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Singh V, Chauhan DK, Pandey R. Supramolecular Ni(II)-Selective Gel Assembly toward Construction of a Schottky Barrier Diode. ACS OMEGA 2025; 10:378-389. [PMID: 39829584 PMCID: PMC11740625 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 12/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
A mechanically stable and thermo-irreversible supramolecular Ni(II)-selective gel (MG) has been developed by utilizing the N,O-donor Schiff base (E)-1-((4-(diethylamino)phenylimino)-methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL) gelator and Et3N in binary THF:CH3OH (1:1) solutions at room temperature (rt). Metallogel MG has been characterized by spectral and analytical techniques, i.e., ESI-MS, FT-IR, NMR (1H & 13C), powder-XRD, FE-SEM, and rheological analysis. Further, noncovalent interactions responsible for the gelation mechanism have been illustrated with the aid of powder-XRD and FE-SEM analysis. The toughness, viscoelasticity, and flow behavior of MG were explored through rheological studies. Rheological and compressive measurements showed higher values of storage modulus and rigidity of MG; however, the flow property along with enrichment of toughness in MG can be an analytical metric for various engineering and industrial applications. Eventually, a Schottky barrier diode (SBD) was successfully constructed to mimic the functionality of MG-based metal-semiconductor (MS) junction devices for possible application in electrical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Singh
- National
Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, Srinagar (Garhwal) 246174, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Chauhan
- Institute
of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, India
| | - Rampal Pandey
- National
Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, Srinagar (Garhwal) 246174, India
- Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Bhopal 462003, Madhya Pradesh, India
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2
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Roy A, Dhibar S, Kumar S, Karmakar K, Garg P, Ruidas P, Bhattacharjee S, Bera A, Saha B, Ray SJ. A semiconducting supramolecular Co(II)-metallogel based resistive random access memory (RRAM) design with good endurance capabilities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:26848. [PMID: 39500967 PMCID: PMC11538287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74994-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/08/2024] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient approach for synthesizing a supramolecular metallogel of Co(II) ions, denoted as CoA-TA, has been established under room temperature and atmospheric pressure conditions. This method employs the metal-coordinating organic ligand benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid as a low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) in DMF solvent. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanical properties of the resulting supramolecular Co(II)-metallogel was conducted through rheological investigation, considering angular frequency and thixotropic study. The hierarchical rocky network structure of the supramolecular Co(II)-metallogel was unveiled using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis showed rod-shaped structures via low-magnification high angle annular dark field (HAADF) bright field scanning transmission electron microscopic (STEM) imaging, while energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mapping confirmed its primary chemical constituents. The formation mechanism of the metallogel was examined via fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. The nature of the synthesized CoA-TA metallogel was affirmed through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Furthermore, this study involved fabrication of Schottky diode structures in a metal-semiconductor-metal geometry based on cobalt(II) metallogel (CoA-TA), enabling observation of charge transport behavior. Remarkably, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device utilizing cobalt(II) metallohydrogel (CoA-TA) demonstrated bipolar resistive switching at room temperature and under ambient conditions. The switching mechanism was investigated, revealing the formation and rupture of conductive filaments between metal electrodes that govern the resistive switching behavior. This RRAM device exhibited an impressive ON/OFF ratio (~ 414) and exceptional endurance over 5000 switching cycles. These structures offer great potential for diverse applications such as non-volatile memory design, neuromorphic computing, flexible electronics and optoelectronics. Their advantages lie in their fabrication process, reliable resistive switching behavior and overall performance stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Saurav Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Parul Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, J&K-181221, India
| | - Pradip Ruidas
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, 713303, West Bengal, India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, 713303, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, J&K-181221, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India.
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar, 801106, India.
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3
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Saha D, Talukdar D, Pal I, Majumdar S, Lepcha G, Sadhu S, Yatirajula SK, Das G, Dey B. Mechanically Flexible Self-Healing Mg(II)-Metallogel: Approach of Triggering the ROS-Induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:19816-19829. [PMID: 39213656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
A self-assembly-directed thixotropic metallohydrogel (i.e., Mg-Tetrakis) of Mg(II)-metal salt and N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxy-ethyl)ethylenediamine (i.e., Tetrakis) was successfully achieved. The organic chemical component N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hydroxy-ethyl)ethylenediamine was used as a low-molecular-weight gelator, and water was employed as the gel-forming solvent. The fabricated supramolecular metallohydrogel promisingly depicted viscoelastic and mechanoelastic behaviors, which are interpreted through various rheological parameters. The thixotropic behavior of the metallohydrogel is also well characterized through this rheological study. Field emission scanning electron microscopy microstructural analyses were performed to visualize the morphological arrangements of the metallohydrogel. The anticancer properties of the synthesized metallogels are investigated through this work. The cytotoxic potential of the metallohydrogel on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line is critically examined. Reducing the growth of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 through the treatment of gel on the colony formation assay has been explored through the work. The antimigratory potential of the metallohydrogel on the MCF-7 cell was also scrutinized. The anticancer effect of the fabricated metallohydrogel is inspected through various assay formation strategies, like wound healing assay, tumor spheroid inhibition assay, nuclear fragmentation assay, and so on. Quantitative reactive oxygen species analysis of the cancer cells by treatment with the metallohydrogel was also conducted through this study. The mechanistic apoptosis study was executed by studying the expression of various apoptotic markers like BAX, BCL2, PUMA, and NOXA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Debojit Talukdar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Indrajit Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
- Department of Chemistry, Seacom Skills University, Kendradangal, Birbhum, Bolpur 731236, West Bengal, India
| | - Gerald Lepcha
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, Purba, Mednipur 721655, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajoy Sadhu
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Yatirajula
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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4
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Roy A, Dhibar S, Karmakar K, Bhattacharjee S, Saha B, Ray SJ. Development of a novel self-healing Zn(II)-metallohydrogel with wide bandgap semiconducting properties for non-volatile memory device application. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13109. [PMID: 38849385 PMCID: PMC11161586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
A rapid and effective strategy has been devised for the swift development of a Zn(II)-ion-based supramolecular metallohydrogel, termed Zn@PEH, using pentaethylenehexamine as a low molecular weight gelator. This process occurs in an aqueous medium at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The mechanical strength of the synthesized Zn@PEH metallohydrogel has been assessed through rheological analysis, considering angular frequency and oscillator stress dependencies. Notably, the Zn@PEH metallohydrogel exhibits exceptional self-healing abilities and can bear substantial loads, which have been characterized through thixotropic analysis. Additionally, this metallohydrogel displays injectable properties. The structural arrangement resembling pebbles within the hierarchical network of the supramolecular Zn@PEH metallohydrogel has been explored using FESEM and TEM measurements. EDX elemental mapping has confirmed the primary chemical constituents of the metallohydrogel. The formation mechanism of the metallohydrogel has been analyzed via FT-IR spectroscopy. Furthermore, zinc(II) metallohydrogel (Zn@PEH)-based Schottky diode structure has been fabricated in a lateral metal-semiconductor-metal configuration and it's charge transport behavior has also been studied. Notably, the zinc(II) metallohydrogel-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) device (Zn@PEH) demonstrates bipolar resistive switching behavior at room temperature. This RRAM device showcases remarkable switching endurance over 1000 consecutive cycles and a high ON/OFF ratio of approximately 270. Further, 2 × 2 crossbar array of the RRAM devices were designed to demonstrate OR and NOT logic circuit operations, which can be extended for performing higher order computing operations. These structures hold promise for applications in non-volatile memory design, neuromorphic and in-memory computing, flexible electronics, and optoelectronic devices due to their straightforward fabrication process, robust resistive switching behavior, and overall system stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801103, India
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, 713303, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801103, India.
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5
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Pal B, Majumdar S, Pal I, Lepcha G, Dey A, Ray PP, Dey B. Comparative outcomes of the voltage-dependent current density, charge transportation and rectification ratio of electronic devices fabricated using mechanically flexible supramolecular networks. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7912-7921. [PMID: 38639606 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report the synthetic method of two distinct supramolecular metallogels, namely Mn-BDA and Cd-BDA, using Mn(II) acetate tetrahydrate, Cd(II) acetate dihydrate and butane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (BDA). DMF, a polar aprotic solvent, was immobilized in both metallogel-networks for their synthesis. The metallogelation of Mn-BDA was successfully attained through the instant mixing of a Mn(II)-source and BDA in DMF solvent media. By applying ultrasonication, a Cd-BDA metallogel was prepared. The stoichiometry of gel-forming components concerning metal salts and the LMWG are accountable to obtain respective stable metallogels. Rheological parameters such as storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G'') explored the mechanical flexibility of the synthesized metallogels through amplitude and angular frequency sweep experiments. Both the metallogels possess significant mechanical stability, which was determined by monitoring diverse gel-to-sol transition shear strain values (γ%). Distinctive morphological visualizations of both of these metallogels (i.e., Mn-BDA and Cd-BDA) were made via field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) studies, demonstrating a fibrous inter-connected network with a hierarchical self-assembled arrangement for Mn(II)-based metallogels and a typical stacked-flake-like association with hierarchical motifs for Cd(II)-based metallogels. EDAX elemental mapping substantiated the presence of metallogel-forming agents such as individual metal acetate salts, BDA acting as a low-molecular weight gelator, and gel-immobilized solvents such as DMF. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ESI-mass spectroscopy were performed for both these supramolecular metallogels. FT-IR spectroscopic and ESI-mass spectroscopic results clearly substantiate the possible non-covalent supramolecular interactions among basic molecular repeating moieties, i.e., butane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (the low-molecular weight gelator), individual metal salts and gel-immobilized polar aprotic solvent DMF for the construction of distinct stable supramolecular metallogel-systems. The semiconducting property of the fabricated metallogels was investigated. Two Schottky diodes (SDs) composed of ITO/Cd-BDA/Al and ITO/Mn-BDA/Al in a sandwich pattern with Al serving as the metal electrode were fabricated. Both these metallogel-based devices effectively offer significant semiconducting diode features with non-linear J-V characteristics. The non-ohmic conduction protocol of the fabricated metallogel-based devices was explored. Mn-BDA and Cd-BDA metallogel-based fabricated devices have rectification ratios of 6.67 and 23.50, respectively. The gel-based diode performances were examined by observing the voltage-dependent current density, charge transportation and rectification ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Indrajit Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Gerald Lepcha
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Amiya Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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Dhibar S, Mohan A, Karmakar K, Mondal B, Roy A, Babu S, Garg P, Ruidas P, Bhattacharjee S, Roy S, Bera A, Ray SJ, Predeep P, Saha B. Novel supramolecular luminescent metallogels containing Tb(iii) and Eu(iii) ions with benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid gelator: advancing semiconductor applications in microelectronic devices. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12829-12840. [PMID: 38645531 PMCID: PMC11027726 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07903a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel strategy was employed to create supramolecular metallogels incorporating Tb(iii) and Eu(iii) ions using benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (TA) as a gelator in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Rheological analysis demonstrated their mechanical robustness under varying stress levels and angular frequencies. FESEM imaging revealed a flake-like hierarchical network for Tb-TA and a rod-shaped architecture for Eu-TA. EDX analysis confirmed essential chemical constituents within the metallogels. FT-IR, PXRD, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis assessed their gelation process and material properties, showing semiconducting characteristics, validated by optical band-gap measurements. Metal-semiconductor junction-based devices integrating Al metal with Tb(iii)- and Eu(iii)-metallogels exhibited non-linear charge transport akin to a Schottky diode, indicating potential for advanced electronic device development. Direct utilization of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid and Tb(iii)/Eu(iii) sources underscores their suitability as semiconducting materials for device fabrication. This study explores the versatile applications of Tb-TA and Eu-TA metallogels, offering insights for material science researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Aiswarya Mohan
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur 495009 Chhattisgarh India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | - Saranya Babu
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Parul Garg
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu J&K 181221 India
| | - Pradip Ruidas
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713303 West Bengal India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713303 West Bengal India
| | - Sanjay Roy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Netaji Subhas Open University, Kalyani Regional Centre Kolkata 741251 India
| | - Ashok Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu J&K 181221 India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar 801106 India
| | - Padmanabhan Predeep
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics (LAMP), Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut 673603 Kerala India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan 713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
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7
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Singh S, Sharma AK, Gade HM, Agarwal V, Nasani R, Verma N, Sharma B. Stimuli-responsive and self-healing supramolecular Zn(II)-guanosine metal-organic gel for Schottky barrier diode application. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1025-1035. [PMID: 38197513 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01405c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneous formation of a supramolecular metal-organic hydrogel using unsubstituted guanosine as a ligand and Zn2+ ions is reported. Guanosine, in the presence of NaOH, self-assembled into a stable G-quadruplex structure, which underwent crosslinking through Zn2+ ions to afford a stable hydrogel. The gel has been characterized using several spectroscopic as well as microscopic studies. The hydrogel demonstrated excellent stimuli responsiveness towards various chemicals and pH. Furthermore, the gel exhibited intrinsic thixotropic behavior and showed self-healing and injectable properties. The optical properties of the Zn-guanosine metallo-hydrogel suggested a semiconducting nature of the gel, which has been exploited for fabricating a thin film device based on a Schottky diode interface between metal and a semiconductor. The fabricated device shows excellent charge transport characteristics and linear rectifying behavior. The findings are likely to pave the way for newer research in the area of soft electronic devices fabricated using materials synthesized by employing simple biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Singh
- Materials Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017, India.
| | - Atul Kumar Sharma
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Hrushikesh M Gade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Vidhi Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Khandwa Road, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rajendar Nasani
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Nisha Verma
- Materials Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017, India.
| | - Bhagwati Sharma
- Materials Research Centre, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur 302017, India.
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8
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Dhibar S, Roy A, Sarkar T, Das P, Karmakar K, Bhattacharjee S, Mondal B, Chatterjee P, Sarkar K, Ray SJ, Saha B. Rapid Semiconducting Supramolecular Mg(II)-Metallohydrogel: Exploring Its Potential in Nonvolatile Resistive Switching Applications and Antiseptic Wound Healing Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:179-192. [PMID: 38112377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
An effective strategy was employed for the rapid development of a supramolecular metallohydrogel of Mg(II) ion (i.e., Mg@PEHA) using pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) as a low-molecular-weight gelator in aqueous medium under ambient conditions. The mechanical stability of the synthesized Mg@PEHA metallohydrogel was characterized by using rheological analysis, which showed its robustness across different angular frequencies and oscillator stress levels. The metallohydrogel exhibited excellent thixotropic behavior, which signifies that Mg@PEHA has a self-healing nature. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images were utilized to explore the rectangular pebble-like hierarchical network of the Mg@PEHA metallohydrogel. Elemental mapping through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of primary chemical constituents in the metallohydrogel. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectroscopy provided insights into the possible formation strategy of the metallohydrogel. In this work, Schottky diode structures in a metal-semiconductor-metal geometry based on a magnesium(II) metallohydrogel (Mg@PEHA) were constructed, and the charge transport behavior was observed. Additionally, a resistive random access memory (RRAM) device was developed using Mg@PEHA, which displayed bipolar resistive switching behavior at room temperature. The researchers investigated the switching mechanism, which involved the formation or rupture of conduction filaments, to gain insights into the resistive switching process. The RRAM device demonstrated excellent performance with a high ON/OFF ratio of approximately 100 and remarkable endurance of over 5000 switching cycles. RRAM devices exhibit good endurance, meaning they can endure a large number of read and write cycles without significant degradation in performance. RRAM devices have shown promising reliability in terms of long-term performance and stability, making them suitable for critical applications that require reliable memory solutions. Significant inhibitory activity against the drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia strain and its biofilm formation ability was demonstrated by Mg@PEHA. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of the metallohydrogel was determined to be 3 mg/mL when it was dissolved in 1% DMSO. To study the antibiofilm activity, an MTT assay was performed, revealing that biofilm inhibition (60%) commenced at 1 mg/mL of Mg@PEHA when dissolved in 1% DMSO. Moreover, in the mouse excisional wound model, Mg@PEHA played a crucial role in preventing postoperative wound infections and promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104 West Bengal, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Tuhin Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104 West Bengal, India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol 713303 West Bengal, India
| | - Bijnaneswar Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009 Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Priyajit Chatterjee
- University Science Instrumentation Centre, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104 West Bengal, India
| | - Keka Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104 West Bengal, India
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9
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Karmakar K, Roy A, Dhibar S, Majumder S, Bhattacharjee S, Rahaman SKM, Saha R, Chatterjee P, Ray SJ, Saha B. Exploration of a wide bandgap semiconducting supramolecular Mg(II)-metallohydrogel derived from an aliphatic amine: a robust resistive switching framework for brain-inspired computing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22318. [PMID: 38102201 PMCID: PMC10724216 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48936-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid metallohydrogelation strategy has been developed of magnesium(II)-ion using trimethylamine as a low molecular weight gelator in water medium at room temperature. The mechanical property of the synthesized metallohydrogel material is established through the rheological analysis. The nano-rose like morphological patterns of Mg(II)-metallohydrogel are characterized through field emission scanning electron microscopic study. The energy dispersive X-ray elemental mapping analysis confirms the primary gel forming elements of Mg(II)-metallohydrogel. The possible metallohydrogel formation strategy has been analyzed through FT-IR spectroscopic study. In this work, magnesium(II) metallohydrogel (Mg@TMA) based metal-semiconductor-metal structures have been developed and charge transport behaviour is studied. Here, it is confirmed that the magnesium(II) metallohydrogel (Mg@TMA) based resistive random access memory (RRAM) device is showing bipolar resistive switching behaviour at room temperature. We have also explored the mechanism of resistive switching behaviour using the formation (rupture) of conductive filaments between the metal electrodes. This RRAM devices exhibit excellent switching endurance over 10,000 switching cycles with a large ON/OFF ratio (~ 100). The easy fabrication techniques, robust resistive switching behaviour and stability of the present system makes these structures preferred candidate for applications in non-volatile memory design, neuromorphic computing, flexible electronics and optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| | - Shantanu Majumder
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, 713303, India
| | - S K Mehebub Rahaman
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Ratnakar Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Priyajit Chatterjee
- University Science Instrumentation Centre, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India.
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
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10
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Dhibar S, Pal S, Karmakar K, Hafiz SA, Bhattacharjee S, Roy A, Rahaman SKM, Ray SJ, Dam S, Saha B. Two novel low molecular weight gelator-driven supramolecular metallogels efficient in antimicrobial activity applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32842-32849. [PMID: 38025858 PMCID: PMC10630960 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05019j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A remarkable ultrasonication technique was successfully employed to create two novel metallogels using citric acid as a low molecular weight gelator, in combination with cadmium(ii)-acetate and mercury(ii)-acetate dissolved in N,N-dimethyl formamide at room temperature and under ambient conditions. The mechanical properties of the resulting Cd(ii)- and Hg(ii)-metallogels were rigorously examined through rheological analyses, which revealed their robust mechanical stability under varying angular frequencies and shear strains. Detailed characterization of the chemical constituents within these metallogels was accomplished through EDX mapping experiments, while microstructural features were visualized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. Additionally, FT-IR spectroscopic analysis was employed to elucidate the metallogel formation mechanism. Significantly, the antimicrobial efficacy of these novel metallogels was assessed against a panel of bacteria, including Gram-positive strains such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis, as well as Gram-negative species like Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity, highlighting the potential of Cd(ii) and Hg(ii)-based citric acid-mediated metallogels as effective agents against a broad spectrum of bacteria. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive exploration of the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of Cd(ii) and Hg(ii)-based citric acid-mediated metallogels, shedding light on their promising applications in combating both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections. These findings open up exciting prospects for the development of advanced materials with multifaceted industrial and biomedical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Suchetana Pal
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Sk Abdul Hafiz
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol-713303 West Bengal India
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol-713303 West Bengal India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar-801106 India
| | - S K Mehebub Rahaman
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna Bihar-801106 India
| | - Somasri Dam
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Burdwan Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
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11
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A novel citric acid facilitated supramolecular Zinc(II)-metallogel: Toward semiconducting device applications. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Dhibar S, Pal B, Karmakar K, Kundu S, Bhattacharjee S, Sahoo R, Mehebub Rahaman SK, Dey D, Pratim Ray P, Saha B. Exploring a supramolecular gel to
in‐situ
crystal fabrication from the low molecular weight gelators: a crystal engineering approach towards microelectronic device application. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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13
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Karmakar K, Dey A, Dhibar S, Sahu R, Bhattacharjee S, Karmakar P, Chatterjee P, Mondal A, Saha B. A novel supramolecular Zn(ii)-metallogel: an efficient microelectronic semiconducting device application. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2561-2569. [PMID: 36741164 PMCID: PMC9844075 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique strategy for the synthesis of a supramolecular metallogel employing zinc ions and adipic acid in DMF medium has been established at room temperature. Rheological analysis was used to investigate the mechanical characteristics of the supramolecular Zn(ii)-metallogel. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyse the hexagonal shape morphological features of the Zn(ii)-metallogel. Interestingly, the electrical conductivity is observed in the electronic device with Zn(ii)-metallogel based metal-semiconductor (MS) junctions. All aspects of the metallogel's electrical properties were investigated. The electrical conductivity of the metallogel-based thin film device was 7.38 × 10-5 S m-1. The synthesised Zn(ii)-metallogel based device was investigated for its semi-conductive properties, such as its Schottky barrier diode nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur-713209 West Bengal India
| | - Subhendu Dhibar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Plank-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Plank-Str. 1 40237 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University Asansol-713303 West Bengal India
| | - Priya Karmakar
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
| | - Priyajit Chatterjee
- University Science Instrumentation Centre, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India
| | - Aniruddha Mondal
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur-713209 West Bengal India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Colloid Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan-713104 West Bengal India +91 7001575909 +91 9476341691
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14
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Majumdar S, Pal B, Lepcha G, Sundar Das K, Pal I, Ray PP, Dey B. Establishment of different aliphatic amines-based rapid self-healing Mg(OH) 2 metallogels: exploring the morphology, rheology and intriguing semiconducting Schottky diode characteristics. NEW J CHEM 2023; 47:4752-4760. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj06029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
Different aliphatic-amine-based rapid self-healing Mg(ii)-metallogels have been established through exploring their morphology, rheology and intriguing semiconducting Schottky diode characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Gerald Lepcha
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Krishna Sundar Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Indrajit Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
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15
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A Transparent Self-Healable Multistimuli-Responsive novel Supramolecular Co(II)-Metallogel derived from Adipic Acid: Effective Hole Transport Layer for Polymer Solar Cells. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Dhibar S, Dey A, Dalal A, Bhattacharya S, Sahu R, Sahoo R, Mondal A, Mehebub Rahaman SK, Kundu S, Saha B. An Organic Acid consisted Multiresponsive Self-Healing Supramolecular Cu(II)-Metallogel: Fabrication and Analysis of semiconducting device. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Alam N, Majumder S, Ray SJ, Sarma D. A Wide Bandgap Semiconducting Magnesium Hydrogel: Moisture Harvest, Iodine Sequestration, and Resistive Switching. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10601-10610. [PMID: 35975563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water harvesting from the ubiquitous moisture is pivotal for delivering fresh water to earth's arid/semiarid regions, and sequestration of iodine from the solution is crucial for environmental safety due to its severe effect on human metabolic processes. In this context, herein, a multifunctional supramolecular metallohydrogel (Mg@TAEA) is synthesized through direct mixing of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and the low molecular weight gelator tris(2-aminoethyl)amine. Electron microscopy reveals that Mg@TAEA is sculptured in vertically grown well-oriented micrometer-sized flakes. The porous crystalline material (52 m2/g) was found to be an efficacious host matrix for water harvesting from moisture (847 mg/g). Mg@TAEA shows effective (513 mg/g) iodine sequestration from solution and adsorption of carbon dioxide (15 mg/g). The wide bandgap semiconducting Mg@TAEA (3.6 eV) material is a potential candidate for building memory devices, and the Ion/Ioff ratio of the device based on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/Mg@TAEA/Ag heterostructure was found to be ∼62. We further extended our work by analyzing the charge transport properties of the system and found space charge limited conduction (SCLC) and trap-filled SCLC to be responsible for the nonlinear transport behavior observed in the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noohul Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Shantanu Majumder
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - Debajit Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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18
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Majumdar S, Pal B, Sahu R, Das KS, Ray PP, Dey B. A croconate-directed supramolecular self-healable Cd(II)-metallogel with dispersed 2D-nanosheets of hexagonal boron nitride: a comparative outcome of the charge-transport phenomena and non-linear rectifying behaviour of semiconducting diodes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9007-9016. [PMID: 35638739 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01206e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of croconic acid disodium salt (CADS) as an organic gelator with Cd(II) salt to obtain an efficient soft-scaffold supramolecular self-healable metallogel (Cd-CADS) in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) media was investigated following an ultrasonication technique. The experimentally scrutinized rheological values of the fabricated metallogel not only revealed the visco-elastic property and mechanical stiffness, but also exposed the self-healable behaviour of the gel material. Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) were incorporated within the gel network to obtain a 2D nanosheet dispersed metallogel of Cd(II) croconate (h-BN@Cd-CADS). The microstructural investigations of the original gel network and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) 2D nanosheet dispersed gel-network were performed through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and established the interconnecting rod-like fibrous type morphological patterns and inter-connected hexagonal type rod-shaped architecture pattern, respectively. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to visualize the morphological distinction of the Cd-CADS metallogel with the h-BN 2D nanosheets. The infrared spectral (FT-IR) outputs helped to identify the formation pathway to construct the semi-solid self-healing flexible metallogel and h-BN 2D nanosheet dispersed metallogel nanocomposite, respectively. Fascinating electronic-charge transportation was revealed in the as-fabricated Cd-CADS and h-BN@Cd-CADS metallogel-based devices. Furthermore, h-BN 2D-nanosheet-directed modulation of the non-linear rectifying feature of the supramolecular Cd-CADS-metallogel was observed, with the h-BN@Cd-CADS metallogel showing a greater rectifying property, implying that it has a higher conductivity compared to the Cd-CADS metallogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
| | - Baishakhi Pal
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Krishna Sundar Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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19
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Majumdar S, Ray PP, Sahu R, Dey A, Dey B. Strategic fabrication of efficient photo-responsive semiconductor electronic diode-devices by Bovine Serum Albumin protein-based Cu(II)-metallohydrogel scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:287-293. [PMID: 34896152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bovine Serum Albumin protein-based two fascinating functional self-healing Cu(II) metallohydrogel scaffolds (MD1 and MD2) have been studied for the development of metal-semiconductor junction based Schottky diode device. Multiple metal-semiconductor (MS) junction devices, offering the sandwich-like configuration of Indium tin oxide (ITO)/ metallogel/Aluminium (Al), have been made-up to investigate the electrical properties of the synthesized metallohydrogel materials. Optical characterizations including optical band gap measurement have been carried out using Tauc's equation for both the metallohydrogels. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of just made-up devices are studied under irradiation and non- irradiation conditions to explore the electrical features through investigating the charge transport phenomenon. The electrical conductivity gets estimated as 3.13 × 10-5 S.m-1 and 2.69 × 10-5 S.m-1 for MD1 and MD2 under dark condition, and 11.06 × 10-5 S.m-1 and 5.99 × 10-5 S.m-1 for MD1 and MD2, respectively, in photo-irradiation. The measured optical and electrical properties of MD1 and MD2 metallohydrogels are thoroughly investigated and the data indicates that MD1 and MD2 metallohyrogels are semiconducting in nature with excellent photo-responsive behaviour. Moreover, the representative I - V characteristic of the MD1 and MD2 metallohydrogels at both irradiation and non-irradiation conditions represents the nonlinear rectifying behaviour, a typical signature for Schottky diode (SD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | | | - Rajib Sahu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India.
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20
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Dhibar S, Ojha SK, Mohan A, Prabhakaran SPC, Bhattacharjee S, Karmakar K, Karmakar P, Predeep P, Ojha AK, Saha B. A multistimulus-responsive self-healable supramolecular copper( ii)-metallogel derived from l-(+) tartaric acid: an efficient Schottky barrier diode. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03086a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A low molecular weight gelator l-(+) tartaric acid- based self-healing supramolecular Cu(ii)-metallogel offers an electronic device of Schottky barrier diode at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurav Kumar Ojha
- Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj-211004, India
| | - Aiswarya Mohan
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673603, Kerala, India
| | | | - Subham Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol-713303, West Bengal, India
| | - Kripasindhu Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Priya Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Padmanabhan Predeep
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics and Electronics, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673603, Kerala, India
| | - Animesh Kumar Ojha
- Department of Physics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj-211004, India
| | - Bidyut Saha
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713104, West Bengal, India
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21
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Electronic charge transport phenomena directed smart fabrication of Metal-Semiconductor based electronic junction device by a supramolecular Mn(II)-Metallogel. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Das P, Majumdar S, Dey A, Mandal S, Mondal A, Chakrabarty S, Ray PP, Dey B. 4,4′-Bipyridine-based Ni( ii)-metallogel for fabricating a photo-responsive Schottky barrier diode device. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01629f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
4,4′-Bipyridine-based Ni(ii)-metallogel has been implemented to execute a light-responsive semiconducting Schottky barrier diode device with advanced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pubali Das
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Sourav Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Atish Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Sinchan Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Partha Pratim Ray
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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23
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Alam N, Sarma D. A thixotropic supramolecular metallogel with a 2D sheet morphology: iodine sequestration and column based dye separation. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10620-10627. [PMID: 33079107 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00959h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sequestration of hazardous radioactive iodine and dye separation to reduce industrial waste through reutilization is pivotal for environmental safety. In this regard, herein, the synthesis of a new waterborne ultrasensitive supramolecular metallogel (Mg@DEOA) with a 2D sheet morphology is accomplished through direct mixing of a low molecular weight gelator diethanolamine and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate. This porous metallogel (180 m2 g-1) exhibits thixotropic properties and is injectable. The material was found to be an effective (587 mg g-1) host matrix for iodine sequestration from solution. Moreover, the Mg@DEOA xerogel was used to efficiently remove rhodamine B from a mixture of dyes with high separation factors through a xerogel packed column and as an adsorbent material for water-soluble dyes and CO. This column based application demonstrated by the metallogel could be useful for practical industrial dye-separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noohul Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Bihar 801106, India.
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24
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Dhibar S, Dey A, Majumdar S, Dey A, Ray PP, Dey B. Organic-Acid-Mediated Luminescent Supramolecular Tb(III)-metallogel Applied in an Efficient Photosensitive Electronic Device with Excellent Charge Transport Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b06032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Arka Dey
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Amiya Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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25
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Dhibar S, Dey A, Ghosh D, Majumdar S, Dey A, Ray PP, Dey B. Triethylenetetramine-Based Semiconducting Fe(III) Metallogel: Effective Catalyst for Aryl-S Coupling. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2680-2689. [PMID: 32095691 PMCID: PMC7033679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A fascinating way to originate a mechanically stable metallogel of ferric ions with metal-coordinating organic ligand triethylenetetramine through direct mixing of their water solutions in a stoichiometric ratio is achieved under ambient conditions. The rheological study established the mechanical property of the Fe(III) metallogel. A cashew-shaped microstructure of the metallogel was observed by FESEM analysis. The electrical property of the Fe(III) metallogel was also carefully scrutinized. The semiconducting features like the Schottky barrier diode property of the Fe(III) metallogel were explored. The catalytic role of the Fe(III) metallogel was also critically explored. The Fe(III) metallogel shows an excellent catalytic property toward the synthesis of aryl thioethers via a C-S coupling reaction under mild reaction conditions without the use of any organic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Dhibar
- Department
of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Arka Dey
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics and Material Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sec. III, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department
of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Debasish Ghosh
- Department
of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Santanu Majumdar
- Department
of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Amiya Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
| | | | - Biswajit Dey
- Department
of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731235, India
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