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Guo H, Xiao C, Li X, Li J, Chen X, Bin Liu, Hu R. PAI-1 siRNA-loaded biomimetic nanoparticles for ameliorating diminished ovarian reserve and inhibiting ovarian fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176948. [PMID: 39216744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
With specific and inherent mRNA cleaving activity, small interfering RNA against pro-fibrosis factor (PAI-1 siRNA, siPAI-1) has demonstrated the fucntion for preventing diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Moreover, safe nanomaterials have provided ideal tools for delivering siRNA to the targeted cells to obtain high therapeutic efficacy. In order to improve the preventing capability of siPAI-1 for DOR, we synthesized one kind of biomimetic Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA)-based nanoparticles (siPAI-1@PLGA@M-FSHL, abbreviated as SPMF). siPAI-1 was assembled into cationic PLGA nanoparticles, following with macrophage membrane coating (M) and FSHL81-95 peptide modification. SPMF NPs significantly enhanced cellular uptake and gene silencing efficiency in KGN cells in vitro. In vivo assay demonstrated that SPMF NPs can targetedly accumulate in the ovarian of DOR mice with Cyclophosphamide treatment (80 mg/kg/week, 2 weeks) and remarkably downregulate the levels of PAI-1 in ovarian, which finally resulted in the effective suppression of ovary fibrosis and improved the chemotherapy-induced follicle loss to increase the number of primordial, secondary, antral follicles by 62.05 %, 54.92 % and 64.37 %, respectively, compared with DOR group. In summary, this study demonstrates that siPAI-1-loaded SPMF with high safety and efficacy can potentially alleviate DOR by inhibiting the overexpression of PAI-1 in the ovarian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guo
- Department of Gynecology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China; Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Chang Xiao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xinshu Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Rong Hu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, General Hosptial of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, China.
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2
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Lee CH, Mac J, Hanley T, Zaman S, Vankayala R, Anvari B. Membrane cholesterol enrichment and folic acid functionalization lead to increased accumulation of erythrocyte-derived optical nano-constructs within the ovarian intraperitoneal tumor implants in mice. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2024; 56:102728. [PMID: 38061449 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Cytoreductive surgery remains as the gold standard to treat ovarian cancer, but with limited efficacy since not all tumors can be intraoperatively visualized for resection. We have engineered erythrocyte-derived nano-constructs that encapsulate the near infrared (NIR) fluorophore, indocyanine green (ICG), as optical probes for NIR fluorescence imaging of ovarian tumors. Herein, we have enriched the membrane of these nano-constructs with cholesterol, and functionalized their surface with folic acid (FA) to target the folate receptor-α. Using a mouse model, we show that the average fraction of the injected dose per tumor mass for nano-constructs with both membrane cholesterol enrichment and FA functionalization was ~ sixfold higher than non-encapsulated ICG, ~ twofold higher than nano-constructs enriched with cholesterol alone, and 33 % higher than nano-constructs with only FA functionalization at 24-h post-injection. These results suggest that erythrocyte-derived nano-constructs containing both cholesterol and FA present a platform for improved fluorescence imaging of ovarian tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hua Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Jenny Mac
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Taylor Hanley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Shamima Zaman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Bahman Anvari
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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3
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Gallo J, Villasante A. Recent Advances in Biomimetic Nanocarrier-Based Photothermal Therapy for Cancer Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15484. [PMID: 37895165 PMCID: PMC10607206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine presents innovative solutions for cancer treatment, including photothermal therapy (PTT). PTT centers on the design of photoactivatable nanoparticles capable of absorbing non-toxic near-infrared light, generating heat within target cells to induce cell death. The successful transition from benchside to bedside application of PTT critically depends on the core properties of nanoparticles responsible for converting light into heat and the surface properties for precise cell-specific targeting. Precisely targeting the intended cells remains a primary challenge in PTT. In recent years, a groundbreaking approach has emerged to address this challenge by functionalizing nanocarriers and enhancing cell targeting. This strategy involves the creation of biomimetic nanoparticles that combine desired biocompatibility properties with the immune evasion mechanisms of natural materials. This review comprehensively outlines various strategies for designing biomimetic photoactivatable nanocarriers for PTT, with a primary focus on its application in cancer therapy. Additionally, we shed light on the hurdles involved in translating PTT from research to clinical practice, along with an overview of current clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gallo
- Advanced Magnetic Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Aranzazu Villasante
- Nanobioengineering Lab, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Physics, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Chen M, Leng Y, He C, Li X, Zhao L, Qu Y, Wu Y. Red blood cells: a potential delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:288. [PMID: 37608283 PMCID: PMC10464085 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cells in the body, possessing unique biological and physical properties. RBCs have demonstrated outstanding potential as delivery vehicles due to their low immunogenicity, long-circulating cycle, and immune characteristics, exhibiting delivery abilities. There have been several developments in understanding the delivery system of RBCs and their derivatives, and they have been applied in various aspects of biomedicine. This article compared the various physiological and physical characteristics of RBCs, analyzed their potential advantages in delivery systems, and summarized their existing practices in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Chen
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Leng
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan He
- Guang'an People's Hospital, Guang'an, 638001, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Li
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Cao X, Liu Q, Adu-Frimpong M, Shi W, Liu K, Deng T, Yuan H, Weng X, Gao Y, Yu Q, Deng W, Yu J, Wang Q, Xiao G, Xu X. Microfluidic Generation of Near-Infrared Photothermal Vitexin/ICG Liposome with Amplified Photodynamic Therapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:82. [PMID: 36949351 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02539-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma, in which a malignant tumor cell occurs in neural mesenchymal cells, has a rapid progression and poor prognosis, which is still far from desirable in clinical treatments. We developed a lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for the rapid and efficient preparation of vitexin/indocyanine green (ICG) liposomes. Vitexin could be released from liposome to kill cancer cell, which can potentially improve the glioma therapeutic effect and reduce the treatment time through synergistic photodynamic/photothermal therapies (PDT/PTT). The vitexin/ICG liposome was fabricated via LOC and its physicochemical property and release in vitro were evaluated. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and live/dead staining were used to examine the enhanced antitumor effect of vitexin/ICG liposome in cooperation with PDT/PTT, while the related mechanism was explored by flow cytometry and western blot. The results were as follows: (1) The prepared vitexin/ICG liposome was smaller in size, homogenous in particle size distribution with significant low polydispersity index (PDI), and enhanced cumulative release in vitro. (2) We found that the formulated liposome presented strong cancer cell inhibition and suppression of its migration in a dose-dependent manner. (3) Further mechanistic studies showed that liposome combined with near-infrared irradiation could significantly upregulate levels of B cell lymphoma 2-associated X (Bax) protein and decrease B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) at protein levels. The vitexin/ICG liposomes prepared based on a simple LOC platform can effectively enhance the solubility of insoluble drugs, and the combined effect of PTT/PDT can effectively increase their antitumor effect, which provides a simple and valid method for the clinical translation of liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Adu-Frimpong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, School of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences (CKT-UTAS), Navrongo, UK-0215-5321, Ghana
| | - Wenwan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuedi Weng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihong Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingtong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gao Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Lei Z, Fan J, Li X, Chen Y, Shi D, Xie H, Liu B. Biomimetic graphene oxide quantum dots nanoparticles targeted photothermal-chemotherapy for gastric cancer. J Drug Target 2023; 31:320-333. [PMID: 36647791 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2162060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Direct use of chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of gastric cancer often leads to systemic side effects and unsatisfied therapeutic efficacy due to the lack of tumour-targeting ability. The excellent properties of nanoparticles make them good tools to provide more options for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Herein, we developed a novel nanomedicine (GOQD-ICG-CS-6@HM nanoparticles, GIC@HM NPs), which employed graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) to co-load photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic drug gamabufotalin (CS-6) as the core and wrapped with the hybrid membrane (erythrocyte membrane and gastric cancer cell membrane, HM) on its surface. This nanomedicine possesses the functions of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy, making it a good choice for the treatment of gastric cancer. The results showed that the bionic-coated hybrid membrane not only improves the biocompatibility of the nanomedicine, and prolong its circulating half-life, but also delivers the drug to the tumour site precisely and improves the efficiency of drug utilisation. In vitro and in vivo studies further showed that GIC@HM NPs exhibited combinational effects on tumour therapy while displaying no obvious side effects on normal tissue. To sum up, the newly developed GIC@HM NPs provide a safer, more efficient, and more precise method for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Lei
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jialong Fan
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dazhi Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hailong Xie
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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7
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Zheng BD, Xiao MT. Red blood cell membrane nanoparticles for tumor phototherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112895. [PMID: 36242941 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive phototherapy includes photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), and has garnered special interest in anti-tumor therapy. However, traditional photosensitizers or photothermal agents are faced with major challenges, including easy recognition by immune system, rapid clearance from blood circulation, and low accumulation in target sites. Combining the characteristics of natural cell membrane with the characteristics of photosensitizer or photothermal agent is an important technology to achieve the ideal therapeutic effect of cancer. Red cell membrane (RBMs) coated can disguise phototherapy agents as endogenous substances, thus constructing a new nano bionic therapeutic platform, resisting blood clearance and prolonging circulation time. At present, a variety of phototherapy agents based on Nano-RBMs have been isolated or designed. In this review, firstly, the basic principles of Nano-RBMs and phototherapy are expounded respectively. Then, the latest progress of Nano-RBMs for PDT, PTT and PDT/PTT applications in recent five years has been introduced respectively. Finally, the problems and challenges of Nano-RBMs in the field of phototherapy are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-De Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Mei-Tian Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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8
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Meng D, Yang S, Yang Y, Zhang L, Cui L. Synergistic chemotherapy and phototherapy based on red blood cell biomimetic nanomaterials. J Control Release 2022; 352:146-162. [PMID: 36252749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) have become the mainstay of research in targeted cancer therapy. By combining different therapeutic strategies, potential DDSs and synergistic treatment approaches are needed to effectively deal with evolving drug resistance and the adverse effects of cancer. Nowadays, developing and optimizing human cell-based DDSs has become a new research strategy. Among them, red blood cells can be used as DDSs as they significantly enhance the pharmacokinetics of the transported drug cargo. Phototherapy, as a novel adjuvant in cancer treatment, can be divided into photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy. Phototherapy using erythropoietic nanocarriers to mimic the unique properties of erythrocytes and overcome the limitations of existing DDSs shows excellent prospects in clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the development of photosensitizers and research on bio-nano-delivery systems based on erythrocytes and erythrocyte membranes that are used in achieving synergistic outcomes during phototherapy/chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shuoye Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Yanan Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Lan Cui
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, PR China
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9
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Shi W, Cao X, Liu Q, Zhu Q, Liu K, Deng T, Yu Q, Deng W, Yu J, Wang Q, Xu X. Hybrid Membrane-Derived Nanoparticles for Isoliquiritin Enhanced Glioma Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1059. [PMID: 36145280 PMCID: PMC9506545 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the obstruction and heterogeneity of the blood-brain barrier, the clinical treatment of glioma has been extremely difficult. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) exhibits antitumor effects, but its low solubility and bioavailability limit its application potential. Herein, we established a nanoscale hybrid membrane-derived system composed of erythrocytes and tumor cells. By encapsulating ISL in hybrid membrane nanoparticles, ISL is expected to be enhanced for the targeting and long-circulation in gliomas therapy. We fused erythrocytes with human glioma cells U251 and extracted the fusion membrane via hypotension, termed as hybrid membrane (HM). HM-camouflaged ISL nanoparticles (ISL@HM NPs) were prepared and featured with FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and DLS particle analysis. As the results concluded, the ISL active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) were successfully encapsulated with HM membranes, and the NPs loading efficiency was 38.9 ± 2.99% under maximum entrapment efficiency. By comparing the IC50 of free ISL and NPs, we verified that the solubility and antitumor effect of NPs was markedly enhanced. We also investigated the mechanism of the antitumor effect of ISL@HM NPs, which revealed a marked inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and promotion of senescence and apoptosis of tumor cells of the formulation. In addition, the FSC and WB results examined the effects of different concentrations of ISL@HM NPs on tumor cell disruption and apoptotic protein expression. Finally, it can be concluded that hybridized membrane-derived nanoparticles could prominently increase the solubility of insoluble materials (as ISL), and also enhance its targeting and antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwan Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Tianwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qingtong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wenwen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiangnan Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Nano Drug/Gene Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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10
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Aboeleneen SB, Scully MA, Harris JC, Sterin EH, Day ES. Membrane-wrapped nanoparticles for photothermal cancer therapy. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:37. [PMID: 35960404 PMCID: PMC9373884 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a global health problem that needs effective treatment strategies. Conventional treatments for solid-tumor cancers are unsatisfactory because they cause unintended harm to healthy tissues and are susceptible to cancer cell resistance. Nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for solid-tumor cancers that has immense promise as a standalone therapy or adjuvant to other treatments like chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy. To maximize the success of photothermal therapy, light-responsive nanoparticles can be camouflaged with cell membranes to endow them with unique biointerfacing capabilities that reduce opsonization, prolong systemic circulation, and improve tumor delivery through enhanced passive accumulation or homotypic targeting. This ensures a sufficient dose of photoresponsive nanoparticles arrives at tumor sites to enable their complete thermal ablation. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art in cell membrane camouflaged nanoparticles for photothermal cancer therapy and provides insights to the path forward for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jenna C Harris
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Eric H Sterin
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Emily S Day
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, DE, USA.
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11
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xin Q, Li M, Yu P, Luo J, Xu X, Chen X, Li J. Zwitterionic choline phosphate conjugated folate-poly (ethylene glycol): a general decoration of erythrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles for enhanced tumor-targeting drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2497-2503. [PMID: 35019930 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02493k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte membrane nanosystems have become one of the important research directions of disease treatment, especially for tumor treatment, and can enhance the long circulation time of anti-cancer drugs in vivo, and penetrate and accumulate in the tumor site effectively. However, erythrocyte membranes lack targeting properties and it is necessary to provide tumor-targeting function by modifying erythrocyte membranes. In this study, we report on a novel modification method of an erythrocyte membrane nanosystem to target tumors. Specifically, the tumor-targeting molecule folate-poly (ethylene glycol) (FA-PEG) was modified with a zwitterionic 2-(methyl acryloyoxy) ethyl choline phosphate (MCP) by the Michael addition reaction to obtain MCP-modified FA-PEG (MCP-PEG-FA). Based on the strong "N-P" tetravalent electrostatic interaction between MCP and phosphatidyl choline on the erythrocyte membranes, MCP-PEG-FA can be modified on the erythrocyte membrane encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanosystem to form a tumor-targeting erythrocyte membrane nanosystem (FA-RBC@PLGA-DOX). The results show that MCP-PEG-FA was synthesized and successfully bonded to the erythrocyte membrane nanosystem, and the FA-RBC@PLGA-DOX nanosystem had a better tumor-targeting function and tumor killing effect compared with those of the nanosystems without FA ligand modification. The universal modification method of erythrocyte membranes is successfully provided and can be applied to the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyue Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Yuemin Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Qiangwei Xin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Mingjing Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Xinyuan Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
| | - Xingyu Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China. .,College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610003, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.
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12
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Yan Z, Yang X, Lynch I, Cui F. Comparative evaluation of the mechanisms of toxicity of graphene oxide and graphene oxide quantum dots to blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa in the aquatic environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127898. [PMID: 34894507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the diverse applications, graphene-family nanomaterials (GFNs) have a high probability of release into the aquatic system, potentially posing risks to the aquatic environment. The acute effects on single-celled Microcystis aeruginosa by graphene oxide (GO) or graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) were compared in the present study. GOQDs dispersed more effectively in water than GO at all pH values tested. The 96-hour median effective concentration (EC50) of GO and GOQDs were determined to be 49.32 and 22.46 mg/L, respectively. Both GO and GOQDs were internalized by heteroagglomeration and envelopment processes, with GOQDs inducing stronger upregulation of cell permeability, plasmolysis and lipid bodies than GO. Cracking of thylakoid layers, disappearance of nucleoid, and disintegration of cell infrastructure were observed at higher concentrations. In comparison to GO, GOQDs induced higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and disrupted antioxidant enzymes, leading to the inhibition of cellular contents such as chlorophyll a and proteins. Furthermore, both GO and GOQDs adsorbed nutrients from the algal medium, resulting in nutrient depletion-induced indirect toxicity, with GOQDs depleting more nutrients than GO. The current study provides new understanding of nanotoxicity of GO and GOQD and aids in the potential risks of nanomaterials in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongda Yan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Fuyi Cui
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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13
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Tang JC, Lee CH, Lu T, Vankayala R, Hanley T, Azubuogu C, Li J, Nair MG, Jia W, Anvari B. Membrane Cholesterol Enrichment of Red Blood Cell-Derived Microparticles Results in Prolonged Circulation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:650-660. [PMID: 35006664 PMCID: PMC9924066 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Particles fabricated from red blood cells (RBCs) can serve as vehicles for delivery of various biomedical cargos. Flipping of phosphatidylserine (PS) from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet normally occurs during the fabrication of such particles. PS externalization is a signal for phagocytic removal of the particles from circulation. Herein, we demonstrate that membrane cholesterol enrichment can mitigate the outward display of PS on microparticles engineered from RBCs. Our in-vitro results show that the phagocytic uptake of cholesterol-enriched particles by murine macrophages takes place at a lowered rate, resulting in reduced uptake as compared to RBC-derived particles without cholesterol enrichment. When administered via tail-vein injection into healthy mice, the percent of injected dose (ID) per gram of extracted blood for cholesterol-enriched particles was ∼1.5 and 1.8 times higher than the particles without cholesterol enrichment at 4 and 24 h, respectively. At 24 h, ∼43% ID/g of the particles without cholesterol enrichment was eliminated or metabolized while ∼94% ID/g of the cholesterol-enriched particles were still retained in the body. These results indicate that membrane cholesterol enrichment is an effective method to reduce PS externalization on the surface of RBC-derived particles and increase their longevity in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack C. Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States; Present Address: University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Chi-Hua Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Thompson Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States; Present Address: Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342037, India
| | - Taylor Hanley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Chiemerie Azubuogu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Jiang Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Meera G. Nair
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wangcun Jia
- Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Bahman Anvari
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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14
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Guo K, Xiao N, Liu Y, Wang Z, Tóth J, Gyenis J, Thakur VK, Oyane A, Shubhra QT. Engineering polymer nanoparticles using cell membrane coating technology and their application in cancer treatments: Opportunities and challenges. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Vaginal drug delivery approaches for localized management of cervical cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:114-126. [PMID: 33857555 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) remain a major public health problem among women globally. Traditional methods such as surgery are often associated with possible complications which may impact future pregnancies and childbirth especially for young female patients. Vagina with a high contact surface is a suitable route for the local and systemic delivery of drugs but its abundant mucus in continuous exchange presents a barrier for the popularization of conventional vaginal formulations including suppositories, gel, patch, creams and so on. So the development of new pharmaceutical forms based on nanotechnology became appealing owing to its several advantages such as mucosa penetration, bioadhesion, controlled drug release, and decreased adverse effects. This review provided an overview of the development of topical treatment of cervical cancer or CIN through vaginal drug delivery ranging from conventional vaginal formulations to new nanocarriers to the newly developed phototherapy and gene therapy, analyzing the problems faced by current methods used, and advising the developing trend in future. The methods of establishing preclinical animal model are also discussed.
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16
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Hanley T, Vankayala R, Lee CH, Tang JC, Burns JM, Anvari B. Phototheranostics Using Erythrocyte-Based Particles. Biomolecules 2021; 11:729. [PMID: 34068081 PMCID: PMC8152750 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent increase in the development of delivery systems based on red blood cells (RBCs) for light-mediated imaging and therapeutic applications. These constructs are able to take advantage of the immune evasion properties of the RBC, while the addition of an optical cargo allows the particles to be activated by light for a number of promising applications. Here, we review some of the common fabrication methods to engineer these constructs. We also present some of the current light-based applications with potential for clinical translation, and offer some insight into future directions in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Hanley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (T.H.); (R.V.); (J.C.T.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (T.H.); (R.V.); (J.C.T.); (J.M.B.)
- Radoptics, Limited Liability Company, 1002 Health Sciences Road, East, Suite P214, Irvine, CA 92612, USA
| | - Chi-Hua Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - Jack C. Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (T.H.); (R.V.); (J.C.T.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Joshua M. Burns
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (T.H.); (R.V.); (J.C.T.); (J.M.B.)
| | - Bahman Anvari
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; (T.H.); (R.V.); (J.C.T.); (J.M.B.)
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17
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Polydopamine-Coated Laponite Nanoplatforms for Photoacoustic Imaging-Guided Chemo-Phototherapy of Breast Cancer. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020394. [PMID: 33557046 PMCID: PMC7913843 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Theranostic nanoplatforms combining photosensitizers and anticancer drugs have aroused wide interest due to the real-time photoacoustic (PA) imaging capability and improved therapeutic efficacy by the synergistic effect of chemotherapy and phototherapy. In this study, polydopamine (PDA) coated laponite (LAP) nanoplatforms were synthesized to efficiently load indocyanine green (ICG) and doxorubicin (DOX), and modified with polyethylene glycol-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (PEG-RGD) for PA imaging-guided chemo-phototherapy of cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin. The formed ICG/LAP-PDA-PEG-RGD/DOX nanoplatforms showed significantly higher photothermal conversion efficiency than ICG solution and excellent PA imaging capability, and could release DOX in a pH-sensitive and NIR laser-triggered way, which is highly desirable feature in precision chemotherapy. In addition, the ICG/LAP-PDA-PEG-RGD/DOX nanoplatforms could be uptake by cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin with high specificity, and thus serve as a targeted contrast agent for in vivo PA imaging of cancer. In vivo experiments with 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model demonstrated that ICG/LAP-PDA-PEG-RGD/DOX nanoplatforms exhibited much stronger therapeutic effect and higher survival rate than monotherapy due to the synergetic chemo-phototherapy under NIR laser irradiation. Therefore, the reported ICG/LAP-PDA-PEG-RGD/DOX represents a promising theranostic nanoplatform for high effectiveness PA imaging-guided chemo-phototherapy of cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin.
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18
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Long Y, Wu X, Li Z, Fan J, Hu X, Liu B. PEGylated WS2 nanodrug system with erythrocyte membrane coating for chemo/photothermal therapy of cervical cancer. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5088-5105. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00972e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The side effects of chemical drugs and multi-drug resistance are serious obstacles hindering efficient tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Long
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Western Hunan Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418008
- China
- College of Biology
| | - Xianjin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Western Hunan Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418008
- China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Biology
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Jialong Fan
- College of Biology
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Xing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Western Hunan Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418008
- China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education for Western Hunan Medicinal Plant and Ethnobotany
- Huaihua University
- Huaihua 418008
- China
- College of Biology
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