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Banu A, Sinha B, Sikdar S. Synthesis of polymeric 2D-graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) nanosheets for sustainable photodegradation of organic pollutants. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33354. [PMID: 39040285 PMCID: PMC11261085 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
A superficial, one step thermal polycondensation method has been employed for the manifestation of graphene like graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalyst. The as synthesized g-C3N4 was well characterized by SEM and EDAX analysis, XRD, ATR-IR, FTIR, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopy which provide structural, morphological assemblage relating to the structure of g-C3N4. The g-C3N4 showed that an outstanding photochemical stability, morphology, conductive carbon framework and superior photocatalytic activity. The band gap value of g-C3N4 is 2.34 eV determined using Tauc plot. Due to low band gap (2.33 eV) and unique morphology which provides high separation and migration ability of the photogenerated charges, the g-C3N4 shows enhanced photocatalytic activity for the removal of many organic dyes such as Rhodamine B (RhB), Crystal Violet (CV), Methylene Blue (MB), Methyl Orange (MO), Naphthol Orange (NO) and a phenol derivative, p-Nitrophenol (p-NP). Among them, RhB dye was degraded almost 81 % at 90 min under sunlight irradiation in presence g-C3N4 while other dyes and p-NP was degraded at lower rate. From the experimental data, it was found that MO and p-NP degradation rate was least. The rate constant for degradation of Rh B is 1.1 × 10-2 min-1. Therefore, g-C3N4 can be used as an efficient photocatalyst for waste water treatment by the removal of such organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroja Banu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology (GKCIET), Narayanpur, Malda, 732141, India
| | - Biswajit Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734014, India
| | - Suranjan Sikdar
- Department of Chemistry, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology (GKCIET), Narayanpur, Malda, 732141, India
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2
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Katsina AU, Cursaru DL, Matei D, Mihai S. Effect of Morphology Modification of BiFeO 3 on Photocatalytic Efficacy of P-g-C 3N 4/BiFeO 3 Composites. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4948. [PMID: 38732166 PMCID: PMC11084511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This current study assessed the impacts of morphology adjustment of perovskite BiFeO3 (BFO) on the construction and photocatalytic activity of P-infused g-C3N4/U-BiFeO3 (U-BFO/PCN) heterostructured composite photocatalysts. Favorable formation of U-BFO/PCN composites was attained via urea-aided morphology-controlled hydrothermal synthesis of BFO followed by solvosonication-mediated fusion with already synthesized P-g-C3N4 to form U-BFO/PCN composites. The prepared bare and composite photocatalysts' morphological, textural, structural, optical, and photocatalytic performance were meticulously examined through various analytical characterization techniques and photodegradation of aqueous rhodamine B (RhB). Ellipsoids and flakes morphological structures were obtained for U-BFO and BFO, and their effects on the successful fabrication of the heterojunctions were also established. The U-BFO/PCN composite exhibits 99.2% efficiency within 20 min of visible-light irradiation, surpassing BFO/PCN (88.5%), PCN (66.8%), and U-BFO (26.1%). The pseudo-first-order kinetics of U-BFO/PCN composites is 2.41 × 10-1 min-1, equivalent to 2.2 times, 57 times, and 4.3 times of BFO/PCN (1.08 × 10-1 min-1), U-BFO, (4.20 × 10-3 min-1), and PCN, (5.60 × 10-2 min-1), respectively. The recyclability test demonstrates an outstanding photostability for U-BFO/PCN after four cyclic runs. This improved photocatalytic activity exhibited by the composites can be attributed to enhanced visible-light utilization and additional accessible active sites due to surface and electronic band modification of CN via P-doping and effective charge separation achieved via successful composites formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Usman Katsina
- Faculty of Petroleum Technology and Petrochemistry, Petroleum—Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania; (A.U.K.); (D.-L.C.); (D.M.)
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano PMB 3011, Nigeria
| | - Diana-Luciana Cursaru
- Faculty of Petroleum Technology and Petrochemistry, Petroleum—Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania; (A.U.K.); (D.-L.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Dănuţa Matei
- Faculty of Petroleum Technology and Petrochemistry, Petroleum—Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania; (A.U.K.); (D.-L.C.); (D.M.)
| | - Sonia Mihai
- Faculty of Petroleum Technology and Petrochemistry, Petroleum—Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania; (A.U.K.); (D.-L.C.); (D.M.)
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3
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Maity M, Bala I, Kanakala MB, Gupta SP, Yelamaggad CV, Pal SK. Tailoring Chiral Discotic Liquid Crystals: Mesophase Engineering through Alternative Approaches and Chain Lengths. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300936. [PMID: 37988364 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen (H)-bonding is crucial in constructing superstructures in chemical (such as chiral discotic liquid crystals (DLCs)) as well as in biological systems due to its specific and directional nature. In this context, we achieved the successful synthesis of two branches of heptazine-based H-bonded complexes using distinct strategies. Hpz*-Es-Cn , we incorporated chiral alkyl tails (Hpz-chiral) onto the central C3 symmetric heptazine core, connected to achiral benzoic acid derivatives (Es-Cn acid) through H-bonding. In Hpz-Es-Cn -acid*, we used an achiral heptazine derivative (Hpz-Es-Cn ) linked to a chiral acid via H-bonding. On the other hand, based on the DSC results, we observed that Hpz*-Es-Cn complexes exhibited three distinct phases, whereas Hpz-Es-Cn -acid* complexes displayed only a single mesophase. In polarized optical microscopy (POM) observations, all the complexes displayed birefringence at room temperature, with the color of the POM images changing as the temperature varied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies at lower temperatures confirmed that Hpz*-Es-C8 exhibited the columnar rectangular (Colr ) phase, while Hpz*-Es-C10/12 exhibited the columnar oblique (Colob ) phase. However, all the H-bonded complexes exhibited the columnar hexagonal (Colh ) phase at higher temperatures. The chiroptical spectra recorded by Circular dichroism (CD) highlight the specific observations in the columnar phase of two complexes, Hpz*-Es-C10 and Hpz*-Es-C12 . This behavior has potential applications in various fields, including sensors, displays, and responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusudan Maity
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
- Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli, PO 140306, India
| | - Indu Bala
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
- Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli, PO 140306, India
| | | | | | - C V Yelamaggad
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bengaluru, 560013, India
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
- Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli, PO 140306, India
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4
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S VB, Vadivel M, Singh DP, Raghunathan VA, Roy A, Kumar S. Benzopyrano-Fused Phenanthridine-Based Columnar Mesogens: Synthesis, Self-organization and Charge-Transport Properties. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300227. [PMID: 36856078 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Columnar mesogens constitute a fascinating class of supramolecular nano-architectures owing to the exceptional properties induced by their self-assembling behavior. Extending the π-conjugated core in such systems by incorporating heteroatoms extensively influences their mesomorphic, photophysical properties, etc., presenting them as potential candidates for optoelectronic applications. In the present work, a series of novel nitrogen and oxygen-incorporated chromenonaphthophenanthridine-based elliptical dimers have been synthesized through tandem Pictet-Spengler cyclization followed by ipso-aromatic substitution in one-pot. Mesophase characterization has been carried out by employing POM, DSC, and X-ray diffraction studies. Photophysical properties were investigated using UV-vis and emission spectroscopy. Furthermore, the charge transport properties were analyzed by time-of-flight measurements, and the observed ambipolar mobilities were found to be of the order of 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 . The high solubility, excellent thermal stability, self-organizing properties, and ambipolar charge transport characteristics make them promising candidates for applications in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanishree Bhat S
- Soft Condensed Matter group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560080, India
| | - Marichandran Vadivel
- Soft Condensed Matter group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560080, India
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure es Matériaux Moléculaires, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, Calais, 62228, France
| | - V A Raghunathan
- Soft Condensed Matter group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560080, India
| | - Arun Roy
- Soft Condensed Matter group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560080, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Soft Condensed Matter group, Raman Research Institute, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560080, India
- Department of Chemistry, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, India
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5
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Essalhi M, Mohan M, Marineau-Plante G, Schlachter A, Maris T, Harvey PD, Duong A. S-Heptazine N-ligand based luminescent coordination materials: synthesis, structural and luminescent studies of lanthanide-cyamelurate networks. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15005-15016. [PMID: 36112083 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01924h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various series of lanthanide metal-organic networks denoted Ln-Cy (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb), were synthesized under solvothermal conditions using potassium cyamelurate (K3Cy) and lanthanide nitrate salts. All obtained materials were fully characterized, and their crystal structures were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Four types of coordination modes were elucidated for the Ln-Cy series with different Ln3+ coordination geometries. Structural studies were performed to compare the various coordination compounds of the Ln-Cy series. Moreover, the cyamelurate linkers of rich π-conjugated and uncoordinated Lewis basic sites were used as an absorbing chromophore to enhance the luminescence quantum efficiency, the band emission and the luminescence lifetime of the coordinated Ln metal centers. Solid-state UV-visible measurements combined with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations were performed to further explore luminescent features of the Ln-Cy series and their origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Essalhi
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et physique, Institut de Recherche sur l'Hydrogène, Laboratory of Functional Materials for Energy and Nanotechnology (DuongLab) and Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Midhun Mohan
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et physique, Institut de Recherche sur l'Hydrogène, Laboratory of Functional Materials for Energy and Nanotechnology (DuongLab) and Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | | | - Adrien Schlachter
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Thierry Maris
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pierre D Harvey
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Adam Duong
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et physique, Institut de Recherche sur l'Hydrogène, Laboratory of Functional Materials for Energy and Nanotechnology (DuongLab) and Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, G9A 5H7, Canada.
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6
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Brachi M, Buzzetti PHM, Gorgy K, Shan D, Audebert P, le Goff A, Li H, Borsali R, Cosnier S. Trialkoxyheptazine-Based Glyconanoparticles for Fluorescence in Aqueous Solutions and on Surfaces via Controlled Binding in Space. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:135-139. [PMID: 35574794 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The fluorescent organic 2,5,8-tris((adamantan-1-yl)-methoxy)-heptazine (HTZ-Ad) was solubilized in water by inclusion of adamantane groups into free β-cyclodextrins or a cyclodextrin shell of glyconanoparticles. These glyconanoparticles with average diameters between 40 and 60 nm result from the self-assembly of polystyrene-block-β-cyclodextrin copolymers. Under UV irradiation at 365 nm, the modified nanoparticles exhibit fluorescence emission in aqueous media as well as in their adsorbed state. This constitutes the first spectroscopic characterization of a trialkoxyheptazine in aqueous medium. The specific binding of the glyconanoparticles to a surface was achieved via host-guest interactions with an electrochemically generated poly(pyrrole-adamantane) film. An interdigitated microelectrode modified with poly(pyrrole-adamantane) film and glyconanoparticles was incubated in HTZ-Ad, resulting in a substrate with spatially controlled fluorescence. The same modified electrode was incubated with an aqueous suspension of glyconanoparticles previously functionalized by HTZ-Ad, resulting in a fluorescent 3D assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brachi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Karine Gorgy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dan Shan
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, CNRS UMR 8531, ENS Cachan, 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan, France
| | - Alan le Goff
- Université Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Hong Li
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Redouane Borsali
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Cosnier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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7
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He C, Wang K, Wang Y, Xu S, Liu Y, Cao S. Properties tuning of supramolecular discotics by non-mesogenic triazines and acids. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Mu B, Zhang Z, Quan X, Hao X, Tian W. Perylene Bisimide-Based Luminescent Liquid Crystals with Tunable Solid-State Light Emission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57786-57795. [PMID: 34821143 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Perylene bisimides are among the most studied building blocks for supramolecular assemblies in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices for their exceptional optical and electronic properties; however, developing perylene bisimide-based luminescent liquid crystals remains a challenge for the strong π-stacking tendency of the large planar aromatic core to quench the emission. We here reported a novel strategy to achieve luminescent liquid crystals based on perylene bisimides by introducing a conformation-adjustable core to control the molecular stacking arrangement of planar perylene bisimides in the solid state. The emission wavelength is in the deep-red region with a luminescence efficiency of up to 10%. Fluorescence properties of the liquid crystals can be further regulated by photoisomerization-induced structural evolution from columnar to lamellar mesophases. These luminescent liquid crystals are also able to not only exhibit strong emission at high temperatures but also show attractive thermochromic luminescence tuning behaviors. This work provides a new strategy for the design and development of novel solid-state luminescent materials with potential for various optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Mu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhelin Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xuhong Quan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiangnan Hao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Dinkelbach F, Bracker M, Kleinschmidt M, Marian CM. Large Inverted Singlet-Triplet Energy Gaps Are Not Always Favorable for Triplet Harvesting: Vibronic Coupling Drives the (Reverse) Intersystem Crossing in Heptazine Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10044-10051. [PMID: 34756038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c09150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heptazine derivatives are promising dopants for electroluminescent devices. Recent studies raised the question whether heptazines exhibit a small regular or an inverted singlet-triplet (IST) gap. It was argued that the S1 ← T1 reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) is a downhill process in IST emitters and therefore does not require thermal activation, thus enabling efficient harvesting of triplet excitons. Rate constants were not determined in these studies. Modeling the excited-state properties of heptazine proves challenging because fluorescence and intersystem crossing (ISC) are symmetry-forbidden in first order. In this work, we present a comprehensive theoretical study of the photophysics of heptazine and its derivative HAP-3MF. The calculations of electronic excitation energies and vibronic coupling matrix elements have been conducted at the density functional theory/multireference configuration interaction (DFT/MRCI) level of theory. We have employed a finite difference approach to determine nonadiabatic couplings and derivatives of spin-orbit coupling and electric dipole transition matrix elements with respect to normal coordinate displacements. Kinetic constants for fluorescence, phosphorescence, internal conversion (IC), ISC, and RISC have been computed in the framework of a static approach. Radiative S1 ↔ S0 transitions borrow intensity mainly from optically bright E' π → π* states, while S1 ↔ T1 (R)ISC is mediated by E″ states of n → π* character. Test calculations show that IST gaps as large as those reported in the literature are counterproductive and slow down the S1 ← T1 RISC process. Using the adiabatic DFT/MRCI singlet-triplet splitting of -0.02 eV, we find vibronically enhanced ISC and RISC to be fast in the heptazine core compound. Nevertheless, its photo- and electroluminescence quantum yields are predicted to be very low because S1 → S0 IC efficiently quenches the luminescence. In contrast, fluorescence, IC, ISC, and RISC proceed at similar time scales in HAP-3MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dinkelbach
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mario Bracker
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Kleinschmidt
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christel M Marian
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sharma N, Ugale B, Kumar S, Kailasam K. Metal-Free Heptazine-Based Porous Polymeric Network as Highly Efficient Catalyst for CO 2 Capture and Conversion. Front Chem 2021; 9:737511. [PMID: 34722455 PMCID: PMC8554583 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.737511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The capture and catalytic conversion of CO2 into value-added chemicals is a promising and sustainable approach to tackle the global warming and energy crisis. The nitrogen-rich porous organic polymers are excellent materials for CO2 capture and separation. Herein, we present a nitrogen-rich heptazine-based microporous polymer for the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with epoxides in the absence of metals and solvents. HMP-TAPA, being rich in the nitrogen site, showed a high CO2 uptake of 106.7 mg/g with an IAST selectivity of 30.79 toward CO2 over N2. Furthermore, HMP-TAPA showed high chemical and water stability without loss of any structural integrity. Besides CO2 sorption, the catalytic activity of HMP-TAPA was checked for the cycloaddition of CO2 and terminal epoxides, resulting in cyclic carbonate with high conversion (98%). They showed remarkable recyclability up to 5 cycles without loss of activity. Overall, this study represents a rare demonstration of the rational design of POPs (HMP-TAPA) for multiple applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, India
| | - Bharat Ugale
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, India
| | - Kamalakannan Kailasam
- Advanced Functional Nanomaterials, Energy and Environment Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Mohali, India
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11
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Audebert P, Kroke E, Posern C, Lee SH. State of the Art in the Preparation and Properties of Molecular Monomeric s-Heptazines: Syntheses, Characteristics, and Functional Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2515-2544. [PMID: 33449621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an account on the fast expanding field of monomeric (or molecular) heptazines, at the exclusion of their various polymeric forms, often referred to as carbon nitrides. While examples of monomeric heptazines were extremely limited until the beginning of this century, the field has started expanding quickly since then, as has the number of reports on polymeric materials, though previous reviews did not separate these fields. We provide here a detailed report on the synthetic procedures for molecular heptazines. We also extensively report on the different achievements realized from these new molecules, in the fields of physical chemistry, spectroscopy, materials preparation, (photo)catalysis, and devices. After a comprehensive summary and discussion on heptazines syntheses and characteristics, we show that starting from well-defined molecules allows a versatility of approaches and a wide tunability of the expected properties. It comes out that the field of monomeric heptazines is now emerging and possibly heading toward maturity, while diverging from the one of polymeric carbon nitrides. It is likely that this area of research will quickly surge to the forefront of the search for active organic molecules, with special attention to the domains of catalysis and organic-based functional materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Audebert
- PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France.,XLIM Institute, CNRSUMR 7252, 123 Av Albert Thomas, Limoges 87000, France
| | - Edwin Kroke
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Christian Posern
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Physics, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 8531, 61, Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
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12
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Patra A, Swamynathan K, Kumar S. Synthesis of novel regioisomeric phenanthro[a]phenazine derivatives through the SNAr strategy and their self-assembly into columnar phases. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05042c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of novel discotic liquid crystalline regioisomers for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakananda Patra
- Raman Research Institute
- Soft Condensed Matter
- Bangalore 560080
- India
| | - K. Swamynathan
- Raman Research Institute
- Soft Condensed Matter
- Bangalore 560080
- India
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Raman Research Institute
- Soft Condensed Matter
- Bangalore 560080
- India
- Department of Chemistry
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13
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Feringán B, Cerdá J, Diosdado B, Aragó J, Ortí E, Giménez R, Sierra T. On the Structure and Chiral Aggregation of Liquid Crystalline Star-Shaped Triazines H-Bonded to Benzoic Acids. Chemistry 2020; 26:15313-15322. [PMID: 32608135 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The ability of a star-shaped tris(triazolyl)triazine derivative to hierarchically build supramolecular chiral columnar organizations through the formation of H-bonded complexes with benzoic acids was studied from a theoretical and experimental point of view. The combined study has been done at three different levels including the study of the structure of the triazine core, the association with benzoic acids in stoichiometry 1:3, and the assembly of 1:3 complexes in helical aggregates. Although the star-shaped triazine core crystallizes in a non-C3 conformation, the C3 -symmetric conformation is theoretically predicted to be more stable and gives rise to a favorable C3 supramolecular 1:3 complex upon the interaction with three benzoic acids in their voids. In addition, calculations at different levels (DFT, PM7, and MM3) for the 1:3 host-guest complex predict the formation of large stable columnar helical aggregates stabilized by the compact packing of the interstitial acids by π-π and CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions. The acids restrict the movement of the the star-shaped triazine cores along the stacking axis causing a template effect in the self-assembly of the complex. Theoretical predictions correlate with experimental results, since the interaction with achiral or chiral 3,4,5-(4-alkoxybenzyloxy)benzoic acids gives rise to supramolecular complexes that organize in bulk hexagonal columnar mesophases stable at room temperature with intracolumnar order. The existence of supramolecular chirality in the mesophase was determined for complexes formed by acids derived from (S)-2-octanol. Chiral aggregation was also evidenced for complexes formed in dodecane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Feringán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Cerdá
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Beatriz Diosdado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Raquel Giménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Sierra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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De J, Devi M, Shah A, Gupta SP, Bala I, Singh DP, Douali R, Pal SK. Luminescent Conductive Columnar π-Gelators for Fe(II) Sensing and Bio-Imaging Applications. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10257-10265. [PMID: 33136408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The high demand and scarcity of luminescent, photoconductive, and transparent gels necessitate its finding as they are potential components in photonic devices such as solar cell concentrators where optical losses via scattering and reabsorption require to be minimized. In this direction, we have reported highly transparent, blue luminescent as well as photoconductive gels exhibiting the hole mobility of 10-3 cm2/V s at ambient temperature as investigated by the time-of-flight technique. The π-driven self-standing supergels were formed using triazole-modified phenylene-vinylene derivatives as gelators in a nonpolar solvent. Different microscopic studies revealed its entangled network of interwoven fibrilar self-assembly and anisotropic order in the gel state. Supramolecular assembly of xerogels, studied by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) suggesting their local columnar hexagonal (Colh) superstructure, is beneficial for conducting gels. Rheological measurements direct the stiffness and robustness of the organogels. In addition, the gelators were developed as a sensing platform for the ultrasensitive detection of Fe(II) ions at ppb level. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titrimetric studies revealed that the interaction of the H-atom of triazole units with Fe(II) is responsible for quenching of blue fluorescence. Also, one of the gelators was successfully applied in bio-imaging using the pollen grains of the Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip De
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Manisha Devi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Asmita Shah
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, F-62228 Calais, France
| | | | - Indu Bala
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
| | - Dharmendra Pratap Singh
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Redouane Douali
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UR 4476, UDSMM, Unité de Dynamique et Structure des Matériaux Moléculaires, F-62228 Calais, France
| | - Santanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Knowledge City, Manauli 140306, India
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Synthesis of Tri-S-Triazine Based g-C3N4 Photocatalyst for Cationic Rhodamine B Degradation under Visible Light. Top Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-020-01375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Singh DP, Misra AK, Pandey KK, Pal B, Kumar N, Singh D, Kondratenko K, Duponchel B, Genevray P, Douali R. Spectroscopic, dielectric and nonlinear current–voltage characterization of a hydrogen-bonded liquid crystalline compound influenced via graphitic nanoflakes: An equilibrium between the experimental and theoretical studies. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Blanke M, Balszuweit J, Saccone M, Wölper C, Doblas Jiménez D, Mezger M, Voskuhl J, Giese M. Photo-switching and -cyclisation of hydrogen bonded liquid crystals based on resveratrol. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:1105-1108. [PMID: 31894766 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07721a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals based on resveratrol and resveratrone is reported and investigated with respect to their photo-switchability (at 405 nm) and photo-cyclisation (at 300 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meik Blanke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 7, Essen 45141, Germany.
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