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Mukhopadhyay S, Kottaichamy AR, Chame PV, Ghosh P, Vinod CP, Makri Nimbegondi Kotresh H, Kanade SC, Thotiyl MO. Unusual Ligand Assistance in Molecular Electrocatalysis via Interfacial Proton Charge Assembly. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:5377-5385. [PMID: 37278536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We show that the ability of the ligand to reorganize the electric double layer (EDL) often dominates the electrocatalysis contrary to their inductive effect in the spectrochemical series, leading to counterintuitive electrocatalysis. With water oxidation and chlorine evolution as the probe reactions, the same catalytic entity with carboxy functionalized ligand exhibited surprisingly higher electrochemical activity in comparison to the aggressively electron-withdrawing nitro functionalized ligands, which is contrary to their actual location in the spectrochemical series. Spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses suggest the enrichment of catalytically active species in the carboxy substituted ligand via proton charge assembly in the EDL that in turn enhances the kinetics of the overall electrochemical process. This demonstration of less obvious ligands becoming indispensable in electrocatalysis suggests a blind designing of ligands solely based on their inductive effect should be reconsidered as it will prevent the utilization of the maximum potential of the molecule in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchayita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Alagar Raja Kottaichamy
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Pallavi Vyankuram Chame
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Pune 411008, India
| | | | | | - Sandeep C Kanade
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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2
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Günsel A, Mutlu N, Yaşa Atmaca G, Günsel H, Bilgiçli AT, Erdoğmuş A, Nilüfer Yarasir M. Novel Graphene Oxide/Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites Bearing 3‐Chloro‐4‐Fluorophenoxy: Potential Usage for Sono/Photochemical Applications. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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3
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Klyamer DD, Basova TV. EFFECT OF THE STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF METAL PHTHALOCYANINE FILMS ON THEIR ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476622070010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Singh H. Crystal structure, surface analysis, and computational investigations of 1-(4‑chloro-3-nitrophenyl)-6,7-dihydro-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-4(5H)-one as potential acceptor molecule for photovoltaics applications. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Gorbunova EA, Stepanova DA, Kosov AD, Bolshakova AV, Filatova NV, Sizov LR, Rybkin AY, Spiridonov VV, Sybachin AV, Dubinina TV, Milaeva ER. Dark and photoinduced cytotoxicity of solubilized hydrophobic octa-and hexadecachloro-substituted lutetium(III) phthalocyanines. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Martynov AG, Horii Y, Katoh K, Bian Y, Jiang J, Yamashita M, Gorbunova YG. Rare-earth based tetrapyrrolic sandwiches: chemistry, materials and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9262-9339. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarises advances in chemistry of tetrapyrrole sandwiches with rare earth elements and highlights the current state of their use in single-molecule magnetism, organic field-effect transistors, conducting materials and nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Martynov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninskiy pr., 31, bldg.4, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yoji Horii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Keiichi Katoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yongzhong Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Daxing Research Institute, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
- Daxing Research Institute, and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninskiy pr., 31, bldg.4, Moscow, Russia
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Leninskiy pr., 31, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Srivishnu KS, Banerjee D, Ramnagar RA, Rathod J, Giribabu L, Soma VR. Optical, Electrochemical, Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Investigations of 3,4,5-Trimethoxy Phenyl Substituted Non-Aqueous Phthalocyanines. Front Chem 2021; 9:713939. [PMID: 34568277 PMCID: PMC8458761 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.713939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of non-aqueous phthalocyanines having 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl group at peripheral positions in which the central cavity possessing Cu(II), Zn(II), and without metals has been synthesized, and its absorption, fluorescence (steady-state and excited state lifetimes), electrochemical, and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were evaluated. Absorption studies data suggest that all three phthalocyanines obey Beer-Lambert's law, and the redox properties indicate that both oxidation and reduction reactions are macrocyclic centered. The singlet quantum yields were measured in different solvents and were found to be in the range of 0.2-0.5 in the case of free-base, whereas it was in the range of 0.1-0.5 in zinc derivative, while the time-resolved fluorescence data revealed lifetimes of typically a few ns. The third-order NLO properties were investigated using the Z-scan technique with kilohertz (for retrieving true electronic nonlinearities) and megahertz repetition rate femtosecond pulses at 800 nm. Intensity-dependent Z-scan studies revealed robust NLO coefficients for solutions and thin films (two-photon absorption cross-sections of 9,300-57,000 GM) of these molecules suggesting a strong potential for optical switching, imaging, and optical limiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. S. Srivishnu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Dipanjan Banerjee
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramya Athira Ramnagar
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jagannath Rathod
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Venugopal Rao Soma
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Abstract
Metal phthalocyanines bearing electron-withdrawing fluorine substituents were synthesized a long time ago, but interest in the study of their films has emerged in recent decades. This is due to the fact that, unlike unsubstituted phthalocyanines, films of some fluorinated phthalocyanines exhibit the properties of n-type semiconductors, which makes them promising candidates for application in ambipolar transistors. Apart from this, it was shown that the introduction of fluorine substituents led to an increase in the sensitivity of phthalocyanine films to reducing gases. This review analyzes the state of research over the last fifteen years in the field of applications of fluoro-substituted metal phthalocyanines as active layers of gas sensors, with a primary focus on chemiresistive ones. The active layers on the basis of phthalocyanines with fluorine and fluorine-containing substituents of optical and quartz crystal microbalance sensors are also considered. Attention is paid to the analysis of the effect of molecular structure (central metal, number and type of fluorine substituent etc.) on sensor properties of fluorinated phthalocyanine films.
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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10
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Mgidlana S, Şen P, Nyokong T. Direct nonlinear optical absorption measurements of asymmetrical zinc(II) phthalocyanine when covalently linked to semiconductor quantum dots. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Hashikawa Y, Murata Y. Cation recognition on a fullerene-based macrocycle. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12428-12435. [PMID: 34123228 PMCID: PMC8163314 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05280a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic orifices in cage-opened fullerene derivatives are regarded as potential ligands toward metals or ions, being reminiscent of truncated fullerenes as a hypothetical class of macrocycles with spherical π-conjugation. Among a number of cage-opened examples reported thus far, the coordination ability and dynamic behavior in solution still remained unclear due to difficulties in structural determination with multiple coordination sites on the macrocycles. Herein, we present the detailed solution dynamics of a cage-opened C60 derivative bearing a diketo bis(hemiketal) moiety in the presence of alkali metal ions. The NMR spectroscopy disclosed the coordination behavior which is identified as a two-step process with a 1 : 2 stoichiometry. Upon coordination to the Li+ ion, the macrocycle largely varies its properties, i.e., increased absorption coefficients in the visible region due to weakly-allowed charge transfer transitions as well as the inner potential field from neutral to positive by the charge delocalization along with the spherical π-surface. The Li+-complexes formed in situ underwent unprecedented selective dehydroxyhydrogenation under high-pressure conditions. These findings would facilitate further studies on fullerene-based macrocycles as metal sensors, bulky ligands in organic reactions, and ion carriers in batteries and biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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12
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Electrochemistry of novel tetra peripherally and non-peripherally substituted phthalocyanines bearing morpholine groups. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Song H, Fan C, Wang R, Wang Z, Pu S. 1,10-Phenanthroline decorated with substituent groups forming europium(III) complexes: synthesis, crystal structure, photoluminescence properties and their bioimaging in living cells. J COORD CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2020.1824065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Song
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Congbin Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Renjie Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Lehn Institute of Functional materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, PR China
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Gonzalez ACS, Damas L, Aroso RT, Tomé VA, Dias LD, Pina J, Carrilho RMB, Pereira MM. Monoterpene-based metallophthalocyanines: Sustainable synthetic approaches and photophysical studies. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424620500066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-substituted zinc(II) and copper(II) phthalocyanines bearing peripheral alkoxy-monoterpene groups were prepared by conventional vs. non-conventional synthetic approaches (ultrasound and microwave irradiation). The synthesis of (1[Formula: see text]-(–)-myrtenol (a) and (1[Formula: see text],2[Formula: see text],5[Formula: see text]-([Formula: see text]-menthol (b) derived phthalonitrile precursors was performed through ipso-nitro aromatic substitution reactions, with optimal conditions being obtained using ultrasound irradiation, which allowed us to achieve full conversions in 4.5 h, with isolated yields up to 74%. The subsequent cyclotetramerization of monoterpene-based phthalonitriles was carried out using Zn(II) or Cu(II) salts as metal templates, and also using conventional and non-conventional heating methods. Microwave-assisted synthesis was shown to be the most efficient approach, providing complete conversions in 1 h, yielding the target monoterpene-based metallophthalocyanines in up to 70% isolated yields. Furthermore, photophysical and photochemical studies revealed that Zn(II) phthalocyanines possess fluorescence quantum yields in the range of [Formula: see text] 0.27–0.29, while Cu(II) phthalocyanines exhibited room temperature phosphorescence. In addition, the monoterpene-based Zn(II) phthalocyanines led to high singlet oxygen quantum yields ([Formula: see text] 0.55–0.69).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia C. S. Gonzalez
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Damas
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rafael T. Aroso
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vanessa A. Tomé
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lucas D. Dias
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 13566-590, São Carlos — SP, Brazil
| | - João Pina
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M. B. Carrilho
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariette M. Pereira
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
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Al-Bahrani HA, Kareem MM, Kadhum AA, Alrazzak NA. Synthesis and Characterization of New Zinc Phthalocyanine - Dodecenyl Succinic Anhydride Benzoic Groups. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:488-495. [PMID: 32427085 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200519091950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phthalocyanines a series of compounds involves four iso-indole units linked by aza nitrogen atoms bonded with metal atoms that are normally located in the center a phthalocyanines ring. Some of the central metal-phthalocyanines can be excited by ultraviolet light and emit a fluorescence in far-red region. OBJECTIVE To synthesize a derivative of phthalocyanines namely 4,4',4' '-tri-(dodecenyl succinic anhydride)- 4' ' '-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine with a zinc central metal. MATERIALS AND METHODS The reaction of 4- nitro Phthalonitrile and 4- amino Phthalonitrile with ZnCl2 in the presence of dimethyl amino ethanol afforded 4,4',4' '-triamino-4' ' '-nitro zinc phthalocyanine. This product reacted with 5-amino salicylic acid to yield tetra-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine. A dodecenyl succinic anhydride was added on the amine group of benzoic rings to afford 4,4',4' '-tri-(dodecenyl succinic anhydride)-4' ' '-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine(I), the target compound. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Compound I is successfully synthesized with a yield of 72% from tetra-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine with dodecenyl succinic anhydride. CONCLUSION The newly synthesized molecule of 4,4',4' '-tri-(dodecenyl succinic anhydride)-4' ' '-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine (I), tetra-(5-amino salicylic acid) zinc phthalocyanine(E) and 4,4',4' '- triamino-4' ' '-nitro zinc phthalocyanine (S). The reaction of 4- nitro Phthalonitrile and 4- amino and the structure of compound I is confirmed and its formation was proven.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nour A Alrazzak
- Departmemt of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
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Sudhakara SM, Kotresh HMN, Devendrachari MC, Khan F. Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigation of Tetra Amino Cobalt (II) Phthalocyanine Functionalized Polyaniline Nanofiber for the Selective Detection of Dopamine. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fasiulla Khan
- Department of ChemistryManipal Institute of Technology, MAHE Manipal 576104
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17
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Palanna M, Mohammed I, Aralekallu S, Nemakal M, Sannegowda LK. Simultaneous detection of paracetamol and 4-aminophenol at nanomolar levels using biocompatible cysteine-substituted phthalocyanine. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05252f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extension of the conjugation and biocompatibility of the phthalocyanine molecule is expected to improve its stability and interaction with bio-molecules without any fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha Palanna
- Department of Studies in Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Imadadulla Mohammed
- Department of Studies in Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Shambhulinga Aralekallu
- Department of Studies in Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Manjunatha Nemakal
- Department of Studies in Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
| | - Lokesh Koodlur Sannegowda
- Department of Studies in Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry
- Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University
- Ballari-583105
- India
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18
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Bhattacharya S, Biswas C, Raavi SSK, Venkata Suman Krishna J, Koteshwar D, Giribabu L, Venugopal Rao S. Optoelectronic, femtosecond nonlinear optical properties and excited state dynamics of a triphenyl imidazole induced phthalocyanine derivative. RSC Adv 2019; 9:36726-36741. [PMID: 35539038 PMCID: PMC9075118 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07758h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel zinc phthalocyanine derivative [2(3), 9(10), 16(17), 23(24) tetrakis-4-((4-(1,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)ethynyl)phthalocyanine zinc(ii) (PBIPC)] was synthesized by incorporating a triphenyl imidazole moiety at its peripheral positions. The detailed mechanisms of absorption, emission, electrochemical, nonlinear optical (NLO) and photophysical (excited state dynamics) properties of PBIPC were explored. The absorption and emission properties of the compound were studied in different solvents. The incorporation of a triphenyl imidazole moiety at the peripheral position of the zinc phthalocyanine slightly broadened the Soret band. The emission studies revealed fluorescence quantum yields to be in the range of 0.11-0.22. The time-resolved fluorescence data established the radiative lifetimes to be in the nanosecond range. The oxidation and reduction processes were found to be ring centered, which were studied using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The energy optimized structures and HOMO-LUMO levels were calculated using DFT, TD-DFT analysis and were employed by means of hybrid functional theory (B3LYP) at 6-31G (d,p) basis set in the Gaussian 09 package. Two-photon absorption was observed in the NLO studies performed in the visible wavelength range of 600-800 nm while the nonlinear absorption was dominated by three- and four-photon absorption processes in the NIR wavelength range (1.0-1.5 μm). The molecule exhibited self-focusing behavior for all the wavelengths. Finally, the excited state dynamics of the title molecule PBIPC were investigated using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and the results obtained were understood on the basis of a simple three kinetic model, for excitation wavelengths of 400 nm (Soret band) and 650 nm (Q-band). Both the spectra demonstrated a broad positive transient absorption (TA) data which overlapped with the ground state bleach (GSB), which in turn displayed a red shift over a delay of ∼2 ns. The lifetimes revealed a possibility of intersystem crossing (τ > 1 ns) owing to the triplet state transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdatta Bhattacharya
- Advanced Center for Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad South Campus Hyderabad 500046 Telangana India
| | - Chinmoy Biswas
- Department of Physics, Ultrafast Photophysics and Photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Sai Santosh Kumar Raavi
- Department of Physics, Ultrafast Photophysics and Photonics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Jonnadula Venkata Suman Krishna
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
| | - Devulapally Koteshwar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Tarnaka Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg New Delhi 110001 India
| | - Soma Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Center for Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad South Campus Hyderabad 500046 Telangana India
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