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Huang J, Wang YF, Yang K, Zhang W, Wang ZJ, Liu X, Li ZR. Superalkali-alkaline earthide ion pairs of δ+(AM-HMHC)-AM' δ- (AM = Li, Na and K; AM' = Be, Mg and Ca) possessing large NLO responses and excellent electronic stabilities and alkalide characteristics: a DFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4702-4715. [PMID: 38251937 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04627c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
To identify superalkali-alkaline earthide ion pairs, it's theoretically shown that, as a novel class of excess electron superalkali compounds, both chair and boat forms of (AM-HMHC)-AM' (AM = Li, Na, and K; AM' = Be, Mg, and Ca; HMHC = 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexamethyl-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaazacyclooctadecane) are good candidates. An attractive superalkali-alkaline earthide ion pair in δ+(AM-HMHC)-AM'δ- is firstly exhibited, which possesses alkaline-earthide characteristics and nonlinear optical response superior to similar M+(calix[4]pyrrole)M'- (M = Li, Na, and K; M' = Be, Mg, and Ca) with high stability. The electronic and vibrational second order hyperpolarizabilities and the frequency-dependent first hyperpolarizabilities of δ+(AM-HMHC)-AM'δ- are presented. For each pair of (AM-HMHC)-AM', the boat conformation is preferred to its chair one in the case of Hyper-Rayleigh scattering response (βHRS). These alkaline earthides suggest prominently high βHRS up to 2.59 × 104 a.u. (boat forms of δ+(Na-HMHC)-Caδ-). We expect that this work will inspire the preparation and characterization of these new alkaline earthides as high-performance NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangen Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Yin-Feng Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Xuexia Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Ru Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China.
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Rasul R, Mahmood T, Ayub K, Joya KS, Anwar F, Saari N, Nawaz R, Gilani MA. Alkali metals doped cycloparaphenylene nanohoops: Promising nonlinear optical materials with enhanced performance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21508. [PMID: 38027972 PMCID: PMC10654151 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the ongoing pursuit of novel and efficient NLO materials, the potential of alkali metal-doped {6}cycloparaphenylene ({6}CPP) and methylene bridged {6} cycloparaphenylene (MB{6}CPP) nanohoops as excellent NLO candidates has been explored. The geometric, electronic, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of designed systems have been investigated theoretically. All the nanohoops demonstrated thermodynamic stability, with remarkable interaction energies reaching up to -1.39 eV (-0.0511 au). Notably, the introduction of alkali metals led to a significant reduction in the HOMO-LUMO energy gaps, with values as low as 2.92 eV, compared to 6.80 eV and 6.06 eV for undoped {6}CPP and MB{6}CPP, respectively. Moreover, the alkali metal-doped nanohoops exhibited exceptional NLO response, with the K@r6-{6}CPP complex achieving the highest first hyperpolarizability of 56,221.7 × 10-30 esu. Additionally, the frequency-dependent first hyperpolarizability values are also computed at two commonly used wavelengths of 1550 nm and 1907 nm, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of designed nanohoops as promising candidates for advanced NLO materials with high-tech applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqiya Rasul
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore-54600, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad-22060, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad-22060, Pakistan
| | - Khurram Saleem Joya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farooq Anwar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-40100, Pakistan
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - R. Nawaz
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, 32093 Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore-54600, Pakistan
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Sohaib M, Sajid H, Sarfaraz S, Hamid MHSA, Gilani MA, Ans M, Mahmood T, Muhammad S, Alkhalifah MA, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Enhanced nonlinear optical response of alkalides based on stacked Janus all- cis-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19325. [PMID: 37662734 PMCID: PMC10474417 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts are continuously exerted by the scientific community to explore new strategies to design materials with high nonlinear optical responses. An effective approach is to design alkalides based on Janus molecules. Herein, we present a new approach to remarkably boost the NLO response of alkalides by stacking the Janus molecules. Alkalides based on stacked Janus molecule, M-n-M' (where n = 2 & 3 while M and M' are Li/Na/K) are studied for structural, energetic, electrical, and nonlinear optical properties. The thermodynamic stability of the designed complexes is confirmed by the energetic stabilities, which range between -14.07 and -28.77 kcal/mol. The alkalide character of alkali metals-doped complexes is confirmed by the NBO charge transfer and HOMO(s) densities. The HOMO densities are located on the doped alkali metal atoms, indicating their alkalide character. The absorptions in UV-Vis and near IR region confirm the deep ultraviolet transparency of the designed complexes. The maximum first static and dynamic hyperpolarizabilities of 5.13 × 107 and 6.6 × 106 au (at 1339 nm) confirm their high NLO response, especially for K-2-M' complexes. The NLO response of alkalides based on stacked Janus molecules is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than the alkalide based on Janus monomer. The high values of dc-Kerr and electric field-induced response e.g., max ∼107 and 108 au, respectively have been obtained. These findings suggest that our designed complexes envision a new insight into the rational design of stable high NLO performance materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohaib
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
| | | | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore-54600, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P. O. Box 32038, Bahrain
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alkhalifah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, KPK, 22060, Pakistan
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Alkhalifah MA, Sheikh NS, Al-Faiyz YSS, Bayach I, Ludwig R, Ayub K. Rational Design, Stabilities and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Non-Conventional Transition Metalides; New Entry into Nonlinear Optical Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093447. [PMID: 37176328 PMCID: PMC10180138 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Electronic and nonlinear optical properties of endohedral metallofullerenes are presented. The endohedral metallofullerenes contain transition metal encapsulated in inorganic fullerenes X12Y12 (X = B, Al & Y = N, P). The endohedral metallofullerenes (endo-TM@X12Y12) possess quite interesting geometric and electronic properties, which are the function of the nature of the atom and the size of fullerene. NBO charge and frontier molecular orbital analyses reveal that the transition metal encapsulated Al12N12 fullerenes (endo-TM@Al12N12) are true metalides when the transition metals are Ni, Cu and Zn. Endo-Cr@Al12N12 and endo-Co@Al12N12 are at the borderline between metalides and electrides with predominantly electride characteristics. The other members of the series are excess electron systems, which offer interesting electronic and nonlinear optical properties. The diversity of nature possessed by endo-TM@Al12N12 is not prevalent for other fullerenes. Endo-TM@Al12P12 are true metalides when the transition metals are (Cr-Zn). HOMO-LUMO gaps (EH-L) are reduced significantly for these endohedral metallofullerenes, with a maximum percent decrease in EH-L of up to 70%. Many complexes show odd-even oscillating behavior for EH-L and dipole moments. Odd electron species contain large dipole moments and small EH-L, whereas even electron systems have the opposite behavior. Despite the decrease in EH-L, these systems show high kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities. The encapsulation of transition metals is a highly exergonic process. These endo-TM@X12Y12 possess remarkable nonlinear optical response in which the first hyperpolarizability reaches up to 2.79 × 105 au for endo-V@Al12N12. This study helps in the comparative analysis of the potential nonlinear optical responses of electrides, metalides and other excess electron systems. In general, the potential nonlinear optical response of electrides is higher than metalides but lower than those of simple excess electron compounds. The higher non-linear optical response and interesting electronic characteristics of endo-TM@Al12N12 complexes may be promising contenders for potential NLO applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Alkhalifah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem S Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Yasair S S Al-Faiyz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imene Bayach
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Straße 27, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Science and Technology of Life, Light and Matter, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, KPK, Pakistan
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Yadav S, Bhunia S, Kumar R, Seth R, Singh A. Designing Excess Electron Compounds by Substituting Alkali Metals to a Small and Versatile Tetracyclic Framework: A Theoretical Perspective. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7978-7988. [PMID: 36872966 PMCID: PMC9979228 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic compound-based nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have sparked a lot of attention due to their multitude of applications and shorter optical response times than those of inorganic NLO materials. In the present investigation, we designed exo-exo-tetracyclo[6.2.1.13,6.02,7]dodecane (TCD) derivatives, which were obtained by replacing H atoms of methylene bridge carbon with alkali metals (Li, Na, and K). It was observed that upon the substitution of alkali metals at bridging CH2 carbon, absorption within the visible region occurred. Moving from 1 to 7 derivatives, the maximum absorption wavelength of the complexes exhibited a red shift. The designed molecules showed a high degree of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and excess electrons in nature, which were responsible for rapid optical response time and significant large molecular (hyper)polarizability. Calculated trends also inferred that the crucial transition energy decreased in order that also played a key role in the higher nonlinear optical response. Furthermore, to examine the effect of the structure/property relationship on the nonlinear optical properties of these investigated compounds (1-7), we calculated the density of state (DOS), transition density matrix (TDM), and frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs). The largest first static hyperpolarizability (βtot) of TCD derivative 7 was 72059 au, which was 43 times greater than that of the prototype p-nitroaniline (βtot = 1675 au).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh
Kumar Yadav
- Department
of Chemistry, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) Institute of Physical
Sciences for Study and Research, V.B.S.
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | - Snehasis Bhunia
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Rajneesh Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) Institute of Physical
Sciences for Study and Research, V.B.S.
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | - Ritu Seth
- Department
of Chemistry, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) Institute of Physical
Sciences for Study and Research, V.B.S.
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) Institute of Physical
Sciences for Study and Research, V.B.S.
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
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Geometric, Electronic, and Optoelectronic Properties of Carbon-Based Polynuclear C 3O[C(CN) 2] 2M 3 (where M = Li, Na, and K) Clusters: A DFT Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041827. [PMID: 36838816 PMCID: PMC9965956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based polynuclear clusters are designed and investigated for geometric, electronic, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties at the CAM-B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Significant binding energies per atom (ranging from -162.4 to -160.0 kcal mol-1) indicate excellent thermodynamic stabilities of these polynuclear clusters. The frontier molecular orbital (FMOs) analysis indicates excess electron nature of the clusters with low ionization potential, suggesting that they are alkali-like. The decreased energy gaps (EH-L) with increased alkali metals size revael the improved electrical conductivity (σ). The total density of state (TDOS) study reveals the alkali metals' size-dependent electronic and conductive properties. The significant first and second hyperpolarizabilities are observed up to 5.78 × 103 and 5.55 × 106 au, respectively. The βo response shows dependence on the size of alkali metals. Furthermore, the absorption study shows transparency of these clusters in the deep-UV, and absorptions are observed at longer wavelengths (redshifted). The optical gaps from TD-DFT are considerably smaller than those of HOMO-LUMO gaps. The significant scattering hyperpolarizability (βHRS) value (1.62 × 104) is calculated for the C3 cluster, where octupolar contribution to βHRS is 92%. The dynamic first hyperpolarizability β(ω) is more pronounced for the EOPE effect at 532 nm, whereas SHG has notable values for second hyperpolarizability γ(ω).
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Ahsan F, Ayub K. Transition metalides based on facially polarized all- cis-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane - a new class of high performance second order nonlinear optical materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4732-4742. [PMID: 36662154 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04842f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Continuous attempts are being made to discover new approaches to design materials with extraordinary nonlinear optical responses. Herein, for the first time, we report the geometric, electronic, and nonlinear optical properties of novel Janus transition metalides AM-J-TM (where AM = Li, Na and K, and TM = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) containing alkali metals as a source of excess electrons for transition metals to generate metalides. The Janus organic complexant used for the study is all cis 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane F6C6H6 (J). These complexes contain the unique involvement of alkali metals (AM = Li, Na and K) as a source of excess electrons, which significantly affects the hyperpolarizability values of the resulting transition metalides. The NBO analysis reveals the charge transfer from alkali metals to the transition metals, thereby confirming the metalide behavior of the complexes. Moreover, the metalide nature of these complexes is validated through frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis. The values of interaction energies, vertical ionization potential (VIP) and vertical electron affinity (VEA) illustrate the stability of the metalide complexes. Ultimately, the hyperpolarizability values confirm the excellent nonlinear optical response of the designed transition metalides. The remarkable static first hyperpolarizability (β0) response up to 4 × 108 a.u. is observed for complexes of vanadium. Similarly, the complexes of AM-J-Mn and Li/Na-J-Sc show significantly high NLO response. These compounds besides providing a new entry into excess electron compounds will also pave the way for the design and synthesis of further novel NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Ahsan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, 22060, Pakistan.
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, 22060, Pakistan.
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Li XH, Cheng X, Wang WL, Yu D, Ni BL, Sun WM. Alkali-Metal-Free Coinage Metalides: Specific Pairing and Location of Doping Atoms Bring Forth High Stability and Considerable Nonlinear Optical Response. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hui Li
- Medical Technology and Engineering College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350004, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian350007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Cheng
- The Department of Basic Chemistry, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Lu Wang
- The Department of Basic Chemistry, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Bi-Lian Ni
- The Department of Basic Chemistry, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350108, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ming Sun
- The Department of Basic Chemistry, The School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou350108, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang B, Cheng Z, Hou J. The electronic structures and nonlinear optical properties of Alkali and Alkali earth metal atoms doped C6H6Cl6: A density functional theoretical study. J Mol Graph Model 2022; 116:108263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Zhang B, Zheng R, Wang C, Hou J. The Alkaline-earthides based parallel-stacked dimer and trimer of Janus face C6H6F6 showing extremely large nonlinear optical responses. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yi XG, Wang YF, Zhang HR, Cai JH, Liu XX, Li J, Wang ZJ, Bai FQ, Li ZR. Can a molecular switch exist in both superalkali electride and superalkalide forms? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5690-5699. [PMID: 35187550 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05657c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To combine both electride and alkalide characteristics in one molecular switch, it is shown herein that the phenalenyl radical and the M3 ring (M3-PHY, M = Li, Na, and K) stacked with parallel and vertical geometries are good candidates. The former geometry is the superalkali electride e-⋯M3+-PHY while the latter geometry is the superalkalide Mδ--M2(1-δ)+-PHY-. The superalkalide Mδ--M2(1-δ)+-PHY- may isomerize to the superalkali electride e-⋯M3+-PHY (M = Li, Na, and K) using suitable long-wavelength irradiation, while the latter may isomerize to the former with suitable short-wavelength irradiation. Also, applying suitable oriented external electric fields can drive the superalkalide Mδ-M2(1-δ)+-PHY- to change into the superalkali electride e-⋯M3+-PHY (M = Li, Na, and K). The differences in the static and dynamic first hyperpolarizability (β0) values between them were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Guang Yi
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Yin-Feng Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Hua-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Jin-Hua Cai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Xue-Xia Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Jia Li
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China.
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Ru Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China.
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12
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Wang YF, Huang J, Wang ZJ, Liu XX, Li J, Li ZR. Superalkali-alkalide ion pairs δ+(M-HMHC)-M’ δ - (M, M’ = Li, Na and K) serving as high-performance NLO molecular materials. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Zheng R, Zhang B, Wang C, Hou J. DFT studies of electronic and nonlinear optical properties of a novel class of excess electron compounds based on multi-alkali metal atoms-doped Janus face C 13H 10F 12. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02671f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-ring Janus face C13H10F12 has a larger surface than F6C6H6, which is useful to tune different types of excess electron compound by doping multi-alkali metal atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Bicheng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Jilin Tobacco Industrial Co., Ltd., Changchun Shiji Rd No. 99, 130031, China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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Zhang B, Wen J, Zhang Y, Xiong Y, Huang X, Hou J, Wang X, Guan J, Zhi Q. Design a novel type of excess electron compounds with large nonlinear optical responses using group 12 elements (Zn, Cd and Hg). J Mol Graph Model 2021; 109:108003. [PMID: 34500246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Based on the interesting Janus-type all-cis1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane (1) molecule, a novel type of excess electron compounds MF-1-MH (MF = Li, Na and K, MH = Zn, Cd and Hg) were designed theoretically. The geometric structures, electronic structures and nonlinear optical properties of MF-1-MH compounds were studied by density functional theory. Our results show that in Li-1-MH, the obvious charge transfer between Li and MH can be observed while in Na/K-1-MH, the charge transfer between Na/K and MH is negligible. Particularly, the MF-1-MH exhibit remarkable nonlinear optical (NLO) response and the first hyperpolarizability of the K-1-Zn almost achieve 1.0 × 106 au. We hope this work will further enrich the family of excess electron compounds, so that more experimental interests and efforts can be attracted to propose and synthesize new excellent NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Yuze Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Yongkang Xiong
- School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266500, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Jianhua Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130022, PR China.
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Jialin Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, PR China
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15
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Clark JL, Taylor A, Geddis A, Neyyappadath RM, Piscelli BA, Yu C, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Cormanich RA, Guldin S, O'Hagan D. Supramolecular packing of alkyl substituted Janus face all- cis 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorocyclohexyl motifs. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9712-9719. [PMID: 34349942 PMCID: PMC8293821 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02130c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study uses X-ray crystallography, theory and Langmuir isotherm analysis to explore the conformations and molecular packing of alkyl all-cis 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorocyclohexyl motifs, which are prepared by direct aryl hydrogenations from alkyl- or vinyl-pentafluoroaryl benzenes. Favoured conformations retain the more polar triaxial C-F bond arrangement of the all-cis 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorocyclohexyl ring systems with the alkyl substituent adopting an equatorial orientation, and accommodating strong supramolecular interactions between rings. Langmuir isotherm analysis on a water subphase of a long chain fatty acid and alcohol carrying terminal all-cis 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorocyclohexyl rings do not show any indication of monolayer assembly relative to their cyclohexane analogues, instead the molecules appear to aggregate and form higher molecular assemblies prior to compression. The study indicates the power and potential of this ring system as a motif for ordering supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Alaric Taylor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Ailsa Geddis
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | | | - Bruno A Piscelli
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas Sao Paulo 13083-862 Brazil
| | - Cihang Yu
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - David B Cordes
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Rodrigo A Cormanich
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas Sao Paulo 13083-862 Brazil
| | - Stefan Guldin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London Torrington Place London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - David O'Hagan
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST UK
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16
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Sohail M, Khaliq F, Mahmood T, Ayub K, Tabassum S, Gilani MA. Influence of bi-alkali metals doping over Al12N12 nanocage on stability and optoelectronic properties: A DFT investigation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Qu CL, Su ZM, Gao FW. Regioisomeric BODIPY derivatives: second-order nonlinear optical properties under an external electric field. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to study the second-order NLO properties of m-AD and p-AD regioisomers. The βtot value of p-AD is larger than that of m-AD. Significantly, the external electric field effectively regulates the βtot values (0–3.70 × 104 a.u.) of p-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Lin Qu
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering
| | - Feng-Wei Gao
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Changchun
- People's Republic of China
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