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Yang Q, Xiong J, Duan L, Chen S, Peng Z, Liao X, Ning Z, Wang D. Polydopamine@ZIFs with enhanced electrochemiluminescence quenching performance for mycotoxin detection. Food Chem 2024; 439:138058. [PMID: 38043277 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Quench-type electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensors are appealing for detecting small molecule contaminants in signal-on mode, for which efficient ECL quenchers are highly desirable. Here, the classical quencher of polydopamine (PDA) was transformed into a unique structure by introducing zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs). Besides the inherent energy transfer quenching effect on ECL, the resulting PDA@ZIFs exhibits a high scavenging property against electrogenerated coreactant-radicals and inhibits the formation of excited luminophore. A quench-type ECL immunosensor for ochratoxin A (OTA) was developed using the PDA@ZIFs as a quencher and the g-C3N4 as a luminophore. The immunosensor showed a good response towards the OTA with a linear range of 10.0 fg/mL-1.0 ng/mL and a detection limit of 4.8 fg/mL. Acceptable recoveries of 85.7 to 109.2 % were achieved for the detection of OTA in spiked foods. This work offers valuable insight for improving the performance of quench-typed ECL biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jianhua Xiong
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Luying Duan
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Sida Chen
- Institute of Food Testing, Jiangxi General Institute of Testing and Certification, Nanchang 330052, China
| | - Zhongji Peng
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoning Liao
- Research Center of Mycotoxins, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhenqiang Ning
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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2
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Yao H, Wang X, Dong Y, Ye M. Promoting effect of TiVC MXene on cathodic electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) 32+ and its application in the sensitive detection of sulfite. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:206. [PMID: 38498074 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The enhanced cathodic ECL of Ru(bpy)32+ at a bimetallic element MXenes (TiVC MXene) modified electrode in neutral aqueous condition is reported. TiVC MXene significantly catalyzed the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) as well as the electrochemical reduction of Ru(bpy)32+ to produce reactive oxygen species and Ru(bpy)3+. The obtained hydroxyl radical (OH∙) not only oxidized Ru(bpy)3+ to generate Ru(bpy)32+* and emit light through coreactant pathway, but also oxidized Ru(bpy)32+ to Ru(bpy)33+, which caused an annihilation ECL reaction. As a result, two pathways occurred simultaneously to generate strong cathodic ECL signal. Sulfite removes the dissolved oxygen in water and reduces the occurrence of ORR, which prohibits the generation of OH∙ to decrease the ECL signal. The decrement of ECL intensity varied linearly with the concentration of sulfite in the range 2 nM to 50 μM with a detection limit of 0.14 nM (3σ). The proposed sensor exhibited good analytical performance, and could be used in the detection of sulfite in real samples. The results revealed that the electrocatalytic behavior of TiVC MXene is the key factor for strong cathodic Ru(bpy)32+ ECL, which provides new application in ECL sensing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China
| | - Yongping Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China.
| | - Mingfu Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China.
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3
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Xiao K, Zhu R, Zhang X, Du C, Chen J. Ultrasensitive detection and efficient removal of mercury ions based on covalent organic framework spheres with double active sites. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341751. [PMID: 37709436 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
In present work, a new spherical covalent organic framework (TFPB-APTU COF) with good photoelectric property and double active sites (secondary amine (-NH-) group and sulfur (S) atom) was prepared for ultrasensitive detection and efficient removal of mercury ions (Hg2+). The -NH- group and S atom can capture free Hg2+ by coordination and chelation interaction, and the related steric hindrance effect reduces the photocurrent signal of the TFPB-APTU COF, resulting in the highly sensitive photoelectrochemical analysis of Hg2+ with a wide linear response range (0.01-100000 nM) and low detection limit (0.006 nM). On the other hand, the developed TFPB-APTU COF has large removal capacity (2692 mg g-1), good regeneration capability, and high removal speed for Hg2+ removal based on the double active sites (-NH- group and S atom), large specific surface area and porous spherical structure. The developed TFPB-APTU COF spheres show great potential in monitoring and treatment of environmental pollution of Hg2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Cuicui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Jinhua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
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Li S, Qin Z, Fu J, Gao Q. Nanobiosensing Based on Electro-Optically Modulated Technology. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2400. [PMID: 37686908 PMCID: PMC10489767 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
At the nanoscale, metals exhibit special electrochemical and optical properties, which play an important role in nanobiosensing. In particular, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based on precious metal nanoparticles, as a kind of tag-free biosensor technology, has brought high sensitivity, high reliability, and convenient operation to sensor detection. By applying an electrochemical excitation signal to the nanoplasma device, modulating its surface electron density, and realizing electrochemical coupling SPR, it can effectively complete the joint transmission of electrical and optical signals, increase the resonance shift of the spectrum, and further improve the sensitivity of the designed biosensor. In addition, smartphones are playing an increasingly important role in portable mobile sensor detection systems. These systems typically connect sensing devices to smartphones to perceive different types of information, from optical signals to electrochemical signals, providing ideas for the portability and low-cost design of these sensing systems. Among them, electrochemiluminescence (ECL), as a special electrochemically coupled optical technology, has good application prospects in mobile sensing detection due to its strong anti-interference ability, which is not affected by background light. In this review, the SPR is introduced using nanoparticles, and its response process is analyzed theoretically. Then, the mechanism and sensing application of electrochemistry coupled with SPR and ECL are emphatically introduced. Finally, it extends to the relevant research on electrochemically coupled optical sensing on mobile detection platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Q.); (J.F.); (Q.G.)
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Lv L, Chen Q, Jing C, Wang X. An ultrasensitive ratiometric aptasensor based on the dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy) 32+ in a novel ternary system for detection of Patulin in fruit products. Food Chem 2023; 415:135780. [PMID: 36863239 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
To sensitively monitor trace-level of toxic patulin (PAT), an ultrasensitive PAT ratiometric aptasensor based on the dual-potential electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(bpy)32+ was first proposed. Noteworthily, Ru(bpy)32+-doped trimetallic nanocube (Ru@Tri) innovatively integrated the luminophore and cathode coreaction accelerator (CCA), which could generate strong cathodic ECL in the existence of low concentration of K2S2O8. Simultaneously, anthocyanin-derived carbon quantum dots (anth-CQDs) prepared from purple potato skins was first served as a green anodic coreactant. And SiO2-coated anth-CQDs (anth-CQDs@SiO2) exhibited excellent performance for enhancing anodic ECL of Ru@Tri. Based on this, a novel ternary ECL system was established. In the presence of PAT, the ECL intensity ratio of anode to cathode (IECL-A/IECL-C) was significantly increased, and a low detection limit of 0.05 pg mL-1 was obtained. Moreover, when proposed method and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were simultaneously applied to series of fruit products, the obtained results were completely consistent, reflecting its practicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangrui Lv
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - QingQing Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunyang Jing
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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6
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Wang S, Zhu S, Kang Z, Wang X, Deng Z, Hu K, Hu J, Liu X, Wang G, Zang G, Zhang Y. Particle Size-Controlled Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reaction Nanocatalysts Regulate Ru(bpy) 32+'s Dual-potential Electrochemiluminescence for Sandwich Immunoassay. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0117. [PMID: 37287888 PMCID: PMC10243198 DOI: 10.34133/research.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple signal strategies remarkably improve the accuracy and efficiency of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassays, but the lack of potential-resolved luminophore pairs and chemical cross talk hinders their development. In this study, we synthesized a series of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/reduced graphene oxide (Au/rGO) composites as adjustable oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction catalysts to promote and modulate tris(2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+)'s multisignal luminescence. With the increase in the diameter of AuNPs (3 to 30 nm), their ability to promote Ru(bpy)32+'s anodic ECL was first impaired and then strengthened, and cathodic ECL was first enhanced and then weakened. Au/rGOs with medium-small and medium-large AuNP diameters remarkably increased Ru(bpy)32+'s cathodic and anodic luminescence, respectively. Notably, the stimulation effects of Au/rGOs were superior to those of most existing Ru(bpy)32+ co-reactants. Moreover, we proposed a novel ratiometric immunosensor construction strategy using Ru(bpy)32+'s luminescence promoter rather than luminophores as tags of antibodies to achieve signal resolution. This method avoids signal cross talk between luminophores and their respective co-reactants, which achieved a good linear range of 10-7 to 10-1 ng/ml and a limit of detection of 0.33 fg/ml for detecting carcinoembryonic antigen. This study addresses the previous scarcity of the macromolecular co-reactants of Ru(bpy)32+, broadening its application in biomaterial detection. Furthermore, the systematic clarification of the detailed mechanisms for converting the potential-resolved luminescence of Ru(bpy)32+ could facilitate an in-depth understanding of the ECL process and should inspire new designs of Ru(bpy)32+ luminescence enhancers or applications of Au/rGOs to other luminophores. This work removes some impediments to the development of multisignal ECL biodetection systems and provides vitality into their widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wang
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ziqi Kang
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiangxiu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kun Hu
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Department of Pathology,
Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, China
| | - Xiancheng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,
Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Department of Pathophysiology,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- Institute of Life Science and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center,
Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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7
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Fang Y, Zhou Z, Hou Y, Wang C, Cao X, Liu S, Shen Y, Zhang Y. Highly Efficient Wavelength-Resolved Electrochemiluminescence of Carbon Nitride Films for Ultrasensitive Multiplex MicroRNA Detection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:6620-6628. [PMID: 37040595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters of different colors with high ECL efficiency (ΦECL) is appealing yet challenging for ultrasensitive multiplexed bioassays. Herein, we report the synthesis of highly efficient polymeric carbon nitride (CN) films with fine-tuned ECL emission from blue to green (410, 450, 470, and 525 nm) using the precursor crystallization method. More importantly, naked eye-observable and significantly enhanced ECL emission was achieved, and the cathodic ΦECL values were ca. 112, 394, 353, and 251 times those of the aqueous Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8 reference. Mechanism studies showed that the density of surface-trapped electrons, the associated nonradiative decay pathways, and electron-hole recombination kinetics were crucial factors for the high ΦECL of CN. Based on high ΦECL and different colors of ECL emission, the wavelength-resolved multiplexing ECL biosensor was constructed to simultaneously detect miRNA-21 and miRNA-141 with superior low detection limits of 0.13 fM and 25.17 aM, respectively. This work provides a facile method to synthesize wavelength-resolved ECL emitters based on metal-free CN polymers with high ΦECL for multiplexed bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Fang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhixin Zhou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuhua Hou
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xuwen Cao
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Devices, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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8
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Ma JX, Wang YL, Chen C, Cao JT, Liu YM. Label-Free Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) Determination of Mercury (II) Based upon the Cation Exchange Reaction with Cadmium Sulfide Nanowires. ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2149768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xin Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yu-Ling Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jun-Tao Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yan-Ming Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
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9
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Dong X, Zhao G, Li Y, Zeng Q, Ma H, Wu D, Ren X, Wei Q, Ju H. Dual-Mechanism Quenching of Electrochemiluminescence Immunosensor Based on a Novel ECL Emitter Polyoxomolybdate-Zirconia for 17β-Estradiol Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12742-12749. [PMID: 36054064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reagents has been a breakthrough work in ECL immunoassay. In this work, the ECL properties of polyoxomolybdate-zirconia (POM-ZrO2) were discovered for the first time and their luminescence mechanism was initially explored. Virgulate POM-ZrO2 was synthesized from phosphomolybdic acid hydrate and zirconium oxychloride by solvothermal method, which achieved intense and stabilized cathode ECL emission at a negative potential. Polyaniline@Au nanocrystals (PANI@AuNPs) as the executor of the dual-mechanism quenching strategy were used to reduce the output signal. The quenching efficiency was significantly enhanced by the dual mechanisms of ECL energy transfer and electron transfer. Specifically, PANI@AuNPs can serve as an energy receptor to absorb the energy emitted by POM-ZrO2 (energy donor), while the appropriate energy level can be regarded as the condition for electron transfer to quench the ECL intensity of POM-ZrO2. Herein, the proposed dual-mechanism quenching strategy was applied to the immunoassay of 17β-estradiol by constructing a competitive immunosensor. As expected, the immunosensor demonstrated favorable analytical performance and a wide sensing range from 0.01 pg/mL to 200 ng/mL. Hence, it provides a novel method for the sensitive analysis of other biomolecules, such as disease markers and environmental estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhui Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Hongmin Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Chemical Manufacturing and Accurate Detection, Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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10
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Malik R, Joshi N, Tomer VK. Functional graphitic carbon (IV) nitride: A versatile sensing material. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Zhao J, Zhou Y, He Y, Tan X, Yuan R, Chen S. Dual-emitting BP-CdTe QDs coupled with dual-function moderator TiO2 NSs for electrochemiluminescence ratio bioassay. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Yang G, Zhang Y, Zhao J, He Y, Yuan R, Chen S. Dual-emitting Iridium nanorods combining dual-regulating coreaction accelerator Ag nanoparticles for electrochemiluminescence ratio determination of amyloid-β oligomers. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114629. [PMID: 36001932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Iridium(III) complexes have been developed as eminent electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores, but their current applications are only limited to anodic ECL emission because of weak cathodic ECL emission. This work explored poly(styrene-co-maleicanhydride) (PSMA) as functional reagent to modulate iridium(III) complexes to simultaneously emit bipolar ECL signals. The prepared iridium(III) nanorods (Ir NRs) were detected strong bipolar ECL emissions at +0.9 V and -2.0 V with N,N-diisopropylethylenediamine (DPEA) and persulfate (S2O82-) as coreactant, respectively. Meanwhile, Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were developed as dual-regulating coreaction accelerator to boost the bipolar emissions of Ir NRs simultaneously. The dual-emitting Ir NRs coupled with dual-regulating coreaction accelerator Ag NPs facilitated the construction of mono-luminophore-based ECL ratio strategy for detecting amyloid-β oligomers (AβO). When the target AβO appeared, the Mg2+-dependent DNAzyme-powered biped walkers were unlocked to cleave single-stranded S1 immobilized on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs), resulting in the production of massive single-stranded ST. Then, the output ST cleaved hairpin H1 captured by Ir NRs modified electrode to produce numerous single strands, which could initiate the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) between Ag NPs-labeled H2 and Ag NPs-labeled H3 to introduce abundant Ag NPs onto the electrode surface. Due to the enhancement effect of Ag NPs on the bipolar ECL emissions from Ir NRs, the ECL ratio detection of AβO was achieved with the detection limit of 0.62 pM. The unique dual-emitting properties of Ir NRs coupled with dual-regulating effect of Ag NPs provided an interesting mono-luminophore-based ECL ratio sensing platform for biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jinwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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13
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Li M, Wu Y, An S, Yan Z. Au NP-Decorated g-C 3N 4-Based Photoelectochemical Biosensor for Sensitive Mercury Ions Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:19622-19630. [PMID: 35721978 PMCID: PMC9202297 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an efficient and feasible photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor based on gold nanoparticle-decorated graphitic-like carbon nitride (Au NPs@g-C3N4) with excellent photoelectric performance was designed for the highly sensitive detection of mercury ions (Hg2+) . The proposed Au NPs@g-C3N4 was first modified on the surface of the electrode, which possessed a remarkable photocurrent conversion efficiency and could produce a strong initial photocurrent. Then, the thymine-rich DNA (S1) was immobilized on the surface of the modified electrode via Au-N bonds. Subsequently, 1-hexanethiol (HT) was added to the resultant electrode to block nonspecific binding sites. Finally, the target Hg2+ was incubated on the surface of the modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). In the presence of target Hg2+, the thymine-Hg2+-thymine (T-Hg2+-T) structure formed due to the selective capture capability of thymine base pairs toward Hg2+, resulting in the significantly decrease of the photocurrent. Thereafter, the proposed PEC biosensor was successfully used for sensitive Hg2+ detection, as it possessed a wide linear range from 1 pM to 1000 nM with a low detection limit of 0.33 pM. Importantly, this study demonstrates a new method of detecting Hg2+ and provides a promising platform for the detection of other heavy metal ions of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Li
- School
of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing
University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
- Institute
for Health and Environment, Chongqing University
of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- School
of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing
University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
- Institute
for Health and Environment, Chongqing University
of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Siyu An
- School
of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing
University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
- Institute
for Health and Environment, Chongqing University
of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Zhitao Yan
- School
of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing
University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
- Institute
for Health and Environment, Chongqing University
of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
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14
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Liu C, Wang H, Hu X, Cao Y, Fang G. Construction of an ECL Detection Platform for Sensitive Detection of Carbaryl Based on an Eu3+-Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework Encapsulated with Nanogold. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101487. [PMID: 35627057 PMCID: PMC9141832 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, an Eu3+-MOF-253@Au electrochemiluminescence sensor was successfully constructed for the first time by encapsulating nanogold in the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) backbone and pore channels, and assembling Eu3+ on the MOF backbone. Firstly, the introduction of nanogold overcomes the weakness of MOFs, which was difficult to achieve, and enhances its catalytic performance, followed by the modification of Eu3+ to confer the electrochemiluminescence performance and the function of target detection on the sensor. Moreover, carbaryl was placed in an alkaline working solution to enhance the intensity of electrochemiluminescence signal, as well as to promote the hydrolysis of carbaryl into 1-naphthol, which caused the burst of Eu3+-MOF-253@Au electrochemiluminescence sensor, thereby achieving the sensitive detection of carbaryl. On this basis, the electrochemiluminescence detection conditions were optimized, the performance was analyzed, and finally it was successfully used for the detection of carbaryl with good linearity in the range of 0.2–200 μg L−1 and a low detection limit (0.14 μg L−1).
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15
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Li L, Zhao W, Zhang J, Luo L, Liu X, Li X, You T, Zhao C. Label-free Hg(II) electrochemiluminescence sensor based on silica nanoparticles doped with a self-enhanced Ru(bpy) 32+-carbon nitride quantum dot luminophore. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 608:1151-1161. [PMID: 34735851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.10.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a label-free, self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing strategy for divalent mercury (Hg(II)) detection was presented. First, a novel self-enhanced ECL luminophore was prepared by combining the ECL reagent tris(2, 2'-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium(II) hexahydrate (Ru(bpy)32+) and its co-reactant carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) via electrostatic interactions. In contrast to traditional ECL systems where the emitter and its co-reactant underwent an intermolecular reaction, the self-enhanced ECL system exhibited a shortened electron-transfer distance and enhanced luminous efficiency because the electrons transferred from CNQDs to oxidized Ru(bpy)32+ via an intramolecular pathway. Furthermore, the as-prepared self-enhanced ECL material was encapsulated in silica (SiO2) nanoparticles to generate a Ru-QDs@SiO2 luminophore. Based on the different affinity of Ru-QDs@SiO2 nanoparticles for single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and Hg(II)-triggered double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), a label-free ECL biosensor for Hg(II) detection was developed as follows: in the absence of Hg(II), ssDNA was adsorbed on Ru-QDs@SiO2 surface via hydrogen bond, electrostatic, and hydrophobic interaction. Thus, quenched ECL signal was observed. On the contrary, in the presence of Hg(II), stable dsDNA was formed and carried the ssDNA separating from Ru-QDs@SiO2 surface, resulting in most of Ru-QDs@SiO2 existing in their free state. Therefore, a recovered ECL intensity was obtained. On this basis, Hg(II) was measured by the proposed method in the range of 0.1 nM-10 μM, with a detection limit of 33 pM. Finally, Hg(II) spiked in water samples was measured to evaluate the practicality of the fabricated biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wanlin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Qingdao Hengxing University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Tianyan You
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Chunjiang Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture (NERCITA), Beijing 100097, China.
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16
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Li YJ, Cui WR, Jiang QQ, Liang RP, Li XJ, Wu Q, Luo QX, Liu J, Qiu JD. Arousing Electrochemiluminescence Out of Non-Electroluminescent Monomers within Covalent Organic Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47921-47931. [PMID: 34601862 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with stable long-range ordered arrangements are promising materials for organic optoelectronics. However, their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) from non-ECL active monomers has not been realized. Here, we report a design strategy for ECL-emitting COF family. The donors and acceptors co-crystallized and stacked into the highly aligned array of olefin-linked COFs, so that electrons can be transported freely. By this means, a tunable ECL is activated from non-ECL molecules with the maximum efficiency of 32.1% in water with the dissolved oxygen as an inner coreactant, and no additional noxious co-reactant is needed any more. Quantum chemistry calculations further demonstrate that this design reduces the COFs' band gaps and the overlap of electrons and holes in the excited state for better photoelectric properties and stronger ECL signals. This work exploits a basis to envisage the broad application potential of ECL-COFs for various biosensors and light-emitting display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xue-Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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17
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Zhao J, He Y, Tan K, Yang J, Chen S, Yuan R. Novel Ratiometric Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor Based on BP-CdTe QDs with Dual Emission for Detecting MicroRNA-126. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12400-12408. [PMID: 34469691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) ratiometric assay is usually based on two different ECL luminophores, and the choice of two suitable luminophores and shared co-reactant makes its construction challenging. The single-emitter-based ECL ratio mode could overcome the limitation of two luminophores and simplify the construction process, so it is an ideal choice. In this work, CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs) were modulated using black phosphorus (BP) nanosheet to simultaneously emit the cathodic and anodic ECL signals, and H2O2 and tripropylamine (TPrA) served as the cathodic and anodic co-reactants, respectively. MicroRNA-126 (miRNA-126) was selected as the template target to exploit the application of BP-CdTe QDs in the single-emitter-based ECL ratio detection. Through the target recycling triggering rolling-circle amplification (RCA) reaction, a large amount of glucose oxidase (GOx)-modified single strand 1 was introduced. GOx catalyzed glucose to produce H2O2 in situ, which acted as a dual-role moderator to quench the anodic ECL emission with TPrA as the co-reactant while enhancing the cathodic emission, thereby realizing the ratiometric detection of miRNA-126 with a low detection limit of 29 aM (S/N = 3). The dual-ECL-emitting BP-CdTe QDs with TPrA-H2O2 as dual co-reactant provide a superior ECL ratio platform involving enzyme catalytic reaction, expanding the application of single-emitter-based ratio sensing in the diverse biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Kejun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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18
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Li YJ, Cui WR, Jiang QQ, Wu Q, Liang RP, Luo QX, Qiu JD. A general design approach toward covalent organic frameworks for highly efficient electrochemiluminescence. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4735. [PMID: 34354067 PMCID: PMC8342611 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) plays a key role in analysis and sensing because of its high sensitivity and low background. Its wide applications are however limited by a lack of highly tunable ECL luminophores. Here we develop a scalable method to design ECL emitters of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in aqueous medium by simultaneously restricting the donor and acceptor to the COFs' tight electron configurations and constructing high-speed charge transport networks through olefin linkages. This design allows efficient intramolecular charge transfer for strong ECL, and no exogenous poisonous co-reactants are needed. Olefin-linked donor-acceptor conjugated COFs, systematically synthesized by combining non-ECL active monomers with C2v or C3v symmetry, exhibit strong ECL signals, which can be boosted by increasing the chain length and conjugation of monomers. The present concept demonstrates that the highly efficient COF-based ECL luminophores can be precisely designed, providing a promising direction toward COF-based ECL phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Li
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Wei-Rong Cui
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Jiang
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiong Wu
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Qiu-Xia Luo
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- grid.260463.50000 0001 2182 8825College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031 China ,grid.495255.aCollege of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang, 337055 China
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19
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Enhanced electrochemiluminescence ratiometric cytosensing based on surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles and nanosucculent films. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113367. [PMID: 34091285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ramos cells are human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, which are a kind of cancer cells to facilitate the monitoring of the relevant biological processes of cancers. Sensitive and accurate detection of Ramos cells using emerging ratiometric ECL biosensing technology shows increasing importance, however, the target analytes of current ratiometric ECL biosensors are mainly limited to DNA/RNA or proteins. In this study, we proposed a dual-potential ratiometric sensing strategy for the electrochemiluminescence detection of Ramos cells based on two types of electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-responding molecular. Au nanosucculent films (AuNFs) were electrodeposited on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode to increase the effective area of the electrode for more efficient assembly of DNA and effectively improving the conductivity of the sensing interfaces. In the presence of Ramos cells, aptamers capped with Au@luminol would conjugate with Ramos cells and then remove from AuNFs, accompanying the decrease of ECL signal from Au@luminol. Then, Au-DNA was captured and alternately hybridized with DNA-modified CdS nanocrystals (NCs) on the surface of AuNFs with the formation of a super reticulate structure. The reticulate structure not only raised another identified ECL signal from CdS NCs but also greatly promoted its ECL intensity from the surface plasmon resonance originating from Au NPs. The value of log (ECLCdS/ECLluminol) and the logarithm of the number of cells exhibit considerable linear relation ranging from 80 to 8 × 105 cells mL-1 with a low detection limit of 20 cells mL-1 (S/N = 3). The selectivity and specificity of this dual-potential ECL sensor showed good performance and indicated considerable promise in avoiding false-positive results in detection.
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