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Tavangar A, Premnath P, Tan B, Venkatakrishnan K. Antifouling nanoplatform for controlled attachment of E. coli. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045019. [PMID: 38772388 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad4e87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Biofouling is the most common cause of bacterial contamination in implanted materials/devices resulting in severe inflammation, implant mobilization, and eventual failure. Since bacterial attachment represents the initial step toward biofouling, developing synthetic surfaces that prevent bacterial adhesion is of keen interest in biomaterials research. In this study, we develop antifouling nanoplatforms that effectively impede bacterial adhesion and the consequent biofilm formation. We synthesize the antifouling nanoplatform by introducing silicon (Si)/silica nanoassemblies to the surface through ultrafast ionization of Si substrates. We assess the effectiveness of these nanoplatforms in inhibitingEscherichia coli(E. coli) adhesion. The findings reveal a significant reduction in bacterial attachment on the nanoplatform compared to untreated silicon, with bacteria forming smaller colonies. By manipulating physicochemical characteristics such as nanoassembly size/concentration and nanovoid size, we further control bacterial attachment. These findings suggest the potential of our synthesized nanoplatform in developing biomedical implants/devices with improved antifouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Tavangar
- Department of Mathematics, Research Skills and Analysis, Humber College Institute of Technology, 205 Humber College Boulevard, Toronto, ON M9W 5L7, Canada
| | - Priyatha Premnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin, 3200 North Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI 53211, United States of America
| | - Bo Tan
- Nanocharacterization Laboratory, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 36 Queen Street East, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Krishnan Venkatakrishnan
- Ultrashort Laser Nanomanufacturing Research Facility, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 36 Queen Street East, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
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2
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Gunaratnam G, Leisering R, Wieland B, Dudek J, Miosge N, Becker SL, Bischoff M, Dawson SC, Hannig M, Jacobs K, Klotz C, Aebischer T, Jung P. Characterization of a unique attachment organelle: Single-cell force spectroscopy of Giardia duodenalis trophozoites. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7145-7153. [PMID: 38502112 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The unicellular parasite Giardia duodenalis is the causative agent of giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease with global spread. In its trophozoite form, G. duodenalis can adhere to the human intestinal epithelium and a variety of other, artificial surfaces. Its attachment is facilitated by a unique microtubule-based attachment organelle, the so-called ventral disc. The mechanical function of the ventral disc, however, is still debated. Earlier studies postulated that a dynamic negative pressure under the ventral disc, generated by persistently beating flagella, mediates the attachment. Later studies suggested a suction model based on structural changes of the ventral discs, substrate clutching or grasping, or unspecific contact forces. In this study, we aim to contribute to the understanding of G. duodenalis attachment by investigating detachment characteristics and determining adhesion forces of single trophozoites on a smooth glass surface (RMS = 1.1 ± 0.2 nm) by fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM)-based single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS). Briefly, viable adherent trophozoites were approached with a FluidFM micropipette, immobilized to the micropipette aperture by negative pressure, and detached from the surface by micropipette retraction while retract force curves were recorded. These force curves displayed novel and so far undescribed characteristics for a microorganism, namely, gradual force increase on the pulled trophozoite, with localization of adhesion force shortly before cell detachment length. Respective adhesion forces reached 7.7 ± 4.2 nN at 1 μm s-1 pulling speed. Importantly, this unique force pattern was different from that of other eukaryotic cells such as Candida albicans or oral keratinocytes, considered for comparison in this study. The latter both displayed a force pattern with force peaks of different values or force plateaus (for keratinocytes) indicative of breakage of molecular bonds of cell-anchored classes of adhesion molecules or membrane components. Furthermore, the attachment mode of G. duodenalis trophozoites was mechanically resilient to tensile forces, when the pulling speeds were raised up to 10 μm s-1 and adhesion forces increased to 28.7 ± 10.5 nN. Taken together, comparative SCSF revealed novel and unique retract force curve characteristics for attached G. duodenalis, suggesting a ligand-independent suction mechanism, that differ from those of other well described eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gubesh Gunaratnam
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Ricarda Leisering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit 16 Mycotic and Parasitic Agents and Mycobacteria, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ben Wieland
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Nicolai Miosge
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sören L Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Scott C Dawson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Max Planck School, Matter to Life, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Klotz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit 16 Mycotic and Parasitic Agents and Mycobacteria, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Toni Aebischer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit 16 Mycotic and Parasitic Agents and Mycobacteria, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Jung
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Wen G, Zhang Y, Xie S, Dong W. The influence of two distinct surface modification techniques on the clinical efficacy of titanium implants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101855. [PMID: 38582353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of anodized and sandblasted large-grit acid-etched surface modification implants in clinical applications. METHODS This systematic review has been registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023423656). A systematic search was performed using seven databases. The meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.4 program and Stata 17.0 software. An analysis of the risk of bias in the included studies was conducted using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of 16 studies, which collectively encompassed a total of 2768 implants, was finished. Following a five years follow-up, the meta-analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate of implants was lower in the anodized group compared to the sandblasted large-grit acid-etched group (RR, 3.47; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 9.81; P = 0.02). Furthermore, the anodized group and the sandblasted large-grit acid-etched group had similar marginal bone loss over the one to three years follow-up period. However, it was observed that the marginal bone loss increased at the five years follow-up period in the anodized group in comparison to the sandblasted large-grit acid-etched group (SMD, 2.98; 95 % CI, 0.91 to 5.06; P = 0.005). In terms of biological complications, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth, we found no statistically significant differences between the anodized and sandblasted large-grit acid-etched group. CONCLUSIONS The sandblasted large-grit acid-etched group exhibited higher implants cumulative survival rate and less marginal bone loss compared to the anodized group. Moreover, both groups demonstrated similar incidences of biological complications, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth, suggesting overall equivalence in these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochen Wen
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Shanen Xie
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Wei Dong
- School of Stomatology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China.
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Wood J, Bright R, Palms D, Barker D, Vasilev K. Damage Behavior with Atomic Force Microscopy on Anti-Bacterial Nanostructure Arrays. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:253. [PMID: 38334525 PMCID: PMC10857006 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The atomic force microscope is a versatile tool for assessing the topography, friction, and roughness of a broad spectrum of surfaces, encompassing anti-bacterial nanostructure arrays. Measuring and comparing all these values with one instrument allows clear comparisons of many nanomechanical reactions and anomalies. Increasing nano-Newton-level forces through the cantilever tip allows for the testing and measuring of failure points, damage behavior, and functionality under unfavorable conditions. Subjecting a grade 5 titanium alloy to hydrothermally etched nanostructures while applying elevated cantilever tip forces resulted in the observation of irreversible damage through atomic force microscopy. Despite the damage, a rough and non-uniform morphology remained that may still allow it to perform in its intended application as an anti-bacterial implant surface. Utilizing an atomic force microscope enables the evaluation of these surfaces before their biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wood
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia;
| | - Richard Bright
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Dennis Palms
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Dan Barker
- Corin Australia, Sydney, NSW 2153, Australia;
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
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Le KCM, Tran ATQ, Vu MP, Duong PVQ, Nguyen KT. Preventing Static Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus on Different Types of Surfaces Using Microbubbles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1698-1706. [PMID: 38198688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial fouling and biofilm formation on surfaces have been ongoing problems in real life as well as in the medical field. Different approaches have been taken to tackle the issues, from costly surface modification to antibiotic-delivering strategies. In this study, we examined the potential of using stabilized microbubbles (MBs) to shield against bacterial adhesion. Three types of surfaces were tested: hydrophilic glass (hydrophilic surface), neutral hydrophobic polystyrene (PS)-coated surfaces, and negatively charged hydrophobic octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-coated surfaces. By evaluating the colony-forming unit (CFU) values from each surface, MBs stabilized by 0.05 mM SDS were shown to only produce significant reduction of Staphylococcus aureus adhesion on PS surfaces, up to 60.29 and 82.32% compared to no-MB PS surfaces, and no-MB uncoated surfaces, correspondingly, due to the appropriate size, stability, and negative charges of the MB shielding layer. On the other hand, OTS coatings had an intrinsic antiadhesion effect (69.83% compared to uncoated surface), given that the negatively charged OTS-aqueous interface or surface porosity nature of the coating prohibited the attachment of MBs, leading to the elimination of the antifouling effect of MBs. Ultimately, MBs gave better shielding results than surface modification when compared to uncoated surfaces and hence can be applied more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoa C M Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh T Q Tran
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Mai P Vu
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong V Q Duong
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Khoi T Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
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6
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Spengler C, Maikranz E, Glatz B, Klatt MA, Heintz H, Bischoff M, Santen L, Fery A, Jacobs K. The adhesion capability of Staphylococcus aureus cells is heterogeneously distributed over the cell envelope. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:484-494. [PMID: 37842771 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01045g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and controlling microbial adhesion is a critical challenge in biomedical research, given the profound impact of bacterial infections on global health. Many facets of bacterial adhesion, including the distribution of adhesion forces across the cell wall, remain poorly understood. While a recent 'patchy colloid' model has shed light on adhesion in Gram-negative Escherichia coli cells, a corresponding model for Gram-positive cells has been elusive. In this study, we employ single cell force spectroscopy to investigate the adhesion force of Staphylococcus aureus. Normally, only one contact point of the entire bacterial surface is measured. However, by using a sine-shaped surface and recording force-distance curves along a path perpendicular to the rippled structures, we can characterize almost a hemisphere of one and the same bacterium. This unique approach allows us to study a greater number of contact points between the bacterium and the surface compared to conventional flat substrata. Distributed over the bacterial surface, we identify sites of higher and lower adhesion, which we call 'patchy adhesion', reminiscent of the patchy colloid model. The experimental results show that only some cells exhibit particularly strong adhesion at certain locations. To gain a better understanding of these locations, a geometric model of the bacterial cell surface was created. The experimental results were best reproduced by a model that features a few (5-6) particularly strong adhesion sites (diameter about 250 nm) that are widely distributed over the cell surface. Within the simulated patches, the number of molecules or their individual adhesive strength is increased. A more detailed comparison shows that simple geometric considerations for interacting molecules are not sufficient, but rather strong angle-dependent molecule-substratum interactions are required. We discuss the implications of our results for the development of new materials and the design and analysis of future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Spengler
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Erik Maikranz
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernhard Glatz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Physics of Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Andreas Klatt
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Jadwin Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544-0001, USA
| | - Hannah Heintz
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Insitute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ludger Santen
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Physics of Polymers, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Physical Chemistry of Polymer Materials, Technical University Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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7
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Tajik E, Vaezi Z, Tabarsa M, Hekmat A, Naderi-Manesh H. Grafting of sinapic acid onto glucosamine nanoparticle as a potential therapeutic drug with enhanced anti-inflammatory activities in osteoarthritis treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127454. [PMID: 37844822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine (Glu) is a cartilage and joint fluid matrix precursor that modulates osteoarthritic joint changes. To improve the enzymatic stability, glucosamine was developed into nanoglucosamine by the ionic gelation method through sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as cross-linking agent. The optimized mass ratio of Glu:TPP was (3:1) with the particle size 163 ± 25 nm and surface charge -5 mV. Then Sinapic acid (SA) as a natural phenolic acid with strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities has been grafted onto glucosamine nanoparticles (GluNPs) with grafting efficiency (73 ± 6 %). The covalent insertion of SA was confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR, 1HNMR, XRD, and FESEM analyses and the other physicochemical properties were also characterized. SA-g-GluNPs showed spherical shape with a mean diameter of 255 ± 20 nm and zeta potential +16 mV. The in vitro release profile of SA-g-GluNPs exhibited the sustained and pH-dependent drug release property. SA-g-GluNPs had a more pronounced effect on reducing the elevated levels of LPS-induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines than free SA in the human chondrocyte C28/I2 cell line. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus were also improved by SA-g-GluNPs. This study demonstrated the potential of phenolic acid grafted GluNPs in therapeutic drug applications for chondroprotection and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehteram Tajik
- Department of Biophysics, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vaezi
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Tabarsa
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hekmat
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | - Hossein Naderi-Manesh
- Department of Bioactive Compounds, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Postal codes: 14115-154 Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Roy A, Patil D, Yarlagadda PKDV, Chatterjee K. Cooperative stiffening of flexible high aspect ratio nanostructures impart mechanobactericidal activity to soft substrates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:2127-2138. [PMID: 37703682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how bacteria interact with surfaces with micrometer and/or sub-micrometer roughness is critical for developing antibiofouling and bactericidal topographies. A primary research focus in this field has been replicating and emulating bioinspired nanostructures on various substrates to investigate their mechanobactericidal potential. Yet, reports on polymer substrates, especially with very high aspect ratios, have been rare, despite their widespread use in our daily lives. Specifically, the role of a decrease in stiffness with an increase in the aspect ratio of nanostructures may be consequential for the mechanobactericidal mechanism, which is biophysical in nature. Therefore, this work reports on generating bioinspired high aspect ratio nanostructures on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces to study and elucidate their antibacterial and antibiofouling properties. Biomimetic nanotopographies with variable aspect ratios were generated via maskless dry etching of PET in oxygen plasma. It was found that both high and low-aspect ratio structures effectively neutralized Gram-negative bacterial contamination by imparting damage to their membranes but were unable to inactivate Gram-positive cells. Notably, the clustering of the soft, flexible tall nanopillars resulted in cooperative stiffening, as revealed by the nanomechanical behavior of the nanostructures and validated with the help of finite element simulations. Moreover, external capillary forces augmented the killing efficiency by enhancing the strain on the bacterial cell wall. Finally, experimental and computational investigation of the durability of the nanostructured surfaces showed that the structures were robust enough to withstand forces encountered in daily life. Our results demonstrate the potential of the single-step dry etching method for the fabrication of mechanobactericidal topographies and their potential in a wide variety of applications to minimize bacterial colonization of soft substrates like polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindo Roy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Deepak Patil
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India; Department of Production Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620015, India
| | | | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, CV Raman Road, Bengaluru 560012, India.
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Gomes M, Teixeira-Santos R, Gomes LC, Sousa-Cardoso F, Carvalho FM, Tomé AR, Soares OSGP, Whitehead KA, Mergulhão FJ. Antibiofilm Effect of Nitric Acid-Functionalized Carbon Nanotube-Based Surfaces against E. coli and S. aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1620. [PMID: 37998822 PMCID: PMC10668832 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified carbon nanotubes are recognized as effective materials for tackling bacterial infections. In this study, pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (p-MWCNTs) were functionalized with nitric acid (f-MWCNTs), followed by thermal treatment at 600 °C, and incorporated into a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrix. The materials' textural properties were evaluated, and the roughness and morphology of MWCNT/PDMS composites were assessed using optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The antibiofilm activity of MWCNT/PDMS surfaces was determined by quantifying culturable Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after 24 h of biofilm formation. Additionally, the antibacterial mechanisms of MWCNT materials were identified by flow cytometry, and the cytotoxicity of MWCNT/PDMS composites was tested against human kidney (HK-2) cells. The results revealed that the antimicrobial activity of MWCNTs incorporated into a PDMS matrix can be efficiently tailored through nitric acid functionalization, and it can be increased by up to 49% in the absence of surface carboxylic groups in f-MWCNT samples heated at 600 °C and the presence of redox activity of carbonyl groups. MWCNT materials changed the membrane permeability of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, while they only induced the production of ROS in Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, the synthesized composites did not impact HK-2 cell viability, confirming the biocompatibility of MWCNT composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Gomes
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Luciana C. Gomes
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Francisca Sousa-Cardoso
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fábio M. Carvalho
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Andreia R. Tomé
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Olívia S. G. P. Soares
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
- LSRE-LCM—Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Kathryn A. Whitehead
- Microbiology at Interfaces Group, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Filipe J. Mergulhão
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; (M.G.); (R.T.-S.); (L.C.G.); (F.S.-C.); (F.M.C.); (A.R.T.)
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
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10
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Patil D, Golia V, Overland M, Stoller M, Chatterjee K. Mechanobactericidal Nanotopography on Nitrile Surfaces toward Antimicrobial Protective Gear. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:227-233. [PMID: 36706309 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have much to learn from other living organisms when it comes to engineering strategies to combat bacterial infections. This study describes the fabrication of cicada wing-inspired nanotopography on commercially pure (CP) nitrile sheets and nitrile gloves for medical use using the reactive ion etching (RIE) technique. Antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa was tested using two different surface morphologies. It was observed that the etched nitrile surfaces effectively minimized bacterial colonization by inducing membrane damage. Our findings demonstrate a single-step dry etching method for creating mechanobactericidal topographies on nitrile-based surfaces. These findings have utility in designing next-generation personal protective gear in the clinical setting and for many other important applications in the age of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Patil
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Vibhanshu Golia
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Maya Overland
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marshall Stoller
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, C.V. Raman Avenue, Bengaluru 560012, India
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11
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Vieira A, Rodríguez-Lorenzo L, Leonor IB, Reis RL, Espiña B, Dos Santos MB. Innovative Antibacterial, Photocatalytic, Titanium Dioxide Microstructured Surfaces Based on Bacterial Adhesion Enhancement. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:754-764. [PMID: 36696391 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial colonization and biofilm formation are found on nearly all wet surfaces, representing a serious problem for both human healthcare and industrial applications, where traditional treatments may not be effective. Herein, we describe a synergistic approach for improving the performance of antibacterial surfaces based on microstructured surfaces that embed titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). The surfaces were designed to enhance bacteria entrapment, facilitating their subsequent eradication by a combination of UVC disinfection and TiO2 NPs photocatalysis. The efficacy of the engineered TiO2-modified microtopographic surfaces was evaluated using three different designs, and it was found that S2-lozenge and S3-square patterns had a higher concentration of trapped bacteria, with increases of 70 and 76%, respectively, compared to flat surfaces. Importantly, these surfaces showed a significant reduction (99%) of viable bacteria after just 30 min of irradiation with UVC 254 nm light at low intensity, being sixfold more effective than flat surfaces. Overall, our results showed that the synergistic effect of combining microstructured capturing surfaces with the chemical functionality of TiO2 NPs paves the way for developing innovative and efficient antibacterial surfaces with numerous potential applications in the healthcare and biotechnology market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vieira
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
| | - Isabel B Leonor
- 3B's Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães4805-017, Barco, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's─PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães4805-017, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University of Minho, Guimarães4805-017, Barco, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's─PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães4805-017, Portugal
| | - Begoña Espiña
- INL─International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga4715-330, Portugal
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12
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Assessment of the Antibiofilm Performance of Chitosan-Based Surfaces in Marine Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314647. [PMID: 36498973 PMCID: PMC9741481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine biofouling is a natural process often associated with biofilm formation on submerged surfaces, creating a massive economic and ecological burden. Although several antifouling paints have been used to prevent biofouling, growing ecological concerns emphasize the need to develop new and environmentally friendly antifouling approaches such as bio-based coatings. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer that has been widely used due to its outstanding biological properties, including non-toxicity and antimicrobial activity. This work aims to produce and characterize poly (lactic acid) (PLA)-CS surfaces with CS of different molecular weight (Mw) at different concentrations for application in marine paints. Loligo opalescens pens, a waste from the fishery industry, were used as a CS source. The antimicrobial activity of the CS and CS-functionalized surfaces was assessed against Cobetia marina, a model proteobacterium for marine biofouling. Results demonstrate that CS targets the bacterial cell membrane, and PLA-CS surfaces were able to reduce the number of culturable cells up to 68% compared to control, with this activity dependent on CS Mw. The antifouling performance was corroborated by Optical Coherence Tomography since PLA-CS surfaces reduced the biofilm thickness by up to 36%, as well as the percentage and size of biofilm empty spaces. Overall, CS coatings showed to be a promising approach to reducing biofouling in marine environments mimicked in this work, contributing to the valorization of fishing waste and encouraging further research on this topic.
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13
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Hypoxia-sensitive adjuvant loaded liposomes enhance the antimicrobial activity of azithromycin via phospholipase-triggered releasing for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms eradication. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121910. [PMID: 35710071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Robust biofilms and the complex airway environment with thick sputum, local hypoxia and persistent inflammation induce the intractability of chronic pulmonary infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Herein, we proposed a type of antibiotic-adjuvant liposomes (NANO@PS-LPs), co-incorporating azithromycin (AZI), adjuvant (2-nitroimidazole derivative, 6-NIH) and biofilm dispersant (nitric oxide donor, DETA NONOate). NANO@PS-LPs possessing negatively-charged surface and good hydrophilicity could easily penetrate through the sputum layer, then disassembled triggered by overexpressed phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the microenvironment around biofilms. Nitric oxide produced by DETA NONOate promoted P. aeruginosa biofilms dispersal. 6-NIH was reduced to 2-aminomidazole derivative (6-AIH) under a hypoxic condition, and hence acted as an AZI adjuvant to enhance the antibacterial activity of AZI. It was found that NANO@PS-LPs could significantly eliminate mature P. aeruginosa biofilms, effectively kill dispersed bacteria, inhibit the metabolism of survivors and prevent P. aeruginosa adherence to airway epithelial cells, accordingly restrain recurrent infections. Additionally, NANO@PS-LPs performed a remarkable advantage in killing AZI-resistant P. aeruginosa and removing their biofilms. In summary, NANO@PS-LPs present a potential nano-strategy to treat stubborn pseudomonal pulmonary infections and overcome correlative drug resistance.
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14
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Doll PW, Doll K, Winkel A, Thelen R, Ahrens R, Stiesch M, Guber AE. Influence of the Available Surface Area and Cell Elasticity on Bacterial Adhesion Forces on Highly Ordered Silicon Nanopillars. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:17620-17631. [PMID: 35664577 PMCID: PMC9161423 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Initial bacterial adhesion to solid surfaces is influenced by a multitude of different factors, e.g., roughness and stiffness, topography on the micro- and nanolevel, as well as chemical composition and wettability. Understanding the specific influences and possible interactive effects of all of these factors individually could lead to guidance on bacterial adhesion and prevention of unfavorable consequences like medically relevant biofilm formation. On this way, the aim of the present study was to identify the specific influence of the available surface area on the adhesion of clinically relevant bacterial strains with different membrane properties: Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. As model surfaces, silicon nanopillar specimens with different spacings were fabricated using electron beam lithography and cryo-based reactive ion etching techniques. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement revealed almost defect-free highly ordered nanotopographies only varying in the available surface area. Bacterial adhesion forces to these specimens were quantified by means of single-cell force spectroscopy exploiting an atomic force microscope connected to a microfluidic setup (FluidFM). The nanotopographical features reduced bacterial adhesion strength by reducing the available surface area. In addition, the strain-specific interaction in detail depended on the bacterial cell's elasticity and deformability as well. Analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, the obtained results on bacterial adhesion forces could be linked to the subsequent biofilm formation on the different topographies. By combining two cutting-edge technologies, it could be demonstrated that the overall bacterial adhesion strength is influenced by both the simple physical interaction with the underlying nanotopography and its available surface area as well as the deformability of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. Doll
- Institute
of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Katharina Doll
- Department
of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower
Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Winkel
- Department
of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower
Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Richard Thelen
- Institute
of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ralf Ahrens
- Institute
of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Meike Stiesch
- Department
of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Lower
Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas E. Guber
- Institute
of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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15
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Mischo J, Faidt T, McMillan RB, Dudek J, Gunaratnam G, Bayenat P, Holtsch A, Spengler C, Müller F, Hähl H, Bischoff M, Hannig M, Jacobs K. Hydroxyapatite Pellets as Versatile Model Surfaces for Systematic Adhesion Studies on Enamel: A Force Spectroscopy Case Study. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1476-1485. [PMID: 35263544 PMCID: PMC9007113 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Research into materials for medical application draws inspiration from naturally occurring or synthesized surfaces, just like many other research directions. For medical application of materials, particular attention has to be paid to biocompatibility, osseointegration, and bacterial adhesion behavior. To understand their properties and behavior, experimental studies with natural materials such as teeth are strongly required. The results, however, may be highly case-dependent because natural surfaces have the disadvantage of being subject to wide variations, for instance in their chemical composition, structure, morphology, roughness, and porosity. A synthetic surface which mimics enamel in its performance with respect to bacterial adhesion and biocompatibility would, therefore, facilitate systematic studies much better. In this study, we discuss the possibility of using hydroxyapatite (HAp) pellets to simulate the surfaces of teeth and show the possibility and limitations of using a model surface. We performed single-cell force spectroscopy with single Staphylococcus aureus cells to measure adhesion-related parameters such as adhesion force and rupture length of cell wall proteins binding to HAp and enamel. We also examine the influence of blood plasma and saliva on the adhesion properties of S. aureus. The results of these measurements are matched to water wettability, elemental composition of the samples, and the change in the macromolecules adsorbed over time on the surface. We found that the adhesion properties of S. aureus were similar on HAp and enamel samples under all conditions: Significant decreases in adhesion strength were found equally in the presence of saliva or blood plasma on both surfaces. We therefore conclude that HAp pellets are a good alternative for natural dental material. This is especially true when slight variations in the physicochemical properties of the natural materials may affect the experimental series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Mischo
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thomas Faidt
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ryan B. McMillan
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johanna Dudek
- Clinic
of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Gubesh Gunaratnam
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Pardis Bayenat
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Holtsch
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Spengler
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hendrik Hähl
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Bischoff
- Institute
of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic
of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental
Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland
University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Max
Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstraße 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Barão VAR, Costa RC, Shibli JA, Bertolini M, Souza JGS. Emerging titanium surface modifications: The war against polymicrobial infections on dental implants. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:1-12. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Dental implants made of titanium (Ti) material is recognized as the leading treatment option for edentulous patients’ rehabilitation, showing a high success rate and clinical longevity. However, dental implant surface acts as a platform for microbial adhesion and accumulation once exposed to the oral cavity. Biofilm formation on implant surfaces has been considered the main etiologic factor to induce inflammatory diseases, known as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis; the latter being recognized as the key reason for late dental implant failure. Different factors, such as biofilm matrix production, source of carbohydrate exposure, and cross-kingdom interactions, have encouraged increased microbial accumulation on dental implants, leading to a microbiological community shift from a healthy to a pathogenic state, increasing inflammation and favoring tissue damage. These factors combined with the spatial organization of biofilms, reduced antimicrobial susceptibility, complex microbiological composition, and the irregular topography of implants hamper biofilm control and microbial killing. In spite of the well-known etiology, there is still no consensus regarding the best clinical protocol to control microbial accumulation on dental implant surfaces and treat peri-implant disease. In this sense, different coatings and Ti surface treatments have been proposed in order to reduce microbial loads and control polymicrobial infections on implantable devices. Therefore, this critical review aims to discuss the current evidence on biofilm accumulation on dental implants and central factors related to the pathogenesis process of implant-related infections. Moreover, the potential surface modifications with anti-biofilm properties for dental implant devices is discussed to shed light on further promising strategies to control peri-implantitis.
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17
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Development of Chitosan-Based Surfaces to Prevent Single- and Dual-Species Biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144378. [PMID: 34299652 PMCID: PMC8306285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are susceptible to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation, which lead to several clinical complications, including the occurrence of implant-associated infections. Polylactic acid (PLA) and its composites are currently used for the construction of IMDs. In addition, chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer that has been widely used in the medical field due to its antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, which can be dependent on molecular weight (Mw). The present study aims to evaluate the performance of CS-based surfaces of different Mw to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. For this purpose, CS-based surfaces were produced by dip-coating and the presence of CS and its derivatives onto PLA films, as well surface homogeneity were confirmed by contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activity of the functionalized surfaces was evaluated against single- and dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chitosan-based surfaces were able to inhibit the development of single- and dual-species biofilms by reducing the number of total, viable, culturable, and viable but nonculturable cells up to 79%, 90%, 81%, and 96%, respectively, being their activity dependent on chitosan Mw. The effect of CS-based surfaces on the inhibition of biofilm formation was corroborated by biofilm structure analysis using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which revealed a decrease in the biovolume and thickness of the biofilm formed on CS-based surfaces compared to PLA. Overall, these results support the potential of low Mw CS for coating polymeric devices such as IMDs where the two bacteria tested are common colonizers and reduce their biofilm formation.
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18
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Lim HK, Tan SJ, Wu Z, Ong BC, Tan KW, Dong Z, Tay CY. Diatom-inspired 2D nitric oxide releasing anti-infective porous nanofrustules. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7229-7237. [PMID: 34031686 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00458a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials (NM) have emerged as promising platforms for antibacterial applications. However, the inherent "flatness" of 2D NM often limits the loading of antimicrobial components needed for synergistic bactericidal actions. Here, inspired by the highly ornamented siliceous frustules of diatoms, we prepared 2D ultrathin (<20 nm) and rigid "nanofrustule" plates via the out-of-plane growth of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) directed silica mesostructures on the surfaces of 2D graphene oxide nanosheets. The nanofrustules were characterized by the presence of mesoporous channels with a pore size of 3 nm and a high specific surface area of 674 m2 g-1. S-nitrosothiol-modification on the silica surfaces enables the development of a novel anti-infective nitric oxide (NO) releasing NO-nanofrustule system. The cage-like mesoporous silica architecture enabled a controlled and sustainable release of NO from the NO-nanofrustules under physiological conditions. The NO-nanofrustules displayed broad antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250 μg ml-1. Mechanistic studies revealed that the antibacterial property of NO-nanofrustules was attained via a unique "capture-and-release" mode-of-action. The first step entailed the capture of the bacteria by the NO-nanofrustules to form micro-aggregates. This was followed by the release of high levels of NO to the captured bacteria to elicit a potent anti-infective effect. In combination with the lack of cytotoxicity in human dermal cells, the 2D hybrid NO-nanofrustules may be utilized to combat wound infections in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Kit Lim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Shao Jie Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhuoran Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Boon Chong Ong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Kwan Wee Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Zhili Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore. and School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore and Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
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19
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Unveiling the Antifouling Performance of Different Marine Surfaces and Their Effect on the Development and Structure of Cyanobacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051102. [PMID: 34065462 PMCID: PMC8161073 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Since biofilm formation by microfoulers significantly contributes to the fouling process, it is important to evaluate the performance of marine surfaces to prevent biofilm formation, as well as understand their interactions with microfoulers and how these affect biofilm development and structure. In this study, the long-term performance of five surface materials—glass, perspex, polystyrene, epoxy-coated glass, and a silicone hydrogel coating—in inhibiting biofilm formation by cyanobacteria was evaluated. For this purpose, cyanobacterial biofilms were developed under controlled hydrodynamic conditions typically found in marine environments, and the biofilm cell number, wet weight, chlorophyll a content, and biofilm thickness and structure were assessed after 49 days. In order to obtain more insight into the effect of surface properties on biofilm formation, they were characterized concerning their hydrophobicity and roughness. Results demonstrated that silicone hydrogel surfaces were effective in inhibiting cyanobacterial biofilm formation. In fact, biofilms formed on these surfaces showed a lower number of biofilm cells, chlorophyll a content, biofilm thickness, and percentage and size of biofilm empty spaces compared to remaining surfaces. Additionally, our results demonstrated that the surface properties, together with the features of the fouling microorganisms, have a considerable impact on marine biofouling potential.
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20
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Faria SI, Teixeira-Santos R, Morais J, Vasconcelos V, Mergulhão FJ. The association between initial adhesion and cyanobacterial biofilm development. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6204666. [PMID: 33784393 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although laboratory assays provide valuable information about the antifouling effectiveness of marine surfaces and the dynamics of biofilm formation, they may be laborious and time-consuming. This study aimed to determine the potential of short-time adhesion assays to estimate how biofilm development may proceed. The initial adhesion and cyanobacterial biofilm formation were evaluated using glass and polymer epoxy resin surfaces under different hydrodynamic conditions and were compared using linear regression models. For initial adhesion, the polymer epoxy resin surface was significantly associated with a lower number of adhered cells compared with glass (-1.27 × 105 cells.cm-2). Likewise, the number of adhered cells was significantly lower (-1.16 × 105 cells.cm-2) at 185 than at 40 rpm. This tendency was maintained during biofilm development and was supported by the biofilm wet weight, thickness, chlorophyll a content and structure. Results indicated a significant correlation between the number of adhered and biofilm cells (r = 0.800, p < 0.001). Moreover, the number of biofilm cells on day 42 was dependent on the number of adhered cells at the end of the initial adhesion and hydrodynamic conditions (R2 = 0.795, p < 0.001). These findings demonstrate the high potential of initial adhesion assays to estimate marine biofilm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Faria
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Teixeira-Santos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Morais
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.,FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipe J Mergulhão
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Biomimetic Polymer Surfaces by High Resolution Molding of the Wings of Different Cicadas. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081910. [PMID: 33920457 PMCID: PMC8068934 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that insect wings have evolved to have micro- and nanoscale structures on the wing surface, and biomimetic research aims to transfer such structures to application-specific materials. Herein, we describe a simple and cost-effective method of replica molding the wing topographies of four cicada species using UV-curable polymers. Different polymer blends of polyethylene glycol diacrylate and polypropylene glycol diacrylate were used as molding materials and a molding chamber was designed to precisely control the x, y, and z dimensions. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that structures ranged from 148 to 854 nm in diameter, with a height range of 191–2368 nm, and wing patterns were transferred with high fidelity to the crosslinked polymer. Finally, bacterial cell studies show that the wing replicas possess the same antibacterial effect as the cicada wing from which they were molded. Overall, this work shows a quick and simple method for patterning UV-curable polymers without the use of expensive equipment, making it a highly accessible means of producing microstructured materials with biological properties.
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22
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Chen Z, Wang Z, Qiu W, Fang F. Overview of Antibacterial Strategies of Dental Implant Materials for the Prevention of Peri-Implantitis. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:627-638. [PMID: 33779151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As dental implants have become one of the main treatment options for patients with tooth loss, the number of patients with peri-implant diseases has increased. Similar to periodontal diseases, peri-implant diseases have been associated with dental plaque formation on implants. Unconventional approaches have been reported to remove plaque from infected implants, but none of these methods can completely and permanently solve the problem of bacterial invasion. Fortunately, the constant development of antibacterial implant materials is a promising solution to this situation. In this review, the development and study of different antibacterial strategies for dental implant materials for the prevention of peri-implantitis are summarized. We hope that by highlighting the advantages and limitations of these antimicrobial strategies, we can assist in the continued development of oral implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhaodan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China
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Zheng S, Bawazir M, Dhall A, Kim HE, He L, Heo J, Hwang G. Implication of Surface Properties, Bacterial Motility, and Hydrodynamic Conditions on Bacterial Surface Sensing and Their Initial Adhesion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:643722. [PMID: 33644027 PMCID: PMC7907602 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.643722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are structured microbial communities attached to surfaces, which play a significant role in the persistence of biofoulings in both medical and industrial settings. Bacteria in biofilms are mostly embedded in a complex matrix comprised of extracellular polymeric substances that provide mechanical stability and protection against environmental adversities. Once the biofilm is matured, it becomes extremely difficult to kill bacteria or mechanically remove biofilms from solid surfaces. Therefore, interrupting the bacterial surface sensing mechanism and subsequent initial binding process of bacteria to surfaces is essential to effectively prevent biofilm-associated problems. Noting that the process of bacterial adhesion is influenced by many factors, including material surface properties, this review summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the influences of surface charge, surface wettability, roughness, topography, stiffness, and combination of properties on bacterial adhesion. This review also highlights other factors that are often neglected in bacterial adhesion studies such as bacterial motility and the effect of hydrodynamic flow. Lastly, the present review features recent innovations in nanotechnology-based antifouling systems to engineer new concepts of antibiofilm surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Zheng
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Marwa Bawazir
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Atul Dhall
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hye-Eun Kim
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Le He
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph Heo
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Geelsu Hwang
- Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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24
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Human blood plasma factors affect the adhesion kinetics of Staphylococcus aureus to central venous catheters. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20992. [PMID: 33268809 PMCID: PMC7710740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of catheter-related blood stream infections (CRBSI). The bacterium has the ability to form multilayered biofilms on implanted material, which usually requires the removal of the implanted medical device. A first major step of this biofilm formation is the initial adhesion of the bacterium to the artificial surface. Here, we used single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) to study the initial adhesion of S. aureus to central venous catheters (CVCs). SCFS performed with S. aureus on the surfaces of naïve CVCs produced comparable maximum adhesion forces on three types of CVCs in the low nN range (~ 2–7 nN). These values were drastically reduced, when CVC surfaces were preincubated with human blood plasma or human serum albumin, and similar reductions were observed when S. aureus cells were probed with freshly explanted CVCs withdrawn from patients without CRBSI. These findings indicate that the initial adhesion capacity of S. aureus to CVC tubing is markedly reduced, once the CVC is inserted into the vein, and that the risk of contamination of the CVC tubing by S. aureus during the insertion process might be reduced by a preconditioning of the CVC surface with blood plasma or serum albumin.
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25
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Liu J, Liu J, Attarilar S, Wang C, Tamaddon M, Yang C, Xie K, Yao J, Wang L, Liu C, Tang Y. Nano-Modified Titanium Implant Materials: A Way Toward Improved Antibacterial Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:576969. [PMID: 33330415 PMCID: PMC7719827 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.576969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have superb biocompatibility, low elastic modulus, and favorable corrosion resistance. These exceptional properties lead to its wide use as a medical implant material. Titanium itself does not have antibacterial properties, so bacteria can gather and adhere to its surface resulting in infection issues. The infection is among the main reasons for implant failure in orthopedic surgeries. Nano-modification, as one of the good options, has the potential to induce different degrees of antibacterial effect on the surface of implant materials. At the same time, the nano-modification procedure and the produced nanostructures should not adversely affect the osteogenic activity, and it should simultaneously lead to favorable antibacterial properties on the surface of the implant. This article scrutinizes and deals with the surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials from three aspects: nanostructures formation procedures, nanomaterials loading, and nano-morphology. In this regard, the research progress on the antibacterial properties of various surface nano-modification of titanium implant materials and the related procedures are introduced, and the new trends will be discussed in order to improve the related materials and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Shokouh Attarilar
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, China
| | - Maryam Tamaddon
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Kegong Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jinguang Yao
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery & Orthopaedic Science, University College London, The Royal National National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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26
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Müller DW, Holtsch A, Lößlein S, Pauly C, Spengler C, Grandthyll S, Jacobs K, Mücklich F, Müller F. In-Depth Investigation of Copper Surface Chemistry Modification by Ultrashort Pulsed Direct Laser Interference Patterning. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13415-13425. [PMID: 33141584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface patterning in the micro- and nanometer-range by means of pulsed laser interference has repeatedly proven to be a versatile tool for surface functionalization. With these techniques, however, the surface is often changed not only in terms of morphology but also in terms of surface chemistry. In this study, we present an in-depth investigation of the chemical surface modification occurring during surface patterning of copper by ultrashort pulsed direct laser interference patterning (USP-DLIP). A multimethod approach of parallel analysis using visualizing, topography-sensitive, and spectroscopic techniques allowed a detailed quantification of surface morphology as well as composition and distribution of surface chemistry related to both processing and atmospheric aging. The investigations revealed a heterogeneous surface composition separated in peak and valley regions predominantly consisting of Cu2O, as well as superficial agglomerations of CuO and carbon species. The evaluation was supported by a modeling approach for the quantification of XPS results in relation to heterogeneous surface composition, which was observed by means of a combination of different spectroscopic techniques. The overall results provide a detailed understanding of the chemical and topographical surface modification during USP-DLIP, which allows a more targeted use of this technology for surface functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Müller
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anne Holtsch
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sarah Lößlein
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christoph Pauly
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christian Spengler
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Samuel Grandthyll
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank Mücklich
- Chair of Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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27
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Rezazadeh NH, Buazar F, Matroodi S. Synergistic effects of combinatorial chitosan and polyphenol biomolecules on enhanced antibacterial activity of biofunctionalaized silver nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19615. [PMID: 33184403 PMCID: PMC7665213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76726-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study reports the synergistic antibacterial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the aid of a combination of chitosan and seaweed-derived polyphenols as a green synthetic route. Under optimum synthesis conditions, the rapid color change from yellowish to dark brown and UV-visible absorption peak at 425 confirmed the initial formation of AgNPs. DLS, TEM, XRD, and EDX analyses revealed the spherical shape of pure biogenic AgNPs with a mean diameter size of 12 nm ± 1.5 nm, and a face-centered cubic crystal structure, respectively. FTIR and TGA results indicated the significant contribution of chitosan and polyphenol components into silver ions bioreduction and thermal stability of freshly formed AgNPs. Long-term colloidal stability of AgNPs was obtained after 6-month storage at room temperature. The bio-prepared AgNPs possessed a negative surface charge with a zeta potential value of - 27 mV. In contrast to naked chemical silver nanoparticles, the green Ag nanosamples demonstrated the distinct synergistic antibacterial in vitro toward all selected human pathogens presumably due to the presence of high content of biomolecules on their surface. The results show that synergy between chitosan and polyphenol results in the enhancement of bactericidal properties of biogenic AgNPs. We also highlighted the underlying mechanism involved in AgNPs formation based on nucleophile-electrophile interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hajarian Rezazadeh
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO. Box 669, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Foad Buazar
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO. Box 669, Khorramshahr, Iran.
| | - Soheila Matroodi
- Department of Marine Biology, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, PO. Box 669, Khorramshahr, Iran
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28
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Maikranz E, Spengler C, Thewes N, Thewes A, Nolle F, Jung P, Bischoff M, Santen L, Jacobs K. Different binding mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus to hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19267-19275. [PMID: 32935690 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03134h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial adhesion to surfaces is a crucial step in initial biofilm formation. In a combined experimental and computational approach, we studied the adhesion of the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. We used atomic force microscopy-based single-cell force spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the similarities and differences of adhesion to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Our results reveal that binding to both types of surfaces is mediated by thermally fluctuating cell wall macromolecules that behave differently on each type of substrate: on hydrophobic surfaces, many macromolecules are involved in adhesion, yet only weakly tethered, leading to high variance between individual bacteria, but low variance between repetitions with the same bacterium. On hydrophilic surfaces, however, only few macromolecules tether strongly to the surface. Since during every repetition with the same bacterium different macromolecules bind, we observe a comparable variance between repetitions and different bacteria. We expect these findings to be of importance for the understanding of the adhesion behaviour of many bacterial species as well as other microorganisms and even nanoparticles with soft, macromolecular coatings, used e.g. for biological diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Maikranz
- Theoretical Physics, Saarland University, Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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29
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Al-Qatatsheh A, Morsi Y, Zavabeti A, Zolfagharian A, Salim N, Z. Kouzani A, Mosadegh B, Gharaie S. Blood Pressure Sensors: Materials, Fabrication Methods, Performance Evaluations and Future Perspectives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4484. [PMID: 32796604 PMCID: PMC7474433 DOI: 10.3390/s20164484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in materials science and fabrication techniques have contributed to the significant growing attention to a wide variety of sensors for digital healthcare. While the progress in this area is tremendously impressive, few wearable sensors with the capability of real-time blood pressure monitoring are approved for clinical use. One of the key obstacles in the further development of wearable sensors for medical applications is the lack of comprehensive technical evaluation of sensor materials against the expected clinical performance. Here, we present an extensive review and critical analysis of various materials applied in the design and fabrication of wearable sensors. In our unique transdisciplinary approach, we studied the fundamentals of blood pressure and examined its measuring modalities while focusing on their clinical use and sensing principles to identify material functionalities. Then, we carefully reviewed various categories of functional materials utilized in sensor building blocks allowing for comparative analysis of the performance of a wide range of materials throughout the sensor operational-life cycle. Not only this provides essential data to enhance the materials' properties and optimize their performance, but also, it highlights new perspectives and provides suggestions to develop the next generation pressure sensors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Qatatsheh
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Yosry Morsi
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Nisa Salim
- Faculty of Science, Engineering, and Technology (FSET), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia; (Y.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Abbas Z. Kouzani
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
| | - Bobak Mosadegh
- Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Saleh Gharaie
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds VIC 3216, Australia; (A.Z.); (A.Z.K.)
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30
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Dauben TJ, Dewald C, Firkowska-Boden I, Helbing C, Peisker H, Roth M, Bossert J, Jandt KD. Quantifying the relationship between surfaces' nano-contact point density and adhesion force of Candida albicans. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111177. [PMID: 32569885 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently recognized that controlled surface structuring on the nanometer scale is a successful strategy to endow different materials with antimicrobial properties. Despite many studies on bacterial interactions with nanostructured surfaces, a quantitative link between surface topography and bacterial adhesion is still missing. To quantitatively link cell adhesion data with topographical surface parameters, we performed single-cell spectroscopy on chemically identical surfaces with controlled nano-contact point density achieved by immobilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) on gold thin films. Such materials surfaces have previously shown antimicrobial (anti-adhesive) efficacy towards Gram-negative Escherichia coli cells. In the current study, the influence of nano-structured surfaces on the surface coverage and adhesion forces of clinically relevant Candida albicans (C. albicans), the fungus primarily associated with implant infections, was investigated to validate their antimicrobial potency against different microbial cells. The adhesion forces of C. albicans cells to nanostructured surfaces showed a decreasing trend with decreasing contact-point density and correlated well with the results of the respective C. albicans cell counts. The surfaces with the lowest contact-point density, 25 AuNP/μm², resulted in an average adhesion force of 5 nN, which was up to 5 times lower compared to control and 61 AuNP/μm² surfaces. Further, detailed analyses of force-distance curves revealed that the work of adhesion, and thus the energy required to remove the C. albicans cell from the surface is up to 10 times lower on 25 AuNP/μm² surfaces compared to unstructured surfaces. These findings show that a controlled tuning of nanostructured surfaces in terms of accessible nano-contact points is crucial to generate surface structures with enhanced antimicrobial properties. The gained knowledge can be further exploited for the design of biomaterials surfaces to prevent adhesion of some most commonly encountered pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Dauben
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Dewald
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 23, 07745 Jena, Germany; Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Izabela Firkowska-Boden
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Christian Helbing
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Henrik Peisker
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Saarland University Clinic, Kirrberger Straße Building 43, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Martin Roth
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 23, 07745 Jena, Germany; Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jörg Bossert
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Klaus D Jandt
- Chair of Materials Science (CMS), Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena School for Microbial Communication (JSMC), Neugasse 23, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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31
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Mansouri J, Truong VK, MacLaughlin S, Mainwaring DE, Moad G, Dagley IJ, Ivanova EP, Crawford RJ, Chen V. Polymerization-Induced Phase Segregation and Self-Assembly of Siloxane Additives to Provide Thermoset Coatings with a Defined Surface Topology and Biocidal and Self-Cleaning Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1610. [PMID: 31766238 PMCID: PMC6915580 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the incorporation of a siloxane copolymer additive, poly((2-phenylethyl) methylsiloxane)-co(1-phenylethyl) methylsiloxane)-co-dimethylsiloxane), which is fully soluble at room temperature, in a rapid-cure thermoset polyester coating formulation. The additive undergoes polymerization-induced phase segregation (PIPS) to self-assemble on the coating surface as discrete discoid nanofeatures during the resin cure process. Moreover, the copolymer facilitates surface co-segregation of titanium dioxide pigment microparticulate present in the coating. Depending on the composition, the coatings can display persistent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning properties and, surprisingly, the titanium dioxide pigmented coatings that include the siloxane copolymer additive display high levels of antibacterial performance against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. This antibacterial performance is believed to be associated with the unique surface topology of these coatings, which comprise stimuli-responsive discoid nanofeatures. This paper provides details of the surface morphology of the coatings and how these relates to the antimicrobial properties of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Mansouri
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | | | - David E. Mainwaring
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ian J. Dagley
- Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia; (V.K.T.); (I.J.D.)
- Defence Science and Technology, Department of Defence, 506 Lorimer Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia
| | - Elena P. Ivanova
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia; (D.E.M.); (E.P.I.)
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Russell J. Crawford
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
| | - Vicki Chen
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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