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Sankar K, Kuzmanović U, Schaus SE, Galagan JE, Grinstaff MW. Strategy, Design, and Fabrication of Electrochemical Biosensors: A Tutorial. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2254-2274. [PMID: 38636962 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Advanced healthcare requires novel technologies capable of real-time sensing to monitor acute and long-term health. The challenge relies on converting a real-time quantitative biological and chemical signal into a desired measurable output. Given the success in detecting glucose and the commercialization of glucometers, electrochemical biosensors continue to be a mainstay of academic and industrial research activities. Despite the wealth of literature on electrochemical biosensors, reports are often specific to a particular application (e.g., pathogens, cancer markers, glucose, etc.), and most fail to convey the underlying strategy and design, and if it is transferable to detection of a different analyte. Here we present a tutorial review for those entering this research area that summarizes the basic electrochemical techniques utilized as well as discusses the designs and optimization strategies employed to improve sensitivity and maximize signal output.
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Pittman TW, Zhang X, Punyadeera C, Henry CS. Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Quantification of Galectin-3 in Saliva. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2024; 400:134811. [PMID: 38046365 PMCID: PMC10688601 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2023.134811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is an emerging epidemic and remains a major clinical and public health problem. Advances in the healthcare management of HF may lead to lower morbidity and mortality rates but require diagnostics to guide the process. Current diagnostics/prognostics approaches rely on expensive equipment, centralized facilities and trained personnel, marginalizing healthcare access in developing countries and rural communities. These issues have led researchers to focus on developing portable and affordable diagnostics that can be deployed at the point-of-care (POC). Typically, HF biomarkers are measured in blood not saliva. Recently, our team correlated concentrations of salivary Galectin-3 (Gal-3) to outcomes in patients with HF. We have developed an analytical device which consists of an immunoassay based on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to quantify Gal-3 levels in saliva samples. Using 10 μL of saliva, the proposed electrochemical immunoassay achieved a concentration dependent signal response in the clinically relevant range with a limit of detection of 9.66 ng/mL. In addition, the storage stability of the modified electrode was investigated, and only a 10.9% loss in current response over a 35-day period. The results of the immunoassay on the modified SPCEs suggest validity as a POC biosensor system for the management of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trey W. Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discover, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discover, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Sitkov N, Ryabko A, Moshnikov V, Aleshin A, Kaplun D, Zimina T. Hybrid Impedimetric Biosensors for Express Protein Markers Detection. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:181. [PMID: 38398911 PMCID: PMC10890403 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Impedimetric biosensors represent a powerful and promising tool for studying and monitoring biological processes associated with proteins and can contribute to the development of new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The basic principles, analytical methods, and applications of hybrid impedimetric biosensors for express protein detection in biological fluids are described. The advantages of this type of biosensors, such as simplicity and speed of operation, sensitivity and selectivity of analysis, cost-effectiveness, and an ability to be integrated into hybrid microfluidic systems, are demonstrated. Current challenges and development prospects in this area are analyzed. They include (a) the selection of materials for electrodes and formation of nanostructures on their surface; (b) the development of efficient methods for biorecognition elements' deposition on the electrodes' surface, providing the specificity and sensitivity of biosensing; (c) the reducing of nonspecific binding and interference, which could affect specificity; (d) adapting biosensors to real samples and conditions of operation; (e) expanding the range of detected proteins; and, finally, (f) the development of biosensor integration into large microanalytical system technologies. This review could be useful for researchers working in the field of impedimetric biosensors for protein detection, as well as for those interested in the application of this type of biosensor in biomedical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sitkov
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
- Engineering Centre for Microtechnology and Diagnostics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Ryabko
- Laboratory of Nonequilibrium Processes in Semiconductors, Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Vyacheslav Moshnikov
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
| | - Andrey Aleshin
- Laboratory of Nonequilibrium Processes in Semiconductors, Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Dmitry Kaplun
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- Department of Automation and Control Processes, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Zimina
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
- Engineering Centre for Microtechnology and Diagnostics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Maleki F, Rashidi MR, Razmi H, Ghorbani M. Label-free electrochemical immunosensor for detection of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) using a specific monoclonal receptor on electrospun Zein-based nanofibers/rGO-modified electrode. Talanta 2023; 265:124844. [PMID: 37352780 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical immunosensor was developed for ultrasensitive determination of the hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) based on immobilization of a specific monoclonal antibody on the electrospun nanofibers of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Zein-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanoparticle. The nanofibers deposited on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) showed good electrochemical behaviors with synergistic effects between PAN, Zein, and rGO. PAN/Zein nanofibers were used due to flexibility, high porosity, good mechanical strength, high specific surface area, and flexible structures, while rGO nanoparticles were used to improve the detection sensitivity and anti-IGF-1 immobilizing. Different characterization techniques were applied consisting of FE-SEM, FT-IR, and EDS for the investigation of morphological features and nanofiber size. The redox reactions of [Fe(CN)6]4-/3- on the modified electrode surface were probed for studying the immobilization and determination processes, using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Under optimal conditions, LOD (limit of detection) and LOQ (limit of quantification) were obtained as 55.72 fg/mL and 185.73 fg/mL respectively, and sensitivity was acquired 136.29 μA/cm2.dec. Moreover, a wide linear range was obtained ranging from 1 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL for IGF-1. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied for the analysis of IGF-1 in several human plasma samples with acceptable results, and it also exhibited high selectivity, stability, and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Habib Razmi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Martinez B, Leroux YR, Hapiot P, Henry CS. Surface Modification of Thermoplastic Electrodes for Biosensing Applications via Copper-Catalyzed Click Chemistry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37874977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC), also known as click chemistry, has been demonstrated to be highly robust while providing versatile surface chemistry. One specific application is biosensor fabrication. Recently, we developed thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) as an alternative to traditional carbon composite electrodes in terms of cost, performance, and robustness. However, their applications in biosensing are currently limited due to a lack of facile methods for electrode modification. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using CuAAC following the diazonium grafting of TPEs to take advantage of two powerful technologies for developing a customizable and versatile biosensing platform. After a stepwise characterization of the electrode modification procedures was performed, electrodes were modified with model affinity reagents. Streptavidin and streptavidin-conjugated IgG antibodies were successfully immobilized on the TPE surface, as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandaise Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Yann R Leroux
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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Zhang Y, Li H, Guo Z, Wang X, Zhou N. Immobilization-free electrochemical homogeneous aptasensor for highly sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen by dual amplification strategy. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1274:341586. [PMID: 37455072 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical aptasensor has been widely studied, while its practical application is limited by the unavoidable variations of aptamer loading densities and low signal amplification efficiency. To overcome these restrictions, an immobilization-free and label-free electrochemical homogeneous aptasensor was constructed for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) assay by combining RecJf exonuclease-mediated target cycling strategy and rolling circle amplification technology. In this system, the pre-immobilization of aptamers or other relevant signal elements on the electrode substrate is no longer necessary, thus the electrochemical homogeneous aptasensor shows good versatility on different transducers. Moreover, the whole recognition and signal amplification process are activated instantaneously by a non-professional operation of the solution mixture. This strategy can not only increase the stability (95.1% after 30 days of storage) and reproducibility (2.12% among five independent electrodes), but also further improve the sensitivity (detection limit of fg mL-1 level) due to the free target recognition and dual signal amplification in the homogeneous solution phase. The proposed immobilization-free electrochemical homogeneous aptasensors on different electrode substrates both achieve satisfactory results in actual sample tests, which has the potential for commercial applications and the establishment of other target platforms in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zongkang Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Nandi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Jaradat H, Al-Hamry A, Ibbini M, Fourati N, Kanoun O. Novel Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Development for the Selective Detection of HopQ H. pylori Bacteria Biomarker. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050527. [PMID: 37232889 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly contagious pathogenic bacterium that can cause gastrointestinal ulcers and may gradually lead to gastric cancer. H. pylori expresses the outer membrane HopQ protein at the earliest stages of infection. Therefore, HopQ is a highly reliable candidate as a biomarker for H. pylori detection in saliva samples. In this work, an H. pylori immunosensor is based on detecting HopQ as an H. pylori biomarker in saliva. The immunosensor was developed by surface modification of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) with MWCNT-COOH decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) followed by HopQ capture antibody grafting on SPCE/MWCNT/AuNP surface using EDC/S-NHS chemistry. The sensor performance was investigated utilizing various methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). H. pylori detection performance in spiked saliva samples was evaluated by square wave voltammetry (SWV). The sensor is suitable for HopQ detection with excellent sensitivity and linearity in the 10 pg/mL-100 ng/mL range, with a 2.0 pg/mL limit of detection (LOD) and an 8.6 pg/mL limit of quantification (LOQ). The sensor was tested in saliva at 10 ng/mL, and recovery of 107.6% was obtained by SWV. From Hill's model, the dissociation constant Kd for HopQ/HopQ antibody interaction is estimated to be 4.60 × 10-10 mg/mL. The fabricated platform shows high selectivity, good stability, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness for H. pylori early detection due to the proper choice of biomarker, the nanocomposite material utilization to boost the SPCE electrical performance, and the intrinsic selectivity of the antibody-antigen approach. Additionally, we provide insight into possible future aspects that researchers are recommended to focus on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussamaldeen Jaradat
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Ammar Al-Hamry
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Mohammed Ibbini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Najla Fourati
- SATIE Laboratory, UMR CNRS 8029, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 75003 Paris, France
| | - Olfa Kanoun
- Measurement and Sensor Technology, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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8
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Wearable potentiometric biosensor for analysis of urea in sweat. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:114994. [PMID: 36577175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we introduce wearable potentiometric biosensors on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) for on-body and on-site monitoring of urea in sweat. The biosensor architecture was judiciously designed to detect urea at different pHs and incorporate a pH sensor, thus containing polyaniline ink, urease bioink and a polyvinylchloride membrane. Urea detection could be performed in the wide range from 5 to 200 mM at pH 7.0, encompassing urea levels in human sweat. The biosensor response was fast (incubation time 5 min), with no interference from other substances in sweat. Reliable urea detection could be done in undiluted human sweat with a skin-worn flexible device using the pH correction strategy afforded by the pH sensor. The performance of the epidermal biosensor was not affected by severe bending strains. The feasibility of mass production was demonstrated by fabricating epidermal flexible biosensors using slot-die coating with a roll-to-roll technique.
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Høj PH, Møller-Sørensen J, Wissing AL, Alatraktchi FA. Electrochemical biosensors for monitoring of selected pregnancy hormones during the first trimester: A systematic review. Talanta 2023; 258:124396. [PMID: 36870154 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The hormones human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, estrogen and four of its metabolites (estradiol, estrone, estriol, estetrol), as well as relaxin play an essential role in the development of the fetus during the first trimester. Imbalances in these hormones during the first trimester have been directly linked to miscarriages. However, frequent monitoring of the hormones is limited by the current conventional centralized analytical tools that do not allow a rapid response time. Electrochemical sensing is considered an ideal tool to detect hormones owing to its advantages such as quick response, user-friendliness, low economic costs, and possibility of use in point-of-care settings. Electrochemical detection of pregnancy hormones is an emerging field that has been demonstrated primarily at research level. Thus, it is timely with a comprehensive overview of the characteristics of the reported detection techniques. This is the first extensive review focusing on the advances related to electrochemical detection of hormones linked to the first trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, this review offers insights into the main challenges that must be addressed imminently to ensure progress from research to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Hagen Høj
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jon Møller-Sørensen
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Karbelkar A, Ahlmark R, Zhou X, Austin K, Fan G, Yang VY, Furst A. Carbon Electrode-Based Biosensing Enabled by Biocompatible Surface Modification with DNA and Proteins. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:358-365. [PMID: 36633230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Modification of electrodes with biomolecules is an essential first step for the development of bioelectrochemical systems, which are used in a variety of applications ranging from sensors to fuel cells. Gold is often used because of its ease of modification with thiolated biomolecules, but carbon screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) are gaining popularity due to their low cost and fabrication from abundant resources. However, their effective modification with biomolecules remains a challenge; the majority of work to-date relies on nonspecific adhesion or broad amide bond formation to chemical handles on the electrode surface. By combining facile electrochemical modification to add an aniline handle to electrodes with a specific and biocompatible oxidative coupling reaction, we can readily modify carbon electrodes with a variety of biomolecules. Importantly, both proteins and DNA maintain bioactive conformations following coupling. We have then used biomolecule-modified electrodes to generate microbial monolayers through DNA-directed immobilization. This work provides an easy, general strategy to modify inexpensive carbon electrodes, significantly expanding their potential as bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Karbelkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Rachel Ahlmark
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Xingcheng Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Katherine Austin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Gang Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Victoria Y Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
| | - Ariel Furst
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States.,Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts02139, United States
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Barros GMC, Carvalho DDA, Cruz AS, Morais EKL, Sales-Moioli AIL, Pinto TKB, Almeida MCD, Sanchez-Gendriz I, Fernandes F, Barbalho IMP, Santos JPQ, Henriques JMO, Teixeira CAD, Gil P, Gama L, Miranda AE, Coutinho KD, Galvão-Lima LJ, Valentim RAM. Development of a Cyclic Voltammetry-Based Method for the Detection of Antigens and Antibodies as a Novel Strategy for Syphilis Diagnosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16206. [PMID: 36498280 PMCID: PMC9738993 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of laboratory diagnosis is a critical step for the reduction of syphilis cases around the world. In this paper, we present the development of an impedance-based method for detecting T. pallidum antigens and antibodies as an auxiliary tool for syphilis laboratory diagnosis. We evaluate the voltammetric signal obtained after incubation in carbon or gold nanoparticle-modified carbon electrodes in the presence or absence of Poly-L-Lysine. Our results indicate that the signal obtained from the electrodes was sufficient to distinguish between infected and non-infected samples immediately (T0') or 15 min (T15') after incubation, indicating its potential use as a point-of-care method as a screening strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M. C. Barros
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Dionísio D. A. Carvalho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo S. Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ellen K. L. Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Isabela L. Sales-Moioli
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Talita K. B. Pinto
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA:E), The Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Melise C. D. Almeida
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ignacio Sanchez-Gendriz
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fernandes
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ingridy M. P. Barbalho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - João P. Q. Santos
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Jorge M. O. Henriques
- Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), Department of Informatics Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - César A. D. Teixeira
- Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), Department of Informatics Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Gil
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Gama
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Angélica E. Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Karilany D. Coutinho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J. Galvão-Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil
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Noviana E, Siswanto S, Budi Hastuti AAM. Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for Determination of Glycated Hemoglobin. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-126335. [PMID: 36111762 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220915114646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major public health burden whose prevalence has been steadily increasing over the past decades. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently the gold standard for diagnostics and monitoring glycemic control in diabetes patients. HbA1c biosensors are often considered to be cost-effective alternatives for smaller testing laboratories or clinics unable to access other reference methods. Many of these sensors deploy nanomaterials as recognition elements, detection labels, and/or transducers for achieving sensitive and selective detection of HbA1c. Nanomaterials have emerged as important sensor components due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, tunable morphologies, and easy integration into multiple sensing platforms. In this review, we discuss the advantages of using nanomaterials to construct HbA1c sensors and various sensing strategies for HbA1c measurements. Key gaps between the current technologies with what is needed moving forward are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Research Center for Drug Targeting and Personalized Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Soni Siswanto
- Research Center for Drug Targeting and Personalized Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
| | - Agustina Ari Murti Budi Hastuti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence Institute for Halal Industry and Systems (PUI-PT IHIS), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
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13
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Gao S, Torrente-Rodríguez RM, Pedrero M, Pingarrón JM, Campuzano S, Rocha-Martin J, Guisán JM. Dextran-coated nanoparticles as immunosensing platforms: Consideration of polyaldehyde density, nanoparticle size and functionality. Talanta 2022; 247:123549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Białobrzeska W, Ficek M, Dec B, Osella S, Trzaskowski B, Jaramillo-Botero A, Pierpaoli M, Rycewicz M, Dashkevich Y, Łęga T, Malinowska N, Cebula Z, Bigus D, Firganek D, Bięga E, Dziąbowska K, Brodowski M, Kowalski M, Panasiuk M, Gromadzka B, Żołędowska S, Nidzworski D, Pyrć K, Goddard WA, Bogdanowicz R. Performance of electrochemical immunoassays for clinical diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 based on selective nucleocapsid N protein detection: Boron-doped diamond, gold and glassy carbon evaluation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114222. [PMID: 35430407 PMCID: PMC8989705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The 21st century has already brought us a plethora of new threats related to viruses that emerge in humans after zoonotic transmission or drastically change their geographic distribution or prevalence. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first spotted at the end of 2019 to rapidly spread in southwest Asia and later cause a global pandemic, which paralyzes the world since then. We have designed novel immunosensors targeting conserved protein sequences of the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 based on lab-produced and purified anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies that are densely grafted onto various surfaces (diamond/gold/glassy carbon). Titration of antibodies shows very strong reactions up to 1:72 900 dilution. Next, we showed the mechanism of interactions of our immunoassay with nucleocapsid N protein revealing molecular recognition by impedimetric measurements supported by hybrid modeling results with both density functional theory and molecular dynamics methods. Biosensors allowed for a fast (in less than 10 min) detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus with a limit of detection from 0.227 ng/ml through 0.334 ng/ml to 0.362 ng/ml for glassy carbon, boron-doped diamond, and gold surfaces, respectively. For all tested surfaces, we obtained a wide linear range of concentrations from 4.4 ng/ml to 4.4 pg/ml. Furthermore, our sensor leads to a highly specific response to SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples versus other upper respiratory tract viruses such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, or Epstein-Barr virus. All clinical samples were tested simultaneously on biosensors and real-time polymerase chain reactions.
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15
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The Effect of Preconditioning Strategies on the Adsorption of Model Proteins onto Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114186. [PMID: 35684806 PMCID: PMC9185278 DOI: 10.3390/s22114186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The preconditioning and modification of the supporting electrode surface is an essential step in every biosensor architecture. In particular, when using screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) as inexpensive and convenient disposable sensor substrates, their somewhat lower electrochemical (surface) reproducibility might represent a complex hurdle. Herein, we investigated the effect of selected preconditioning strategies, such as cyclic voltammetric pretreatment, in H2SO4 and H2O2 and plasma pretreatment with a positive and negative glow discharge, which all improved the electrochemical stability of the unmodified SPEs. Furthermore, we studied the influence of preconditioning strategies on the adsorption kinetics of the two most commonly used building blocks for biosensor preparation, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA) and protein A. We observed an advantageous effect of all the examined preconditioning strategies for the modification of SPEs with protein A, being the most effective the negative glow discharge. On the other hand, BSA exhibited a more complex adsorption behavior, with the negative glow discharge as the only generally beneficial preconditioning strategy providing the highest electrochemical stability. Protein A revealed a more substantial impact on the electrochemical signal attenuation than BSA considering their same concentrations in the modification solutions. For both BSA and protein A, we showed that the concentrations of 5 and 10 μg mL−1 already suffice for an electrochemically satisfactorily stable electrode surface after 60 min of incubation time, except for BSA at the positive-plasma-treated electrode.
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16
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Momeni A, Rostami-Nejad M, Salarian R, Rabiee M, Aghamohammadi E, Zali MR, Rabiee N, Tay FR, Makvandi P. Gold-based nanoplatform for a rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic test assay for gluten detection. BMC Biomed Eng 2022; 4:5. [PMID: 35596200 PMCID: PMC9121606 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-022-00062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gluten, a food allergen, is available in foods derived from wheat, rye and barley. It damages the small intestine and causes celiac disease. Herein, we designed a rapid immunochromatographic lateral flow test assay for detecting the gluten contents of raw materials. In this rapid test, the presence of gluten was screened through the capturing of gliadin (a toxic component of gluten) by two identical gliadin monoclonal antibodies. One of the antibodies was immobilized on the membrane in the test zone as a capture reagent. The other antibody was labeled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a detector reagent. Results Gold nanoparticles with a size of about 20 nm were synthesized and conjugated to the gliadin monoclonal antibodies. The detection limit of the experimental assay was 20 ppm and positive results were visualized after 15 min using only 40 μL of the extracted sample for each test. Analysis of different flour samples identified the best sensitivity and specificity of the lateral flow test strip (LFTS). Conclusion The experimental LFTS is an easy-to-use and rapid method for the screening of gluten level in raw materials. The LFTS may be employed to ensure the safety of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefe Momeni
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985714711, Iran.
| | - Reza Salarian
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Maziar University, Royan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterials Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Aghamohammadi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia. .,Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interfaces, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
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17
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Sharafeldin M, Davis JJ. Characterising the biosensing interface. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1216:339759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Wang X, Zhang Z, Wu G, Xu C, Wu J, Zhang X, Liu J. Applications of electrochemical biosensors based on functional antibody-modified screen-printed electrodes: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 14:7-16. [PMID: 34877580 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01570b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The detection of biomolecular analytes is of great importance in clinical, environmental, and argo-food areas, among which the electrochemical methodology is attracting much attention. In particular, screen-printed electrode (SPE)-based sensing applications have exhibited potential possibility for on-site detection, especially for fast clinical biomarker detection, since they provide a miniaturized but robust and portable electrode detection system. In this context, we focused on the modification of SPE with functional antibodies to improve the electrochemical detection performance in versatile sensing applications, particularly for COVID-19 detection. These antibodies were immobilized onto the electrode surface via various methodologies, through which the powerful potential from the modification of SPE was revealed. Finally, more novel and excellent works on the biomolecular modification of SPE and the prospects of this technology from its state-of-art status to commercialization are previewed and future perspectives in this field are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenqi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Guolin Wu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxia Xu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Precision Medicine Center, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital Beilun Branch, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315806, P. R. China.
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19
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Sharafeldin M, James T, Davis JJ. Open Circuit Potential as a Tool for the Assessment of Binding Kinetics and Reagentless Protein Quantitation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14748-14754. [PMID: 34699180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic open circuit potential label-free protein assay was developed for the reagentless quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP), a model protein target, and further utilized to assess target-receptor binding kinetics. Generated sensors have very high baseline stabilities (<1% change in 100 min) and high levels of selectivity in complex media. Real-time assays are fast (<20 min), of high sensitivity (1 ng/mL limit of detection for CRP in serum), and resolve kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics that correlate well with those resolved optically. The assay shows excellent correlation with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of patient samples. The methodology has value in potentially underpinning a low-cost, rapid, and sensitive single-step biomarker quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Timothy James
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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20
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McCord CP, Ozer T, Henry CS. Synthesis and grafting of diazonium tosylates for thermoplastic electrode immunosensors. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:5056-5064. [PMID: 34651620 PMCID: PMC8628260 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00965f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
For electrochemical immunosensors, inexpensive electrodes with fast redox kinetics, and simple stable methods of electrode functionalization are vital. However, many inexpensive and easy to fabricate electrodes suffer from poor redox kinetics, and functionalization can often be difficult and/or unstable. Diazonium tosylates are particularly stable soluble salts that can be useful for electrode functionalization. Recently developed thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) have been inexpensive, moldable, and highly electroactive carbon composite materials. Herein, the synthesis and grafting of diazonium tosylate salts were optimized for modification of TPEs and used to develop the first TPE immunosensors. With diazonium tosylates, TPEs were amine functionalized either directly through grafting of p-aminophenyl diazonium salt or indirectly through grafting p-nitrophenyl diazonium salt followed by electrochemical reduction to an amine. Diazonium tosylates were synthesized in situ as a paste in 6 min. Once the reaction paste was spread over the electrodes, near monolayer coverage (1.0 ± 0.2 nmol cm-2) was achieved for p-nitrophenyl diazonium salt within 5 min. Amine functionalized electrodes were conjugated to C-reactive protein (CRP) antibodies. Antibody-modified TPEs were applied for the sensitive detection of CRP, a biomarker of cardiovascular disease using electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). LODs were determined to be 2 ng mL-1 in buffer, with high selectivity against interfering species for both functionalization methods. The direct p-aminophenyl modification method had the highest sensitivity to CRP and was further tested in spiked serum with an LOD of 10 ng mL-1. This low-cost and robust TPE immunosensor platform can be easily adapted for other analytes and multiplexed detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia P McCord
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Tugba Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34220, Turkey
| | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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21
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Tan KY, Desai S, Raja E, Etienne C, Webb B, Herr AE. Comparison of photoactivatable crosslinkers for in-gel immunoassays. Analyst 2021; 146:6621-6630. [PMID: 34591044 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01309b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While fluorescence readout is a key detection modality for hydrogel-based immunoassays, background fluorescence due to autofluorescence or non-specific antibody interactions impairs the lower limit of detection of fluorescence immunoassays. Chemical modifications to the hydrogel structure impact autofluorescence and non-specific interactions. Benzophenone is a common photoactivatable molecule, and benzophenone methacrylamide (BPMA) has been used for cross-linking protein in polyacrylamide (PA) hydrogels. However, previous studies have suggested that the aromatic structure of benzophenone can contribute to increased autofluorescence and non-specific hydrophobic interactions with unbound fluorescent probes. Here, we synthesize diazirine methacrylamide (DZMA) as an alternative photoactivatable molecule to crosslink into PA hydrogels for in-gel protein capture for in-gel immunoassays. We hypothesize that the less hydrophobic structure of diazirine (based on previously reported predicted and experimental log P values) exhibits both reduced autofluorescence and non-specific hydrophobic interactions. We find that while equal concentrations of DZMA and BPMA result in lower protein target photocapture in the diazirine configuration, increasing the DZMA concentration up to 12 mM improves in-gel protein capture to be on par with previously reported and characterized 3 mM BPMA hydrogels. Furthermore, despite the higher concentration of diazirine, we observe negligible autofluorescence signal and a 50% reduction in immunoassay fluorescence background signal in diazirine gels compared to BPMA gels resulting in comparable signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the probed protein target. Finally, we test the utility of DZMA for single-cell immunoblotting in an open microfluidic device and find that protein migrates ∼1.3× faster in DZMA hydrogels than in BPMA hydrogels. However, in DZMA hydrogels we detect only 15% of the protein signal compared to BPMA hydrogels suggesting that the diazirine chemistry results in greater protein losses following electrophoretic separations. We establish that while diazirine has lower background fluorescence signal, which may potentially improve immunoassay performance, the lower capture efficiency of diazirine reduces its utility in open microfluidic systems susceptible to sample losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Y Tan
- The UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Surbhi Desai
- Department of Research and Development, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Erum Raja
- Department of Research and Development, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Chris Etienne
- Department of Research and Development, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Brian Webb
- Department of Research and Development, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy E Herr
- The UC Berkeley - UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, 94720 Berkeley, CA, USA
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22
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Povedano E, Gamella M, Torrente-Rodríguez RM, Ruiz-Valdepeñas Montiel V, Montero-Calle A, Solís-Fernández G, Navarro-Villoslada F, Pedrero M, Peláez-García A, Mendiola M, Hardisson D, Feliú J, Barderas R, Pingarrón JM, Campuzano S. Multiplexed magnetic beads-assisted amperometric bioplatforms for global detection of methylations in nucleic acids. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1182:338946. [PMID: 34602192 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the first electrochemical bioplatform developed for the multidetection of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in DNA, DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA) and RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylations at global level. Direct competitive immunoassays were implemented on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs) and optimized for the single amperometric determination of different targets varying in length, sequence and number of methylations on screen-printed carbon electrodes. After evaluating the sensitivity and selectivity of such determinations and the confirmation of no cross-reactivity, a multiplexed disposable platform allowing the simultaneous determination of the mentioned four methylation events in only 45 min has been prepared. The multiplexed bioplatform was successfully applied to the determination of m6A in cellular total RNA and of 5-mC, 5-hmC and 6mA in genomic DNA extracted from tissues. The developed bioplatform showed its usefulness to discriminate the aggressiveness of cancerous cells and between healthy and tumor tissues of colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Povedano
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Gamella
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca M Torrente-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Navarro-Villoslada
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pedrero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Peláez-García
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Mendiola
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, 28046, Madrid, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in the Cancer Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hardisson
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, 28046, Madrid, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in the Cancer Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Feliú
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Cancer Network (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC)), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Translational Oncology Group Hospital Universitario La Paz IdiPAZ, 28046, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José M Pingarrón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de CC. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Arévalo B, Serafín V, Beltrán-Sánchez JF, Aznar-Poveda J, López-Pastor JA, García-Sánchez AJ, García-Haro J, Campuzano S, Yañez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Simultaneous determination of four fertility-related hormones in saliva using disposable multiplexed immunoplatforms coupled to a custom-designed and field-portable potentiostat. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3471-3478. [PMID: 34286719 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the first amperometric immunosensor for the simultaneous determination of four fertility-related hormones in saliva: progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), and prolactin (PRL). The immune platform involves direct competitive (P4 and E2), and sandwich (LH and PRL) assays implemented onto functionalized magnetic microbeads (MBs). The amperometric transduction was performed upon placing the MBs-immunoconjugates onto each of the four working electrodes of the SPCE array (SP4CEs) and applying a detection potential of -0.20 V (vs. Ag pseudo-reference electrode) using the H2O2/hydroquinone (HQ) system. The achieved analytical and operational characteristics of the developed multiplexed immunoplatform showed a sensitivity that allows the determination of these hormones in saliva, and an adequate selectivity to analyse complex clinical samples. The bioplatform was employed for the determination of the set of four hormones in human saliva samples collected from individuals with different hormonal profiles. The results obtained using a conventional potentiostat were compared with those provided employing a novel low-cost custom-designed and field-portable quadruple potentiostat. Similar results were found which also agreed with those obtained by applying ELISA methods for the determination of single hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arévalo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Verónica Serafín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Francisco Beltrán-Sánchez
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC), Technical University of Cartagena, ETSIT, Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - Juan Aznar-Poveda
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC), Technical University of Cartagena, ETSIT, Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - José Antonio López-Pastor
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC), Technical University of Cartagena, ETSIT, Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - Antonio Javier García-Sánchez
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC), Technical University of Cartagena, ETSIT, Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - Joan García-Haro
- Department of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC), Technical University of Cartagena, ETSIT, Campus Muralla del Mar, E-30202, Cartagena, Spain.
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paloma Yañez-Sedeño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José M Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Joshi P, Mishra R, Narayan RJ. Biosensing applications of carbon-based materials. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2021.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Arévalo B, Serafín V, Campuzano S, Yáñez‐Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Multiplexed Determination of Fertility‐related Hormones in Saliva Using Amperometric Immunosensing. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arévalo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040- Madrid Spain
| | - Verónica Serafín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040- Madrid Spain
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040- Madrid Spain
| | - Paloma Yáñez‐Sedeño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040- Madrid Spain
| | - José M. Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040- Madrid Spain
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26
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Abstract
COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has developed into a global health crisis, causing over 2 million deaths and changing people's daily life the world over. Current main-stream diagnostic methods in the laboratory include nucleic acid PCR tests and direct viral antigen tests for detecting active infections, and indirect human antibody tests specific to SARS-CoV-2 to detect prior exposure. In this Perspective, we briefly describe the PCR and antigen tests and then focus mainly on existing antibody tests and their limitations including inaccuracies and possible causes of unreliability. False negatives in antibody immunoassays can arise from assay formats, selection of viral antigens and antibody types, diagnostic testing windows, individual variance, and fluctuation in antibody levels. Reasons for false positives in antibody immunoassays mainly involve antibody cross-reactivity from other viruses, as well as autoimmune disease. The spectrum bias has an effect on both the false negatives and false positives. For assay developers, not only improvement of assay formats but also selection of viral antigens and isotopes of human antibodies need to be carefully considered to improve sensitivity and specificity. For clinicians, the factors influencing the accuracy of assays must be kept in mind to test patients using currently imperfect but available tests with smart tactics and realistic interpretation of the test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- Medical College, Jiaxing
University, 118 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province,
China
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269,
United States
| | - James F. Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269,
United States
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center,
UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06232, United
States
- Institute of Materials Science,
University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Road, Storrs,
Connecticut 0626, United States
- School of Chemistry, National University
of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway,
Ireland
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27
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Ibáñez-Redín G, Joshi N, do Nascimento GF, Wilson D, Melendez ME, Carvalho AL, Reis RM, Gonçalves D, Oliveira ON. Determination of p53 biomarker using an electrochemical immunoassay based on layer-by-layer films with NiFe 2O 4 nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:619. [PMID: 33083850 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A disposable electrochemical immunosensors is presented suitable to detect cancer biomarker p53 using screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with a layer-by-layer (LbL) matrix of carboxylated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and polyethyleneimine, onto which anti-p53 antibodies were adsorbed. Under optimized conditions, the immunosensors exhibited high surface coverage and high concentration of immobilized antibodies, which allowed for detection of p53 in a wide dynamic range from 1.0 to 10 × 103 pg mL-1, with a limit of detection of 5.0 fg mL-1 at a working potential of 100 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. The immunosensors also exhibited good selectivity with negligible interference upon incubation in complex matrices containing high concentrations of proteins (i.e., fetal bovine serum and cell lysate). The immunosensor performance is among the best reported in the literature for determination of p53, with the additional advantage of being disposable and operating with low-volume solutions.Graphical abstract Schematic representation of immunosensor fabrication depicting the immobilization of specific antibodies against p53 protein onto the surfaces of disposable printed electrodes modified with films of polyethyleneimine and different concentrations of carboxylated magnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Ibáñez-Redín
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Nirav Joshi
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil.
| | | | - Deivy Wilson
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Matias E Melendez
- Pelé Little Prince Research Institute, Little Prince Complex, PR, 80250-060, Curitiba, Brazil.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil.,Life and eHealth Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University ofMinho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/ Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Débora Gonçalves
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil.
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28
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Printed Electrodes in Microfluidic Arrays for Cancer Biomarker Protein Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10090115. [PMID: 32906644 PMCID: PMC7559629 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Medical diagnostics is trending towards a more personalized future approach in which multiple tests can be digitized into patient records. In cancer diagnostics, patients can be tested for individual protein and genomic biomarkers that detect cancers at very early stages and also be used to monitor cancer progression or remission during therapy. These data can then be incorporated into patient records that could be easily accessed on a cell phone by a health care professional or the patients themselves on demand. Data on protein biomarkers have a large potential to be measured in point-of-care devices, particularly diagnostic panels that could provide a continually updated, personalized record of a disease like cancer. Electrochemical immunoassays have been popular among protein detection methods due to their inherent high sensitivity and ease of coupling with screen-printed and inkjet-printed electrodes. Integrated chips featuring these kinds of electrodes can be built at low cost and designed for ease of automation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) features are adopted in most of these ultrasensitive detection systems, with microfluidics allowing easy manipulation and good fluid dynamics to deliver reagents and detect the desired proteins. Several of these ultrasensitive systems have detected biomarker panels ranging from four to eight proteins, which in many cases when a specific cancer is suspected may be sufficient. However, a grand challenge lies in engineering microfluidic-printed electrode devices for the simultaneous detection of larger protein panels (e.g., 50-100) that could be used to test for many types of cancers, as well as other diseases for truly personalized care.
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29
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Palla G, Malecka K, Dehaen W, Radecki J, Radecka H. Immunosensor incorporating half-antibody fragment for electrochemical monitoring of amyloid-β fibrils in artificial blood plasma. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 137:107643. [PMID: 32891964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this report, an electrochemical immunosensor for the selective and sensitive monitoring of Aβ1-42 fibrils is presented. The sensing platform was prepared by the formation of a 4,4'-thiobisbenzenethiol (TBBT) self-assembled monolayer on a clean gold surface followed by the covalent entrapment of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The half-antibody fragments of the Anti-Amyloid Fibrils antibody were immobilized on AuNPs via S-Au covalent bonds. Each step of immunosensor fabrication was characterized with cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The biosensor was successfully used for the sensing of Aβ1-42 fibrils in both phosphate saline buffer (PBS) and artificial blood plasma (ABP). The immunosensor sensitivity estimated based on calibration slopes was better in the presence of APP in the comparison to PBS. The LOD values obtained for both measuring media were of 0.6 pM level. The moderate response towards Aβ1-42 oligomers demonstrated the immunosensor selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Palla
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamila Malecka
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wim Dehaen
- University of Leuven, Department of Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 200f - box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jerzy Radecki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Hanna Radecka
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Str. 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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30
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Dhanapala L, Jones AL, Czarnecki P, Rusling JF. Sub-zeptomole Detection of Biomarker Proteins Using a Microfluidic Immunoarray with Nanostructured Sensors. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8021-8025. [PMID: 32433882 PMCID: PMC7509851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here a low-cost electrochemical immunoarray with unprecedented sensitivity in the sub-zeptomole range with up to 5 log-decades dynamic range for accurate, multiplexed protein determinations. The microfluidic array features eight carbon sensors coated with a dense layer of 5 nm gold-nanoparticles derivatized with primary antibodies. Analyte proteins are captured by secondary antibody-poly-HPR (horseradish peroxidase) bioconjugates containing 400 HRP enzyme labels, with amplified amperometric peaks developed using H2O2 activator and hydroquinone mediator. Prostate cancer biomarkers prostate specific antigen (PSA), vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D), ETS-related gene protein (ERG), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured simultaneously with sub-fg/mL LODs (0.08-0.22 zmol). These proteins were determined in serum of postprostatectomy cancer patients which had much lower levels than prostate cancer patients without surgery. This immunoassay protocol makes thousands of low-abundance proteins accessible to quantitative measurements down to zeptomole levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasangi Dhanapala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Abby L Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Patricia Czarnecki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - James F Rusling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
- Department of Surgery and Neag Cancer Center, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06232, United States
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 0626, United States
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
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31
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Byun J, Cho S, Moon J, Kim H, Kang H, Jung J, Lim EK, Jeong J, Park HG, Cho WK, Kang T. Zwitterionic Polydopamine/Protein G Coating for Antibody Immobilization: Toward Suppression of Nonspecific Binding in Immunoassays. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:3631-3639. [PMID: 35025233 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For the development of immunoassays into sophisticated analyte-sensing methods, it is a priority to suppress nonspecific binding in immunoassays. Herein, we report a one-step surface coating method that can not only optimally immobilize antibodies but also suppress nonspecific binding. Zwitterionic dopamine (ZW-DOPA) exhibits distinct antifouling performance, and protein G enables an antibody to have an optimal orientation. A mixture of ZW-DOPA and protein G can be simply coated onto various kinds of surfaces, and the antibody can be immobilized onto the ZW-DOPA/protein G-coated surfaces. The antifouling property of the zwitterionic group, surface-independent coating property of the catechol and amine groups, and antibody-retaining property of protein G synergistically contribute to surface-independent and oriented immobilization of antibodies without nonspecific binding. The surface characteristics of ZW-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle goniometry, atomic force microscopy, and ellipsometry. Importantly, the ZW-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates showed high resistance to nonspecific protein adhesion. We also verified that antibodies could be immobilized onto ZW-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates using fluorescence and biolayer interferometry systems. Finally, ZW-DOPA/protein G-coated substrates were employed as immune substrates for influenza virus detection via the naked eye and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, allowing us to efficiently identify the virus. It is anticipated that the developed ZW-DOPA/protein G coating method will be useful for the advancement of immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Byun
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Soojeong Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jeong Moon
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hongki Kim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyunju Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Juyeon Jung
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Lim
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jeong
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, UST, Daejeon 34113, Korea.,Environmental Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taejoon Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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32
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Smart A, Crew A, Pemberton R, Hughes G, Doran O, Hart J. Screen-printed carbon based biosensors and their applications in agri-food safety. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Silva NFD, Neves MMPS, Magalhães JMCS, Freire C, Delerue-Matos C. Electrochemical immunosensor towards invasion-associated protein p60: An alternative strategy for Listeria monocytogenes screening in food. Talanta 2020; 216:120976. [PMID: 32456897 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the development of an electrochemical immunosensor for rapid, specific and decentralized detection of the invasion-associated protein p60 secreted by Listeria monocytogenes, a life-threatening foodborne pathogen. A disposable screen-printed electrode was used as transducer surface and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies that specifically recognize Listeria monocytogenes p60 protein and Listeria spp. p60 proteins, respectively, were used as the sandwich immuno-pair. The reaction was detected with the aid of an additional secondary antibody conjugated with the enzyme reporter (alkaline phosphatase) and using 3-indoxyl phosphate/silver ions as the mixture substrate. The analytical signal was acquired through the voltammetric stripping of the enzymatically deposited silver, which was directly correlated to p60 concentration in the sample. In optimized conditions, a limit of detection and quantification of 1.5 ng mL-1 and 5.1 ng mL-1 were achieved, respectively, in a useful time (<3 h). As proof-of-concept, the proposed immunosensor was successfully applied to spiked milk samples, demonstrating to be a suitable device for further use in real sample detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nádia F D Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, S/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta M P S Neves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Júlia M C S Magalhães
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Freire
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Rua do Campo Alegre, S/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
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34
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Cimafonte M, Fulgione A, Gaglione R, Papaianni M, Capparelli R, Arciello A, Bolletti Censi S, Borriello G, Velotta R, Della Ventura B. Screen Printed Based Impedimetric Immunosensor for Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli in Drinking Water. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20010274. [PMID: 31947810 PMCID: PMC6982893 DOI: 10.3390/s20010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of a simple and low cost electrochemical impedance immunosensor based on screen printed gold electrode for rapid detection of Escherichia coli in water is reported. The immunosensor is fabricated by immobilizing anti-E. coli antibodies onto a gold surface in a covalent way by the photochemical immobilization technique, a simple procedure able to bind antibodies upright onto gold surfaces. Impedance spectra are recorded in 0.01 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) containing 10 mM Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64− as redox probe. The Nyquist plots can be modelled with a modified Randles circuit, identifying the charge transfer resistance Rct as the relevant parameter after the immobilization of antibodies, the blocking with BSA and the binding of E. coli. The introduction of a standard amplification procedure leads to a significant enhancement of the impedance increase, which allows one to measure E. coli in drinking water with a limit of detection of 3 × 101 CFU mL−1 while preserving the rapidity of the method that requires only 1 h to provide a “yes/no” response. Additionally, by applying the Langmuir adsorption model, we are able to describe the change of Rct in terms of the “effective” electrode, which is modified by the detection of the analyte whose microscopic conducting properties can be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cimafonte
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Andrea Fulgione
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (G.B.)
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosa Gaglione
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Marina Papaianni
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Rosanna Capparelli
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (M.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Angela Arciello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Giorgia Borriello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (G.B.)
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Bartolomeo Della Ventura
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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