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Shanmugam ST, Campos R, Trashin S, Daems E, Carneiro D, Fraga A, Ribeiro R, De Wael K. Singlet oxygen-based photoelectrochemical detection of miRNAs in prostate cancer patients' plasma: A novel diagnostic tool for liquid biopsy. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108698. [PMID: 38640856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of miRNA expression occurs in many cancers, making miRNAs useful in cancer diagnosis and therapeutic guidance. In a clinical context using methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the limited amount of miRNAs in circulation often limits their quantification. Here, we present a PCR-free and sensitive singlet oxygen (1O2)-based strategy for the detection and quantification of miRNAs in untreated human plasma from patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. A target miRNA is specifically captured by functionalised magnetic beads and a detection oligonucleotide probe in a sandwich-like format. The formed complex is concentrated at the sensor surface via magnetic beads, providing an interface for the photoinduced redox signal amplification. The detection oligonucleotide probe bears a molecular photosensitiser, which produces 1O2 upon illumination, oxidising a redox reporter and creating a redox cycling loop, allowing quantification of pM level miRNA in diluted human plasma within minutes after hybridisation and without target amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rui Campos
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stanislav Trashin
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elise Daems
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Diogo Carneiro
- i3S, Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Avelino Fraga
- i3S, Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- i3S, Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Phonklam K, Sriwimol W, Thuptimdang W, Phairatana T. Disposable label-free electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles-Prussian blue for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin detection in urine samples. Talanta 2024; 274:125960. [PMID: 38555767 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a remarkable biomarker for assessing acute kidney injury. In this study, we developed a novel label-free NGAL electrochemical immunosensor based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and Prussian blue (PB) without an external mediator. The AuNPs-PB based immunosensor was fabricated on a custom gold-electrode (AuE)-based polypropylene (PP) substrate. We systematically assessed and optimized key experimental parameters, including the process of AuNPs-PB electrodeposition, antibody concentration, and incubation time. The immunosensor response toward NGAL was determined using differential pulse voltammetry, where the decrease in the oxidation current response of the PB redox probe correlating with the increase in NGAL concentration. Our results demonstrated that the synergistic benefits of both AuNPs and PB significantly improved electrochemical activity for NGAL detection and provided a highly stable sensor across a range of pH values. The label-free immunosensor exhibited two linear ranges: 0.10-1.40 ng mL-1 and 1.40-25.0 ng mL-1, with a low detection limit of 0.094 ng mL-1. The developed NGAL immunosensor displayed high selectivity and excellent reproducibility. Furthermore, NGAL detection was completed within 30 min and the immunosensor exhibited storage stability for six weeks. Notably, NGAL levels determined in human urine samples using this developed label-free immunosensor showed good agreement with the results obtained from the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. This novel label-free NGAL immunosensor provides great potential in developing NGAL point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewarin Phonklam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wilaiwan Sriwimol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanwara Thuptimdang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Tonghathai Phairatana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Medical Biosensor Laboratory, Medical Science Research and Innovation Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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Lee W, Kim S, Cho K. Quantitative Evaluations on Ozone Evolution Electrocatalysts by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for Oxidative Water Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18529-18537. [PMID: 36245147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study valorized scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) for the detection of dissolved O3, which is increasingly in demand for water treatment. Au ultramicroelectrodes biased at 0.62 V RHE provided superior activity and selectivity for O3 reduction, compared to Pt analogues. It allowed quantitative in situ interrogation of ozone evolution reaction (OZER) electrocatalysts with unprecedented estimations on the OZER overpotential. The difference in onset potentials between the OZER and the competing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) primarily accounted for the OZER current efficiency (CE) on boron-doped diamond (BDD, 1.4% at 10 mA cm-2 in 0.5 M H2SO4), Ni-Sb-doped SnO2 (NSS, 10.8%), and SiOx-coated NSS (NSS/SiOx, 34.4%). SECM areal scans in tandem with elemental mapping perspicuously visualized the improved OZER activity by the SiOx overlayer on NSS. A shift in the charge transfer coefficient further rationalized the elevated OZER selectivity on NSS/SiOx, in association with the weakened Sn-O bond strength confirmed by valence band X-ray photoelectron spectra. The invigorated OZER on NSS/SiOx effectively accelerated the degradation of a model aqueous pollutant (4-chlorophenol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Woonghee Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwoo Cho
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I-CREATE), Yonsei University International Campus, Incheon21983, Republic of Korea
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Downs AM, Bolotsky A, Weaver BM, Bennett H, Wolff N, Polsky R, Miller PR. Microneedle electrochemical aptamer-based sensing: Real-time small molecule measurements using sensor-embedded, commercially-available stainless steel microneedles. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 236:115408. [PMID: 37267688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microneedle sensors could enable minimally-invasive, continuous molecular monitoring - informing on disease status and treatment in real-time. Wearable sensors for pharmaceuticals, for example, would create opportunities for treatments personalized to individual pharmacokinetics. Here, we demonstrate a commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) approach for microneedle sensing using an electrochemical aptamer-based sensor that detects the high-toxicity antibiotic, vancomycin. Wearable monitoring of vancomycin could improve patient care by allowing targeted drug dosing within its narrow clinical window of safety and efficacy. To produce sensors, we miniaturize the electrochemical aptamer-based sensors to a microelectrode format, and embed them within stainless steel microneedles (sourced from commercial insulin pen needles). The microneedle sensors achieve quantitative measurements in body-temperature undiluted blood. Further, the sensors effectively maintain electrochemical signal within porcine skin. This COTS approach requires no cleanroom fabrication or specialized equipment, and produces individually-addressable, sterilizable microneedle sensors capable of easily penetrating the skin. In the future, this approach could be adapted for multiplexed detection, enabling real-time monitoring of a range of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Downs
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA.
| | - Adam Bolotsky
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - Bryan M Weaver
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - Haley Bennett
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - Nathan Wolff
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - Ronen Polsky
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
| | - Philip R Miller
- Biological & Chemical Sensors Department, Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd. SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, USA
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Kékedy-Nagy L, Perry JM, Little SR, Llorens OY, Shih SCC. An electrochemical aptasensor for Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol detection in saliva on a microfluidic platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 222:114998. [PMID: 36549107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present a novel "on-off", cost-effective, rapid electrochemical aptasensor combined with a microfluidics cartridge system for the detection of Δ9-THC (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) in human saliva via differential pulse voltammetry. The assay relied on the competitive binding between the Δ9-THC and a soluble redox indicator methylene blue, using an aptamer selected via FRELEX. We found that the aptasensor can detected 1 nM of Δ9-THC in PBS in a three-electrode cell system, while the sensitivity and both the dissociation constant (Kd) and association constant (Kb) were dependent on the aptamer density. The aptamer also showed great affinity towards Δ9-THC when tested against cannabinol and cannabidiol. The same limit of detection of 1 nM in PBS was achieved in small volume samples (∼60 μL) using the aptamer-modified gold screen-printed electrodes combined with the microfluidic cartridge setup, however, the presence of 10% raw human saliva had a negative effect which manifested in a 10-fold increase in the LOD due to interfering elements. Filtering the saliva, improved the tested volume to 50% and the LOD to 5 nM of Δ9-THC which is lower than the concentrations associated with impairment (6.5-32 nM). The aptasensor showed a good storage capability up to 3 days, however, the reusability significantly dropped from 10 cycles (freshly prepared) to 5 cycles. The results clearly demonstrate the feasibility of the aptasensor platform with the microfluidics chamber towards a point-of-care testing application for the detection of Δ9-THC in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Kékedy-Nagy
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1M8, Canada; Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada
| | - James M Perry
- Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada
| | - Samuel R Little
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1M8, Canada; Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada
| | - Oriol Y Llorens
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1M8, Canada; Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada
| | - Steve C C Shih
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd West, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1M8, Canada; Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H4B1R6, Canada.
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Arivazhagan M, Maduraiveeran G. Gold dispersed hierarchical flower-like copper oxide microelectrodes for the sensitive detection of glucose and lactic acid in human serum and urine. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4538-4548. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00527a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report self-supported gold dispersed copper oxide microflowers (Au@CuO MFs) on copper microelectrodes (CME) as a sensitive platform for the sensing of glucose and lactic acid in human serum...
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Shanmugam ST, Trashin S, De Wael K. Singlet oxygen-based photoelectrochemical detection of DNA. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 195:113652. [PMID: 34583105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The current work, designed for the photoelectrochemical detection of DNA, evaluates light-responsive DNA probes carrying molecular photosensitizers generating singlet oxygen (1O2). We take advantage of their chromophore's ability to produce 1O2 upon photoexcitation and subsequent photocurrent response. Type I, fluorescent and type II photosensitizers were studied using diode lasers at 406 nm blue, 532 nm green and 659 nm red lasers in the presensce and absence of a redox reporter, hydroquinone (HQ). Only type II photosensitizers (producing 1O2) resulted in a noticeable photocurrent in 1-4 nA range upon illumination, in particular, dissolved DNA probes labeled with chlorin e6 and erythrosine were found to give a well-detectable photocurrent response in the presence of HQ. Whereas, Type I photosensitizers and fluorescent chromophores generate negligible photocurrents (<0.15 nA). The analytical performance of the sensing system was evaluated using a magnetic beads-based DNA assay on disposable electrode platforms, with a focus to enhance the sensitivity and robustness of the technique in detecting complementary DNA targets. Amplified photocurrent responses in the range of 70-100 nA were obtained and detection limits of 17 pM and 10 pM were achieved using magnetic beads-captured chlorin e6 and erythrosine labeled DNA probes respectively. The presented novel photoelectrochemical detection can further be optimized and employed in applications for which enzymatic amplification such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is not applicable owing to their limitations and as an effective alternative to colorimetric detection when rapid detection of specific nucleic acid targets is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stanislav Trashin
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
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