1
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Lim VY, Righetto M, Yan S, Patel JB, Siday T, Putland B, McCall KM, Sirtl MT, Kominko Y, Peng J, Lin Q, Bein T, Kovalenko M, Snaith HJ, Johnston MB, Herz LM. Contrasting Ultra-Low Frequency Raman and Infrared Modes in Emerging Metal Halides for Photovoltaics. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2024; 9:4127-4135. [PMID: 39144815 PMCID: PMC11320646 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.4c01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Lattice dynamics are critical to photovoltaic material performance, governing dynamic disorder, hot-carrier cooling, charge-carrier recombination, and transport. Soft metal-halide perovskites exhibit particularly intriguing dynamics, with Raman spectra exhibiting an unusually broad low-frequency response whose origin is still much debated. Here, we utilize ultra-low frequency Raman and infrared terahertz time-domain spectroscopies to provide a systematic examination of the vibrational response for a wide range of metal-halide semiconductors: FAPbI3, MAPbI x Br3-x , CsPbBr3, PbI2, Cs2AgBiBr6, Cu2AgBiI6, and AgI. We rule out extrinsic defects, octahedral tilting, cation lone pairs, and "liquid-like" Boson peaks as causes of the debated central Raman peak. Instead, we propose that the central Raman response results from an interplay of the significant broadening of Raman-active, low-energy phonon modes that are strongly amplified by a population component from Bose-Einstein statistics toward low frequency. These findings elucidate the complexities of light interactions with low-energy lattice vibrations in soft metal-halide semiconductors emerging for photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent
J.-Y. Lim
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Marcello Righetto
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Siyu Yan
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Jay B. Patel
- Department
of Physics, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Siday
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Putland
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Kyle M. McCall
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian T. Sirtl
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Yuliia Kominko
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jiali Peng
- Key Lab of
Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of
China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Qianqian Lin
- Key Lab of
Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of
China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 11, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Maksym Kovalenko
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Michael B. Johnston
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M. Herz
- Department
of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University
of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1
3PU, United Kingdom
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Technical University
of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse
2a, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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2
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Kim DH, Woo SJ, Huelmo CP, Park MH, Schankler AM, Dai Z, Heo JM, Kim S, Reuveni G, Kang S, Kim JS, Yun HJ, Park J, Park J, Yaffe O, Rappe AM, Lee TW. Surface-binding molecular multipods strengthen the halide perovskite lattice and boost luminescence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6245. [PMID: 39048540 PMCID: PMC11269598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Reducing the size of perovskite crystals to confine excitons and passivating surface defects has fueled a significant advance in the luminescence efficiency of perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the persistent gap between the optical limit of electroluminescence efficiency and the photoluminescence efficiency of colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) suggests that defect passivation alone is not sufficient to achieve highly efficient colloidal PeNC-LEDs. Here, we present a materials approach to controlling the dynamic nature of the perovskite surface. Our experimental and theoretical studies reveal that conjugated molecular multipods (CMMs) adsorb onto the perovskite surface by multipodal hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions, strengthening the near-surface perovskite lattice and reducing ionic fluctuations which are related to nonradiative recombination. The CMM treatment strengthens the perovskite lattice and suppresses its dynamic disorder, resulting in a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of PeNC films and a high external quantum efficiency (26.1%) of PeNC-LED with pure green emission that matches the Rec.2020 color standard for next-generation vivid displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Je Woo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Min-Ho Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aaron M Schankler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhenbang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jung-Min Heo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Guy Reuveni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sungsu Kang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Sung Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joong Yun
- Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Omer Yaffe
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Engineering Research, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- SN Display Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Junaid SB, Naqvi FH, Ko JH. The Effect of Cesium Incorporation on the Vibrational and Elastic Properties of Methylammonium Lead Chloride Perovskite Single Crystals. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2862. [PMID: 38930231 PMCID: PMC11204745 DOI: 10.3390/ma17122862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as a highly significant class of materials due to their tunable and adaptable properties, which make them suitable for a wide range of applications. One of the strategies for tuning and optimizing LHP-based devices is the substitution of cations and/or anions in LHPs. The impact of Cs substitution at the A site on the structural, vibrational, and elastic properties of MAxCs1-xPbCl3-mixed single crystals was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman and Brillouin light scattering techniques. The XRD results confirmed the successful synthesis of impurity-free single crystals, which exhibited a phase coexistence of dominant cubic and minor orthorhombic symmetries. Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the vibrational modes associated with the PbCl6 octahedra and the A-site cation movements, thereby revealing the influence of cesium incorporation on the lattice dynamics. Brillouin spectroscopy was employed to investigate the changes in elastic properties resulting from the Cs substitution. The incorporation of Cs cations induced lattice distortions within the inorganic framework, disrupting the hydrogen bonding between the MA cations and PbCl6 octahedra, which in turn affected the elastic constants and the sound velocities. The substitution of the MA cations with smaller Cs cations resulted in a stiffer lattice structure, with the two elastic constants increasing up to a Cs content of 30%. The current findings facilitate a fundamental understanding of mixed lead chloride perovskite materials, providing valuable insights into their structural and vibrational properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jae-Hyeon Ko
- School of Nano Convergence Technology, Nano Convergence Technology Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Gangwondo, Republic of Korea; (S.B.J.); (F.H.N.)
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4
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Balvanz A, Safdari M, Zacharias M, Kim D, Welton C, Oriel EH, Kepenekian M, Katan C, Malliakas CD, Even J, Klepov V, Manjunatha Reddy GN, Schaller RD, Chen LX, Seshadri R, Kanatzidis MG. Structural Evolution and Photoluminescence Quenching across the FASnI 3-xBr x ( x = 0-3) Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16128-16147. [PMID: 38815003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
One of the primary methods for band gap tuning in metal halide perovskites has been halide (I/Br) mixing. Despite widespread usage of this type of chemical substitution in perovskite photovoltaics, there is still little understanding of the structural impacts of halide alloying, with the assumption being the formation of ideal solid solutions. The FASnI3-xBrx (x = 0-3) family of compounds provides the first example where the assumption breaks down, as the composition space is broken into two unique regimes (x = 0-2.9; x = 2.9-3) based on their average structure with the former having a 3D and the latter having an extended 3D (pseudo 0D) structure. Pair distribution function (PDF) analyses further suggest a dynamic 5s2 lone pair expression resulting in increasing levels of off-centering of the central Sn as the Br concentration is increased. These antiferroelectric distortions indicate that even the x = 0-2.9 phase space behaves as a nonideal solid-solution on a more local scale. Solid-state NMR confirms the difference in local structure yielding greater insight into the chemical nature and local distributions of the FA+ cation. In contrast to the FAPbI3-xBrx series, a drastic photoluminescence (PL) quenching is observed with x ≥ 1.9 compounds having no observable PL. Our detailed studies attribute this quenching to structural transitions induced by the distortions of the [SnBr6] octahedra in response to stereochemically expressed lone pairs of electrons. This is confirmed through density functional theory, having a direct impact on the electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Balvanz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Majid Safdari
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marios Zacharias
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institute FOTON - UMR 6082, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Daehan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Claire Welton
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Evan H Oriel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mikaël Kepenekian
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Christos D Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institute FOTON - UMR 6082, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Vladislav Klepov
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - G N Manjunatha Reddy
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ram Seshadri
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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5
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Mączka M, Smółka S, Ptak M. Phonon Properties and Lattice Dynamics of Two- and Tri-Layered Lead Iodide Perovskites Comprising Butylammonium and Methylammonium Cations-Temperature-Dependent Raman Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2503. [PMID: 38893767 PMCID: PMC11172726 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid lead iodide perovskites are promising photovoltaic and light-emitting materials. Extant literature data on the key optoelectronic and luminescent properties of hybrid perovskites indicate that these properties are affected by electron-phonon coupling, the dynamics of the organic cations, and the degree of lattice distortion. We report temperature-dependent Raman studies of BA2MAPb2I7 and BA2MA2Pb3I10 (BA = butylammonium; MA = methylammonium), which undergo two structural phase transitions. Raman data obtained in broad temperature (360-80 K) and wavenumber (1800-10 cm-1) ranges show that ordering of BA+ cations triggers the higher temperature phase transition, whereas freezing of MA+ dynamics occurs below 200 K, leading to the onset of the low-temperature phase transition. This ordering is associated with significant deformation of the inorganic sublattice, as evidenced by changes observed in the lattice mode region. Our results show, therefore, that Raman spectroscopy is a very valuable tool for monitoring the separate dynamics of different organic cations in perovskites, comprising "perovskitizer" and interlayer cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Mączka
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2 str., 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.S.); (M.P.)
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6
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Navarro N, Nelson R, Gallardo K, Castillo R. Exploring the Influence of Cation and Halide Substitution in the Structure and Optical Properties of CH 3NH 3NiCl 3 Perovskite. Molecules 2024; 29:2141. [PMID: 38731632 PMCID: PMC11085610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript details a comprehensive investigation into the synthesis, structural characterization, thermal stability, and optical properties of nickel-containing hybrid perovskites, namely CH3NH3NiCl3, CsNiCl3, and CH3NH3NiBrCl2. The focal point of this study is to unravel the intricate crystal structures, thermal behaviors, and optical characteristics of these materials, thereby elucidating their potential application in energy conversion and storage technologies. X-ray powder diffraction measurements confirm that CH3NH3NiCl3 adopts a crystal structure within the Cmcm space group, while CsNiCl3 is organized in the P63/mmc space group, as reported previously. Such structural diversity underscores the complex nature of these perovskites and their potential for tailored applications. Thermal analysis further reveals the stability of CH3NH3NiCl3 and CH3NH3NiBrCl2, which begin to decompose at 260 °C and 295 °C, respectively. The optical absorption properties of these perovskites studied by UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy revealed the bands characteristic of Ni2+ ions in an octahedral environment. Notably, these absorption bands exhibit subtle shifts upon bromide substitution, suggesting that optical properties can be finely tuned through halide modification. Such tunability is paramount for the design and development of materials with specific optical requirements. By offering a detailed examination of these properties, the study lays the groundwork for future advancements in material science, particularly in the development of innovative materials for sustainable energy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalí Navarro
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (N.N.); (R.N.)
| | - Ronald Nelson
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avda. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile; (N.N.); (R.N.)
| | - Karem Gallardo
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago 8910060, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Castillo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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7
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Simenas M, Gagor A, Banys J, Maczka M. Phase Transitions and Dynamics in Mixed Three- and Low-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2281-2326. [PMID: 38421808 PMCID: PMC10941198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites are extensively investigated as efficient solution-processable materials for photovoltaic applications. The greatest stability and performance of these compounds are achieved by mixing different ions at all three sites of the APbX3 structure. Despite the extensive use of mixed lead halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices, a detailed and systematic understanding of the mixing-induced effects on the structural and dynamic aspects of these materials is still lacking. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge on mixing effects on the structural phase transitions, crystal symmetry, cation and lattice dynamics, and phase diagrams of three- and low-dimensional lead halide perovskites. This review analyzes different mixing recipes and ingredients providing a comprehensive picture of mixing effects and their relation to the attractive properties of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Simenas
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anna Gagor
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Juras Banys
- Faculty
of Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Miroslaw Maczka
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, PL-50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
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8
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Chen J, Deger C, Su ZH, Wang KL, Zhu GP, Wu JJ, He BC, Chen CH, Wang T, Gao XY, Yavuz I, Lou YH, Wang ZK, Liao LS. Magnetic-biased chiral molecules enabling highly oriented photovoltaic perovskites. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwad305. [PMID: 38213530 PMCID: PMC10776365 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between sites A, B and X with passivation molecules is restricted when the conventional passivation strategy is applied in perovskite (ABX3) photovoltaics. Fortunately, the revolving A-site presents an opportunity to strengthen this interaction by utilizing an external field. Herein, we propose a novel approach to achieving an ordered magnetic dipole moment, which is regulated by a magnetic field via the coupling effect between the chiral passivation molecule and the A-site (formamidine ion) in perovskites. This strategy can increase the molecular interaction energy by approximately four times and ensure a well-ordered molecular arrangement. The quality of the deposited perovskite film is significantly optimized with inhibited nonradiative recombination. It manages to reduce the open-circuit voltage loss of photovoltaic devices to 360 mV and increase the power conversion efficiency to 25.22%. This finding provides a new insight into the exploration of A-sites in perovskites and offers a novel route to improving the device performance of perovskite photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Caner Deger
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Ziverbey 34722, Turkey
| | - Zhen-Huang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Kai-Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guang-Peng Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Bing-Chen He
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Chun-Hao Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xing-Yu Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Ilhan Yavuz
- Department of Physics, Marmara University, Ziverbey 34722, Turkey
| | - Yan-Hui Lou
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhao-Kui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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9
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Zhou Y, van Laar SCW, Meggiolaro D, Gregori L, Martani S, Heng JY, Datta K, Jiménez-López J, Wang F, Wong EL, Poli I, Treglia A, Cortecchia D, Prato M, Kobera L, Gao F, Zhao N, Janssen RAJ, De Angelis F, Petrozza A. How Photogenerated I 2 Induces I-Rich Phase Formation in Lead Mixed Halide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305567. [PMID: 37722700 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Bandgap tunability of lead mixed halide perovskites (LMHPs) is a crucial characteristic for versatile optoelectronic applications. Nevertheless, LMHPs show the formation of iodide-rich (I-rich) phase under illumination, which destabilizes the semiconductor bandgap and impedes their exploitation. Here, it is shown that how I2 , photogenerated upon charge carrier trapping at iodine interstitials in LMHPs, can promote the formation of I-rich phase. I2 can react with bromide (Br- ) in the perovskite to form a trihalide ion I2 Br- (Iδ- -Iδ+ -Brδ- ), whose negatively charged iodide (Iδ- ) can further exchange with another lattice Br- to form the I-rich phase. Importantly, it is observed that the effectiveness of the process is dependent on the overall stability of the crystalline perovskite structure. Therefore, the bandgap instability in LMHPs is governed by two factors, i.e., the density of native defects leading to I2 production and the Br- binding strength within the crystalline unit. Eventually, this study provides rules for the design of chemical composition in LMHPs to reach their full potential for optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Simone C W van Laar
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Meggiolaro
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
| | - Luca Gregori
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and INSTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
| | - Samuele Martani
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Jia-Yong Heng
- Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Kunal Datta
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Jiménez-López
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - E Laine Wong
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Isabella Poli
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Antonella Treglia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Libor Kobera
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Ni Zhao
- Electronic Engineering Department, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo De Angelis
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics (CLHYO), Istituto CNR di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "'Giulio Natta"' (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia and INSTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia, 06123, Italy
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
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10
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Ghosh S, Rana D, Pradhan B, Donfack P, Hofkens J, Materny A. Raman Spectroscopy of Formamidinium-Based Lead Mixed-Halide Perovskite Bulk Crystals. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300303. [PMID: 37544892 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been an impressively fast technological progress in the development of highly efficient lead halide perovskite solar cells. Nonetheless, the stability of perovskite films and associated solar cells remains a source of uncertainty and necessitates sophisticated characterization techniques. Here, we report low- to mid-frequency resonant Raman spectra of formamidinium-based lead mixed-halide perovskites. The assignment of the different Raman lines in the measured spectra is assisted by DFT simulations of the Raman spectra of suitable periodic model systems. An important result of this work is that both experiment and theory point to an increase of the stability of the perovskite structure with increasing chloride doping concentration. In the Raman spectra, this is reflected by the appearance of new lines due to the formation of hydrogen bonds. Thus, higher chloride doping results in less torsional motion and lower asymmetric bending contributing to higher stability. This study yields a solid basis for the interpretation of the Raman spectra of formamidinium-based mixed-halide perovskites, furthering the understanding of the properties of these materials, which is essential for their full exploitation in solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Ghosh
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Debkumar Rana
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bapi Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Patrice Donfack
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
| | - Johan Hofkens
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arnulf Materny
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen, Germany
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11
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Samsonova AY, Krauklis IV, Chizhov YV, Selivanov NI, Emeline AV, Kapitonov YV. Polarized Raman Study of Internal Vibrations of the Organic Cation in 3-Cyanopyridinium Lead Tribromide Post-perovskite. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3445-3451. [PMID: 37010937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we apply polarized Raman spectroscopy for study of internal vibrations of the 3-cyanopyridinium cation in the halide post-perovskite (3cp)PbBr3 (3cp = 3-CN-C5H5NH+). For a single cation, the vibrational frequencies and intensities of the Raman signal were calculated using the density functional theory. Selection rules were established for vibrations of cations in the crystal. These rules together with modeling results were used to identify the internal vibrations of the cation in the Raman spectrum of the crystal. Narrow and isolated internal vibrations of cations could be used as spectators of the crystalline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yu Samsonova
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Irina V Krauklis
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Yuri V Chizhov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Nikita I Selivanov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Alexei V Emeline
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Yury V Kapitonov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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12
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Phonon-driven intra-exciton Rabi oscillations in CsPbBr 3 halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1047. [PMID: 36828818 PMCID: PMC9958027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36654-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Coupling electromagnetic radiation with matter, e.g., by resonant light fields in external optical cavities, is highly promising for tailoring the optoelectronic properties of functional materials on the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrate that even internal fields induced by coherent lattice motions can be used to control the transient excitonic optical response in CsPbBr3 halide perovskite crystals. Upon resonant photoexcitation, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy reveals an excitonic peak structure oscillating persistently with a 100-fs period for up to ~2 ps which does not match the frequency of any phonon modes of the crystals. Only at later times, beyond 2 ps, two low-frequency phonons of the lead-bromide lattice dominate the dynamics. We rationalize these findings by an unusual exciton-phonon coupling inducing off-resonant 100-fs Rabi oscillations between 1s and 2p excitons driven by the low-frequency phonons. As such, prevailing models for the electron-phonon coupling in halide perovskites are insufficient to explain these results. We propose the coupling of characteristic low-frequency phonon fields to intra-excitonic transitions in halide perovskites as the key to control the anharmonic response of these materials in order to establish new routes for enhancing their optoelectronic properties.
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13
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Synthesis, Photoluminescence and Vibrational Properties of Aziridinium Lead Halide Perovskites. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227949. [PMID: 36432050 PMCID: PMC9698367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional lead halide perovskites are known for their excellent optoelectronic properties, making them suitable for photovoltaic and light-emitting applications. Here, we report for the first time the Raman spectra and photoluminescent (PL) properties of recently discovered three-dimensional aziridinium lead halide perovskites (AZPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I), as well as assignment of vibrational modes. We also report diffuse reflection data, which revealed an extended absorption of light of AZPbX3 compared to the MA and FA counterparts and are beneficial for solar cell application. We demonstrated that this behavior is correlated with the size of the organic cation, i.e., the energy band gap of the cubic lead halide perovskites decreases with the increasing size of the organic cation. All compounds show intense PL, which weakens on heating and shifts toward higher energies. This PL is red shifted compared to the FA and MA counterparts. An analysis of the PL data revealed the small exciton binding energy of AZPbX3 compounds (29-56 meV). Overall, the properties of AZPbX3 are very similar to those of the well-known MAPbX3 and FAPbX3 perovskites, indicating that the aziridinium analogues are also attractive materials for light-emitting and solar cell applications.
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14
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Chen Y, Ding X, Yang L, Wang Y, Gurti JI, Wang M, Li W, Wang X, Yang W. Small practical cluster models for perovskites based on the similarity criterion of central location environment and their applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14375-14389. [PMID: 35642957 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing universal theoretical models for perovskites (often denoted as ABX3) can contribute to the rational design of novel perovskite photovoltaic materials. However, few models can be successfully applied to study the intrinsic electronic structure due to the poor accuracy and unaffordable computational cost. Herein, we report the innovative construction of small practical cluster models through the similarity criterion of the central location environment, which retains only the central A-site as the original cation while the others are substituted by Cs to keep the clusters electrically neutral. The central cation has a chemical environment similar to that of the bulk perovskite. The binding energy between A and the BX framework, geometric structures (B-X distances and B-X-B angles), and the electronic structures (the gap and the spatial distribution of HOMO and LUMO, electron distribution) of these clusters have been investigated and compared with the corresponding properties of bulk materials. The results suggest that the cluster model with twelve B-atoms suitably describes these properties. The geometric structures and gaps are closer to the bulk situations than the quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional cluster models with all-primitive cations, respectively. Other organic cations, such as NH3(CH2)nCH3 (n = 1, 2, and 3 for EA, PA, and BA, respectively), and (NH2)2CH (FA) can, therefore, mimic perovskite materials. Clusters with different sizes of A indicate that PA and BA will distort the quasi-cubic structures, which is consistent with the judgment of the tolerance factor of bulk materials. The reliable cluster model provides the research foundation for some basic issues of perovskites, such as vibrational spectroscopy and hydrogen bonding strength, to gain detailed insight into the interactions between A and the BX framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xunlei Ding
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Luona Yang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Yaya Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Joseph Israel Gurti
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Huilongguan, Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Department of Power Engineering, School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China.
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15
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Spirito D, Barra-Burillo M, Calavalle F, Manganelli CL, Gobbi M, Hillenbrand R, Casanova F, Hueso LE, Martín-García B. Tailoring Photoluminescence by Strain-Engineering in Layered Perovskite Flakes. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4153-4160. [PMID: 35435688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strain is an effective strategy to modulate the optoelectronic properties of 2D materials, but it has been almost unexplored in layered hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites (HOIPs) due to their complex band structure and mechanical properties. Here, we investigate the temperature-dependent microphotoluminescence (PL) of 2D (C6H5CH2CH2NH3)2Cs3Pb4Br13 HOIP subject to biaxial strain induced by a SiO2 ring platform on which flakes are placed by viscoelastic stamping. At 80 K, we found that a strain of <1% can change the PL emission from a single peak (unstrained) to three well-resolved peaks. Supported by micro-Raman spectroscopy, we show that the thermomechanically generated strain modulates the bandgap due to changes in the octahedral tilting and lattice expansion. Mechanical simulations demonstrate the coexistence of tensile and compressive strain along the flake. The observed PL peaks add an interesting feature to the rich phenomenology of photoluminescence in 2D HOIPs, which can be exploited in tailored sensing and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Spirito
- IHP-Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - María Barra-Burillo
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Francesco Calavalle
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Costanza Lucia Manganelli
- IHP-Leibniz-Institut für innovative Mikroelektronik, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - Marco Gobbi
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Rainer Hillenbrand
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Department of Electricity and Electronics, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fèlix Casanova
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
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16
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Scalable and Blue Photoluminescence Emissions of (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 2D Perovskite Fabricated by the Dip-Coating Method Using a Co-Solvent System. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The improved efficiency of perovskite-related photovoltaic devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), is related to film uniformity, the compactness of each layer, and thickness. Herein, we improved the traditional single-solvent, solution-processed method and developed a co-solvent method to prepare a two-dimensional (2D) (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 perovskite film for blue photoluminescence (PL) emissions. A poor film-forming uniformity was observed for the use of the single-solvent, dimethylformamide (DMF) method. In adding 1,2-dichlorobenzene (ODCB) of a smaller polarity to DMF, the co-solvent engineering dramatically changed the film-forming properties. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and time-resolved PL (TR-PL) spectroscopy analyses confirmed that the perovskite film prepared by the co-solvent system had a good crystallinity, fewer defects, and a longer carrier lifetime. These experimental results show a simple, scalable (1.23 × 1.23 cm2), and stable reproducibility method for preparing 2D perovskite of 415 nm wavelength PL emissions that might be beneficial for the development of ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors, blue LEDs, and high-resolution displays.
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17
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Kanwat A, Ghosh B, Ng SE, Rana PJS, Lekina Y, Hooper TJN, Yantara N, Kovalev M, Chaudhary B, Kajal P, Febriansyah B, Tan QY, Klein M, Shen ZX, Ager JW, Mhaisalkar SG, Mathews N. Reversible Photochromism in ⟨110⟩ Oriented Layered Halide Perovskite. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2942-2952. [PMID: 35040632 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extending halide perovskites' optoelectronic properties to stimuli-responsive chromism enables switchable optoelectronics, information display, and smart window applications. Here, we demonstrate a band gap tunability (chromism) via crystal structure transformation from three-dimensional FAPbBr3 to a ⟨110⟩ oriented FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 structure using a mono-halide/cation composition (FA/Pb) tuning. Furthermore, we illustrate reversible photochromism in halide perovskite by modulating the intermediate n phase in the FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 structure, enabling greater control of the optical band gap and luminescence of a ⟨110⟩ oriented mono-halide/cation perovskite. Proton transfer reaction-mass spectroscopy carried out to precisely quantify the decomposition product reveals that the organic solvent in the film is a key contributor to the structural transformation and, therefore, the chromism in the ⟨110⟩ structure. These intermediate n phases (2 ≤ n ≤ ∞) stabilize in metastable states in the FAn+2PbnBr3n+2 system, which is accessible via strain or optical or thermal input. The structure reversibility in the ⟨110⟩ perovskite allowed us to demonstrate a class of photochromic sensors capable of self-adaptation to lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kanwat
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Biplab Ghosh
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Si En Ng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Prem J S Rana
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Yulia Lekina
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas J N Hooper
- Centre of High Field NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore
| | - Natalia Yantara
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Mikhail Kovalev
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education (CARES), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Bhumika Chaudhary
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Priyanka Kajal
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Benny Febriansyah
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Qi Ying Tan
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
- Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
| | - Maciej Klein
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ze Xiang Shen
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel W Ager
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore
- Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 225 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, California 94720-1760, United State of America
| | - Subodh G Mhaisalkar
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nripan Mathews
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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18
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Jain P, Mazumder M, Pradeep KR, Viswanatha R, Pati SK, Narayana C. Polaronic Signatures in Doped and Undoped Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals through a Photoinduced Raman Mode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5567-5577. [PMID: 35041391 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) are promising candidates for photovoltaic applications as they exhibit large carrier diffusion lengths and long carrier lifetimes among many other interesting properties. One of the widely accepted mechanisms for these properties is polaron formation, which is mainly driven by octahedral distortions of the inorganic framework. Since structure modifications of the framework largely affect associated distortions, we investigated Mn-doped and undoped CsPbX3 (where X = Cl, Br, Cl/Br) using a local probe via micro-Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations for polaron formation. Our results highlight a new vibrational lattice mode at 132 cm-1 due to polaronic distortion upon photoinduction. From the DFT studies, we have shown that the polaronic states are dominated by the B-site cation in the perovskite structure, but it is the strong covalent overlap of the halide which determines its stability. This elucidation to map polaronic signatures with excellent spatial resolution using traditional Raman spectroscopy can be used as a simple tool to understand the structural changes and their impacted electronic properties and thus design superior devices using its in situ applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Jain
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Madhulika Mazumder
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - K R Pradeep
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- International Centre for Material Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Ranjani Viswanatha
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- International Centre for Material Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Swapan K Pati
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Chandrabhas Narayana
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, India
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India
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19
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Thongnum A, Pingaew R, Pinsook U. Impact of the polar optical phonon and alloy scattering on the charge-carrier mobilities of FA 0.83Cs 0.17Pb(I 1-xBr x) 3 hybrid perovskites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27320-27326. [PMID: 34850788 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03698j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lead mixed-halide perovskites are promising absorption materials that are suitable for applications in tandem solar cells using existing silicon technology. Charge-carrier mobility is an important factor that affects the performance of tandem solar cells. However, a detailed understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of lead mixed-halide perovskites remains elusive. Here, we used LO (longitudinal optical) phonons and alloy scattering to the elucidate charge-carrier mobilities in the FA0.83Cs0.17Pb(I1-xBrx)3 hybrid perovskite system. It was found that these scattering mechanisms provided very good quantitative agreement with the experimental results, between 11-40 cm2 V-1 s-1. Our findings provide new insights into charge transport scattering in lead mixed-halide hybrid perovskites and pave the way toward design of novel semiconductor alloys for solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusit Thongnum
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.,Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Ratchanok Pingaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Udomsilp Pinsook
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. .,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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20
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Ptak M, Sieradzki A, Šimėnas M, Maczka M. Molecular spectroscopy of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites and related compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Zhou Q, Duan J, Du J, Guo Q, Zhang Q, Yang X, Duan Y, Tang Q. Tailored Lattice "Tape" to Confine Tensile Interface for 11.08%-Efficiency All-Inorganic CsPbBr 3 Perovskite Solar Cell with an Ultrahigh Voltage of 1.702 V. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101418. [PMID: 34369106 PMCID: PMC8498907 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The crystal distortion such as lattice strain and defect located at the surfaces and grain boundaries induced by soft perovskite lattice highly determines the charge extraction-transfer dynamics and recombination to cause an inferior efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, the authors propose a strategy to significantly reduce the superficial lattice tensile strain by means of incorporating an inorganic 2D Cl-terminated Ti3 C2 (Ti3 C2 Clx ) MXene into the bulk and surface of CsPbBr3 film. Arising from the strong interaction between Cl atoms in Ti3 C2 Clx and the under-coordinated Pb2+ in CsPbBr3 lattice, the expanded perovskite lattice is compressed and confined to act as a lattice "tape", in which the PbCl bond plays a role of "glue" and the 2D Ti3 C2 immobilizes the lattice. Finally, the defective surface is healed and a champion efficiency as high as 11.08% with an ultrahigh open-circuit voltage up to 1.702 V is achieved on the best all-inorganic CsPbBr3 PSC, which is so far the highest efficiency record for this kind of PSCs. Furthermore, the unencapsulated device demonstrates nearly unchanged performance under 80% relative humidity over 100 days and 85 °C over 30 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Zhou
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Jialong Duan
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Jian Du
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Qiyao Guo
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Xiya Yang
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Duan
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low‐Carbon and Environmental Material (SCICDLCEM)School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Qunwei Tang
- College of Information Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632P. R. China
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22
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Driscoll EH, Orera A, Anderson PA, Sanjuán ML, Slater PR. Raman spectroscopy insights into the α- and δ-phases of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3315-3323. [PMID: 33595035 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04300a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar perovskites have received phenomenal attention and success over the past decade, due to their high power conversion efficiencies (PCE), ease of fabrication and low cost which has enabled the prospect of them being a real commercial contender to the traditional silicon technology. In one of the several developments on the archetypal MAPbI3 perovskite absorber layer, FAPbI3 was found to obtain a higher PCE, likely due to its more optimum band gap, with doping strategies focusing on the inclusion of MA+/Cs+ cations to avoid the unfavourable phase transformation to a photoinactive phase. To better understand the phase change from the photoactive cubic (Pm3[combining macron]m) black (α) phase to the unwanted photoinactive (P63/mmc) yellow (δ) phase, we make use of variable temperature Raman spectroscopy to probe the molecular species and its relationship to the inorganic framework. We show for the first time there to be no Raman active modes for the α phase up to 4000 cm-1, which can be correlated to the Pm3[combining macron]m cubic symmetry of that phase. Our detailed studies suggest that previous reports of the observation of Raman peaks for this phase are likely associated with degradation reactions from the localised laser exposure and the formation of Raman active lead oxide. In addition, we have identified water as a contributing factor to the transformation, and observed a corresponding signal in the Raman spectra, although confirmation of its exact role still remains inconclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Driscoll
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - A Orera
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P A Anderson
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - M L Sanjuán
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P R Slater
- University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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23
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Ibaceta-Jaña J, Muydinov R, Rosado P, Vinoth Kumar SHB, Gunder R, Hoffmann A, Szyszka B, Wagner MR. Hidden polymorphism of FAPbI 3 discovered by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9476-9482. [PMID: 33885067 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) can be used in its cubic, black form as a light absorber material in single-junction solar cells. It has a band-gap (1.5 eV) close to the maximum of the Shockley-Queisser limit, and reveals a high absorption coefficient. Its high thermal stability up to 320 °C has also a downside, which is the instability of the photo-active form at room temperature (RT). Thus, the black α-phase transforms at RT with time into a yellow non-photo-active δ-phase. The black phase can be recovered by annealing of the yellow state. In this work, a polymorphism of the α-phase at room temperature was found: as-synthesized (αi), degraded (αδ) and thermally recovered (αrec). They differ in the Raman spectra and PL signal, but not in the XRD patterns. Using temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, we identified a structural change in the αi-polymorph at ca. 110 °C. Above 110 °C, the FAPbI3 structure has undoubtedly cubic Pm3[combining macron]m symmetry (high-temperature phase: αHT). Below that temperature, the αi-phase was suggested to have a distorted perovskite structure with Im3[combining macron] symmetry. Thermally recovered FAPbI3 (αrec) also demonstrated the structural transition to αHT at the same temperature (ca. 110 °C) during its heating. The understanding of hybrid perovskites may bring additional assets in the development of new and stable structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Ibaceta-Jaña
- Technology for Thin Film devices, Technische Universitat Berlin, Einsteinufer 25, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Tran NL, Elkins MH, McMeekin DP, Snaith HJ, Scholes GD. Observation of Charge Generation via Photoinduced Stark Effect in Mixed-Cation Lead Bromide Perovskite Thin Films. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10081-10087. [PMID: 33179935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extensive transient absorption studies on hybrid organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have elucidated many optical properties important for their device performance. Despite the enormous progress, the derivative shaped photoinduced absorption feature in transient spectra that is above the bandgap has many explanations, including the photoinduced Stark effect, where the bandgap is blue shifted due to a local electric field generated by charges. In this work, we employ broad band transient absorption and two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to examine the early transient events after photoexcitation of [CH(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbBr3 (FA0.83Cs0.17PbBr3). 2DES resolves a photomodulation feature at the excitation energy of the exciton, suggesting the presence of a dipole field created by a polaron pair shifting the exciton transition to higher energies. As this polaron pair dissociates over 200 fs, the exciton transition shifts to higher energies over the same time scale, evidenced by the 2DES diagonal energy spectra. Given that the observations are well explained in terms of the Stark effect, our work provides extra grounds to support the Stark effect assignment of the above-gap photoinduced absorption. Furthermore, our study reports on the time scale of charge generation, contributing to the fundamental understanding of mixed-cation lead bromide perovskite photophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu L Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Madeline H Elkins
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David P McMeekin
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Henry J Snaith
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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