1
|
Harvey L, Schweins R, Morfin I, Chahine G, Brotons G, Bouteiller L, Nicol E, Colombani O. Photo-responsive supramolecular polymer bottle-brushes: The key role of the solvent on self-assembly and responsiveness. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:409-416. [PMID: 38772257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes (SPBs) consist in the 1D self-assembly of building blocks composed of a self-assembling core with pendant polymer arms. Kinetic hurdles often hinder their stimuli-responsiveness in solution. Changing the nature of the solvent should alleviate these hurdles by modulating the self-association strength, leading to stimuli-responsive SPBs. EXPERIMENTS The SPBs were formed, in various solvents, by hydrogen bond-driven self-assembly of an azobenzene-bisurea decorated with poly(ethylene oxide) polymer arms. The photo-isomerization of the azobenzene unit was studied by UV/visible spectroscopy and proton NMR spectroscopy, whereas the consequences on supramolecular self-assembly were studied by small angle neutron and X-ray scattering. FINDINGS In water, the assembly was previously shown to be driven by both hydrogen-bonds and strong hydrophobic effects, the latter rendering the system kinetically frozen and the disassembly irreversible. Here we show that in organic solvents such as toluene or chloroform, reversible light-responsive dissociation is achieved. Solvophobic effects in these solvents are expected to be much weaker than in water, which probably allows reversibility of the light-response in the former solvents. The key role of the solvent on the reversibility of the process opens up new perspectives for the design of stimuli-responsive SPBs and their applications in various fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Harvey
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue - Paul Langevin, DS / LSS, 71 Av. des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Gilbert Chahine
- SIMaP, Grenoble INP, CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Guillaume Brotons
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| | - Olivier Colombani
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS, Le Mans Université, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Clemons TD, Egner SA, Grzybek J, Roan JJ, Sai H, Yang Y, Syrgiannis Z, Sun H, Palmer LC, Gianneschi NC, Stupp SI. Hybrid Bonding Bottlebrush Polymers Grafted from a Supramolecular Polymer Backbone. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16085-16096. [PMID: 38831660 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Bottlebrush polymers, macromolecules consisting of dense polymer side chains grafted from a central polymer backbone, have unique properties resulting from this well-defined molecular architecture. With the advent of controlled radical polymerization techniques, access to these architectures has become more readily available. However, synthetic challenges remain, including the need for intermediate purification, the use of toxic solvents, and challenges with achieving long bottlebrush architectures due to backbone entanglements. Herein, we report hybrid bonding bottlebrush polymers (systems integrating covalent and noncovalent bonding of structural units) consisting of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (p(NaSS)) brushes grafted from a peptide amphiphile (PA) supramolecular polymer backbone. This was achieved using photoinitiated electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization in water. The structure of the hybrid bonding bottlebrush architecture was characterized using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and its properties were probed using rheological measurements. We observed that hybrid bonding bottlebrush polymers were able to organize into block architectures containing domains with high brush grafting density and others with no observable brushes. This finding is possibly a result of dynamic behavior unique to supramolecular polymer backbones, enabling molecular exchange or translational diffusion of monomers along the length of the assemblies. The hybrid bottlebrush polymers exhibited higher solution viscosity at moderate shear, protected supramolecular polymer backbones from disassembly at high shear, and supported self-healing capabilities, depending on grafting densities. Our results demonstrate an opportunity for novel properties in easily synthesized bottlebrush polymer architectures built with supramolecular polymers that might be useful in biomedical applications or for aqueous lubrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan D Clemons
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Simon A Egner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joseph Grzybek
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joshua J Roan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hiroaki Sai
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Zois Syrgiannis
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hao Sun
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Liam C Palmer
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute of Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ulrich HF, Gruschwitz FV, Klein T, Ziegenbalg N, Anh DTN, Fujii S, Hoeppener S, Sakurai K, Brendel JC. Influence of Polymer Side Chain Size and Backbone Length on the Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Polymer Bottlebrushes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400160. [PMID: 38446081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds are a versatile tool for creating fibrous, bottlebrush-like assemblies of polymeric building blocks. However, a delicate balance of forces exists between the steric repulsion of the polymer chains and these directed supramolecular forces. In this work we have systematically investigated the influence of structural parameters of the attached polymers on the assembly behaviour of benzene trisurea (BTU) and benzene tris(phenylalanine) (BTP) conjugates in water. Polymers with increasing main chain lengths and different side chain sizes were prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), tri(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (TEGA) and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (OEGA). The resulting structures were analyzed using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both BTU and BTP formed fibres with PHEA attached, but a transition to spherical morphologies was observed at degrees of polymerisation (DP) of 70 and above. Overall, the main chain length appeared to be a dominating factor in inducing morphology transitions. Increasing the side chain size generally had a similar effect but mainly impeded any aggregation as is the case of POEGA. Interestingly, BTP conjugates still formed fibres, suggesting that the stronger intermolecular interactions can compensate partially for the steric repulsion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans F Ulrich
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Franka V Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Klein
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Ziegenbalg
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Doan Thi Ngoc Anh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Shota Fujii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Current address, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Islamov II, Dzhemileva LU, Gaisin IV, Dzhemilev UM, D′yakonov VA. New Polyether Macrocycles as Promising Antitumor Agents-Targeted Synthesis and Induction of Mitochondrial Apoptosis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19923-19931. [PMID: 38737069 PMCID: PMC11079895 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A series of previously unknown aromatic polyether macrodiolides containing a cis,cis-1,5-diene moiety in the molecule were synthesized in 47-74% yields. Macrocycle compounds were first obtained by intermolecular esterification of aromatic polyether diols with α,ω-alka-nZ,(n+4)Z-dienedioic acids mediated by N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC·HCl) and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). For the synthesized compounds, studies of cytotoxicity on tumor (Jurkat, K562, U937), conditionally normal (HEK293) cell lines, and normal fibroblasts were carried out. CC50 was determined, and the therapeutic selectivity index of cytotoxic action (SI) in comparison with normal fibroblasts was evaluated. With the involvement of modern methods of flow cytometry for the most promising macrocycles, their effect on mitochondria and the cell cycle was investigated. It was found that a new macrocycle exhibits pronounced apoptosis-inducing activity toward Jurkat cells and can retard cell division by blocking at the G1/S checkpoint. Also, it was shown that the synthesized macrodiolides influence mitochondria due to their high ability to penetrate the mitochondrial membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz I. Islamov
- Institute
of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russian Federation
| | - Lilya U. Dzhemileva
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- State
Scientific Center of the Russian Federation Federal State Budgetary
Institution, “National Medical Research
Center of Endocrinology” of the Ministry of Health
of the Russian Federation, st. Dmitry Ulyanov, 11, Moscow 117292, Russian Federation
| | - Ilgam V. Gaisin
- Institute
of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russian Federation
| | - Usein M. Dzhemilev
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A. D′yakonov
- N.
D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Little H, Patel S, Suh D, Duhamel J. Accurate Determination of the Average Rate Constant of Pyrene Excimer Formation for Pyrene-Labeled Macromolecules from the Analysis of Individual Fluorescence Decays with Sums of Exponentials. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 38442408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The average rate constant (⟨k⟩) for pyrene excimer formation (PEF) between an excited and a ground-state pyrenyl label covalently attached to a pyrene-labeled macromolecule (PyLM) has been found to be an ideal parameter to probe macromolecular conformations due to its proportionality to the local concentration ([Py]loc) of pyrenyl labels in PyLM. To date, ⟨k⟩ has only been determined with the model-free analysis (MFA) involving the global analysis of the pyrene monomer and excimer fluorescence decays of PyLM. Unfortunately, the MFA is computationally demanding which prevents its widespread use. To circumvent this complication, a methodology is introduced that involves the analysis of individual fluorescence decays with sums of exponentials (SoE), which are commonly used in the analysis packages of commercial time-resolved fluorometers. The individual fluorescence decays of the pyrene monomer acquired with 286 PyLM were analyzed with a SoE to yield ⟨kSoE-M⟩. The strong correlation between ⟨kSoE-M⟩ and ⟨kMF⟩ obtained from the global MFA indicated that ⟨kSoE-M⟩ was a good representation of ⟨k⟩. Furthermore, the AE-/AE+ ratio, equal to the ratio of the sum of the negative pre-exponential factors over the sum of the positive pre-exponential factors, was determined by fitting the individual pyrene excimer fluorescence decays of the 286 PyLM with a SoE. AE-/AE+ was found to take a value between -1.0 and -0.8, indicating that the pyrenyl labels were not aggregated. This result indicated that [Py]loc was well described by ⟨kSoE-M⟩, so that ⟨kSoE-M⟩ could be used to describe the conformation of macromolecules in the same manner as ⟨kMF⟩. Consequently, the methodology based on the analysis of individual fluorescence decays with sums of exponentials to determine ⟨kSoE-M⟩ and AE-/AE+ provides a robust alternative to the use of the MFA for the study of PyLM to many scientists interested in the characterization of macromolecular conformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Little
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, On N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, On N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David Suh
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, On N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jean Duhamel
- Institute for Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, On N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Munteanu IG, Grădinaru VR, Apetrei C. Development of a Chemically Modified Sensor Based on a Pentapeptide and Its Application for Sensitive Detection of Verbascoside in Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415704. [PMID: 36555346 PMCID: PMC9778896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their antioxidant and antimicrobial action in functional foods, beverages, and in some dermato-cosmetic products, olive phenolic compounds are also recognized for their role in the prevention of diabetes and inflammation, treatment of heart disease and, consequently, of the numerous chronic diseases mediated by the free radicals. In recent years, attention has increased, in particular, regarding one of the most important compound in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) having glycosidic structure, namely verbocoside, due to the existence in the literature of numerous studies demonstrating its remarkable contribution to the prophylaxis and treatment of various disorders of the human body. The purpose of this study was the qualitative and quantitative determination of verbascoside in commercial EVOOs from different regions by means of a newly developed sensor based on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with graphene oxide (GPHOX), on the surface of which a pentapeptide was immobilized by means of glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. The modified electrode surface was investigated using both Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. This newly developed sensor has shown a high sensibility compared to the unmodified electrode, a low detection limit (LOD) of up to 9.38 × 10-8 M, and a wide linearity range between 0.1 µM and 10.55 µM. The applicability of the modified sensor was confirmed by detecting verbascoside in ten different EVOOs samples using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method, with very good results. The validation of the electroanalytical method was performed by using the standard addition method with very good recoveries in the range of 97.48-103.77%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Georgiana Munteanu
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galaţi, Romania
| | | | - Constantin Apetrei
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galaţi, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-727-580-914
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matlahov I, Boatz JC, C.A. van der Wel P. Selective observation of semi-rigid non-core residues in dynamically complex mutant huntingtin protein fibrils. J Struct Biol X 2022; 6:100077. [PMID: 36419510 PMCID: PMC9677204 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjsbx.2022.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant huntingtin exon 1 fibrils feature a broad range of molecular dynamics. Molecular motion is coupled to water dynamics outside the fiber core. Dynamics-based spectral editing ssNMR reveals mobile non-core residues. Intermediate-motion selection via dipolar dephasing of rigid sites. Semi-mobile glutamines outside the fiber core observed and identified.
Many amyloid-forming proteins, which are normally intrinsically disordered, undergo a disorder-to-order transition to form fibrils with a rigid β-sheet core flanked by disordered domains. Solid-state NMR (ssNMR) and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) excel at resolving the rigid structures within amyloid cores but studying the dynamically disordered domains remains challenging. This challenge is exemplified by mutant huntingtin exon 1 (HttEx1), which self-assembles into pathogenic neuronal inclusions in Huntington disease (HD). The mutant protein’s expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) segment forms a fibril core that is rigid and sequestered from the solvent. Beyond the core, solvent-exposed surface residues mediate biological interactions and other properties of fibril polymorphs. Here we deploy magic angle spinning ssNMR experiments to probe for semi-rigid residues proximal to the fibril core and examine how solvent dynamics impact the fibrils’ segmental dynamics. Dynamic spectral editing (DYSE) 2D ssNMR based on a combination of cross-polarization (CP) ssNMR with selective dipolar dephasing reveals the weak signals of solvent-mobilized glutamine residues, while suppressing the normally strong background of rigid core signals. This type of ‘intermediate motion selection’ (IMS) experiment based on cross-polarization (CP) ssNMR, is complementary to INEPT- and CP-based measurements that highlight highly flexible or highly rigid protein segments, respectively. Integration of the IMS-DYSE element in standard CP-based ssNMR experiments permits the observation of semi-rigid residues in a variety of contexts, including in membrane proteins and protein complexes. We discuss the relevance of semi-rigid solvent-facing residues outside the fibril core to the latter’s detection with specific dyes and positron emission tomography tracers.
Collapse
|
8
|
Beiranvand M, Habibi D. The Pd(0) and Pd(II) SBA‐TU‐anchored catalysts in the Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions: A comparative catalytic study. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Nicolas C, Ghanem T, Canevet D, Sallé M, Nicol E, Gautier C, Levillain E, Niepceron F, Colombani O. Oxidation-Sensitive Supramolecular Polymer Nanocylinders. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Nicolas
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Tatiana Ghanem
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, Angers F-49000, France
| | - David Canevet
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Marc Sallé
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Eric Levillain
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-Anjou, SFR MATRIX, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Frédérick Niepceron
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| | - Olivier Colombani
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 9, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liao R, Wang F, Guo Y, Han Y, Wang F. Chirality-Controlled Supramolecular Donor-Acceptor Copolymerization with Distinct Energy Transfer Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9775-9784. [PMID: 35621014 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chirality delivers substantial value to the field of supramolecular polymers, not only serving as a probe to monitor the dynamic assembly process but providing access to chiroptical materials. The current study demonstrates that, for supramolecular donor-acceptor copolymers, their comonomer organization modes can be greatly influenced by stereocommunication at the molecular level. The enantiopure N-[(1R or 1S)-phenylethyl]benzamides are incorporated into two structurally similar comonomers, locating between the π-aromatic diethynylacene core and the alkyl chain peripheries. Parallel arrangement of the stereogenic methyl units brings steric hindrance between the homochiral comonomers, which is relieved for the heterochiral comonomers due to the adoption of staggered arrangement. It consequently steers randomly mixed organization for the homochiral supramolecular copolymers within the nanofibers. In comparison, the heterochiral counterparts form nanoparticles in an alternate donor-acceptor organization manner. The variation of comonomer arrangement modes gives rise to distinct energy transfer efficiency at the supramolecular level. Overall, the elaborate manipulation of stereogenic centers in the comonomer structures exerts significant impacts on the characteristics of supramolecular copolymers, which could be useful for chiral sensing, recognition, and optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Müllner M. Molecular polymer bottlebrushes in nanomedicine: therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5683-5716. [PMID: 35445672 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01601j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular polymer bottlebrushes are densely grafted, individual macromolecules with nanoscale proportions. The last decade has seen an increased focus on this material class, especially in nanomedicine and for biomedical applications. This Feature Article provides an overview of major developments in this area to highlight the many opportunities that these polymer architectures bring to nano-bio research. The article covers aspects of bottlebrush synthesis and summarises their use in drug and gene delivery, imaging, as theranostics and as prototype materials to correlate nanoparticle structure and composition to biological function and behaviour. Areas for future research in this area are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gibson HW, Rouser MA, Schoonover DV. Synthesis of Bottlebrush Copolymers Using a Polypseudorotaxane Intermediate. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Mason A. Rouser
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Daniel V. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wen Y, Mensah NN, Song X, Zhu J, Tan WS, Chen X, Li J. A hydrogel with supramolecular surface functionalization for cancer cell capture and multicellular spheroid growth and release. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:681-684. [PMID: 34919108 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05846k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A hydrogel scaffold with a non-fouling but specific cancer cell-adhesive surface was fabricated through surface modification using β-cyclodextrin-based host-guest chemistry. Interestingly, the hydrogel surface not only selectively captured specific cancer cells, but also grew the cells into multicellular spheroids. The spheroids could be released without damaging the cell viability through replacing the host moieties on the scaffold, and the released spheroids showed no changes in size or morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119276, Singapore.
| | - Nana Nyarko Mensah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119276, Singapore.
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xia Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119276, Singapore.
| | - Jingling Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119276, Singapore.
| | - Wui Siew Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xinwei Chen
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, 138634, Singapore
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 15 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119276, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang J, Shi M, Liang H, Lu J. An efficient O-phthalaldehyde-amine coupling reaction for the synthesis of a bottlebrush polymer under physiological conditions. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01488a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A robust method for the preparation of a bottlebrush polymer under physiological buffer conditions was developed via the combination of a grafting onto strategy and an o-phthalaldehyde-amine coupling reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Mao Shi
- Anglee Beauty Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for High Performance Resin-Based Composites, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thalji MR, Ibrahim AA, Ali GA. Cutting-edge development in dendritic polymeric materials for biomedical and energy applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
16
|
Klein T, Gruschwitz FV, Kuchenbrod MT, Nischang I, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC. Adjusting the length of supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes by top-down approaches. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2621-2628. [PMID: 34760028 PMCID: PMC8551873 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling the length of one-dimensional (1D) polymer nanostructures remains a key challenge on the way toward the applications of these structures. Here, we demonstrate that top-down processing facilitates a straightforward adjustment of the length of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes (SPBs) in aqueous solutions. These cylindrical structures self-assemble via directional hydrogen bonds formed by benzenetrisurea (BTU) or benzenetrispeptide (BTP) motifs located within the hydrophobic core of the fiber. A slow transition from different organic solvents to water leads first to the formation of µm-long fibers, which can subsequently be fragmented by ultrasonication or dual asymmetric centrifugation. The latter allows for a better adjustment of applied shear stresses, and thus enables access to differently sized fragments depending on time and rotation rate. Extended sonication and scission analysis further allowed an estimation of tensile strengths of around 16 MPa for both the BTU and BTP systems. In combination with the high kinetic stability of these SPBs, the applied top-down methods represent an easily implementable technique toward 1D polymer nanostructures with an adjustable length in the range of interest for perspective biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Klein
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Franka V Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maren T Kuchenbrod
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Frank A, Hils C, Weber M, Kreger K, Schmalz H, Schmidt H. Hierarchical Superstructures by Combining Crystallization-Driven and Molecular Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21767-21771. [PMID: 34038613 PMCID: PMC8518951 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Combining the unique corona structure of worm-like patchy micelles immobilized on a polymer fiber with the molecular self-assembly of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxamides (BTAs) leads to hierarchical superstructures with a fir-tree-like morphology. For this purpose, worm-like patchy micelles bearing pendant, functional tertiary amino groups in one of the corona patches were prepared by crystallization-driven self-assembly and immobilized on a supporting polystyrene fiber by coaxial electrospinning. The obtained patchy fibers were then immersed in an aqueous solution of a tertiary amino-functionalized BTA to induce patch-mediated molecular self-assembly to well-defined fir-tree-like superstructures upon solvent evaporation. Interestingly, defined superstructures are obtained only if the pendant functional groups in the surface patches match with the peripheral substituents of the BTA, which is attributed to a local increase in BTA concentration at the polymer fibers' surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Frank
- Macromolecular Chemistry IUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Christian Hils
- Macromolecular Chemistry IIUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteKeylab Synthesis and Molecular CharacterizationUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Melina Weber
- Macromolecular Chemistry IUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Klaus Kreger
- Macromolecular Chemistry IUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Macromolecular Chemistry IIUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteKeylab Synthesis and Molecular CharacterizationUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Hans‐Werner Schmidt
- Macromolecular Chemistry IUniversity of Bayreuth and Bavarian Polymer InstituteUniversitätsstrasse 3095447BayreuthGermany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Frank A, Hils C, Weber M, Kreger K, Schmalz H, Schmidt H. Hierarchische Überstrukturen durch Kombination von kristallisationsinduzierter und molekularer Selbstassemblierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Frank
- Makromolekulare Chemie I Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| | - Christian Hils
- Makromolekulare Chemie II Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Keylab Synthesis and Molecular Characterization Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| | - Melina Weber
- Makromolekulare Chemie I Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| | - Klaus Kreger
- Makromolekulare Chemie I Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| | - Holger Schmalz
- Makromolekulare Chemie II Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Keylab Synthesis and Molecular Characterization Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| | - Hans‐Werner Schmidt
- Makromolekulare Chemie I Universität Bayreuth und Bayerisches Polymerinstitut Universitätsstraße 30 95447 Bayreuth Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gruschwitz FV, Klein T, Kuchenbrod MT, Moriyama N, Fujii S, Nischang I, Hoeppener S, Sakurai K, Schubert US, Brendel JC. Kinetically Controlling the Length of Self-Assembled Polymer Nanofibers Formed by Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:837-843. [PMID: 35549195 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Strong directional hydrogen bonds represent a suitable supramolecular force to drive the one-dimensional (1D) aqueous self-assembly of polymeric amphiphiles resulting in cylindrical polymer brushes. However, our understanding of the kinetics in these assembly processes is still limited. We here demonstrate that the obtained morphologies for our recently reported benzene tris-urea and tris-peptide conjugates are strongly pathway-dependent. A controlled transfer from solutions in organic solvents to aqueous environments enabled a rate-dependent formation of kinetically trapped but stable nanostructures ranging from small cylindrical or spherical objects (<50 nm) to remarkably large fibers (>2 μm). A detailed analysis of the underlying assembly mechanism revealed a cooperative nature despite the steric demands of the polymers. Nucleation is induced by hydrophobic interactions crossing a critical water content, followed by an elongation process due to the strong hydrogen bonds. These findings open an interesting new pathway to control the length of 1D polymer nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franka V. Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Klein
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maren T. Kuchenbrod
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Naoto Moriyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Shota Fujii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sikder A, Chakraborty S, Rajdev P, Dey P, Ghosh S. Molecular Recognition Driven Bioinspired Directional Supramolecular Assembly of Amphiphilic (Macro)molecules and Proteins. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2670-2682. [PMID: 34014638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bioinspired self-assembly has been explored with diverse synthetic scaffolds, among which amphiphiles are perhaps the most extensively studied systems. Classical surfactants or amphiphilic block copolymers, depending on the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance, produce distinct nanostructures, which hold promise for applications ranging from biology to materials sciences. Nevertheless, their immiscibility-driven aggregation does not provide the opportunity to precisely regulate the internal order, morphology, or functional group display, which is highly desirable, especially in the context of biological applications.A new class of amphiphiles have emerged in the recent past in which the hydrophilic segment(s) is appended with a hydrophobic supramolecular-structure-directing-unit (SSDU), consisting of a π-conjugated chromophore and a H-bonding group. Self-recognition of the SSDU by attractive directional interactions governs the supramolecular assembly, which is fundamentally different than the repulsive solvent-immiscibility driven aggregation of traditional amphiphiles. Such SSDU-appended hydrophilic polymers exhibit entropy-driven highly stable self-assembly producing distinct nanostructures depending on the H-bonding functional group. For example, polymers with the hydrazide-functionalized SSDU attached form a polymersome, while in a sharp contrast, the same polymers when connected to an amide containing SSDU produce a cylindrical micelle via a spherical-micelle intermediate. This relationship holds true for a series of SSDU-attached hydrophilic polymers irrespective of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance or chemical structure, indicating that the supramolecular-assembly is primarily controlled by the specific molecular-recognition motif of the SSDU, instead of the packing parameter-based norms. Beyond synthetic polymers, SSDU-attached proteins also exhibit similar molecular-recognition driven self-assembly as well as coassembly with SSDU-attached polymers or hydrophilic wedges, producing multi-stimuli-responsive nanostructures in which the protein gains remarkable protection from thermal denaturation or enzymatic hydrolysis and exhibits redox-responsive enzymatic activity.Furthermore, SSDU-derived bola-shape π-amphiphiles have been recognized as a useful scaffold for the synthesis of unsymmetric polymersomes, rarely reported in the literature. The building block consists of a hydrophobic naphthalene-diimide (NDI) π-system attached to a hydrophilic functional group (ionic or nonionic) and a nonionic wedge on its two opposite arms. Extended H-bonding among the hydrazide groups, placed only on one side of the central chromophore by design, ensures stacking of the NDIs with parallel orientation and induces a preferred direction of curvature so that the H-bonded chain and consequently the functional groups attached to the same side remain at the inner-wall of the supramolecular polymersome. Automatically, the functional groups, located on the other side, are displayed at the outer surface. This design works for different amphiphiles, which by virtue of efficient and predictable functional group display, strongly influences the multivalent binding with different biological targets resulting in efficient enzyme inhibition, glycocluster effect, or antibacterial activity, depending on the nature of the functional group. By taking advantage of the electron accepting nature of the NDI, electron rich pyrene-containing amphiphiles can be costacked in alternating sequence, producing temperature and redox-responsive supramolecular polymers with NDI/pyrene stoichiometry-dependent morphology, lower critical solution temperature (LCST), functional group display, and antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Sikder
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Saptarshi Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Priya Rajdev
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pradip Dey
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Caporale A, Adorinni S, Lamba D, Saviano M. Peptide-Protein Interactions: From Drug Design to Supramolecular Biomaterials. Molecules 2021; 26:1219. [PMID: 33668767 PMCID: PMC7956380 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The self-recognition and self-assembly of biomolecules are spontaneous processes that occur in Nature and allow the formation of ordered structures, at the nanoscale or even at the macroscale, under thermodynamic and kinetic equilibrium as a consequence of specific and local interactions. In particular, peptides and peptidomimetics play an elected role, as they may allow a rational approach to elucidate biological mechanisms to develop new drugs, biomaterials, catalysts, or semiconductors. The forces that rule self-recognition and self-assembly processes are weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attractions, and van der Waals forces, and they underlie the formation of the secondary structure (e.g., α-helix, β-sheet, polyproline II helix), which plays a key role in all biological processes. Here, we present recent and significant examples whereby design was successfully applied to attain the desired structural motifs toward function. These studies are important to understand the main interactions ruling the biological processes and the onset of many pathologies. The types of secondary structure adopted by peptides during self-assembly have a fundamental importance not only on the type of nano- or macro-structure formed but also on the properties of biomaterials, such as the types of interaction, encapsulation, non-covalent interaction, or covalent interaction, which are ultimately useful for applications in drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Caporale
- IC-CNR, c/o Area Science Park, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Simone Adorinni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche di Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Doriano Lamba
- IC-CNR, c/o Area Science Park, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Consorzio Interuniversitario, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro 305, I-00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Saviano
- Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IC-CNR), Via Giovanni Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rho JY, Perrier S. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: User's Guide to Supramolecular Peptide-Polymer Conjugates. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:258-271. [PMID: 35570781 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This Viewpoint highlights the design principles and development of peptide-based supramolecular polymers. Here we delve deep into the practicalities of synthesizing and characterizing these macromolecular structures and provide a thorough overview of the benefits and challenges that come with these systems. This Viewpoint emphasizes to beginners and experts alike the importance of understanding the fundamental behavior and self-assembly processes when designing these complex and dynamic functional materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Y Rho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Victoria 3052, Australia.,Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xue X, Chen Y, Li Y, Liang K, Huang W, Yang H, Jiang L, Jiang Q, Chen F, Jiang T, Lin B, Jiang B, Pu H. Remarkable untangled dynamics behavior of multicyclic branched polystyrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:399-402. [PMID: 33326513 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07129c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A typical multicyclic branched-topology polystyrene (c-BPS) with high molecular weight (30 K ≤ Mw MALLS ≤ 300 K g mol-1) and narrow dispersity (1.2 ≤ Đ ≤ 1.3) was efficiently synthesized by combining atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) techniques. The topological constraints imposed by the presence of cyclic units and branch points had a marked influence on the entanglement behaviors of the polymer chains in solution. Therefore, c-BPS possesses the lowest loss modulus (G'') and viscosity (η), the highest diffusion coefficient (D0), the largest mesh size (ξ) and the fastest terminal relaxation (TR), compared with branched and linear precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovolatic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mellot G, Guigner JM, Jestin J, Bouteiller L, Stoffelbach F, Rieger J. Unexpected thermo-responsiveness of bisurea-functionalized hydrophilic polymers in water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 581:874-883. [PMID: 32823054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Thermoresponsive polymers are important materials for various applications. However, the number of polymers that exhibit this property in the temperature range of interest remains limited. The development of novel rational design strategies through the understanding of the thermal transition's origin is therefore of utmost importance. EXPERIMENTS Bisurea-functionalized water-soluble polymers were synthesized by RAFT polymerization. After direct dissolution in water, the supramolecular assemblies were analyzed by cryo-TEM and SANS. Their temperature-dependent water-solubility was characterized by various techniques, namely DLS, SANS, DSC, IR, to understand the origin of the temperature sensitivity. FINDINGS The supramolecular assemblies exhibit an unexpected temperature-dependent solubility. For instance, a cloud point of only 39 °C was measured for poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) assemblies. This property is not restricted to one specific polymer but is rather a general feature of bisurea-functionalized polymers that form supramacromolecular bottlebrushes in water. The results highlight the existence of two distinct transitions; the first one is a visually perceptible cloud point due to the aggregation of individual micelles, presumably driven by the hydrophobic effect. The second transition is related to the dissociation of intermolecular bisurea hydrogen bonds. Finally, we show that it is possible to widely tune the cloud point temperature through the formation of co-assemblies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Mellot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Guigner
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 - IRD - MNHN, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Jestin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR12 CEA-CNRS, Bât. 563, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 75252 Paris, France
| | - François Stoffelbach
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Jutta Rieger
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 75252 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gangadhar PS, Reddy G, Prasanthkumar S, Giribabu L. Phenothiazine functional materials for organic optoelectronic applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14969-14996. [PMID: 34231592 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01185e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phenothiazine (PTZ) is one of the most extensively investigated S, N heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons due to its unique optical, electronic properties, flexibility of functionalization, low cost, and commercial availability. Hence, PTZ and its derivative materials have been attractive in various optoelectronic applications in the last few years. In this prospective, we have focused on the most significant characteristics of PTZ and highlighted how the structural modifications such as different electron donors or acceptors, length of the π-conjugated system or spacers, polar or non-polar chains, and other functional groups influence the optoelectronic properties. This prospective provides a recent account of the advances in phenothiazine derivative materials as an active layer(s) for optoelectronic (viz. dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells (PSCs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistor (OFETs), chemosensing, nonlinear optical materials (NLOs), and supramolecular self-assembly applications. Finally, future prospects are discussed based on the structure-property relationship in PTZ-derivative materials. This overview will pave the way for researchers to design and develop new PTZ-functionalized structures and use them for various organic optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palivela Siva Gangadhar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Govind Reddy
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India.
| | - Seelam Prasanthkumar
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Lingamallu Giribabu
- Polymers & Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, TS, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovation Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Klein T, Ulrich HF, Gruschwitz FV, Kuchenbrod MT, Takahashi R, Hoeppener S, Nischang I, Sakurai K, Brendel JC. Overcoming the Necessity of a Lateral Aggregation in the Formation of Supramolecular Polymer Bottlebrushes in Water. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000585. [PMID: 33274820 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes in aqueous systems is, in most cases, associated with a lateral aggregation of the supramolecular building blocks in addition to their axial stacking. Here, it is demonstrated that this limitation can be overcome by attaching three polymer chains to a central supramolecular unit that possesses a sufficiently high number of hydrogen bonding units to compensate for the increased steric strain. Therefore, a 1,3,5-benzenetrisurea-polyethylene oxide conjugate is modified with different peptide units located next to the urea groups which should facilitate self-assembly in water. For a single amino acid per arm, spherical micelles are obtained for all three tested amino acids (alanine, leucine, and phenylalanine) featuring different hydrophobicities. Only a slight increase in size and solution stability of spherical micelles is observed with increasing hydrophobicity of amino acid unit. In contrast, introducing two amino acid units per arm and thus increasing the number of hydrogen bonds per unimer molecule results in the formation of cylindrical structures, that is, supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes, despite a suppressed lateral aggregation. Consequently, it can be concluded that the number of hydrogen bonds has a more profound impact on the resulting solution morphology than the hydrophobicity of the amino acid unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Klein
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Hans F Ulrich
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Franka V Gruschwitz
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Maren T Kuchenbrod
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Rintaro Takahashi
- Dr. R. Takahashi, Prof. K. Sakurai, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Dr. R. Takahashi, Prof. K. Sakurai, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0135, Japan
| | - Johannes C Brendel
- T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.,T. Klein, H. F. Ulrich, F. V. Gruschwitz, M. T. Kuchenbrod, Dr. S. Hoeppener, Dr. I. Nischang, Dr. J. C. Brendel, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Synthesis and self-assembly of optically active random copolymers bearing L-alanine and L-glutamic acid moieties in aqueous medium. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
28
|
Chakraborty S, Khamrui R, Ghosh S. Redox responsive activity regulation in exceptionally stable supramolecular assembly and co-assembly of a protein. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1101-1108. [PMID: 34163877 PMCID: PMC8179030 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05312k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular assembly of biomolecules/macromolecules stems from the desire to mimic complex biological structures and functions of living organisms. While DNA nanotechnology is already in an advanced stage, protein assembly is still in its infancy as it is a significantly difficult task due to their large molecular weight, conformational complexity and structural instability towards variation in temperature, pH or ionic strength. This article reports highly stable redox-responsive supramolecular assembly of a protein Bovine serum albumin (BSA) which is functionalized with a supramolecular structure directing unit (SSDU). The SSDU consists of a benzamide functionalized naphthalene-diimide (NDI) chromophore which is attached with the protein by a bio-reducible disulfide linker. The SSDU attached protein (NDI-BSA) exhibits spontaneous supramolecular assembly in water by off-set π-stacking among the NDI chromophores, leading to the formation of spherical nanoparticles (diameter: 150-200 nm). The same SSDU when connected with a small hydrophilic wedge (NDI-1) instead of the large globular protein, exhibits a different π-stacking mode with relatively less longitudinal displacement which results in a fibrillar network and hydrogelation. Supramolecular co-assembly of NDI-BSA and NDI-1 (3 : 7) produces similar π-stacking and an entangled 1D morphology. Both the spherical assembly of NDI-BSA or the fibrillar co-assembly of NDI-BSA + NDI-1 (3 : 7) provide sufficient thermal stability to the protein as its thermal denaturation could be completely surpassed while the secondary structure remained intact. However, the esterase like activity of the protein reduced significantly as a result of such supramolecular assembly indicating limited access by the substrate to the active site of the enzyme located in the confined environment. In the presence of glutathione (GSH), a biologically important tri-peptide, due to the cleavage of the disulfide bond, the protein became free and was released, resulting in fully regaining its enzymatic activity. Such supramolecular assembly provided excellent protection to the protein against enzymatic hydrolysis as the relative hydrolysis was estimated to be <30% for the co-assembled protein with respect to the free protein under identical conditions. Similar to bioactivity, the enzymatic hydrolysis also became prominent after GSH-treatment, confirming that the lack of hydrolysis in the supramolecularly assembled state is indeed related to the confinement of the protein in the nanostructure assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India-700032
| | - Rajesh Khamrui
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India-700032
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India-700032
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Takahashi R, Doi K, Fujii S, Sakurai K. Flower Necklaces of Controllable Length Formed From N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) Methacrylamide-Based Amphiphilic Statistical Copolymers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11556-11563. [PMID: 32931288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA)-based statistical copolymers bearing anticancer drugs have attracted attention for their efficacy in cancer treatments. However, controlling the size and morphology of aggregates of this type of polymer has been challenging and is far from being understood. In this study, small-angle X-ray scattering and asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation with multiangle light scattering were used to investigate the structure of aggregates formed in aqueous solutions of HPMA-based statistical copolymers of different molecular weights with the model drug pyrene borne in different amounts. The analysis revealed that spherical objects (flower micelles) were formed by the assembly of pyrene moieties in low-molecular-weight copolymers, and the flower micelles connected linearly to form string-of-pearls assemblies (flower necklaces) in high-molecular-weight copolymers. The number of pyrene moieties per polymer chain likely dominates the size and morphology of the copolymer micelles. This study shows how to alter the aggregate structure by changing the molecular weight and composition of copolymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Kiyomasa Doi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Shota Fujii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gruschwitz FV, Fu MC, Klein T, Takahashi R, Higashihara T, Hoeppener S, Nischang I, Sakurai K, Brendel JC. Unraveling Decisive Structural Parameters for the Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Polymer Bottlebrushes Based on Benzene Trisureas. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franka V. Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Mao-Chun Fu
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tobias Klein
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Rintaro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Tomoya Higashihara
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Klein T, Ulrich HF, Gruschwitz FV, Kuchenbrod MT, Takahashi R, Fujii S, Hoeppener S, Nischang I, Sakurai K, Brendel JC. Impact of amino acids on the aqueous self-assembly of benzenetrispeptides into supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The choice of the amino acid unit in benzenetrispeptide-PEO conjugates allows to fine-tune the self-assembly strength and to control the resulting solution morphologies in water.
Collapse
|
32
|
Helmers I, Bäumer N, Fernández G. Hydrophobic domain flexibility enables morphology control of amphiphilic systems in aqueous media. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13808-13811. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06173e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we unravel the impact of hydrophobic domain flexibility on the self-assembly pathways and aggregate morphology of amphiphilic systems in aqueous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Helmers
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|