaction design. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1399-1412. [PMID: 36644790 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt04018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
When oxidants favour cleaving a strong C-H bond at the expense of weaker ones, which are otherwise inherently preferred due to their favourable reaction energy, reactivity factors such as the polarity match effect are often invoked. Polarity match follows the intuition of electrophilic (nucleophilic) oxidants reacting faster with nucleophilic (electrophilic) C-H bonds. Nevertheless, this concept is purely qualitative and is best suited for a posteriori rationalization of experimental observations. Here, we propose and inspect two methods to quantify polar effects in C-H cleavage reactions, one by computation via the difference of atomic charges (Δq) of reacting atoms, and one amenable to experimental measurement through asynchronicity factors, η. By their application to three case studies, we observe that both Δq and η faithfully capture the notion of polarity match. The polarity match model, however, proves insufficient as a predictor of H-atom abstraction reactivity and we discourage its use as a standalone variable in reaction design. Besides this caveat, η and Δq (through its mapping on η) allow the implementation of polarity match into a Marcus-type model of reactivity, alleviating its shortcomings and making reaction planning feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Maldonado-Domínguez
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, Prague 8, 18223, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Srnec
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, Prague 8, 18223, Czech Republic.
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15
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Majedi M, Safaei E, Gyergyek S. New iron(iii) complex of bis-bidentate-anchored diacyl resorcinol on a Fe 3O 4 nanomagnet: C-H bond oxygenation, oxidative cleavage of alkenes and benzoxazole synthesis. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4040-4055. [PMID: 36756566 PMCID: PMC9890640 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06818d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have synthesized a novel, bis-bidentate, covalently anchored, 4,6-diacetyl resorcinol (DAR) ligand on silica-coated magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the corresponding bi-metallic iron(iii) complex (Fe3O4@SiO2-APTESFe2LDAR). Both the chemical nature and the structure of the homogeneously heterogenized catalyst were investigated using physico-chemical techniques. The results obtained by XPS, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, VSM, SEM, TEM, EDX, ICP and AAS revealed a magnetic core, a silica layer and the grafting of a binuclear iron complex on the Fe3O4@SiO2-APTES, as well as its thermodynamic stability. Despite many reports of metal complexes on different supports, there are no reports of anchored, bi-metallic complexes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a bi-active site catalyst covalently attached to a support. This study focuses on the catalytic activity of an as-synthesized, bi-active site catalyst for C-H bond oxygenation, the oxidative cleavage of alkenes, and the multicomponent, one-pot synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives with excellent yields from readily available starting materials. Our results indicated high conversion rates and selectivity under mild reaction conditions and simple separation using a magnetic field. The leaching and recyclability tests of the catalyst were investigated for the above processes, which indicated that all the reactions proceed via a heterogeneous pathway and that the catalyst is recyclable without any tangible loss in catalytic activity for at least 8, 5 and 5 cycles for C-H bond oxygenation, C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond cleavage and benzoxazole synthesis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Majedi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Elham Safaei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University Shiraz 71454 Iran
| | - Sašo Gyergyek
- Department for Synthesis of Materials, Jožef Stefan InstituteJamova cesta 391000 LjubljanaSlovenia
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16
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Shen C, Dagnaw WM, Fong CW, Lau KC, Chow CF. Selective functionalization of C(sp 3)-H bonds: catalytic chlorination and bromination by Iron III-acacen-halide under ambient condition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10627-10630. [PMID: 36069398 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02924c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative catalytic halogenations of the C(sp3)-H bond of alkanes promoted by FeIII(acacen)Cl (1III-Cl) and FeIII(acacen)Br (1III-Br) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were investigated. Four major steps were involved: (i) formation of [FeV(acacen)(oxo)X] species (X = Cl or Br), (ii) hydrogen-atom transfer, (iii) halogen atom rebound, and (iv) regeneration of 1III-Cl or 1III-Br. TFA played a significant role in (i) forming the high-valent iron-oxo intermediate and (ii) generating the reaction selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shen
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Wasihun Menberu Dagnaw
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, SAR, China.
| | - Ching Wai Fong
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Kai Chung Lau
- Department of Chemistry, The City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, SAR, China.
| | - Cheuk-Fai Chow
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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17
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Han J, Tan L, Wan Y, Li G, Anderson SN. C(sp 3)-H oxidation and chlorination catalysed by a bioinspired pincer iron(III) complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11620-11624. [PMID: 35895115 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02005j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A pincer iron(III) catalyst for the oxidation and chlorination of C(sp3)-H bonds was developed. Oxidation of a diagnostic substrate cis-decalin implies that a long-lived carbon-centred radical is involved. Mechanistic studies suggest that an Fe-oxo species could be responsible for the rate-determining C-H activation step. This report expands the scope of non-heme catalysts for C-H functionalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA.
| | - Liming Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA.
| | - Yanjun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA.
| | - Stephen N Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA.
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18
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Gérard EF, Yadav V, Goldberg DP, de Visser SP. What Drives Radical Halogenation versus Hydroxylation in Mononuclear Nonheme Iron Complexes? A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10752-10767. [PMID: 35537044 PMCID: PMC9228086 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Nonheme iron halogenases
are unique enzymes in nature that selectively
activate an aliphatic C–H bond of a substrate to convert it
into C–X (X = Cl/Br, but not F/I). It is proposed that they
generate an FeIII(OH)(X) intermediate in their catalytic
cycle. The analogous FeIII(OH) intermediate in nonheme
iron hydroxylases transfers OH• to give alcohol
product, whereas the halogenases transfer X• to
the carbon radical substrate. There remains significant debate regarding
what factors control their remarkable selectivity of the halogenases.
The reactivity of the complexes FeIII(BNPAPh2O)(OH)(X) (X = Cl, Br) with a secondary carbon radical (R•) is described. It is found that X• transfer occurs
with a secondary carbon radical, as opposed to OH• transfer with tertiary radicals. Comprehensive computational studies
involving density functional theory were carried out to examine the
possible origins of this selectivity. The calculations reproduce the
experimental findings, which indicate that halogen transfer is not
observed for the tertiary radicals because of a nonproductive equilibrium
that results from the endergonic nature of these reactions, despite
a potentially lower reaction barrier for the halogenation pathway.
In contrast, halogen transfer is favored for secondary carbon radicals,
for which the halogenated product complex is thermodynamically more
stable than the reactant complex. These results are rationalized by
considering the relative strengths of the C–X bonds that are
formed for tertiary versus secondary carbon centers. The computational
analysis also shows that the reaction barrier for halogen transfer
is significantly dependent on secondary coordination sphere effects,
including steric and H-bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie F Gérard
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Vishal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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19
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Tao Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Sun K, Liu Z. Determining the inherent selectivity for carbon radical hydroxylation versus halogenation with high-spin oxoiron(iv)-halide complexes: a concerted rebound step. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9891-9897. [PMID: 35424943 PMCID: PMC8963258 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic iron model can process both halogenation and hydroxylation with vague selectivity, which is different from halogenase even though these structures are used for the simulation of halogenase. The key factor of the synthetic oxo-iron model mediated hydroxylation or the halogenation is still under debate. Herein density functional theory calculation is used to investigate the hydroxylation versus halogenation of propylene by the complex [FeIV(O)(TQA)(X)]+ (X = F, Cl, Br). Our results suggest that a concerted rebound mechanism (between the -X and the hydroxyl ligands after the hydrogen abstraction) leads to the formation of two different kinds of products. DFT calculation for the hydroxylation versus halogenation of propylene by [FeIV(O)(TQA)X]+ (X = F, Cl and Br) reveals that after hydrogen abstraction, halogen and oxygen rebound reactions are a synergistic process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Tao
- College of Physics and Electronic Information & Henan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Transformation and Detection, Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
| | - Zixian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yiman Zhang
- College of Physics and Electronic Information & Henan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Transformation and Detection, Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
| | - Kexi Sun
- College of Physics and Electronic Information & Henan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Transformation and Detection, Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- College of Physics and Electronic Information & Henan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Transformation and Detection, Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
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20
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Adhikari S, Sarkar A, Dhar BB. C-H bond chlorination using nickel(II) complexes of tetradentate amido-quinoline ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4075-4078. [PMID: 35265952 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00639a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ni(II)-tetradentate amido-quinoline complexes effectively catalysed C-H chlorination of a series of hydrocarbons in the presence of NaOCl and acetic acid. The bond dissociation energy of the C(sp3)-H bond of the substrates varies from 99.3 kcal mol-1 (cyclohexane) to 87 kcal mol-1 (ethyl benzene). Exclusively chlorinated products (TON: 220 for cyclohexane) were obtained without any hydroxylated products, thus mimicking the activity of the halogenase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry Shiv Nadar University, U.P. 201314, India.
| | - Aniruddha Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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21
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Paik A, Paul S, Bhowmik S, Das R, Naveen T, Rana S. Recent Advances in First Row Transition Metal Mediated C‐H Halogenation of (Hetero)arenes and Alkanes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Paik
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Sabarni Paul
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Sabyasachi Bhowmik
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Rahul Das
- University of North Bengal Department of Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India - 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
| | - Togati Naveen
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry 395007 Surat INDIA
| | - Sujoy Rana
- University of North Bengal Chemistry Raja Rammohunpur, DarjeelingWest Bengal, India, 734013 734013 Siliguri INDIA
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22
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Bagha UK, Satpathy JK, Mukherjee G, Barman P, Kumar D, de Visser SP, Sastri CV. Oxidative dehalogenation of halophenols by high-valent nonheme iron(IV)-oxo intermediates. Faraday Discuss 2022; 234:58-69. [PMID: 35170590 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00064k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear high-valent iron(IV)-oxo intermediates are excellent oxidants towards oxygenation reactions by heme and nonheme metalloenzymes and their model systems. One of the most important functions of these intermediates in nature is to detoxify various environmental pollutants. Organic substrates, such as halogenated phenols, are known to be water pollutants which can be degraded to their less hazardous forms through an oxidation reaction by iron(IV)-oxo complexes. Metalloproteins in nature utilize various types of second-coordination sphere interactions to anchor the substrate in the vicinity of the active site. This concept of substrate-binding is well-known for natural enzymes, but is elusive for the relevant biomimetic model systems. Herein, we report the oxidative reactivity patterns of an iron(IV)-oxo intermediate, [FeIV(O)(2PyN2Q)]2+, (2PyN2Q = 1,1-di(pyridin-2yl)-N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)methanamine) with a series of mono-, di- and tri-halophenols. A detailed experimental study shows that the dehalogenation reactions of the halophenols by such iron(IV)-oxo intermediates proceed via an initial hydrogen atom abstraction from the phenolic O-H group. Furthermore, based on the size and nucleophilicity of the halophenol, an intermediate substrate-bound species forms that is a phenolate adduct to the ferric species, which thereafter leads to the formation of the corresponding products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Kumar Bagha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
| | | | - Gourab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India. .,Department of Chemical Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Prasenjit Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India. .,Department of Chemistry, Kaliyaganj College, West Bengal, 733129, India
| | - Devesh Kumar
- Department of Applied Physics, School for Physical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, 226025, India.
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India. .,The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Chivukula V Sastri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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23
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Sen A, Rajaraman G. Can you break the oxo-wall? A multiconfigurational perspective. Faraday Discuss 2022; 234:175-194. [PMID: 35147623 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The concept of the "oxo-wall" was conceived about 60 years ago by Harry B. Gray, and has been found to be related to the non-existence of high-valent M-oxo species in the +IV oxidation state in a tetragonal geometry beyond group 8 in the periodic table. Several efforts have been made in the past decades to test and find examples that violate this theory. Several claims of violation in the past were attributed to the difference in the geometries/coordination number and, therefore, these are not examples of true violation. In recent years, substantial efforts have been undertaken to synthesise a true CoIVO species with various ligand architectures. CoIVO and CoIII-O˙ are electromers and, while they are interchangeably used in the literature; the former violates the oxo-wall while the latter does not. The possibility that these two species could exist in various proportions similar to resonating structures has not been considered in detail in this area. Furthermore, there have been no attempts to quantify such mixing. In this direction, we have employed density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio CASSCF/NEVPT2 methods to quantify the co-existence of CoIVO and CoIII-O˙ isomeric species. By thoroughly studying six different metal-oxo species, we affirm that the nature of such electromeric mixing is minimal/negligible for FeIVO and MnIVO species - both are pre-oxo-wall examples. By studying four different ligand architectures with Co-oxo species, our results unveil that the mixing of CoIVO ↔ CoIII-O˙ is substantial in all geometries, with dominant CoIVO species favourable for the S = 3/2 intermediate spin state. The percentage of the CoIII-O˙ species is enhanced substantially for the S = 1/2 low-spin state. We have attempted to develop a tool to estimate the percentage of the CoIII-O˙ species using various structural parameters. Among those tested, a linear relationship between % of CoIII-O˙ and a bond length based ratio is found (, where d(Co-O) and d(Co-Nax) are the axial Co-O and Co-Nax bond lengths in Å, respectively). It is found that the higher the Rd, the greater the CoIII-O˙ character will be and the geometrically portable correlation developed offers a way to qualitatively compute the % of CoIII-O˙ character for unknown geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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24
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Munshi S, Sinha A, Yiga S, Banerjee S, Singh R, Hossain MK, Haukka M, Valiati AF, Huelsmann RD, Martendal E, Peralta R, Xavier F, Wendt OF, Paine TK, Nordlander E. Hydrogen-atom and oxygen-atom transfer reactivities of iron(IV)-oxo complexes of quinoline-substituted pentadentate ligands. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:870-884. [PMID: 34994361 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03381f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of iron(II) complexes with the general formula [FeII(L2-Qn)(L)]n+ (n = 1, L = F-, Cl-; n = 2, L = NCMe, H2O) have been isolated and characterized. The X-ray crystallographic data reveals that metal-ligand bond distances vary with varying ligand field strengths of the sixth ligand. While the complexes with fluoride, chloride and water as axial ligand are high spin, the acetonitrile-coordinated complex is in a mixed spin state. The steric bulk of the quinoline moieties forces the axial ligands to deviate from the Fe-Naxial axis. A higher deviation/tilt is noted for the high spin complexes, while the acetonitrile coordinated complex displays least deviation. This deviation from linearity is slightly less in the analogous low-spin iron(II) complex [FeII(L1-Qn)(NCMe)]2+ of the related asymmetric ligand L1-Qn due to the presence of only one sterically demanding quinoline moiety. The two iron(II)-acetonitrile complexes [FeII(L2-Qn)(NCMe)]2+ and [FeII(L1-Qn)(NCMe)]2+ generate the corresponding iron(IV)-oxo species with higher thermal stability of the species supported by the L1-Qn ligand. The crystallographic and spectroscopic data for [FeIV(O)(L1-Qn)](ClO4)2 bear resemblance to other crystallographically characterized S = 1 iron(IV)-oxo complexes. The hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reactivities of both the iron(IV)-oxo complexes were investigated, and a Box-Behnken multivariate optimization of the parameters for catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane by [FeII(L2-Qn)(NCMe)]2+ using hydrogen peroxide as the terminal oxidant is presented. An increase in the average Fe-N bond length in [FeII(L1-Qn)(NCMe)]2+ is also manifested in higher HAT and OAT rates relative to the other reported complexes of ligands based on the N4Py framework. The results reported here confirm that the steric influence of the ligand environment is of critical importance for the reactivity of iron(IV)-oxo complexes, but additional electronic factors must influence the reactivity of iron-oxo complexes of N4Py derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Munshi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
| | - Arup Sinha
- Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Solomon Yiga
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sridhar Banerjee
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
| | - Reena Singh
- Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Md Kamal Hossain
- Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Box 35, FI-400 14, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Andrei Felipe Valiati
- Department of Chemistry, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dagnoni Huelsmann
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Technological Sciences, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), 89219-710 Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Edmar Martendal
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Technological Sciences, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), 89219-710 Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rosely Peralta
- Department of Chemistry, LABINC, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fernando Xavier
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Technological Sciences, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), 89219-710 Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ola F Wendt
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Tapan K Paine
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
| | - Ebbe Nordlander
- Chemical Physics, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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25
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Sabapathi G, Venuvanalingam P. Oxidative C–C/C–X coupling in organometallic nickel complexes: insights from DFT. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02480b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NiIII and NiIV-center complexes prefer direct reductive elimination than reacting through five-coordinate intermediates. 32+ complex in the presence of Cl− undergoes Cl–Csp2 elimination preferably over Cl–Csp3 and Csp3–Csp2 elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Sabapathi
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Ponnambalam Venuvanalingam
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
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26
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Bleher K, Comba P, Faltermeier D, Gupta A, Kerscher M, Krieg S, Martin B, Velmurugan G, Yang S. Non-Heme-Iron-Mediated Selective Halogenation of Unactivated Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103452. [PMID: 34792224 PMCID: PMC9300152 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation of the iron(II) precursor [(L1)FeIICl2], where L1 is a tetradentate bispidine, with soluble iodosylbenzene (sPhIO) leads to the extremely reactive ferryl oxidant [(L1)(Cl)FeIV=O]+ with a cis disposition of the chlorido and oxido coligands, as observed in non‐heme halogenase enzymes. Experimental data indicate that, with cyclohexane as substrate, there is selective formation of chlorocyclohexane, the halogenation being initiated by C−H abstraction and the result of a rebound of the ensuing radical to an iron‐bound Cl−. The time‐resolved formation of the halogenation product indicates that this primarily results from sPhIO oxidation of an initially formed oxido‐bridged diiron(III) resting state. The high yield of up to >70 % (stoichiometric reaction) as well as the differing reactivities of free Fe2+ and Fe3+ in comparison with [(L1)FeIICl2] indicate a high complex stability of the bispidine‐iron complexes. DFT analysis shows that, due to a large driving force and small triplet‐quintet gap, [(L1)(Cl)FeIV=O]+ is the most reactive small‐molecule halogenase model, that the FeIII/radical rebound intermediate has a relatively long lifetime (as supported by experimentally observed cage escape), and that this intermediate has, as observed experimentally, a lower energy barrier to the halogenation than the hydroxylation product; this is shown to primarily be due to steric effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bleher
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Comba
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Faltermeier
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashutosh Gupta
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marion Kerscher
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saskia Krieg
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bodo Martin
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gunasekaran Velmurugan
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shuyi Yang
- Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (IWR), INF 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Farley GW, Siegler MA, Goldberg DP. Halogen Transfer to Carbon Radicals by High-Valent Iron Chloride and Iron Fluoride Corroles. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17288-17302. [PMID: 34709780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
High-valent iron halide corroles were examined to determine their reactivity with carbon radicals and their ability to undergo radical rebound-like processes. Beginning with Fe(Cl)(ttppc) (1) (ttppc = 5,10,15-tris(2,4,6-triphenylphenyl)corrolato3-), the new iron corroles Fe(OTf)(ttppc) (2), Fe(OTf)(ttppc)(AgOTf) (3), and Fe(F)(ttppc) (4) were synthesized. Complexes 3 and 4 are the first iron triflate and iron fluoride corroles to be structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of 3 reveals an AgI-pyrrole (η2-π) interaction. The Fe(Cl)(ttppc) and Fe(F)(ttppc) complexes undergo halogen transfer to triarylmethyl radicals, and kinetic analysis of the reaction between (p-OMe-C6H4)3C• and 1 gave k = 1.34(3) × 103 M-1 s-1 at 23 °C and 2.2(2) M-1 s-1 at -60 °C, ΔH⧧ = +9.8(3) kcal mol-1, and ΔS⧧ = -14(1) cal mol-1 K-1 through an Eyring analysis. Complex 4 is significantly more reactive, giving k = 1.16(6) × 105 M-1 s-1 at 23 °C. The data point to a concerted mechanism and show the trend X = F- > Cl- > OH- for Fe(X)(ttppc). This study provides mechanistic insights into halogen rebound for an iron porphyrinoid complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W Farley
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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28
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Mehmood R, Vennelakanti V, Kulik HJ. Spectroscopically Guided Simulations Reveal Distinct Strategies for Positioning Substrates to Achieve Selectivity in Nonheme Fe(II)/α-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Halogenases. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Mehmood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vyshnavi Vennelakanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J. Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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29
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Lee JL, Ross DL, Barman SK, Ziller JW, Borovik AS. C-H Bond Cleavage by Bioinspired Nonheme Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:13759-13783. [PMID: 34491738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The functionalization of C-H bonds is one of the most challenging transformations in synthetic chemistry. In biology, these processes are well-known and are achieved with a variety of metalloenzymes, many of which contain a single metal center within their active sites. The most well studied are those with Fe centers, and the emerging experimental data show that high-valent iron oxido species are the intermediates responsible for cleaving the C-H bond. This Forum Article describes the state of this field with an emphasis on nonheme Fe enzymes and current experimental results that provide insights into the properties that make these species capable of C-H bond cleavage. These parameters are also briefly considered in regard to manganese oxido complexes and Cu-containing metalloenzymes. Synthetic iron oxido complexes are discussed to highlight their utility as spectroscopic and mechanistic probes and reagents for C-H bond functionalization. Avenues for future research are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin L Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Dolores L Ross
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Suman K Barman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - A S Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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30
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Mukherjee G, Satpathy JK, Bagha UK, Mubarak MQE, Sastri CV, de Visser SP. Inspiration from Nature: Influence of Engineered Ligand Scaffolds and Auxiliary Factors on the Reactivity of Biomimetic Oxidants. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gourab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Jagnyesh K. Satpathy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Umesh K. Bagha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - M. Qadri E. Mubarak
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Chivukula V. Sastri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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31
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Ai JJ, Liu BB, Li J, Wang F, Huang CM, Rao W, Wang SY. Fe-S Catalyst Generated In Situ from Fe(III)- and S 3•--Promoted Aerobic Oxidation of Terminal Alkenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:4705-4709. [PMID: 34060853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An iron-sulfur complex formed by the simple mixture of FeCl3 with S3•- generated in situ from K2S is developed and applied to selective aerobic oxidation of terminal alkenes. The reaction was carried out under an atmosphere of O2 (balloon) and could proceed on a gram scale, expanding the application of S3•- in organic synthesis. This study also encourages us to explore the application of an Fe-S catalyst in organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Ai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bei-Bei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Cheng-Mi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weidong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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32
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Biswas JP, Ansari M, Paik A, Sasmal S, Paul S, Rana S, Rajaraman G, Maiti D. Effect of the Ligand Backbone on the Reactivity and Mechanistic Paradigm of Non‐Heme Iron(IV)‐Oxo during Olefin Epoxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Mursaleem Ansari
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Raja Rammohunpur Darjeeling West Bengal, Pin 734013 India
| | - Sheuli Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Raja Rammohunpur Darjeeling West Bengal, Pin 734013 India
| | - Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Raja Rammohunpur Darjeeling West Bengal, Pin 734013 India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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33
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Biswas JP, Ansari M, Paik A, Sasmal S, Paul S, Rana S, Rajaraman G, Maiti D. Effect of the Ligand Backbone on the Reactivity and Mechanistic Paradigm of Non-Heme Iron(IV)-Oxo during Olefin Epoxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14030-14039. [PMID: 33836110 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen atom transfer (OAT) reactivity of the non-heme [FeIV (2PyN2Q)(O)]2+ (2) containing the sterically bulky quinoline-pyridine pentadentate ligand (2PyN2Q) has been thoroughly studied with different olefins. The ferryl-oxo complex 2 shows excellent OAT reactivity during epoxidations. The steric encumbrance and electronic effect of the ligand influence the mechanistic shuttle between OAT pathway I and isomerization pathway II (during the reaction stereo pure olefins), resulting in a mixture of cis-trans epoxide products. In contrast, the sterically less hindered and electronically different [FeIV (N4Py)(O)]2+ (1) provides only cis-stilbene epoxide. A Hammett study suggests the role of dominant inductive electronic along with minor resonance effect during electron transfer from olefin to 2 in the rate-limiting step. Additionally, a computational study supports the involvement of stepwise pathways during olefin epoxidation. The ferryl bend due to the bulkier ligand incorporation leads to destabilization of both d z 2 and d x 2 - y 2 orbitals, leading to a very small quintet-triplet gap and enhanced reactivity for 2 compared to 1. Thus, the present study unveils the role of steric and electronic effects of the ligand towards mechanistic modification during olefin epoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Prasad Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Mursaleem Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Pin, 734013, India
| | - Sheuli Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Pin, 734013, India
| | - Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal, Pin, 734013, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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34
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Yadav V, Siegler MA, Goldberg DP. Temperature-Dependent Reactivity of a Non-heme Fe III(OH)(SR) Complex: Relevance to Isopenicillin N Synthase. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:46-52. [PMID: 33356198 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-heme iron complexes with cis-FeIII(OH)(SAr/OAr) coordination were isolated and examined for their reactivity with a tertiary carbon radical. The sulfur-ligated complex shows a temperature dependence on •OH versus ArS• transfer, whereas the oxygen-ligated complex does not. These results provide the first working model for C-S bond formation in isopenicillin N synthase and indicate that kinetic control may be a key factor in the selectivity of non-heme iron "rebound" processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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35
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Rana S, Biswas JP, Paul S, Paik A, Maiti D. Organic synthesis with the most abundant transition metal–iron: from rust to multitasking catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:243-472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising aspects of iron in synthetic chemistry are being explored for three-four decades as a green and eco-friendly alternative to late transition metals. This present review unveils these rich iron-chemistry towards different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | | | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- IIT Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI)
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36
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Kweon J, Chang S. Highly Robust Iron Catalyst System for Intramolecular C(sp
3
)−H Amidation Leading to γ‐Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonguk Kweon
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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37
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Kweon J, Chang S. Highly Robust Iron Catalyst System for Intramolecular C(sp
3
)−H Amidation Leading to γ‐Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2909-2914. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonguk Kweon
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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38
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Zhang Q, Hou B, Li Y, Zhang W, Liu J. DNA interactive and selective anticancer activity studies of copper(II) complexes decorated water‐soluble porphyrin. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco‐environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing‐jie Hou
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco‐environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco‐environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco‐environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Jia‐cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco‐environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 People's Republic of China
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39
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Kluza A, Wojdyla Z, Mrugala B, Kurpiewska K, Porebski PJ, Niedzialkowska E, Minor W, Weiss MS, Borowski T. Regioselectivity of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase-catalysed hydroxylation as revealed by high-resolution structural information and QM/MM calculations. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4454-4469. [PMID: 32182320 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00302f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H) is a bifunctional non-heme 2-oxoglutarate/Fe2+-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the two final steps in the biosynthesis of scopolamine. Based on high resolution crystal structures of H6H from Datura metel, detailed information on substrate binding was obtained that provided insights into the onset of the enzymatic process. In particular, the role of two prominent residues was revealed - Glu-116 that interacts with the tertiary amine located on the hyoscyamine tropane moiety and Tyr-326 that forms CH-π hydrogen bonds with the hyoscyamine phenyl ring. The structures were used as the basis for QM/MM calculations that provided an explanation for the regioselectivity of the hydroxylation reaction on the hyoscyamine tropane moiety (C6 vs. C7) and quantified contributions of active site residues to respective barrier heights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kluza
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Zuzanna Wojdyla
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Beata Mrugala
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland. and Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, PL-30387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw J Porebski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland. and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ewa Niedzialkowska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland. and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Wladek Minor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue Pinn Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Manfred S Weiss
- Macromolecular Crystallography, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tomasz Borowski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, PL-30239 Krakow, Poland.
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40
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Kannan N, Patil AR, Sinha A. Direct C-H bond halogenation and pseudohalogenation of hydrocarbons mediated by high-valent 3d metal-oxo species. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14344-14360. [PMID: 33057538 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02533j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Late-stage direct functionalization of the C-H bond is synthetically desirable. Metalloenzymes having metal-oxo active sites are well known to selectively catalyze hydroxylation and halogenation reactions with high efficiency. This review highlights the recent developments in the field of direct C-H halogenation and pseudohalogenation reactions catalyzed by the functional models of metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neppoliyan Kannan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Akshay R Patil
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arup Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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41
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Ansari M, Senthilnathan D, Rajaraman G. Deciphering the origin of million-fold reactivity observed for the open core diiron [HO-Fe III-O-Fe IV[double bond, length as m-dash]O] 2+ species towards C-H bond activation: role of spin-states, spin-coupling, and spin-cooperation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10669-10687. [PMID: 33209248 PMCID: PMC7654192 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02624g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High-valent metal-oxo species have been characterised as key intermediates in both heme and non-heme enzymes that are found to perform efficient aliphatic hydroxylation, epoxidation, halogenation, and dehydrogenation reactions. Several biomimetic model complexes have been synthesised over the years to mimic both the structure and function of metalloenzymes. The diamond-core [Fe2(μ-O)2] is one of the celebrated models in this context as this has been proposed as the catalytically active species in soluble methane monooxygenase enzymes (sMMO), which perform the challenging chemical conversion of methane to methanol at ease. In this context, a report of open core [HO(L)FeIII-O-FeIV(O)(L)]2+ (1) gains attention as this activates C-H bonds a million-fold faster compared to the diamond-core structure and has the dual catalytic ability to perform hydroxylation as well as desaturation with organic substrates. In this study, we have employed density functional methods to probe the origin of the very high reactivity observed for this complex and also to shed light on how this complex performs efficient hydroxylation and desaturation of alkanes. By modelling fifteen possible spin-states for 1 that could potentially participate in the reaction mechanism, our calculations reveal a doublet ground state for 1 arising from antiferromagnetic coupling between the quartet FeIV centre and the sextet FeIII centre, which regulates the reactivity of this species. The unusual stabilisation of the high-spin ground state for FeIV[double bond, length as m-dash]O is due to the strong overlap of with the orbital, reducing the antibonding interactions via spin-cooperation. The electronic structure features computed for 1 are consistent with experiments offering confidence in the methodology chosen. Further, we have probed various mechanistic pathways for the C-H bond activation as well as -OH rebound/desaturation of alkanes. An extremely small barrier height computed for the first hydrogen atom abstraction by the terminal FeIV[double bond, length as m-dash]O unit was found to be responsible for the million-fold activation observed in the experiments. The barrier height computed for -OH rebound by the FeIII-OH unit is also smaller suggesting a facile hydroxylation of organic substrates by 1. A strong spin-cooperation between the two iron centres also reduces the barrier for second hydrogen atom abstraction, thus making the desaturation pathway competitive. Both the spin-state as well as spin-coupling between the two metal centres play a crucial role in dictating the reactivity for species 1. By exploring various mechanistic pathways, our study unveils the fact that the bridged μ-oxo group is a poor electrophile for both C-H activation as well for -OH rebound. As more and more evidence is gathered in recent years for the open core geometry of sMMO enzymes, the idea of enhancing the reactivity via an open-core motif has far-reaching consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mursaleem Ansari
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India .
| | - Dhurairajan Senthilnathan
- Center for Computational Chemistry , CRD , PRIST University , Vallam , Thanjavur , Tamilnadu 613403 , India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India .
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42
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Kumar R, Pandey B, Sen A, Ansari M, Sharma S, Rajaraman G. Role of oxidation state, ferryl-oxygen, and ligand architecture on the reactivity of popular high-valent FeIV=O species: A theoretical perspective. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Coin G, Patra R, Rana S, Biswas JP, Dubourdeaux P, Clémancey M, de Visser SP, Maiti D, Maldivi P, Latour JM. Fe-Catalyzed Aziridination Is Governed by the Electron Affinity of the Active Imido-Iron Species. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Coin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ranjan Patra
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, DIESE, SYMMES, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research & Studies (AICCRS), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, India
| | - Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013, India
| | | | | | - Martin Clémancey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Pascale Maldivi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, DIESE, SYMMES, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Marc Latour
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, LCBM, 38000 Grenoble, France
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44
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Vicens L, Olivo G, Costas M. Rational Design of Bioinspired Catalysts for Selective Oxidations. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Vicens
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Giorgio Olivo
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
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45
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Oswald VF, Lee JL, Biswas S, Weitz AC, Mittra K, Fan R, Li J, Zhao J, Hu MY, Alp EE, Bominaar EL, Guo Y, Green MT, Hendrich MP, Borovik AS. Effects of Noncovalent Interactions on High-Spin Fe(IV)-Oxido Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11804-11817. [PMID: 32489096 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High-valent nonheme FeIV-oxido species are key intermediates in biological oxidation, and their properties are proposed to be influenced by the unique microenvironments present in protein active sites. Microenvironments are regulated by noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) and electrostatic interactions; however, there is little quantitative information about how these interactions affect crucial properties of high valent metal-oxido complexes. To address this knowledge gap, we introduced a series of FeIV-oxido complexes that have the same S = 2 spin ground state as those found in nature and then systematically probed the effects of noncovalent interactions on their electronic, structural, and vibrational properties. The key design feature that provides access to these complexes is the new tripodal ligand [poat]3-, which contains phosphinic amido groups. An important structural aspect of [FeIVpoat(O)]- is the inclusion of an auxiliary site capable of binding a Lewis acid (LAII); we used this unique feature to further modulate the electrostatic environment around the Fe-oxido unit. Experimentally, studies confirmed that H-bonds and LAII s can interact directly with the oxido ligand in FeIV-oxido complexes, which weakens the Fe═O bond and has an impact on the electronic structure. We found that relatively large vibrational changes in the Fe-oxido unit correlate with small structural changes that could be difficult to measure, especially within a protein active site. Our work demonstrates the important role of noncovalent interactions on the properties of metal complexes, and that these interactions need to be considered when developing effective oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria F Oswald
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Justin L Lee
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Saborni Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Andrew C Weitz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kaustuv Mittra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Biochemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ruixi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jikun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Michael Y Hu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Esen E Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Emile L Bominaar
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yisong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael T Green
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Molecular Biosciences and Biochemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Michael P Hendrich
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - A S Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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46
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Lv S, Yan X, Li C, Zhou S, Shoberu A, Zou J. Copper‐Catalyzed
sp
3
‐Carbon Radical/Halogen Radical Cross Coupling: Selective Halogenation of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai‐Shuai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Xu‐Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Cheng‐Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Shao‐Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Adedamola Shoberu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Jian‐Ping Zou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences Soochow University Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123 China
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47
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Catalytic and stoichiometric oxoiron(IV) assisted oxidation of hydrocynnamaldehyde under air. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Yadav V, Rodriguez RJ, Siegler MA, Goldberg DP. Determining the Inherent Selectivity for Carbon Radical Hydroxylation versus Halogenation with Fe III(OH)(X) Complexes: Relevance to the Rebound Step in Non-heme Iron Halogenases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7259-7264. [PMID: 32281794 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first structural models of the proposed cis-FeIII(OH)(halide) intermediate in the non-heme iron halogenases were synthesized and examined for their inherent reactivity with tertiary carbon radicals. Selective hydroxylation occurs for these cis-FeIII(OH)(X) (X = Cl, Br) complexes in a radical rebound-like process. In contrast, a cis-FeIII(Cl)2 complex reacts with carbon radicals to give halogenation. These results are discussed in terms of the inherent reactivity of the analogous rebound intermediate in both enzymes and related catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Rodolfo J Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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49
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Biswas JP, Guin S, Maiti D. Highvalent 3d metal-oxo mediated C–H halogenation: Biomimetic approaches. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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50
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Chiou MF, Xiong H, Li Y, Bao H, Zhang X. Revealing the Iron-Catalyzed β-Methyl Scission of tert-Butoxyl Radicals via the Mechanistic Studies of Carboazidation of Alkenes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051224. [PMID: 32182775 PMCID: PMC7179474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here a mechanistic study of the iron-catalyzed carboazidation of alkenes involving an intriguing metal-assisted β-methyl scission process. Although t-BuO radical has frequently been observed in experiments, the β-methyl scission from a t-BuO radical into a methyl radical and acetone is still broadly believed to be thermodynamically spontaneous and difficult to control. An iron-catalyzed β-methyl scission of t-BuO is investigated in this work. Compared to a free t-BuO radical, the coordination at the iron atom reduces the activation energy for the scission from 9.3 to 3.9 ~ 5.2 kcal/mol. The low activation energy makes the iron-catalyzed β-methyl scission of t-BuO radicals almost an incomparably facile process and explains the selective formation of methyl radicals at low temperature in the presence of some iron catalysts. In addition, a radical relay process and an outer-sphere radical azidation process in the iron-catalyzed carboazidation of alkenes are suggested by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Feng Chiou
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; (M.-F.C.); (H.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haigen Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; (M.-F.C.); (H.X.); (Y.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; (M.-F.C.); (H.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hongli Bao
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; (M.-F.C.); (H.X.); (Y.L.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-0591-63179307 (H.B.); +86-0755-26037219 (X.Z.)
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-0591-63179307 (H.B.); +86-0755-26037219 (X.Z.)
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