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John T, Rampioni A, Poger D, Mark AE. Molecular Insights into the Dynamics of Amyloid Fibril Growth: Elongation and Lateral Assembly of GNNQQNY Protofibrils. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:716-723. [PMID: 38235697 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of peptides and proteins into β-sheet rich amyloid fibrils is linked to both functional and pathological states. In this study, the growth of fibrillar structures of the short peptide GNNQQNY, a fragment from the yeast prion Sup35 protein, was examined. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to study alternative mechanisms of fibril growth, including elongation through binding of monomers as well as fibril self-assembly into larger, more mature structures. It was found that after binding, monomers diffused along preformed fibrils toward the ends, supporting the mechanism of fibril growth via elongation. Lateral assembly of protofibrils was found to occur readily, suggesting that this could be the key to transitioning from isolated fibrils to mature multilayer structures. Overall, the work provides mechanistic insights into the competitive pathways that govern amyloid fibril growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten John
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Aldo Rampioni
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - David Poger
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Alan E Mark
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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2
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Sarkar D, Bhunia A. Delineating the Role of GxxxG Motif in Amyloidogenesis: A New Perspective in Targeting Amyloid-Beta Mediated AD Pathogenesis. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2024; 4:4-19. [PMID: 38404748 PMCID: PMC10885112 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of a novel structural motif that can shed light on the key functional attributes is a primary focus in the study of protein folding disorders. Decades of research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) have centered on the Amyloid β (Aβ) pathway, highlighting its significance in understanding the disorder. The diversity in the Aβ pathway and the possible silent tracks which are yet to discover, makes it exceedingly intimidating to the interdisciplinary scientific community. Over the course of AD research, Aβ has consistently been at the forefront of scientific inquiry and discussion. In this review, we epitomize the role of a potential structural motif (GxxxG motif) that may provide a new horizon to the Aβ conflict. We emphasize on how comprehensive understanding of this motif from a structure-function perspective may pave the way for designing novel therapeutics intervention in AD and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Sector V, Salt Lake EN
80, Kolkata 700 091, India
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, Sector V, Salt Lake EN
80, Kolkata 700 091, India
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3
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Lv Y, Yan S, Deng K, Chen Z, Yang Z, Li F, Luo Q. Unlocking the Molecular Variations of a Micron-Scale Amyloid Plaque in an Early Stage Alzheimer's Disease by a Cellular-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging Platform. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:337-345. [PMID: 38166448 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncovering the molecular changes at the site where Aβ is deposited plays a critical role in advancing the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is currently a lack of a suitable label-free imaging method with a high spatial resolution for brain tissue analysis. In this study, we propose a modified desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method, called segmented temperature-controlled DESI (STC-DESI), to achieve high-resolution and high-sensitivity spatial metabolomics observation by precisely controlling desorption and ionization temperatures. By concentrating the spray plume and accelerating solvent evaporation at different temperatures, we achieved an impressive spatial resolution of 20 μm that enables direct observation of the heterogeneity around a single cell or an individual Aβ plaque and an exciting sensitivity that allows a variety of low-abundance metabolites and less ionizable neutral lipids to be detected. We applied this STC-DESI method to analyze the brains of transgenic AD mice and identified molecular changes associated with individual Aβ aggregates. More importantly, our study provides the first evidence that carnosine is significantly depleted and 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) levels rise sharply around Aβ deposits. These observations highlight the potential of carnosine as a sensitive molecular probe for clinical magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis and the potential of 5-CQA as an efficient therapeutic strategy for Aβ clearance in the early AD stage. Overall, our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our STC-DESI method and shed light on the potential roles of these molecules in AD pathology, specifically in cellular endocytosis, gray matter network disruption, and paravascular Aβ clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Lv
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuxiong Yan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Ka Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhiyi Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Fang Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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4
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Sun C, Slade L, Mbonu P, Ordner H, Mitchell C, Mitchell M, Liang FC. Membrane protein chaperone and sodium chloride modulate the kinetics and morphology of amyloid beta aggregation. FEBS J 2024; 291:158-176. [PMID: 37786925 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is a biological phenomenon caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides are derived from the cleavage of a larger membrane protein molecule and accumulate to form plaques extracellularly. According to the amyloid hypothesis, accumulation of Aβ aggregates in the brain is primarily responsible for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, the disassembly of Aβ aggregates may provide opportunities for alleviating or treating AD. Here, we show that the novel protein targeting machinery from chloroplast, chloroplast signal recognition particle 43 (cpSRP43), is an ATP-independent membrane protein chaperone that can both prevent and reverse Aβ aggregation effectively. Using of thioflavin T dye, we obtained the aggregation kinetics of Aβ aggregation and determined that the chaperone prevents Aβ aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. Size exclusion chromatography and sedimentation assays showed that 10-fold excess of cpSRP43 can keep Aβ in the soluble monomeric form. Electron microscopy showed that the fibril structure was disrupted in the presence of this chaperone. Importantly, cpSRP43 utilizes the binding energy to actively remodel the preformed Aβ aggregates without assistance by a co-chaperone and ATP, emphasizing its unique function among protein chaperones. Moreover, when sodium chloride concentration is higher than 25 mm, the Aβ aggregation rate increases drastically to form tightly associated aggregates and generate more oligomers. Our results demonstrate that the presence of cpSRP43 and low NaCl levels inhibit or retard Aβ peptide aggregation, potentially opening new avenues to strategically develop an effective treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sun
- Department of Biology, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Leah Slade
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Prisca Mbonu
- Department of Biology, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Hunter Ordner
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Connor Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
| | - Fu-Cheng Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Midwestern State University, Wichita Falls, TX, USA
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5
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Gardon L, Becker N, Rähse N, Hölbling C, Apostolidis A, Schulz CM, Bochinsky K, Gremer L, Heise H, Lakomek NA. Amyloid fibril formation kinetics of low-pH denatured bovine PI3K-SH3 monitored by three different NMR techniques. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1254721. [PMID: 38046811 PMCID: PMC10691488 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1254721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Misfolding of amyloidogenic proteins is a molecular hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases in humans. A detailed understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is mandatory for developing innovative therapeutic approaches. The bovine PI3K-SH3 domain has been a model system for aggregation and fibril formation. Methods: We monitored the fibril formation kinetics of low pH-denatured recombinantly expressed [U-13C, 15N] labeled bovine PI3K-SH3 by a combination of solution NMR, high-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) NMR and solid-state NMR spectra. Solution NMR offers the highest sensitivity and, therefore, allows for the recording of two-dimensional NMR spectra with residue-specific resolution for individual time points of the time series. However, it can only follow the decay of the aggregating monomeric species. In solution NMR, aggregation occurs under quiescent experimental conditions. Solid-state NMR has lower sensitivity and allows only for the recording of one-dimensional spectra during the time series. Conversely, solid-state NMR is the only technique to detect disappearing monomers and aggregated species in the same sample by alternatingly recoding scalar coupling and dipolar coupling (CP)-based spectra. HR-MAS NMR is used here as a hybrid method bridging solution and solid-state NMR. In solid-state NMR and HR-MAS NMR the sample is agitated due to magic angle spinning. Results: Good agreement of the decay rate constants of monomeric SH3, measured by the three different NMR methods, is observed. Moderate MAS up to 8 kHz seems to influence the aggregation kinetics of seeded fibril formation only slightly. Therefore, under sufficient seeding (1% seeds used here), quiescent conditions (solution NMR), and agitated conditions deliver similar results, arguing against primary nucleation induced by MAS as a major contributor. Using solid-state NMR, we find that the amount of disappeared monomer corresponds approximately to the amount of aggregated species under the applied experimental conditions (250 µM PI3K-SH3, pH 2.5, 298 K, 1% seeds) and within the experimental error range. Data can be fitted by simple mono-exponential conversion kinetics, with lifetimes τ in the 14-38 h range. Atomic force microscopy confirms that fibrils substantially grew in length during the aggregation experiment. This argues for fibril elongation as the dominant growth mechanism in fibril mass (followed by the CP-based solid-state NMR signal). Conclusion: We suggest a combined approach employing both solution NMR and solid-state NMR, back-to-back, on two aliquots of the same sample under seeding conditions as an additional approach to follow monomer depletion and growth of fibril mass simultaneously. Atomic force microscopy images confirm fibril elongation as a major contributor to the increase in fibril mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gardon
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Becker
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nick Rähse
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Hölbling
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Athina Apostolidis
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Celina M. Schulz
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kevin Bochinsky
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Lothar Gremer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nils-Alexander Lakomek
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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6
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Sofińska K, Batys P, Cernescu A, Ghosh D, Skirlińska-Nosek K, Barbasz J, Seweryn S, Wilkosz N, Riek R, Szymoński M, Lipiec E. Nanoscale insights into the local structural rearrangements of amyloid-β induced by bexarotene. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14606-14614. [PMID: 37614107 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01608k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the abnormal protein aggregation and the effect of anti-aggregation agents on the fibrillation pathways and the secondary structure of aggregates can determine strategies for the early treatment of dementia. Herein, we present a combination of experimental and theoretical studies providing new insights into the influence of the anti-aggregation drug bexarotene on the secondary structure of individual amyloid-β aggregates and its primary aggregation. The molecular rearrangements and the spatial distribution of β-sheets within individual aggregates were monitored at the nanoscale with infrared nanospectroscopy. We observed that bexarotene limits the parallel β-sheets formation, known to be highly abundant in fibrils at later phases of the amyloid-β aggregation composed of in-register cross-β structure. Moreover, we applied molecular dynamics to provide molecular-level insights into the investigated system. Both theoretical and experimental results revealed that bexarotene slows down the protein aggregation process via steric effects, largely prohibiting the antiparallel to parallel β-sheet rearrangement. We also found that bexarotene interacts not only via the single hydrogen bond formation with the peptide backbone but also with the amino acid side residue via a hydrophobic effect. The studied model of the drug-amyloid-β interaction contributes to a better understanding of the inhibition mechanism of the amyloid-β aggregation by the small molecule drugs. However, our nanoscale findings need to meet in vivo research requiring different analytical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Sofińska
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Batys
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Dhiman Ghosh
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katarzyna Skirlińska-Nosek
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Barbasz
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sara Seweryn
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
- Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Wilkosz
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Reymonta 19, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Roland Riek
- ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marek Szymoński
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Lipiec
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
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7
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Chiliveri SC, Shen Y, Baber JL, Ying J, Sagar V, Wistow G, Anfinrud P, Bax A. Experimental NOE, Chemical Shift, and Proline Isomerization Data Provide Detailed Insights into Amelotin Oligomerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18063-18074. [PMID: 37548612 PMCID: PMC10436275 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Amelotin is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) rich in Pro residues and is involved in hydroxyapatite mineralization. It rapidly oligomerizes under physiological conditions of pH and pressure but reverts to its monomeric IDP state at elevated pressure. We identified a 105-residue segment of the protein that becomes ordered upon oligomerization, and we used pressure-jump NMR spectroscopy to measure long-range NOE contacts that exist exclusively in the oligomeric NMR-invisible state. The kinetics of oligomerization and dissociation were probed at the residue-specific level, revealing that the oligomerization process is initiated in the C-terminal half of the segment. Using pressure-jump NMR, the degree of order in the oligomer at the sites of Pro residues was probed by monitoring changes in cis/trans equilibria relative to the IDP state after long-term equilibration under oligomerizing conditions. Whereas most Pro residues revert to trans in the oligomeric state, Pro-49 favors a cis configuration and three Pro residues retain an unchanged cis fraction, pointing to their local lack of order in the oligomeric state. NOE contacts and secondary 13C chemical shifts in the oligomeric state indicate the presence of an 11-residue α-helix, preceded by a small intramolecular antiparallel β-sheet, with slower formation of long-range intermolecular interactions to N-terminal residues. Although none of the models generated by AlphaFold2 for the amelotin monomer was consistent with experimental data, subunits of a hexamer generated by AlphaFold-Multimer satisfied intramolecular NOE and chemical shift data and may provide a starting point for developing atomic models for the oligomeric state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Chaitanya Chiliveri
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Yang Shen
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - James L. Baber
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Jinfa Ying
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Vatsala Sagar
- Section
on Molecular Structure and Function, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Graeme Wistow
- Section
on Molecular Structure and Function, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Philip Anfinrud
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ad Bax
- Laboratory
of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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8
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 135:e202215785. [PMID: 38515735 PMCID: PMC10952214 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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9
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Viles JH. Imaging Amyloid-β Membrane Interactions: Ion-Channel Pores and Lipid-Bilayer Permeability in Alzheimer's Disease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215785. [PMID: 36876912 PMCID: PMC10953358 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of the amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) is central to the development of Alzheimer's disease. The mechanism by which Aβ triggers a cascade of events that leads to dementia is a topic of intense investigation. Aβ self-associates into a series of complex assemblies with different structural and biophysical properties. It is the interaction of these oligomeric, protofibril and fibrillar assemblies with lipid membranes, or with membrane receptors, that results in membrane permeability and loss of cellular homeostasis, a key event in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Aβ can have an array of impacts on lipid membranes, reports have included: a carpeting effect; a detergent effect; and Aβ ion-channel pore formation. Recent advances imaging these interactions are providing a clearer picture of Aβ induced membrane disruption. Understanding the relationship between different Aβ structures and membrane permeability will inform therapeutics targeting Aβ cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Viles
- Department of Biochemistry, SBBS, Queen MaryUniversity of LondonUK
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10
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Dey P, Biswas P. Exploring the aggregation of amyloid-β 42 through Monte Carlo simulations. Biophys Chem 2023; 297:107011. [PMID: 37037120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulations are performed for a disordered protein, amyloid-β 42 to identify the interactions and understand the mechanism of its aggregation. A statistical potential is developed from a selected dataset of intrinsically disordered proteins, which accounts for the respective contributions of the bonded and non-bonded potentials. While, the bonded potential comprises the bond, bend, and dihedral constraints, the nonbonded interactions include van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonds, and the two-body potential. The two-body potential captures the features of both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions that brings the chains at a contact distance, while the repulsive van der Waals interactions prevent them from a collapse. Increased two-body hydrophobic interactions facilitate the formation of amorphous aggregates rather than the fibrillar ones. The formation of aggregates is validated from the interchain distances, and the total energy of the system. The aggregate is structurally characterized by the root-mean-square deviation, root-mean-square fluctuation and the radius of gyration. The aggregates are characterized by a decrease in SASA, an increase in the non-local interactions and a distinct free energy minimum relative to that of the monomeric state of amyloid-β 42. The hydrophobic residues help in nucleation, while the charged residues help in oligomerization and aggregation.
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11
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Somin S, Kulasiri D, Samarasinghe S. Alleviating the unwanted effects of oxidative stress on Aβ clearance: a review of related concepts and strategies for the development of computational modelling. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:11. [PMID: 36907887 PMCID: PMC10009979 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be more effective in the early stages. Although we do not completely understand the aetiology of the early stages of AD, potential pathological factors (amyloid beta [Aβ] and tau) and other co-factors have been identified as causes of AD, which may indicate some of the mechanism at work in the early stages of AD. Today, one of the primary techniques used to help delay or prevent AD in the early stages involves alleviating the unwanted effects of oxidative stress on Aβ clearance. 4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE), a product of lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress, plays a key role in the adduction of the degrading proteases. This HNE employs a mechanism which decreases catalytic activity. This process ultimately impairs Aβ clearance. The degradation of HNE-modified proteins helps to alleviate the unwanted effects of oxidative stress. Having a clear understanding of the mechanisms associated with the degradation of the HNE-modified proteins is essential for the development of strategies and for alleviating the unwanted effects of oxidative stress. The strategies which could be employed to decrease the effects of oxidative stress include enhancing antioxidant activity, as well as the use of nanozymes and/or specific inhibitors. One area which shows promise in reducing oxidative stress is protein design. However, more research is needed to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of this technique. This paper discusses the interplay of potential pathological factors and AD. In particular, it focuses on the effect of oxidative stress on the expression of the Aβ-degrading proteases through adduction of the degrading proteases caused by HNE. The paper also elucidates other strategies that can be used to alleviate the unwanted effects of oxidative stress on Aβ clearance. To improve the effectiveness and accuracy of protein design, we explain the application of quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarawoot Somin
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Lincoln University, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand.,Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Don Kulasiri
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Lincoln University, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand. .,Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand.
| | - Sandhya Samarasinghe
- Centre for Advanced Computational Solutions (C-fACS), Lincoln University, Christchurch, 7647, New Zealand
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12
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Ma L, Li X, Petersen RB, Peng A, Huang K. Probing the interactions between amyloidogenic proteins and bio-membranes. Biophys Chem 2023; 296:106984. [PMID: 36889133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.106984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding diseases (PMDs) in humans are characterized by the deposition of protein aggregates in tissues, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Misfolding and aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins play a central role in the onset and progression of PMDs, and these processes are regulated by multiple factors, especially the interaction between proteins and bio-membranes. Bio-membranes induce conformational changes in amyloidogenic proteins and affect their aggregation; on the other hand, the aggregates of amyloidogenic proteins may cause membrane damage or dysfunction leading to cytotoxicity. In this review, we summarize the factors that affect the binding of amyloidogenic proteins and membranes, the effects of bio-membranes on the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, mechanisms of membrane disruption by amyloidogenic aggregates, technical approaches for detecting these interactions, and finally therapeutic strategies targeting membrane damage caused by amyloidogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Anlin Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Das A, Sah P, Saraogi I. Dual Role of a Fluorescent Small Molecule as a Sensor and Inhibitor of Protein Fibrillation. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201309. [PMID: 36594929 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ordered fibrillar aggregates of proteins, called amyloids, are prevalent in several diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Type II diabetes. The key challenge in the treatment of such diseases is the early detection of protein fibrillation and its effective inhibition using extrinsic agents. Thus, molecules that can both detect and inhibit protein fibril formation have great diagnostic and therapeutic utility. Using insulin as a model protein, we report the dual action of an isoquinoline based molecule, named MK14 which detects and prevents insulin fibrillation. Dose dependent inhibition of insulin fibrillation by MK14 gave an IC50 value of 9 μM, and mechanistic investigations suggested that MK14 prevented the elongation of fibrils by interacting with pre-fibrillar intermediates. The fluorescence of MK14 enhanced upon binding to fibrils of insulin as well as those of α-synuclein, the protein involved in Parkinson's disease. MK14 is an environmentally sensitive fluorophore, which could also detect amorphous aggregates of insulin. The dual nature of MK14 as an inhibitor and detector of protein fibrillation makes it an attractive lead compound for monitoring and disrupting protein amyloidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Pooja Sah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
| | - Ishu Saraogi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, MP, India
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14
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Zhu M, Zeng L, Li Z, Wang C, Wu L, Jiang X. Revealing the Nanoarchitectonics of Amyloid β-Aggregation on Two-Dimensional Biomimetic Membranes by Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy. ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202200253. [PMID: 36744594 PMCID: PMC9906390 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vivo folding of amyloid β (Aβ) is influenced by many factors among which biomembrane interfaces play an important role. Here, using surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), the adsorption, structure, and morphology of Aβ42 aggregating on different two-dimensional interfaces were investigated. Results show that interfaces facilitate the aggregation of Aβ42 and are conducive to the formation of homogeneous aggregates, while the aggregates vary on different interfaces. On hydrophobic interfaces, strong hydrophobic interactions with the C-terminus of Aβ42 result in the formation of small oligomers with a small proportion of the β-sheet structure. On hydrophilic interfaces, hydrogen-bonding interactions and electrostatic interactions promote the formation of large aggregate particles with β-sheet structure. The hydration repulsion plays an important role in the interaction of Aβ42 with interfaces. These findings help to understand the nature of Aβ42 adsorption and aggregation on the biomembrane interface and the origin of heterogeneity and polymorphism of Aβ42 aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085P. R. China
| | - Zihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
| | - Lie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
| | - Xiue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin130022P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and EngineeringUniversity of Science & Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026P. R. China
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15
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Cerofolini L, Ramberg KO, Padilla LC, Antonik P, Ravera E, Luchinat C, Fragai M, Crowley PB. Solid-state NMR - a complementary technique for protein framework characterization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:776-779. [PMID: 36546612 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05725e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein frameworks are an emerging class of biomaterial with medical and technological applications. Frameworks are studied mainly by X-ray diffraction or scattering techniques. Complementary strategies are required. Here, we report solid-state NMR analyses of a microcrystalline protein-macrocycle framework and the rehydrated freeze-dried protein. This methodology may aid the characterization of low-crystallinity frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Kiefer O Ramberg
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Luis C Padilla
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Paweł Antonik
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy. .,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Via L. Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Peter B Crowley
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
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16
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Nguyen PH, Derreumaux P. Insights into the Mixture of Aβ24 and Aβ42 Peptides from Atomistic Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10689-10696. [PMID: 36493347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers play a central role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plaques of AD patients consist of Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides and truncated Aβ peptides. The Aβ24 peptide, identified in human AD brains, was found to impair Aβ42 clearance through the brain-blood barrier. The Aβ24 peptide was also shown to reduce Aβ42 aggregation kinetics in pure buffer, but the underlying mechanism is unknown at atomistic level. In this study, we explored the conformational ensemble of the equimolar mixture of Aβ24 and Aβ42 by replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations and compared it to our previous results on the pure Aβ42 dimer. Our simulations demonstrate that the truncation at residue 24 changes the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of the dimer, offering an explanation of the slower aggregation kinetics of the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, UPR 9080 CNRS, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- Université Paris Cité, UPR 9080 CNRS, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
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17
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Ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence immunosensor based on Co-doped MoOx as co-reactant generator for the detection of amyloid β-protein. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Chikugo A, Irie Y, Tsukano C, Uchino A, Maki T, Kume T, Kawase T, Hirose K, Kageyama Y, Tooyama I, Irie K. Optimization of the Linker Length in the Dimer Model of E22P-Aβ40 Tethered at Position 38. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2913-2923. [PMID: 36095282 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers are more cytotoxic than fibrils, various dimer models have been synthesized. We focused on the C-terminal region that could form a hydrophobic core in the aggregation process and identified a toxic conformer-restricted dimer model (E22P,G38DAP-Aβ40 dimer) with an l,l-2,6-diaminopimelic acid linker (n = 3) at position 38, which exhibited moderate cytotoxicity. We synthesized four additional linkers (n = 2, 4, 5, 7) to determine the most appropriate distance between the two Aβ40 monomers for a toxic dimer model. Each di-Fmoc-protected two-valent amino acid was synthesized from a corresponding dialdehyde or cycloalkene followed by ozonolysis, using a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction and asymmetric hydrogenation. Then, the corresponding Aβ40 dimer models with these linkers at position 38 were synthesized using the solid-phase Fmoc strategy. Their cytotoxicity toward SH-SY5Y cells suggested that the shorter the linker length, the stronger the cytotoxicity. Particularly, the E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40 dimer (n = 2) formed protofibrillar aggregates and exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, equivalent to E22P-Aβ42, the most cytotoxic analogue of Aβ42. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) measurement indicated that all dimer models except the E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40 dimer existed as stable oligomers (12-24-mer). NativePAGE analysis supported the IM-MS data, but larger oligomers (30-150-mer) were also detected after a 24 h incubation. Moreover, E22P,G38DAA-Aβ40, E22P,G38DAP-Aβ40, and E22P,G38DAZ-Aβ40 (n = 5) dimers suppressed long-term potentiation (LTP). Overall, the ability to form fibrils with cross β-sheet structures was key to achieving cytotoxicity, and forming stable oligomers less than 150-mer did not correlate with cytotoxicity and LTP suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Chikugo
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Ayumi Uchino
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
| | - Takahito Maki
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama930-0194, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kume
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama930-0194, Japan
| | | | | | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga520-2192, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga520-2192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
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19
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Summers KL, Roseman G, Schilling KM, Dolgova NV, Pushie MJ, Sokaras D, Kroll T, Harris HH, Millhauser GL, Pickering IJ, George GN. Alzheimer's Drug PBT2 Interacts with the Amyloid β 1-42 Peptide Differently than Other 8-Hydroxyquinoline Chelating Drugs. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14626-14640. [PMID: 36073854 PMCID: PMC9957665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) was first described over a century ago, it remains the leading cause of age-related dementia. Innumerable changes have been linked to the pathology of AD; however, there remains much discord regarding which might be the initial cause of the disease. The "amyloid cascade hypothesis" proposes that the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is central to disease pathology, which is supported by elevated Aβ levels in the brain before the development of symptoms and correlations of amyloid burden with cognitive impairment. The "metals hypothesis" proposes a role for metal ions such as iron, copper, and zinc in the pathology of AD, which is supported by the accumulation of these metals within amyloid plaques in the brain. Metals have been shown to induce aggregation of Aβ, and metal ion chelators have been shown to reverse this reaction in vitro. 8-Hydroxyquinoline-based chelators showed early promise as anti-Alzheimer's drugs. Both 5-chloro-7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline (CQ) and 5,7-dichloro-2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-8-hydroxyquinoline (PBT2) underwent unsuccessful clinical trials for the treatment of AD. To gain insight into the mechanism of action of 8HQs, we have investigated the potential interaction of CQ, PBT2, and 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (B2Q) with Cu(II)-bound Aβ(1-42) using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), high energy resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). By XAS, we found CQ and B2Q sequestered ∼83% of the Cu(II) from Aβ(1-42), whereas PBT2 sequestered only ∼59% of the Cu(II) from Aβ(1-42), suggesting that CQ and B2Q have a higher relative Cu(II) affinity than PBT2. From our EPR, it became clear that PBT2 sequestered Cu(II) from a heterogeneous mixture of Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species in solution, leaving a single Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species. It follows that the Cu(II) site in this Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species is inaccessible to PBT2 and may be less solvent-exposed than in other Cu(II)Aβ(1-42) species. We found no evidence to suggest that these 8HQs form ternary complexes with Cu(II)Aβ(1-42).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Summers
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham Roseman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Kevin M. Schilling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Natalia V. Dolgova
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - M. Jake Pushie
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Dr, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hugh H. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Glenn L. Millhauser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Ingrid J. Pickering
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Graham N. George
- Molecular and Environmental Sciences Group, Department of Geological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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20
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Uchino A, Irie Y, Tsukano C, Kawase T, Hirose K, Kageyama Y, Tooyama I, Yanagita RC, Irie K. Synthesis and Characterization of Propeller- and Parallel-Type Full-Length Amyloid β40 Trimer Models. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2517-2528. [PMID: 35930616 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligomers of the amyloid β (Aβ) protein play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, their heterogeneity and lability deter the identification of their tertiary structures and mechanisms of action. Aβ trimers and Aβ dimers may represent the smallest aggregation unit with cytotoxicity. Although propeller-type trimer models of E22P-Aβ40 tethered by an aromatic linker have recently been synthesized, they unexpectedly exhibited little cytotoxicity. To increase the flexibility of trimeric propeller-type models, we designed and synthesized trimer models with an alkyl linker, tert-butyltris-l-alanine (tButA), at position 36 or 38. In addition, we synthesized two parallel-type trimer models tethered at position 38 using alkyl linkers of different lengths, α,α-di-l-norvalyl-l-glycine (di-nV-Gly) and α,α-di-l-homonorleucyl-l-glycine (di-hnL-Gly), based on the previously reported toxic dimer model. The propeller-type E22P,V36tButA-Aβ40 trimer (4), which was designed to mimic the C-terminal anti-parallel β-sheet structures proposed by the structural analysis of 150 kDa oligomers of Aβ42, and the parallel-type E22P,G38di-nV-Gly-Aβ40 trimer (6) showed significant cytotoxicity against SH-SY5Y cells and aggregative ability to form protofibrillar species. In contrast, the E22P,G38tButA-Aβ40 trimer (5) and E22P,G38di-hnL-Gly-Aβ40 trimer (7) exhibited weak cytotoxicity, though they formed quasi-stable oligomers observed by ion mobility-mass spectrometry and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results suggest that 4 and 6 could have some phase of the structure of toxic Aβ oligomers with a C-terminal hydrophobic core and that the conformation and/or aggregation process rather than the formation of stable oligomers contribute to the induction of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Uchino
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yumi Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | | | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Sciences, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ryo C Yanagita
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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21
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Mazzaglia A, Di Natale G, Tosto R, Scala A, Sortino G, Piperno A, Casaletto MP, Riminucci A, Giuffrida ML, Mineo PG, Villari V, Micali N, Pappalardo G. KLVFF oligopeptide-decorated amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanomagnets for selective amyloid beta recognition and fishing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 613:814-826. [PMID: 35074707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recognition and capture of amyloid beta (Aβ) is a challenging task for the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report a novel KLVFF-modified nanomagnet based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) covered with a non-ionic amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin (SC16OH) and decorated with KLVFF oligopeptide for the self-recognition of the homologous amino-acids sequence of Aβ to collect Aβ (1-42) peptide from aqueous samples. MNP@SC16OH and MNP@SC16OH/Ada-Pep nanoassemblies were fully characterized by complementary techniques both as solid powders and in aqueous dispersions. Single domain MNP@SC16OH/Ada-Pep nanomagnets of 20-40 nm were observed by TEM analysis. DLS and ζ-potential measurements revealed that MNP@SC16OH nanoassemblies owned in aqueous dispersion a hydrodynamic radius of about 150 nm, which was unaffected by Ada-Pep decoration, while the negative ζ-potential of MNP@SC16OH (-40 mV) became less negative (-30 mV) in MNP@SC16OH/Ada-Pep, confirming the exposition of positively charged KLVFF on nanomagnets surface. The ability of MNP@SC16OH/Ada-Pep to recruit Aβ (1-42) in aqueous solution was evaluated by MALDI-TOF and compared with the ineffectiveness of undecorated MNP@SC16OH and VFLKF scrambled peptide-decorated nanoassemblies (MNP@SC16OH/Ada-scPep), pointing out the selectivity of KLVFF-decorated nanohybrid towards Aβ (1-42). Finally, the property of nanomagnets to extract Aβ in conditioned medium of cells over-producing Aβ peptides was investigated as proof of concept of effectiveness of these nanomaterials as potential diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Mazzaglia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia (CNR-IC), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Tosto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia (CNR-IC), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy; International PhD School of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Scala
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sortino
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Anna Piperno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Casaletto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Via U. La Malfa, 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alberto Riminucci
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Giuffrida
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia (CNR-IC), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Placido G Mineo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, V. le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina Villari
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (CNR-IPCF), Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Norberto Micali
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (CNR-IPCF), Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Pappalardo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia (CNR-IC), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
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22
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Gao G, Zhang T, Zhang W, Luo Z, Zhang Z, Gu Z, Yu L, Mu Q, Sun T. High efficiency and related mechanism of Au(RC) nanoclusters on disaggregating Aβ fibrils. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 621:67-76. [PMID: 35452930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the disaggregating mechanism of amyloids fibrils under nanomaterials action is a key issue for their successful future use in therapy of neurodegenerative and overall amyloid-related diseases. Herein a gold nanocluster stabilized by Arg-Cys dipeptide (Au(RC)NCs) was synthesized to investigate its disaggregation activity toward Aβ fibrils by using Thioflavin-T (ThT) fluorescence assay and atomic force microscopy. It was demonstrated that Au(RC)NCs is very effective in disaggregating preformed Aβ fibrils, and characterized by the ultra-low apparent completely disaggregation concentration at the dose of 10 μg·mL-1. A possible disaggregation mechanism based on Au(RC)NCs triggering the disassembly of Aβ fibrils into a dynamic equilibrium was proposed. The introduction of Au(RC)NCs with appropriate dose (5 μg·mL-1) can trigger the disassemble process of mature Aβ fibrils into a critical state, at this very moment, if there is no more nano-disassembler, destruction of old Aβ fibrils and formation of new Aβ fibrils are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium; in contrast, if there is more nano-disassembler (>10 μg·mL-1), the dynamic equilibrium prefer to shift to the direction of Aβ further disassembly. Moreover, Au(RC)NCs with dosage over 10 μg·mL-1 exhibited superb protection effect against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in cell experiments. This study not only proposed a possible disassembly mechanism of amyloids fibrils under nanomaterials action, but also provide Au(RC)NCs as a promising high-effective nano-disassembler to disassemble unwanted amyloid aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenkang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhuoying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenhua Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liangchong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinxue Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
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23
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Howitz WJ, Guaglianone G, McKnelly KJ, Haduong K, Ashby SN, Laayouni M, Nowick JS. Macrocyclic Peptides Derived from Familial Alzheimer's Disease Mutants Show Charge-Dependent Oligomeric Assembly and Toxicity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:714-720. [PMID: 35191689 PMCID: PMC9042422 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This work probes the role of charge in the oligomeric assembly, toxicity, and membrane destabilization of a series of peptides derived from Aβ and the E22Q and E22K familial mutants. In the mutant Aβ peptides, an acidic residue (E) is replaced with either a neutral or basic residue (Q or K), thus altering the net charge of the peptide. Acetylation at peripheral positions permits modulation of charge of the peptides and allows investigation of the role of charge in their oligomeric assembly, cytotoxicity, and membrane disruption. Peptides with the same net charge generally behave similarly even if the amino acid residue at position 22 differs. As the net charge of the peptide decreases, so does the extent of assembly, cytotoxicity, and membrane destabilization, which were determined using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-release assays with SH-SY5Y cells, and dye leakage assays using liposomes. These findings suggest that the charge of the amino acid side chain, rather than its size or hydrophobicity, accounts for the differences in the oligomeric assembly and toxicity of the E22 familial mutants of Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Howitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Gretchen Guaglianone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Kate J McKnelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Katelyn Haduong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Shareen N Ashby
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Mohamed Laayouni
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - James S Nowick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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24
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Matsushima Y, Irie Y, Kageyama Y, Bellier JP, Tooyama I, Maki T, Kume T, Yanagita RC, Irie K. Structure optimization of the toxic conformation model of amyloid β42 by intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200029. [PMID: 35165998 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers play a critical role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Recently, we reported that a conformation-restricted Aβ42 with an intramolecular disulfide bond through cysteine residues at positions 17/28 formed stable oligomers with potent cytotoxicity. To further optimize this compound as a toxic conformer model, we synthesized three analogs with a combination of cysteine and homocysteine at positions 17/28. The analogs with Cys-Cys, Cys-homoCys, or homoCys-Cys, but not the homoCys-homoCys analog, exhibited potent cytotoxicity against SH-SY5Y and THP-1 cells even at 10 nM. In contrast, the cytotoxicity of conformation-restricted analogs at positions 16/29 or 18/27 was significantly weaker than that of wild-type Aβ42. Furthermore, a thioflavin-T assay, non-denaturing gel electrophoresis, and morphological study suggested that the majority of these conformation-restricted analogs existed in an oligomeric state in cell culture medium, indicating that the toxic conformation of Aβ42, rather than the oligomeric state, is essential to induce cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Matsushima
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, JAPAN
| | - Yumi Irie
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, JAPAN
| | - Yusuke Kageyama
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Jean-Pierre Bellier
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Shiga University of Medical Science: Shiga Ika Daigaku, Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, JAPAN
| | - Takahito Maki
- University of Toyama: Toyama Daigaku, Department of Applied Pharmacology, JAPAN
| | - Toshiaki Kume
- University of Toyama: Toyama Daigaku, Department of Applied Pharmacology, JAPAN
| | - Ryo C Yanagita
- Kagawa University Faculty of Agriculture Graduate School of Agriculture: Kagawa Daigaku Nogakubu Daigakuin Nogaku Kenkyuka, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, JAPAN
| | - Kazuhiro Irie
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Faculty of Agriculture: Kyoto Daigaku Nogaku Kenkyuka Nogakubu, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8502, Kyoto, JAPAN
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25
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Nedaei H, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Giller K, Becker S, Karami L, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Griesinger C, Saboury AA. The Calcium-free form of Atorvastatin inhibits amyloid-β(1-42) aggregation in vitro. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101662. [PMID: 35104501 PMCID: PMC8898965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence of extraneuronal amyloid plaques composed of amyloid-beta (Aβ) fibrillar aggregates in the brains of patients. In mouse models, it has previously been shown that atorvastatin (Ator), a cholesterol-lowering drug, has some reducing effect on the production of cerebral Aβ. A meta-analysis on humans showed moderate effects in the short term but no improvement in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale—Cognitive Subscale behavioral test. Here, we explore a potential direct effect of Ator on Aβ42 aggregation. Using NMR-based monomer consumption assays and CD spectroscopy, we observed a promoting effect of Ator in its original form (Ator-calcium) on Aβ42 aggregation, as expected because of the presence of calcium ions. The effect was reversed when applying a CaCO3-based calcium ion scavenging method, which was validated by the aforementioned methods as well as thioflavin-T fluorescence assays and transmission electron microscopy. We found that the aggregation was inhibited significantly when the concentration of calcium-free Ator exceeded that of Aβ by at least a factor of 2. The 1H–15N heteronuclear single quantum correlation and saturation-transfer difference NMR data suggest that calcium-free Ator exerts its effect through interaction with the 16KLVF19 binding site on the Aβ peptide via its aromatic rings as well as hydroxyl and methyl groups. On the other hand, molecular dynamics simulations confirmed that the increasing concentration of Ator is necessary for the inhibition of the conformational transition of Aβ from an α-helix-dominant to a β-sheet-dominant structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Nedaei
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin Giller
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leila Karami
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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26
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Chang HW, Ma HI, Wu YS, Lee MC, Chung-Yueh Yuan E, Huang SJ, Cheng YS, Wu MH, Tu LH, Chan JCC. Site specific NMR characterization of abeta-40 oligomers cross seeded by abeta-42 oligomers. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8526-8535. [PMID: 35974768 PMCID: PMC9337746 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01555b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular accumulation of β amyloid peptides of 40 (Aβ40) and 42 residues (Aβ42) has been considered as one of the hallmarks in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. In this work, we are able to prepare oligomeric aggregates of Aβ with uniform size and monomorphic structure. Our experimental design is to incubate Aβ peptides in reverse micelles (RMs) so that the peptides could aggregate only through a single nucleation process and the size of the oligomers is confined by the physical dimension of the reverse micelles. The hence obtained Aβ oligomers (AβOs) are 23 nm in diameter and they belong to the category of high molecular-weight (MW) oligomers. The solid-state NMR data revealed that Aβ40Os adopt the structural motif of β-loop-β but the chemical shifts manifested that they may be structurally different from low-MW AβOs and mature fibrils. From the thioflavin-T results, we found that high-MW Aβ42Os can accelerate the fibrillization of Aβ40 monomers. Our protocol allows performing cross-seeding experiments among oligomeric species. By comparing the chemical shifts of Aβ40Os cross seeded by Aβ42Os and those of Aβ40Os prepared in the absence of Aβ42Os, we observed that the chemical states of E11, K16, and E22 were altered, whereas the backbone conformation of the β-sheet region near the C-terminus was structurally invariant. The use of reverse micelles allows hitherto the most detailed characterization of the structural variability of Aβ40Os. Extracellular accumulation of β amyloid peptides of 40 (Aβ40) and 42 residues (Aβ42) has been considered as one of the hallmarks in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ho-I. Ma
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chung-Yueh Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Huang
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Hsien Tu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow Road, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Jerry Chun Chung Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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27
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Yuan M, Tang X, Han W. Anatomy and Formation Mechanisms of Early Amyloid-β Oligomers with Lateral Branching: Graph Network Analysis on Large-Scale Simulations. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2649-2660. [PMID: 35356670 PMCID: PMC8890322 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06337e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric amyloid-β aggregates (AβOs) effectively trigger Alzheimer's disease-related toxicity, generating great interest in understanding their structures and formation mechanisms. However, AβOs are heterogeneous and transient, making their structure and formation difficult to study. Here, we performed graph network analysis of tens of microsecond massive simulations of early amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregations at near-atomic resolution to characterize AβO structures with sizes up to 20-mers. We found that AβOs exhibit highly curvilinear, irregular shapes with occasional lateral branches, consistent with recent cryo-electron tomography experiments. We also found that Aβ40 oligomers were more likely to develop branches than Aβ42 oligomers, explaining an experimental observation that only Aβ40 was trapped in network-like aggregates and exhibited slower fibrillization kinetics. Moreover, AβO architecture dissection revealed that their curvilinear appearance is related to the local packing geometries of neighboring peptides and that Aβ40's greater branching ability originates from specific C-terminal interactions at branching interfaces. Finally, we demonstrate that whether Aβ oligomerization causes oligomers to elongate or to branch depends on the sizes and shapes of colliding aggregates. Collectively, this study provides bottom-up structural information for understanding early Aβ aggregation and AβO toxicity. Graph network analysis on large-scale simulations uncovers the differential branching behaviours of large Aβ40 and Aβ42 oligomers.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
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28
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Chun SY, Son MK, Park CR, Lim C, Kim HI, Kwak K, Cho M. Direct observation of protein structural transitions through entire amyloid aggregation processes in water using 2D-IR spectroscopy. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4482-4489. [PMID: 35656138 PMCID: PMC9020176 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06047c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid proteins that undergo self-assembly to form insoluble fibrillar aggregates have attracted much attention due to their role in biological and pathological significance in amyloidosis. This study aims to understand the amyloid aggregation dynamics of insulin (INS) in H2O using two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy. Conventional IR studies have been performed in D2O to avoid spectral congestion despite distinct H–D isotope effects. We observed a slowdown of the INS fibrillation process in D2O compared to that in H2O. The 2D-IR results reveal that different quaternary structures of INS at the onset of the nucleation phase caused the distinct fibrillation pathways of INS in H2O and D2O. A few different biophysical analysis, including solution-phase small-angle X-ray scattering combined with molecular dynamics simulations and other spectroscopic techniques, support our 2D-IR investigation results, providing insight into mechanistic details of distinct structural transition dynamics of INS in water. We found the delayed structural transition in D2O is due to the kinetic isotope effect at an early stage of fibrillation of INS in D2O, i.e., enhanced dimer formation of INS in D2O. Our 2D-IR and biophysical analysis provide insight into mechanistic details of structural transition dynamics of INS in water. This study demonstrates an innovative 2D-IR approach for studying protein dynamics in H2O, which will open the way for observing protein dynamics under biological conditions without IR spectroscopic interference by water vibrations. This study aims to understand the structural transition dynamics of INS during amyloid aggregation in H2O using 2D-IR spectroscopy. The results show that distinct fibrillations in D2O and H2O originated from different quaternary structures of INS.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Chun
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Kook Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Single Cell Analysis Laboratory, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Ri Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Single Cell Analysis Laboratory, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Chaiho Lim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Hugh I Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Single Cell Analysis Laboratory, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea
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29
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Lewkowicz E, Gursky O. Dynamic protein structures in normal function and pathologic misfolding in systemic amyloidosis. Biophys Chem 2022; 280:106699. [PMID: 34773861 PMCID: PMC9416430 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic and disordered regions in native proteins are often critical for their function, particularly in ligand binding and signaling. In certain proteins, however, such regions can contribute to misfolding and pathologic deposition as amyloid fibrils in vivo. For example, dynamic and disordered regions can promote amyloid formation by destabilizing the native structure, by directly triggering the aggregation, by promoting protein condensation, or by acting as sites of early proteolytic cleavage that favor a release of aggregation-prone fragments or facilitate fibril maturation. At the same time, enhanced dynamics in the native protein state accelerates proteolytic degradation that counteracts amyloid accumulation in vivo. Therefore, the functional need for dynamic protein regions must be balanced against their inherently labile nature. How exactly this balance is achieved and how is it shifted upon amyloidogenic mutations or post-translational modifications? To illustrate possible scenarios, here we review the beneficial and pathologic roles of dynamic and disordered regions in the native states of three families of human plasma proteins that form amyloid precursors in systemic amyloidoses: immunoglobulin light chain, apolipoproteins, and serum amyloid A. Analysis of structure, stability and local dynamics of these diverse proteins and their amyloidogenic variants exemplifies how disordered/dynamic regions can provide a functional advantage as well as an Achilles heel in pathologic amyloid formation.
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30
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The native state conformational heterogeneity in the energy landscape of protein folding. Biophys Chem 2022; 283:106761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Ranjan R, Tiwari N, Kayastha AM, Sinha N. Biophysical Investigation of the Interplay between the Conformational Species of Domain-Swapped GB1 Amyloid Mutant through Real-Time Monitoring of Amyloid Fibrillation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:34359-34366. [PMID: 34963921 PMCID: PMC8697013 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutant polypeptide GB1HS#124F26A, which is known to aggregate into amyloid-like fibrils, has been utilized as a model in this study for gaining insights into the mechanism of domain-swapped aggregation through real-time monitoring. Size exclusion with UV monitoring at 280 nm and dynamic light scattering (DLS) profiles through different time points of fibrillation reveal that the dimer transitions into monomeric intermediates during the aggregation, which could further facilitate domain swapping to form amyloid fibrils. The 1D 1H and 2D 1H-13C HSQC nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra profiling through different time points of fibrillation reveal that there may be some other species present along with the dimer during aggregation which contribute to different trends for the intensity of protons in the spectral peaks. Diffusion NMR reveals changes in the mobility of the dimeric species during the process of aggregation, indicating that the dimer gives rise to other lower molecular weight species midway during aggregation, which further add up to form the oligomers and amyloid fibrils successively. The present work is a preliminary study which explores the possibility of utilizing biophysical methods to gain atomistic level insights into the different stages of aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Ranjan
- Centre
of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar
Pradesh
- School
of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Nidhi Tiwari
- Centre
of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar
Pradesh
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras
Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Arvind M. Kayastha
- School
of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Neeraj Sinha
- Centre
of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, Uttar
Pradesh
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32
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Nakano H, Hamaguchi T, Ikeda T, Watanabe‐Nakayama T, Ono K, Yamada M. Inactivation of seeding activity of amyloid β‐protein aggregates in vitro. J Neurochem 2021; 160:499-516. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Nakano
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa Japan
| | - Tokuhei Ikeda
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa Japan
- Department of Neurology Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital Kanazawa Japan
| | - Takahiro Watanabe‐Nakayama
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI)‐Nano Life Science Institute Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Division of Neurology Department of Internal Medicine Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine Department of Neurology Kudanzaka Hospital Tokyo Japan
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33
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Tang Y, Zhang D, Gong X, Zheng J. A mechanistic survey of Alzheimer's disease. Biophys Chem 2021; 281:106735. [PMID: 34894476 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common, age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder. While AD has been intensively studied from different aspects, there is no effective cure for AD, largely due to a lack of a clear mechanistic understanding of AD. In this mini-review, we mainly focus on the discussion and summary of mechanistic causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While different AD mechanisms illustrate different molecular and cellular pathways in AD pathogenesis, they do not necessarily exclude each other. Instead, some of them could work together to initiate, trigger, and promote the onset and development of AD. In a broader viewpoint, some AD mechanisms (e.g., amyloid aggregation mechanism, microbial infection/neuroinflammation mechanism, and amyloid cross-seeding mechanism) could also be applicable to other amyloid diseases including type II diabetes, Parkinson's disease, and prion disease. Such common mechanisms for AD and other amyloid diseases explain not only the pathogenesis of individual amyloid diseases, but also the spreading of pathologies between these diseases, which will inspire new strategies for therapeutic intervention and prevention for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Xiong Gong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America.
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34
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Mamone S, Glöggler S, Becker S, Rezaei-Ghaleh N. Early Divergence in Misfolding Pathways of Amyloid-Beta Peptides. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2158-2163. [PMID: 34355840 PMCID: PMC8596873 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that amyloid‐beta (Aβ) aggregation is the initial triggering event in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we utilize NMR spectroscopy and monitor the structural dynamics of two variants of Aβ, Aβ40 and Aβ42, as a function of temperature. Despite having identical amino acid sequence except for the two additional C‐terminal residues, Aβ42 has higher aggregation propensity than Aβ40. As revealed by the NMR data on dynamics, including backbone chemical shifts, intra‐methyl cross‐correlated relaxation rates and glycine‐based singlet‐states, the C‐terminal region of Aβ, especially the G33‐L34‐M35 segment, plays a particular role in the early steps of temperature‐induced Aβ aggregation. In Aβ42, the distinct dynamical behaviour of C‐terminal residues at higher temperatures is accompanied with marked changes in the backbone dynamics of residues V24‐K28. The distinctive role of the C‐terminal region of Aβ42 in the initiation of aggregation defines a target for the rational design of Aβ42 aggregation inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Mamone
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Glöggler
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3A, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nasrollah Rezaei-Ghaleh
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Waldweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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35
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Han J, Du Z, Lim MH. Mechanistic Insight into the Design of Chemical Tools to Control Multiple Pathogenic Features in Alzheimer's Disease. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3930-3940. [PMID: 34606227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline. Approximately 50 million people worldwide are suffering from AD and related dementias. Very recently, the first new drug targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration, but its efficacy against AD is still debatable. Other available treatments temporarily relieve the symptoms of AD. The difficulty in discovering effective therapeutics for AD originates from its complicated nature, which results from the interrelated pathogenic pathways led by multiple factors. Therefore, to develop potent disease-modifying drugs, multiple pathological features found in AD should be fully elucidated.Our laboratory has been designing small molecules as chemical tools to investigate the individual and interrelated pathologies triggered by four pathogenic elements found in the AD-affected brain: metal-free Aβ, metal-bound Aβ, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Aβ peptides are partially folded and aggregate into oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils. Aβ aggregates are considered to be neurotoxic, causing membrane disruption, aberrant cellular signaling, and organelle dysfunction. In addition, highly concentrated metal ions accumulate in senile plaques mainly composed of Aβ aggregates, which indicates that metal ions can directly interact with Aβ. Metal binding to Aβ affects the aggregation and conformation of the peptide. Moreover, the impaired homeostasis of redox-active Fe(II/III) and Cu(I/II) induces the overproduction of ROS through Fenton chemistry and Fenton-like reactions, respectively. Dysregulated ROS prompt oxidative-stress-damaging biological components such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids and, consequently, lead to neuronal death. Finally, the loss of cholinergic transmission mediated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) contributes to cognitive deficits observed in AD.In this Account, we illustrate the design principles for small-molecule-based chemical tools with reactivities against metal-free Aβ, metal-bound Aβ, ROS, and AChE. More importantly, mechanistic details at the molecular level are highlighted with some examples of chemical tools that were developed by our group. The aggregation of metal-free Aβ can be modulated by modifying amino acid residues responsible for self-assembling Aβ or disassembling preformed fibrils. To alter the aggregation and cytotoxicity profiles of metal-bound Aβ, ternary complexation, metal chelation, and modifications onto metal-binding residues can be effective tactics. The presence and production of ROS are able to be controlled by small molecules with antioxidant and metal-binding properties. Finally, inhibiting substrate access or substrate binding at the active site of AChE can diminish its activity, which restores the levels of ACh. Overall, our rational approaches demonstrate the feasibility of developing small molecules as chemical tools that can target and modulate multiple pathological factors associated with AD and can be useful for gaining a greater understanding of the multifaceted pathology of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi Du
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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36
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Yamaguchi K, Hasuo K, So M, Ikenaka K, Mochizuki H, Goto Y. Strong acids induce amyloid fibril formation of β 2-microglobulin via an anion-binding mechanism. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101286. [PMID: 34626645 PMCID: PMC8564678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils, crystal-like fibrillar aggregates of proteins associated with various amyloidoses, have the potential to propagate via a prion-like mechanism. Among known methodologies to dissolve preformed amyloid fibrils, acid treatment has been used with the expectation that the acids will degrade amyloid fibrils similar to acid inactivation of protein functions. Contrary to our expectation, treatment with strong acids, such as HCl or H2SO4, of β2-microglobulin (β2m) or insulin actually promoted amyloid fibril formation, proportionally to the concentration of acid used. A similar promotion was observed at pH 2.0 upon the addition of salts, such as NaCl or Na2SO4. Although trichloroacetic acid, another strong acid, promoted amyloid fibril formation of β2m, formic acid, a weak acid, did not, suggesting the dominant role of anions in promoting fibril formation of this protein. Comparison of the effects of acids and salts confirmed the critical role of anions, indicating that strong acids likely induce amyloid fibril formation via an anion-binding mechanism. The results suggest that although the addition of strong acids decreases pH, it is not useful for degrading amyloid fibrils, but rather induces or stabilizes amyloid fibrils via an anion-binding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Hasuo
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatomo So
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikenaka
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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37
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Sharma S, Modi P, Sharma G, Deep S. Kinetics theories to understand the mechanism of aggregation of a protein and to design strategies for its inhibition. Biophys Chem 2021; 278:106665. [PMID: 34419715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation phenomenon is closely related to the formation of amyloids which results in many neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In order to prevent and treat these diseases, a clear understanding of the mechanism of misfolding and self-assembly of peptides and proteins is very crucial. The aggregation of a protein may involve various microscopic events. Multiple simulations utilizing the solutions of the master equation have given a better understanding of the kinetic profiles involved in the presence and absence of a particular microscopic event. This review focuses on understanding the contribution of these molecular events to protein aggregation based on the analysis of kinetic profiles of aggregation. We also discuss the effect of inhibitors, which target various species of aggregation pathways, on the kinetic profile of protein aggregation. At the end of this review, some strategies for the inhibition of aggregation that can be utilized by combining the chemical kinetics approach with thermodynamics are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Priya Modi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gargi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
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38
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Torres KM, Delgado AS, Serrano ER, Falcón-Cruz NV, Meléndez A, Ramos I, Du D, Oyola R. Gallium nanoparticles as novel inhibitors of Aβ40 aggregation. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2021; 2:5471-5478. [PMID: 34458846 PMCID: PMC8366391 DOI: 10.1039/d1ma00461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been consistently related to the formation of senile amyloid plaques mainly composed of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides. The toxicity of Aβ aggregates has been indicated to be responsible for AD pathology. One scenario to decrease Aβ toxicity is the development of effective inhibitors against Aβ amyloid formation. In this study, we investigate the effect of gallium nitride nanoparticles (GaN NPs) as inhibitors of Aβ40 amyloid formation using a combination of biophysical approaches. Our results show that the lag phase of Aβ40 aggregation kinetics is significantly retarded by GaN NPs in a concentration dependent manner, implying the activity of GaN NPs in interfering with the formation of the crucial nucleus during Aβ aggregation. Our results also show that GaN NPs can reduce the amyloid fibril elongation rate in the course of the aggregation kinetics. It is speculated that the high polarization characteristics of GaN NPs may provoke a strong interaction between the particles and Aβ40 peptide and in this way decrease self-association of the peptide monomers to form amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyabeth M Torres
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Biology, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Ambar S Delgado
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Biology, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Erika R Serrano
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Chemistry, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Nitza V Falcón-Cruz
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Chemistry, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Anamaris Meléndez
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Physics & Electronics, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Idalia Ramos
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Physics & Electronics, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
| | - Deguo Du
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry Boca Raton 33431 FL USA
| | - Rolando Oyola
- University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, Department of Chemistry, Call Box 860 Humacao 00792 PR USA
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39
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Nam E, Han J, Choi S, Lim MH. Distinct impact of glycation towards the aggregation and toxicity of murine and human amyloid-β. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7637-7640. [PMID: 34254069 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02695j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycation of human Aβ (hAβ) is implicated to induce the deposition of amyloid aggregates found in the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected brain. Murine Aβ (mAβ) differs from hAβ in three different amino acid residues (Gly5, Phe10, and Arg13) and is less likely to form amyloid aggregates. Herein, we report that the advanced glycated end products of mAβ40 over hAβ40 are distinctly generated. The different glycation between the two peptides can govern their aggregation kinetics, structural transition, and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunhee Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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40
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Willbold D, Strodel B, Schröder GF, Hoyer W, Heise H. Amyloid-type Protein Aggregation and Prion-like Properties of Amyloids. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8285-8307. [PMID: 34137605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review will focus on the process of amyloid-type protein aggregation. Amyloid fibrils are an important hallmark of protein misfolding diseases and therefore have been investigated for decades. Only recently, however, atomic or near-atomic resolution structures have been elucidated from various in vitro and ex vivo obtained fibrils. In parallel, the process of fibril formation has been studied in vitro under highly artificial but comparatively reproducible conditions. The review starts with a summary of what is known and speculated from artificial in vitro amyloid-type protein aggregation experiments. A partially hypothetic fibril selection model will be described that may be suitable to explain why amyloid fibrils look the way they do, in particular, why at least all so far reported high resolution cryo-electron microscopy obtained fibril structures are in register, parallel, cross-β-sheet fibrils that mostly consist of two protofilaments twisted around each other. An intrinsic feature of the model is the prion-like nature of all amyloid assemblies. Transferring the model from the in vitro point of view to the in vivo situation is not straightforward, highly hypothetic, and leaves many open questions that need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gunnar F Schröder
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Physics Department, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoyer
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Heise
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry, IBI-7, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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41
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Li Y, Tang H, Zhu H, Kakinen A, Wang D, Andrikopoulos N, Sun Y, Nandakumar A, Kwak E, Davis TP, Leong DT, Ding F, Ke PC. Ultrasmall Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots Cage Alzheimer's Amyloid Beta to Restore Membrane Fluidity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:29936-29948. [PMID: 34143617 PMCID: PMC8251662 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia characterized by the overexpression of transmembrane amyloid precursor protein and its neurotoxic byproduct amyloid beta (Aβ). A small peptide of considerable hydrophobicity, Aβ is aggregation prone catalyzed by the presence of cell membranes, among other environmental factors. Accordingly, current AD mitigation strategies often aim at breaking down the Aβ-membrane communication, yet no data is available concerning the cohesive interplay of the three key entities of the cell membrane, Aβ, and its inhibitor. Using a lipophilic Laurdan dye and confocal fluorescence microscopy, we observed cell membrane perturbation and actin reorganization induced by Aβ oligomers but not by Aβ monomers or amyloid fibrils. We further revealed recovery of membrane fluidity by ultrasmall MoS2 quantum dots, also shown in this study as a potent inhibitor of Aβ amyloid aggregation. Using discrete molecular dynamics simulations, we uncovered the binding of MoS2 and Aβ monomers as mediated by hydrophilic interactions between the quantum dots and the peptide N-terminus. In contrast, Aβ oligomers and fibrils were surface-coated by the ultrasmall quantum dots in distinct testudo-like, reverse protein-corona formations to prevent their further association with the cell membrane and adverse effects downstream. This study offers a crucial new insight and a viable strategy for regulating the amyloid aggregation and membrane-axis of AD pathology with multifunctional nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Huayuan Tang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Houjuan Zhu
- National University of Singapore, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Aleksandr Kakinen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Nicholas Andrikopoulos
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Yunxiang Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Aparna Nandakumar
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Eunbi Kwak
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - David Tai Leong
- National University of Singapore, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Pu Chun Ke
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
- The GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, 136 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510700, China
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42
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Roldán-Martín L, Peccati F, Sciortino G, Sodupe M, Maréchal JD. Impact of Cu(II) and Al(III) on the conformational landscape of amyloidβ 1-42. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:13023-13032. [PMID: 34095932 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01561c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal ions have been found to play an important role in the formation of extracellular β-amyloid plaques, a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, the conformational landscape of Aβ42 with Al(iii) and Cu(ii) has been explored using Gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics. Both metals reduce the flexibility of the peptide and entail a higher structural organization, although to different degrees. As a general trend, Cu(ii) binding leads to an increased α-helix content and to the formation of two α-helices that tend to organize in a U-shape. By contrast, most Al(iii) complexes induce a decrease in helical content, leading to more extended structures that favor the appearance of transitory β-strands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Roldán-Martín
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Francesca Peccati
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Sciortino
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. and Institut of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mariona Sodupe
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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43
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Li Y, Zhong M, Zhao P, Guo C, Xu H, Wang T, Gao H. Brain Targeting and Aβ Binding Bifunctional Nanoparticles Inhibit Amyloid Protein Aggregation in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2110-2121. [PMID: 34042421 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an insidious and progressive neurodegenerative disease with few disease-modifying treatments. A variety of peptide/protein drugs have neuroprotective effects, which brings new hope for the treatment of AD. However, the application of these drugs is limited because of their low specificity and difficulty in crossing the blood-brain barrier. Herein, using the phage display technology, we identified the Aβ oligomer binding peptide (KH) and the brain targeting peptide (IS). We combined these peptides to develop a bifunctional nanoparticle (IS@NP/KH) for the delivery of Aβ1-42 oligomer binding peptide into the brain. Intranasal administration of IS@NP/KH significantly attenuated the cognitive and behavioral deficits and reduced the Aβ deposition in the brain of an AD animal model (APPswe/PS 1d9 double-transgenic mice). Our results suggest that intranasal IS@NP/KH administration could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - You Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Manli Zhong
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Pu Zhao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Chuang Guo
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Huiling Gao
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
- Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Northeastern University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110819, China
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44
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Noncanonical protein kinase A activation by oligomerization of regulatory subunits as revealed by inherited Carney complex mutations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2024716118. [PMID: 34006641 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024716118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial mutations of the protein kinase A (PKA) R1α regulatory subunit lead to a generalized predisposition for a wide range of tumors, from pituitary adenomas to pancreatic and liver cancers, commonly referred to as Carney complex (CNC). CNC mutations are known to cause overactivation of PKA, but the molecular mechanisms underlying such kinase overactivity are not fully understood in the context of the canonical cAMP-dependent activation of PKA. Here, we show that oligomerization-induced sequestration of R1α from the catalytic subunit of PKA (C) is a viable mechanism of PKA activation that can explain the CNC phenotype. Our investigations focus on comparative analyses at the level of structure, unfolding, aggregation, and kinase inhibition profiles of wild-type (wt) PKA R1α, the A211D and G287W CNC mutants, as well as the cognate acrodysostosis type 1 (ACRDYS1) mutations A211T and G287E. The latter exhibit a phenotype opposite to CNC with suboptimal PKA activation compared with wt. Overall, our results show that CNC mutations not only perturb the classical cAMP-dependent allosteric activation pathway of PKA, but also amplify significantly more than the cognate ACRDYS1 mutations nonclassical and previously unappreciated activation pathways, such as oligomerization-induced losses of the PKA R1α inhibitory function.
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45
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Phạm TTT, Rainey JK. On-cell nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe cell surface interactions. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:683-692. [PMID: 33945753 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy allows determination of atomic-level information about intermolecular interactions, molecular structure, and molecular dynamics in the cellular environment. This may be broadly divided into studies focused on obtaining detailed molecular information in the intracellular context ("in-cell") or those focused on characterizing molecules or events at the cell surface ("on-cell"). In this review, we outline some key NMR techniques applied for on-cell NMR studies through both solution-state and solid-state NMR and survey studies that have used these techniques to uncover key information. We particularly focus on application of on-cell NMR spectroscopy to characterize ligand interactions with cell surface membrane proteins such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases, etc. These techniques allow for quantification of binding affinities, competitive binding assays, delineation of portions of ligands involved in binding, ligand bound-state conformational determination, evaluation of receptor structuring and dynamics, and inference of distance constraints characteristic of the ligand-receptor bound state. Excitingly, it is possible to avoid the barriers of production and purification of membrane proteins while obtaining directly physiologically-relevant information through on-cell NMR. We also provide a briefer survey of the applicability of on-cell NMR approaches to other classes of cell surface molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trần Thanh Tâm Phạm
- Dalhousie University, 3688, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;
| | - Jan K Rainey
- Dalhousie University, 3688, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Halifax, Canada;
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Consoli GML, Tosto R, Baglieri A, Petralia S, Campagna T, Di Natale G, Zimbone S, Giuffrida ML, Pappalardo G. Novel Peptide-Calix[4]arene Conjugate Inhibits Aβ Aggregation and Rescues Neurons from Aβ's Oligomers Cytotoxicity In Vitro. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1449-1462. [PMID: 33844495 PMCID: PMC9535895 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
Alzheimer’s
disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative
condition affecting people in the elderly. Targeting aggregation of
β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) is considered a promising approach
for the therapeutic treatment of the disease. Peptide based inhibitors
of β-amyloid fibrillation are emerging as safe drug candidates
as well as interesting compounds for early diagnosis of AD. Peptide
conjugation via covalent bond with functional moieties enables the
resultant hybrid system to acquire desired functions. Here we report
the synthesis, the structural characterization, and the Aβ42 interaction of a p-amino-calix[4]arene
derivative bearing a GPGKLVFF peptide pendant at the lower rim. We
demonstrate that the p-amino-calix[4]arene–GPGKLVFF
conjugate alters the Aβ42 aggregation pathways by
preventing Aβ42’s conformational transition
from random coil to β-sheet with concomitant changes of the
aggregation kinetic profile as evidenced by circular dichroism (CD),
thioflavin T (ThT), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements,
respectively. High resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) confirmed
a direct interaction of the p-amino-calix[4]arene–GPGKLVFF
conjugate with Aβ42 monomer which provided insight
into a possible working mechanism, whereas the alteration of the Aβ42’s fibrillary architecture, by the calix-peptide conjugate,
was further validated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. Finally,
the herein proposed compound was shown to be effective against Aβ42 oligomers’ toxicity in differentiated neuroblastoma
cells, SH-SY5Y.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Tosto
- International PhD School of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Ausilia Baglieri
- CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- Department of Drug Sciences and Health, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Tiziana Campagna
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Zimbone
- CNR-Institute of Crystallography, Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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47
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Ahmed R, Huang J, Akimoto M, Shi T, Melacini G. Atomic Resolution Map of Hierarchical Self-Assembly for an Amyloidogenic Protein Probed through Thermal 15N-R 2 Correlation Matrices. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4668-4679. [PMID: 33733753 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Soluble oligomers formed by amyloidogenic intrinsically disordered proteins are some of the most cytotoxic species linked to neurodegeneration. Due to the transient and heterogeneous nature of such oligomeric intermediates, the underlying self-association events often remain elusive. NMR relaxation measurements sensitive to zero-frequency spectral densities (J(0)), such as the 15N - R2 rates, are ideally suited to map sites of self-association at atomic resolution without the need of exogenous labels. Such experiments exploit the dynamic exchange between NMR visible monomers and slowly tumbling oligomers. However,15N - R2 rates are also sensitive to intrinsic monomer dynamics, and it is often difficult to discern these contributions from those arising from exchange with oligomers. Another challenge pertains to defining a hierarchy of self-association. Here, using the archetypical amyloidogenic protein alpha synuclein (αS), we show that the temperature-dependence of 15N - R2 effectively identifies self-association sites with reduced bias from internal dynamics. The key signature of the residues involved in self-association is a nonlinear temperature-dependence of 15N - R2 with a positive ΔR2/ΔT slope. These two hallmarks are systematically probed through a thermal R2 correlation matrix, from which the network of residues involved in self-association as well as the hierarchy of αS self-association sites is extracted through agglomerative clustering. We find that aggregation is initiated by residues within the NAC region that is solvent inaccessible in αS fibrils and eventually extends to the N-terminal segment harboring familial PD mutations. These hierarchical self-association maps help dissect the essential drivers of oligomerization and reveal how amyloid inhibitors affect oligomer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashik Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Madoka Akimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Tongyu Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Melacini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton ON L8S4M1, Canada
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48
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Structural details of amyloid β oligomers in complex with human prion protein as revealed by solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100499. [PMID: 33667547 PMCID: PMC8042448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human PrP (huPrP) is a high-affinity receptor for oligomeric amyloid β (Aβ) protein aggregates. Binding of Aβ oligomers to membrane-anchored huPrP has been suggested to trigger neurotoxic cell signaling in Alzheimer’s disease, while an N-terminal soluble fragment of huPrP can sequester Aβ oligomers and reduce their toxicity. Synthetic oligomeric Aβ species are known to be heterogeneous, dynamic, and transient, rendering their structural investigation particularly challenging. Here, using huPrP to preserve Aβ oligomers by coprecipitating them into large heteroassemblies, we investigated the conformations of Aβ(1–42) oligomers and huPrP in the complex by solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy. The disordered N-terminal region of huPrP becomes immobilized in the complex and therefore visible in dipolar spectra without adopting chemical shifts characteristic of a regular secondary structure. Most of the well-defined C-terminal part of huPrP is part of the rigid complex, and solid-state NMR spectra suggest a loss in regular secondary structure in the two C-terminal α-helices. For Aβ(1–42) oligomers in complex with huPrP, secondary chemical shifts reveal substantial β-strand content. Importantly, not all Aβ(1–42) molecules within the complex have identical conformations. Comparison with the chemical shifts of synthetic Aβ fibrils suggests that the Aβ oligomer preparation represents a heterogeneous mixture of β-strand-rich assemblies, of which some have the potential to evolve and elongate into different fibril polymorphs, reflecting a general propensity of Aβ to adopt variable β-strand-rich conformers. Taken together, our results reveal structural changes in huPrP upon binding to Aβ oligomers that suggest a role of the C terminus of huPrP in cell signaling. Trapping Aβ(1–42) oligomers by binding to huPrP has proved to be a useful tool for studying the structure of these highly heterogeneous β-strand-rich assemblies.
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49
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Nguyen PH, Ramamoorthy A, Sahoo BR, Zheng J, Faller P, Straub JE, Dominguez L, Shea JE, Dokholyan NV, De Simone A, Ma B, Nussinov R, Najafi S, Ngo ST, Loquet A, Chiricotto M, Ganguly P, McCarty J, Li MS, Hall C, Wang Y, Miller Y, Melchionna S, Habenstein B, Timr S, Chen J, Hnath B, Strodel B, Kayed R, Lesné S, Wei G, Sterpone F, Doig AJ, Derreumaux P. Amyloid Oligomers: A Joint Experimental/Computational Perspective on Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Type II Diabetes, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2545-2647. [PMID: 33543942 PMCID: PMC8836097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 377] [Impact Index Per Article: 125.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein misfolding and aggregation is observed in many amyloidogenic diseases affecting either the central nervous system or a variety of peripheral tissues. Structural and dynamic characterization of all species along the pathways from monomers to fibrils is challenging by experimental and computational means because they involve intrinsically disordered proteins in most diseases. Yet understanding how amyloid species become toxic is the challenge in developing a treatment for these diseases. Here we review what computer, in vitro, in vivo, and pharmacological experiments tell us about the accumulation and deposition of the oligomers of the (Aβ, tau), α-synuclein, IAPP, and superoxide dismutase 1 proteins, which have been the mainstream concept underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), type II diabetes (T2D), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research, respectively, for many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong H Nguyen
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Bikash R Sahoo
- Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - John E Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Laura Dominguez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Joan-Emma Shea
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
- Department of Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Molecular Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Sackler Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Saeed Najafi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Son Tung Ngo
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Mara Chiricotto
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Pritam Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - James McCarty
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Mai Suan Li
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carol Hall
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Yifat Miller
- Department of Chemistry and The Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects, (UMR5248 CBMN), CNRS, Université Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Stepan Timr
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Jiaxing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Brianna Hnath
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Birgit Strodel
- Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rakez Kayed
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Sylvain Lesné
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Guanghong Wei
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Multiscale Research Institute of Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Andrew J Doig
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Philippe Derreumaux
- CNRS, UPR9080, Université de Paris, Laboratory of Theoretical Biochemistry, IBPC, Fondation Edmond de Rothschild, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, 33000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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50
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Barz B, Buell AK, Nath S. Compact fibril-like structure of amyloid β-peptide (1-42) monomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:947-950. [PMID: 33399148 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) monomers are the smallest assembly units, and play an important role in most of the individual processes involved in amyloid fibril formation. An important question is whether the monomer can adopt transient fibril-like conformations in solution. Here we use enhanced sampling simulations to study the Aβ42 monomer structural flexibility. We show that the monomer frequently adopts conformations with the N-terminus region structured very similarly to the conformation it adopts inside the fibril. This intrinsic propensity of monomeric Aβ to adopt fibril-like conformations could explain the low free energy barrier for Aβ42 fibril elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Barz
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany and Institute of Biological Information Processing - Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Soumav Nath
- Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany and Institute of Biological Information Processing - Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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