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Catania R, Heath GR, Rappolt M, Muench SP, Beales PA, Jeuken LJC. Solid-supported polymer-lipid hybrid membrane for bioelectrochemistry of a membrane redox enzyme. RSC APPLIED INTERFACES 2025:d4lf00362d. [PMID: 39980607 PMCID: PMC11834424 DOI: 10.1039/d4lf00362d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025]
Abstract
Hybrid membranes, consisting of phospholipids and amphiphilic block polymers, offer enhanced stability compared to liposomes and greater biocompatibility than polymersomes. These qualities make them a versatile platform for a wide range of applications across various fields. In this study, we have investigated the ability of solid-supported polymer-lipid hybrid membranes (SSHM) to act as a platform for bioelectrochemistry of membrane proteins. The redox enzyme, cytochrome bo 3 (cyt bo 3 ), a terminal oxidase in Escherichia coli, was reconstituted into hybrid vesicles (HVs), which were subsequently tested for their ability to form SSHMs on different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrodes. SSHM formation was monitored with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). SSHMs were successfully formed on gold electrodes with mixed SAMs of 6-mercapto-1-hexanol and 1-hexanethiol at a 1 : 1 ratio. The activity of cyt bo 3 was confirmed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), with electron transfer to cyt bo 3 mediated by a lipophilic substrate-analogue decylubiquinone (DQ). SSHMs formed with HVs-cyt bo 3 samples, stored for more than one year before use, remain bioelectrocatalytically active, confirming our previously established longevity and stability of HV systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Catania
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - George R Heath
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Stephen P Muench
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Paul A Beales
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Lars J C Jeuken
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University PO Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
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2
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Kambar N, Go YK, Snyder C, Do MN, Leal C. Structural characterization of lateral phase separation in polymer-lipid hybrid membranes. Methods Enzymol 2024; 700:235-273. [PMID: 38971602 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchic self-assembly is the main mechanism used to create diverse structures using soft materials. This is a case for both synthetic materials and biomolecular systems, as exemplified by the non-covalent organization of lipids into membranes. In nature, lipids often assemble into single bilayers, but other nanostructures are encountered, such as bilayer stacks and tubular and vesicular aggregates. Synthetic block copolymers can be engineered to recapitulate many of the structures, forms, and functions of lipid systems. When block copolymers are amphiphilic, they can be inserted or co-assembled into hybrid membranes that exhibit synergistic structural, permeability, and mechanical properties. One example is the emergence of lateral phase separation akin to the raft formation in biomembranes. When higher-order structures, such as hybrid membranes, are formed, this lateral phase separation can be correlated across membranes in the stack. This chapter outlines a set of important methods, such as X-ray Scattering, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Cryo-Electron Microscopy, that are relevant to characterizing and evaluating lateral and correlated phase separation in hybrid membranes at the nano and mesoscales. Understanding the phase behavior of polymer-lipid hybrid materials could lead to innovative advancements in biomimetic membrane separation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurila Kambar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Yoo Kyung Go
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Corey Snyder
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Minh N Do
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Cecília Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.
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Sypabekova M, Hagemann A, Rho D, Kim S. Review: 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) Deposition Methods on Oxide Surfaces in Solution and Vapor Phases for Biosensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:bios13010036. [PMID: 36671871 PMCID: PMC9856095 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization and bioreceptor immobilization are critical processes in developing a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. The silanization process with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on oxide surfaces is frequently used for surface functionalization because of beneficial characteristics such as its bifunctional nature and low cost. Optimizing the deposition process of the APTES layer to obtain a monolayer is crucial to having a stable surface and effectively immobilizing the bioreceptors, which leads to the improved repeatability and sensitivity of the biosensor. This review provides an overview of APTES deposition methods, categorized into the solution-phase and vapor-phase, and a comprehensive summary and guide for creating stable APTES monolayers on oxide surfaces for biosensing applications. A brief explanation of APTES is introduced, and the APTES deposition methods with their pre/post-treatments and characterization results are discussed. Lastly, APTES deposition methods on nanoparticles used for biosensors are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Aidan Hagemann
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Donggee Rho
- Center for Nano Bio Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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4
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Goodband R, Bain CD, Staykova M. Comparative Study of Lipid- and Polymer-Supported Membranes Obtained by Vesicle Fusion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5674-5681. [PMID: 35471971 PMCID: PMC9097520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We compare the fusion of giant lipid and block-copolymer vesicles on glass and poly(dimethylsiloxane) substrates. Both types of vesicles are similar in their ability to fuse to hydrophilic substrates and form patches with distinct heart or circular shapes. We use epifluorescence/confocal microscopy and atomic force microscopy on membrane patches to (i) characterize bilayer fluidity and patch-edge stability and (ii) follow the intermediate stages in the formation of continuous supported bilayers. Polymer membranes show much lower membrane fluidity and, unlike lipids, an inability of adjacent patches to fuse spontaneously into continuous membranes. We ascribe this effect to hydration repulsion forces acting between the patch edges, which can be diminished by increasing the sample temperature. We show that large areas of supported polymer membranes can be created by fusing giant vesicles on glass or poly(dimethylsiloxane) substrates and annealing their edges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Bain
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
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5
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Abstract
Hierarchic self-assembly underpins much of the form and function seen in synthetic or biological soft materials. Lipids are paramount examples, building themselves in nature or synthetically in a variety of meso/nanostructures. Synthetic block copolymers capture many of lipid's structural and functional properties. Lipids are typically biocompatible and high molecular weight polymers are mechanically robust and chemically versatile. The development of new materials for applications like controlled drug/gene/protein delivery, biosensors, and artificial cells often requires the combination of lipids and polymers. The emergent composite material, a "polymer-lipid hybrid membrane", displays synergistic properties not seen in pure components. Specific examples include the observation that hybrid membranes undergo lateral phase separation that can correlate in registry across multiple layers into a three-dimensional phase-separated system with enhanced permeability of encapsulated drugs. It is timely to underpin these emergent properties in several categories of hybrid systems ranging from colloidal suspensions to supported hybrid films. In this review, we discuss the form and function of a vast number of polymer-lipid hybrid systems published to date. We rationalize the results to raise new fundamental understanding of hybrid self-assembling soft materials as well as to enable the design of new supramolecular systems and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Kyung Go
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Characterization of Atherosclerotic Plaque Coating for Thrombosis Microfluidics Assays. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 15:55-65. [PMID: 35087606 PMCID: PMC8761191 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studying arterial thrombus formation by in vitro flow assays is a widely used approach. Incorporating human atherosclerotic plaque material as a thrombogenic surface in these assays represents a method to model the pathophysiological environment of thrombus formation upon plaque disruption. Up until now, achieving a homogeneous coating of plaque material and subsequent reproducible platelet adhesion has been challenging. Here, we characterized a novel method for coating of plaque material on glass coverslips for use in thrombosis microfluidic assays. Methods A homogenate of human atherosclerotic plaques was coated on glass coverslips by conventional manual droplet coating or by spin coating. Prior to coating, a subset of coverslips was plasma treated. Water contact angle measurements were performed as an indicator for the hydrophilicity of the coverslips. Homogeneity of plaque coatings was determined using profilometric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Thrombogenicity of the plaque material was assessed in real time by microscopic imaging while perfusing whole blood at a shear rate of 1500 s−1 over the plaque material. Results Plasma treatment of glass coverslips, prior to spin coating with plaque material, increased the hydrophilicity of the coverslip compared to no plasma treatment. The most homogeneous plaque coating and highest platelet adhesion was obtained upon plasma treatment followed by spin coating of the plaque material. Manual plaque coating on non-plasma treated coverslips yielded lowest coating homogeneity and platelet adhesion and activation. Conclusion Spin coating of atherosclerotic plaque material on plasma treated coverslips leads to a more homogenous coating and improved platelet adhesion to the plaque when compared to conventional droplet coating on non-plasma treated coverslips. These properties are beneficial in ensuring the quality and reproducibility of flow experiments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-021-00713-9.
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Zhuang Y, Zhao Y, Wang B, Wang Q, Cai T, Cai Y. Strategies for Preparing Different Types of Lipid Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles in Targeted Tumor Therapy. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2274-2288. [PMID: 33222665 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201120155558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
At present, cancer is one of the most common diseases in the world, causing a large number of deaths and seriously affecting people's health. The traditional treatment of cancer is mainly surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Conventional chemotherapy is still an important treatment, but it has some shortcomings, such as poor cell selectivity, serious side effects, drug resistance and so on. Nanoparticle administration can improve drug stability, reduce toxicity, prolong drug release time, prolong system half-life, and bring broad prospects for tumor therapy. Lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs), which combine the advantages of polymer core and phospholipid shell to form a single platform, have become multi-functional drug delivery platforms. This review introduces the basic characteristics, structure and preparation methods of LPNs, and discusses targeting strategies of LPNs in tumor therapy in order to overcome the defects of traditional drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhuang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yiye Zhao
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Bingyue Wang
- Guangzhou Jiayuan Medical and Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangzhou Jiayuan Medical and Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Tiange Cai
- College of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Yu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Manzer ZA, Ghosh S, Jacobs ML, Krishnan S, Zipfel WR, Piñeros M, Kamat NP, Daniel S. Cell-Free Synthesis of a Transmembrane Mechanosensitive Channel Protein into a Hybrid-Supported Lipid Bilayer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3101-3112. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Manzer
- R.F. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- R.F. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Miranda L. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | - Warren R. Zipfel
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Miguel Piñeros
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, US Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Susan Daniel
- R.F. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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9
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Balestri A, Chiappisi L, Montis C, Micciulla S, Lonetti B, Berti D. Organized Hybrid Molecular Films from Natural Phospholipids and Synthetic Block Copolymers: A Physicochemical Investigation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:10941-10951. [PMID: 32852955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, hybrid lipid-copolymer assemblies have attracted increasing attention as possible two-dimensional (2D) membrane platforms, combining the biorelevance of the lipid building blocks with the stability and chemical tunability of copolymers. The relevance of these systems varies from fundamental studies on biological membrane-related phenomena to the construction of 2D complex devices for material science and biosensor technology. Both the fundamental understanding and the application of hybrid lipid-copolymer-supported bilayers require thorough physicochemical comprehension and structural control. Herein, we report a comprehensive physicochemical and structural characterization of hybrid monolayers at the air/water interface and of solid-supported hybrid membranes constituted by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and the block copolymer poly(butadiene-b-ethyleneoxide) (PBD-b-PEO). Hybrid lipid-copolymer supported bilayers (HSLBs) with variable copolymer contents were prepared through spontaneous rupture and fusion of hybrid vesicles onto a hydrophilic substrate. The properties of the thin films and the parent vesicles were probed through dynamic light scattering (DLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical ellipsometry, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Stable, hybrid lipid/copolymer systems were obtained for a copolymer content of 10-65 mol %. In particular, DSC and CSLM show lateral phase separation in these hybrid systems. These results improve our fundamental understanding of HSLBs, which is necessary for future applications of hybrid systems as biomimetic membranes or as drug delivery systems, with additional properties with respect to phospholipid liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Balestri
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Costanza Montis
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Lonetti
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III- Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Debora Berti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
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Hybrid Lipid-Polymer Bilayers: pH-Mediated Interactions between Hybrid Vesicles and Glass. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040745. [PMID: 32231031 PMCID: PMC7240632 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
One practical approach towards robust and stable biomimetic platforms is to generate hybrid bilayers that incorporate both lipids and block co-polymer amphiphiles. The currently limited number of reports on the interaction of glass surfaces with hybrid lipid and polymer vesicles—DOPC mixed with amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide-b-butadiene) (PEO-PBd)—describe substantially different conclusions under very similar conditions (i.e., same pH). In this study, we varied vesicle composition and solution pH in order to generate a broader picture of spontaneous hybrid lipid/polymer vesicle interactions with rigid supports. Using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), we followed the interaction of hybrid lipid-polymer vesicles with borosilicate glass as a function of pH. We found pH-dependent adsorption/fusion of hybrid vesicles that accounts for some of the contradictory results observed in previous studies. Our results show that the formation of hybrid lipid-polymer bilayers is highly pH dependent and indicate that the interaction between glass surfaces and hybrid DOPC/PEO-PBd can be tuned with pH.
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Fauquignon M, Ibarboure E, Carlotti S, Brûlet A, Schmutz M, Le Meins JF. Large and Giant Unilamellar Vesicle(s) Obtained by Self-Assembly of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)- b-poly(ethylene oxide) Diblock Copolymers, Membrane Properties and Preliminary Investigation of their Ability to Form Hybrid Polymer/Lipid Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2013. [PMID: 31817266 PMCID: PMC6960648 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the emerging field of hybrid polymer/lipid vesicles, relatively few copolymers have been evaluated regarding their ability to form these structures and the resulting membrane properties have been scarcely studied. Here, we present the synthesis and self-assembly in solution of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers (PDMS-b-PEO). A library of different PDMS-b-PEO diblock copolymers was synthesized using ring-opening polymerization of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) and further coupling with PEO chains via click chemistry. Self-assembly of the copolymers in water was studied using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Static Light Scattering (SLS), Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS), and Cryo-Transmission Electron Microscopy (Cryo-TEM). Giant polymersomes obtained by electroformation present high toughness compared to those obtained from triblock copolymer in previous studies, for similar membrane thickness. Interestingly, these copolymers can be associated to phospholipids to form Giant Hybrid Unilamellar Vesicles (GHUV); preliminary investigations of their mechanical properties show that tough hybrid vesicles can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Fauquignon
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Emmanuel Ibarboure
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Stéphane Carlotti
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France;
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Institut Charles Sadron, UPR 22 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Jean-François Le Meins
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (M.F.); (E.I.); (S.C.)
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