1
|
Casu P, Busato M, Palluzzi M, Spezia R, D'Angelo P. On the composition and isomerism effect in the thermal and structural properties of choline chloride/hydroxyphenol deep eutectic solvents. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:23168-23176. [PMID: 39189390 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01575d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
We have carried out a comparative study on three sets of eutectic mixtures based on choline chloride (ChCl) and hydroxyphenol isomers having two hydroxyl groups in the ortho-, meta-, and para-positions of the aromatic ring, namely catechol (Cate), resorcinol (Reso), and hydroquinone (Hydro), respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry highlighted a different thermal behavior of the mixtures depending on the composition and precursor isomerism. These systems behave as deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with the exception of the ChCl/Cate mixture at a 1 : 0.75 molar ratio, the ChCl/Reso mixtures at 1 : 2 and 1 : 3 molar ratios, and the ChCl/Hydro mixture at a 1 : 3 molar ratio. Infrared spectroscopy measurements and molecular dynamics simulations show that the stronger hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) in the mixed states compared to the pure precursors is key for the formation of a DES. This interaction is mostly reliant on interconnected chloride anion coordination shells thanks to the two hydroxyl groups of the hydroxyphenol molecules, which can bridge between different anions to form an extended H-bond network. This structural arrangement maximizes the interactions and is enhanced by the 1 : 0.75 and 1 : 1 molar ratios, while increasing the hydroxyphenol concentration translates into a lowering of the total number of H-bonds formed in the mixture. This is the basis for the different thermal behavior and points to nearly equimolar compositions between the components, as ideally suited to achieve a DES from these precursors. The obtained insights are able to explain the structure-property relationships for the studied systems and are deemed useful for more conscious development of these inherently tuneable solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Casu
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Busato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Palluzzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Spezia
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Paola D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cuvellier JB, Andanson JM, Ballerat-Busserolles K, Hulin H, Artzner F, Malfreyt P, Ghoufi A. Importance of the Electrostatic Correlations in Surface Tension of Hydrated Reline Deep Eutectic Solvent from Combined Experiments and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:4008-4020. [PMID: 38616779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the surface tension and the structure of hydrated reline are investigated by using diverse methods. Initially, the surface tension displays a nonlinear pattern as water content increases, decreasing until reaching 45 wt %, then gradually matching that of pure water. This fluctuation is associated with strong electrostatic correlations present in pure reline, which decrease as more water is added. Changes in surface tension reflect a shift from charge layering in pure reline to an increased interfacial hydrogen bonding as the water content rises. This shift causes the segregation of urea molecules into the bulk phase and a gradual anchoring of water molecules to the air-reline interface. An interesting observation is the antisurfactant effect, where heightened interfacial anchoring results in an unexpected increase in real contribution of surface tension. This, along with weakened electrostatic correlations beyond 45 wt % due to reinforced interfacial hydrogen bonding, contributes to the complex behavior of surface tension observed in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean-Michel Andanson
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France
| | - Karine Ballerat-Busserolles
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France
| | - Hyazann Hulin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)─UMR 6251, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Franck Artzner
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)─UMR 6251, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Patrice Malfreyt
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand F-63000, France
| | - Aziz Ghoufi
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)─UMR 6251, Rennes F-35000, France
- Univ Paris-East Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE (UMR 7182), 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais F-94320, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di Muzio S, Palumbo O, Trequattrini F, Paolone A. Binary Mixtures of Choline Acetate and Tetrabutylammonium Acetate with Natural Organic Acids by Vibrational Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:857-870. [PMID: 38224560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
We present a study of several mixtures obtained by the mixing of two organic acetate-based salts (choline acetate, ChAc, or tetrabutylammonium acetate, TBAAc) with three different natural organic acids (ascorbic acid, AA, citric acid, CA, and maleic acid, MA). The structures of the starting materials and of the mixtures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and classic molecular dynamics simulations (MD). The thermal behavior was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The obtained mixtures, especially the ChAc-based ones, strongly tend to vitrify at low temperatures and are stable up to 100-150 °C. The FTIR measurements suggest the formation of a strong H-bond network: the coordination between acids and ChAc or TBAAc takes place by the donation of the H-bond by the acids to the oxygen of the acetate anion, which acts as an acceptor (HBA). The comparison with MD analysis indicates that acids predominantly exploit their more acidic hydrogens. In particular, we observe the progressive shift of νC═O and νOH when the ratios of acids increase. The structural differences between the two studied cations influence the spatial distribution of the components in the mixture bulk phases. In particular, the analysis of the theoretical structure function I(q) of the TBAAc-based systems shows the presence of important prepeaks at low q, a sign of the formation of apolar domain, due to the nanosegregation of the alkyl chains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Muzio
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 1, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Oriele Palumbo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Trequattrini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Paolone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hammond OS, Elstone NS, Doutch J, Li P, Edler KJ. Evidence for an L 3 phase in ternary deep eutectics: composition-induced L 3-to-L α transition of AOT. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:19314-19321. [PMID: 37997686 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03689h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Pure and hydrated deep eutectic solvents (DES) are proposed to form self-assembled nanostructures within the fluid bulk, similar to the bicontinuous L3 phase common for ionic liquids (ILs). Labelled choline chloride : urea : water DES were measured using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), showing no long-range nanostructure. However, solutions of the surfactant AOT in this DES yielded scattering consistent with the L3 "sponge" phase, which was fitted using the Teubner-Strey model. A disclike model gave local structural information, namely, a linear increase in radius versus solvent water content (w = molar ratio of DES : water), eventually forming large, turbid lamellar phases at 10w; an L3-to-Lα transition was observed. Simultaneous multi-contrast SANS fits show the surfactant headgroup region is dominated by interactions with poorly-soluble Na+ at low water contents, and numerically-superior [cholinium]+ as water content increases. The modified interfacial Gaussian curvature from cation : anion volume matching stabilizes the lamellar morphology, allowing the bilayer aggregation number to increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Hammond
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies & Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Naomi S Elstone
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies & Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell-Oxford OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS Neutron & Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell-Oxford OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Karen J Edler
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies & Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hammond OS, Bathke EK, Bowron DT, Edler KJ. Trace Water Changes Metal Ion Speciation in Deep Eutectic Solvents: Ce 3+ Solvation and Nanoscale Water Clustering in Choline Chloride-Urea-Water Mixtures. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18069-18078. [PMID: 37862703 PMCID: PMC10630939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Eutectic mixtures of choline chloride, urea, and water in deep eutectic solvent (DES)/water molar hydration ratios (w) of 2, 5, and 10, with dissolved cerium salt, were measured using neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution. Structures were modeled using empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR). Ce3+ was found to form highly charged complexes with a mean coordination number between 7 and 8, with the shell containing mostly chloride, followed by water. The shell composition is strongly affected by the molar ratio of dilution, as opposed to the mass or volume fraction, due to the high affinity of Cl- and H2O ligands that displace less favorable interactions with ligands such as urea and choline. The presence of Ce3+ salt disrupted the bulk DES structure slightly, making it more electrolyte-like. The measured coordination shell of choline showed significant discrepancies from the statistical noninteracting distribution, highlighting the nonideality of the blend. Cluster analysis revealed the trace presence of percolating water clusters (25 ≥ n ≥ 2) in solvent compositions of 5 and 10w for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S. Hammond
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Elly K. Bathke
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Daniel T. Bowron
- ISIS
Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Karen J. Edler
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University
of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hinz Y, Beerwerth J, Böhmer R. Anion dynamics and motional decoupling in a glycerol-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent studied by one- and two-dimensional 35Cl NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28130-28140. [PMID: 37818622 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03668e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine-35 is among the few nuclides that provide an experimental handle on the anion dynamics in choline based deep eutectic solvents. By combining several nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, the present work examines the Cl- motions within glyceline, a glycerol : choline chloride 2 : 1 solution, in a large temperature range down to the glass transition temperature Tg. The applied methods include spin relaxometry, second-order line shape analysis, as well as two-dimensional central-transition exchange and stimulated-echo spectroscopy. The finding of unstructured central-transition NMR spectra characterized by a relatively small average quadrupolar coupling attests to a highly disordered, essentially nondirectional anionic coordination in glyceline. For temperatures larger than about 1.3Tg the chlorine motions are well coupled to those of the glycerol and the choline moieties. At lower temperatures the local translational anion dynamics become Arrhenian and increasingly faster than the motion of glyceline's matrix molecules. Upon further cooling, the overall ionic conductivity continues to display a super-Arrhenius behavior, implying that the choline cations rather than the Cl anions dominate the long-range charge transport also near Tg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannik Hinz
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Beerwerth
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bastos H, Schaeffer N, Pringle JM, Coutinho JAP, Pozo-Gonzalo C. Enhanced Dissolution of Metal Oxides in Hydroxylated Solvents - Towards Application in Lithium-Ion Battery Leaching. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300455. [PMID: 37317672 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of critical metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rapidly growing. Current methods are energy-intensive and hazardous, while alternative solvent-based strategies require more studies on their 'green' character, metal dissolution mechanism and industrial applicability. Herein, we bridged this gap by studying the effect of dilute HCl solutions in hydroxylated solvents to dissolve Co, Ni and Mn oxides. Ethylene glycol emerged consistently as the most effective solvent, dissolving up to four times more Co and Ni oxides than using aqueous acidic media, attributed to improved chloro-complex formation and solvent effects. These effects had a significant contribution compared to acid type and concentration. The highest Co dissolution (0.27 M) was achieved in 0.5 M HCl in 25 % (v/v) glycerol in water, using less acid and a significant amount of water compared to other solvent systems, as well as mild temperatures (40 °C). This solvent was applied to dissolve battery cathode material, achieving 100 % dissolution of Co and Mn and 94 % dissolution of Ni, following what was concluded to be a mixed mechanism. These results offer a simple alternative to current leaching processes, reducing acid consumption, enhancing atomic efficiency, and paving the way for optimized industrial hydrometallurgical processes leaning to 'greener' strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bastos
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Nicolas Schaeffer
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-1933 -, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - João A P Coutinho
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-1933 -, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina Pozo-Gonzalo
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liquid structure of a water-based, hydrophobic and natural deep eutectic solvent: the case of thymol-water. A Molecular Dynamics study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
9
|
de Araujo Lima e Souza G, Di Pietro ME, Castiglione F, Vanoli V, Mele A. Insights into the Effect of Lithium Doping on the Deep Eutectic Solvent Choline Chloride:Urea. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7459. [PMID: 36363050 PMCID: PMC9656420 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Choline-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are potential candidates to replace flammable organic solvent electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the addition of a lithium salt on the structure and dynamics of the material needs to be clarified before it enters the battery. Here, the archetypical DES choline chloride:urea at 1:2 mole fraction has been added with lithium chloride at two different concentrations and the effect of the additional cation has been evaluated with respect to the non-doped system via multinuclear NMR techniques. 1H and 7Li spin-lattice relaxation times and diffusion coefficients have been measured between 298 K and 373 K and revealed a decrease in both rotational and translational mobility of the species after LiCl doping at a given temperature. Temperature dependent 35Cl linewidths reflect the viscosity increase upon LiCl addition, yet keep track of the lithium complexation. Quantitative indicators such as correlation times and activation energies give indirect insights into the intermolecular interactions of the mixtures, while lithium single-jump distance and transference number shed light into the lithium transport, being then of help in the design of future DES electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselle de Araujo Lima e Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Castiglione
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Vanoli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
- CNR-SCITEC Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu Q, Wang F, Jian Y, Chernyshev VM, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Yuan Z, Chen X. Extraction of flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza residues using deep eutectic solvents and its molecular mechanism. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
11
|
Hammond OS, Atri R, Bowron DT, Edler KJ. Neutron Diffraction Study of Indole Solvation in Deep Eutectic Systems of Choline Chloride, Malic Acid, and Water. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200566. [PMID: 35510678 PMCID: PMC9400976 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic systems are currently under intense investigation to replace traditional organic solvents in a range of syntheses. Here, indole in choline chloride‐malic acid deep eutectic solvent (DES) was studied as a function of water content, to identify solute interactions with the DES which affect heterocycle reactivity and selectivity, and as a proxy for biomolecule solvation. Empirical Potential Structure Refinement models of neutron diffraction data showed [Cholinium]+ cations associate strongly with the indole π‐system due to electrostatics, whereas malic acid is only weakly associated. Trace water is sequestered into the DES and does not interact strongly with indole. When water is added to the DES, it does not interact with the indole π‐system but is exclusively in‐plane with the heterocyclic rings, forming strong H‐bonds with the ‐NH group, and also weak H‐bonds and thus prominent hydrophobic hydration of the indole aromatic region, which could direct selectivity in reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S. Hammond
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY U.K
- Current address: Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Ria Atri
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemical Engineering University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| | - Daniel T. Bowron
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0QX U.K
| | - Karen J. Edler
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY U.K
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tolmachev D, Lukasheva N, Ramazanov R, Nazarychev V, Borzdun N, Volgin I, Andreeva M, Glova A, Melnikova S, Dobrovskiy A, Silber SA, Larin S, de Souza RM, Ribeiro MCC, Lyulin S, Karttunen M. Computer Simulations of Deep Eutectic Solvents: Challenges, Solutions, and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:645. [PMID: 35054840 PMCID: PMC8775846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are one of the most rapidly evolving types of solvents, appearing in a broad range of applications, such as nanotechnology, electrochemistry, biomass transformation, pharmaceuticals, membrane technology, biocomposite development, modern 3D-printing, and many others. The range of their applicability continues to expand, which demands the development of new DESs with improved properties. To do so requires an understanding of the fundamental relationship between the structure and properties of DESs. Computer simulation and machine learning techniques provide a fruitful approach as they can predict and reveal physical mechanisms and readily be linked to experiments. This review is devoted to the computational research of DESs and describes technical features of DES simulations and the corresponding perspectives on various DES applications. The aim is to demonstrate the current frontiers of computational research of DESs and discuss future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tolmachev
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Natalia Lukasheva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Ruslan Ramazanov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Victor Nazarychev
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Natalia Borzdun
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Igor Volgin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Maria Andreeva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Artyom Glova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sofia Melnikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Alexey Dobrovskiy
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Steven A. Silber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada;
- The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sergey Larin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Rafael Maglia de Souza
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (M.C.C.R.)
| | - Mauro Carlos Costa Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (M.C.C.R.)
| | - Sergey Lyulin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada;
- The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Veroutis E, Merz S, Eichel R, Granwehr J. Solvation and Ion-Pairing Effects of Choline Acetate Electrolyte in Protic and Aprotic Solvents Studied by NMR Titrations. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202100602. [PMID: 34708481 PMCID: PMC9297985 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Choline-based electrolytes have been proposed as environmentally friendly and low-cost alternatives for secondary zinc air batteries. Choline acetate [Ch]+ [OAc]- in protic (D2 O) and aprotic (DMSO-d6 ) solvents has been studied by means of concentration-dependent 1 H NMR, viscosity, and density measurements. The viscosities have been calculated on the basis of the Jones-Dole equation and showed that the dominant contribution originates from short-range ion-solvent interactions. Site-specific association affinities were assigned from NMR chemical shift titrations. In DMSO-d6 , the hydroxyl group of choline was found to have the smallest dissociation constant followed by the methyl group of acetate. The corresponding Gibbs energies at low concentration were found to be in agreement with a solvent-separated ion pair (2SIP) configuration, whereas at concentrations above 300 mM, a solvent-shared ion pair (SIP) configuration was assigned. For [Ch]+ [OAc]- in D2 O, association effects were found to be weaker, attributed to the high dielectric constant of the solvent. On time scales on the order of 100 ms, NMR linewidth perturbations indicated a change in the local rotational dynamics of the ions, attributed to short-range cation-solvent interactions and not to solvent viscosity. At 184 mM, ∼ 40 % of the cations in DMSO-d6 and ∼ 10 % in D2 O were found to exhibit short-range interactions, as indicated by the linewidth perturbations. It was found that at about 300 mM, the ions in DMSO-d6 exhibit a transition from free to collective translational dynamics on time scales on the order of 400 ms. In DMSO-d6 , both ions were found to be almost equally solvated, whereas in D2 O solvation of acetate was stronger, as indicated by the obtained effective hydrodynamic radii. For [Ch]+ [OAc]- in DMSO-d6 , the results suggest a solvent-shared ion association with weak H-bonding interactions for concentrations between 0.3-1 M. Overall, the extent of ion association in solvents such as DMSO is not expected to significantly limit charge transport and hinder the performance of choline-based electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Veroutis
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHInstitute of Energy and Climate Research – Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9)52428JülichGermany
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry52062AachenGermany
| | - Steffen Merz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHInstitute of Energy and Climate Research – Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9)52428JülichGermany
| | - Rüdiger‐A. Eichel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHInstitute of Energy and Climate Research – Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9)52428JülichGermany
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitute of Physical Chemistry52062AachenGermany
| | - Josef Granwehr
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHInstitute of Energy and Climate Research – Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9)52428JülichGermany
- RWTH Aachen UniversityInstitute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry52062AachenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paiva TG, Zanatta M, Cabrita EJ, Bernardes CE, Corvo MC. DMSO/IL solvent systems for cellulose dissolution: Binary or ternary mixtures? J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
15
|
Mudring AV, Hammond O. Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectics as a Transformative Platform for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3865-3892. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06543b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are becoming a revolutionary synthesis medium for inorganic nanomaterials, permitting more efficient, safer and environmentally benign preparation of high quality products. A smart combination of ILs and...
Collapse
|
16
|
Vidal E, Lorenzetti AS, Gomez FJV, Silva MF, Domini CE. Brand new Dual Absorption and Emission Smartphone-Based Spectrophotometer (DAESS) for the study of the role of water in the preparation of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1179:338831. [PMID: 34535267 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) are highly important for Green Chemistry principles and can be used instead of harmful organic solvents. Indeed, nowadays smartphone-based analytical devices can replace some traditional laboratory equipment. In the present work, a smartphone based dual spectrophotometer and spectrofluorometer device was designed, 3D manufactured, and validated. A resolution of 0.241 ± 0.010 pixel.nm-1 and a stability comparable with commercial instruments were obtained. Using the proposed device it was possible, for the first time, to study the role of water in NADES (fructose:urea:water) preparation, by testing the influence of structural and dilution water. In this sense, it was observed that when water was added before NADES preparation (integrated into the superstructure of the solvent), fluorescence and absorbance intensities sharply decayed (up to 90% and 95%, respectively). In contrast, dilution water had minor effects on spectroscopic features of the eutectic system, which was expressed as 29% and 23% of diminution of signal intensities for both techniques. The obtained results suggest that the moment the water is added plays a significant role in NADES properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Vidal
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Anabela S Lorenzetti
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Federico J V Gomez
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María F Silva
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad Nacional de Cuyo Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Claudia E Domini
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Busato M, Del Giudice A, Di Lisio V, Tomai P, Migliorati V, Gentili A, Martinelli A, D’Angelo P. Fate of a Deep Eutectic Solvent upon Cosolvent Addition: Choline Chloride-Sesamol 1:3 Mixtures with Methanol. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:12252-12261. [PMID: 34552826 PMCID: PMC8442355 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c03809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The changes upon methanol (MeOH) addition in the structural arrangement of the highly eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (DES) formed by choline chloride (ChCl) and sesamol in 1:3 molar ratio have been studied by means of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS), and molecular dynamics simulations. The introduction of MeOH into the DES promotes the increase of the number of Cl-MeOH hydrogen bonds (HBs) through the replacement of sesamol and choline molecules from the chloride anion coordination sphere. This effect does not promote the sesamol-sesamol, choline-choline, and sesamol-choline interactions, which remain as negligible as in the pure DES. Differently, the displaced sesamol and choline molecules are solvated by MeOH, which also forms HBs with other MeOH molecules, so that the system arranges itself to keep the overall amount of HBs maximized. SWAXS measurements show that this mechanism is predominant up to MeOH/DES molar ratios of 20-24, while after this ratio value, the scattering profile is progressively diluted in the cosolvent background and decreases toward the signal of pure MeOH. The ability of MeOH to interplay with all of the DES components produces mixtures with neither segregation of the components at nanoscale lengths nor macroscopic phase separation even for high MeOH contents. These findings have important implications for application purposes since the understanding of the pseudophase aggregates formed by a DES with a dispersing cosolvent can help in addressing an efficient extraction procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Busato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Del Giudice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Lisio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Tomai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Migliorati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola D’Angelo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome ”La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Makoś-Chełstowska P, Chromá R, Andruch V. Closer look into the structures of tetrabutylammonium bromide–glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents and their mixtures with water. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
19
|
van den Bruinhorst A, Kollau LJBM, Vis M, Hendrix MMRM, Meuldijk J, Tuinier R, Esteves ACC. From a eutectic mixture to a deep eutectic system via anion selection: Glutaric acid + tetraethylammonium halides. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:014502. [PMID: 34241388 DOI: 10.1063/5.0050533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In pursuit of understanding structure-property relationships for the melting point depression of binary eutectic mixtures, the influence of the anion on the solid-liquid (S-L) phase behavior was explored for mixtures of glutaric acid + tetraethylammonium chloride, bromide, and iodide. A detailed experimental evaluation of the S-L phase behavior revealed that the eutectic point is shifted toward lower temperatures and higher salt contents upon decreasing the ionic radius. The salt fusion properties were experimentally inaccessible owing to thermal decomposition. The data were inter- and extrapolated using various models for the Gibbs energy of mixing fitted to the glutaric-acid rich side only, which allowed for the assessment of the eutectic point. Fitting the experimental data to a two-parameter Redlich-Kister expansion with Flory entropy, the eutectic depth could be related to the ionic radius of the anion. The anion type, and in particular its size, can therefore be viewed as an important design parameter for the liquid window of other acid and salt-based deep eutectic solvents/systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan van den Bruinhorst
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Laura J B M Kollau
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Vis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marco M R M Hendrix
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Meuldijk
- Polymer Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Tuinier
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - A Catarina C Esteves
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Triolo A, Di Pietro ME, Mele A, Lo Celso F, Brehm M, Di Lisio V, Martinelli A, Chater P, Russina O. Liquid structure and dynamics in the choline acetate:urea 1:2 deep eutectic solvent. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:244501. [PMID: 34241369 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the thermodynamic, structural, and dynamic properties of a recently proposed deep eutectic solvent, formed by choline acetate (ChAc) and urea (U) at the stoichiometric ratio 1:2, hereinafter indicated as ChAc:U. Although the crystalline phase melts at 36-38 °C depending on the heating rate, ChAc:U can be easily supercooled at sub-ambient conditions, thus maintaining at the liquid state, with a glass-liquid transition at about -50 °C. Synchrotron high energy x-ray scattering experiments provide the experimental data for supporting a reverse Monte Carlo analysis to extract structural information at the atomistic level. This exploration of the liquid structure of ChAc:U reveals the major role played by hydrogen bonding in determining interspecies correlations: both acetate and urea are strong hydrogen bond acceptor sites, while both choline hydroxyl and urea act as HB donors. All ChAc:U moieties are involved in mutual interactions, with acetate and urea strongly interacting through hydrogen bonding, while choline being mostly involved in van der Waals mediated interactions. Such a structural situation is mirrored by the dynamic evidences obtained by means of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, which show how urea and acetate species experience higher translational activation energy than choline, fingerprinting their stronger commitments into the extended hydrogen bonding network established in ChAc:U.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Triolo
- Laboratorio Liquidi Ionici, Istituto Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta," Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Lo Celso
- Laboratorio Liquidi Ionici, Istituto Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Martin Brehm
- Institut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Valerio Di Lisio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Philip Chater
- Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Russina
- Laboratorio Liquidi Ionici, Istituto Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISM-CNR), Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hammond OS, Simon G, Gomes MC, Padua AAH. Tuning the solvation of indigo in aqueous deep eutectics. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:224502. [PMID: 34241234 DOI: 10.1063/5.0051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The solubility of synthetic indigo dye was measured at room temperature in three deep eutectic solvents (DESs)-1:3 choline chloride:1,4-butanediol, 1:3 tetrabutylammonium bromide:1,4-butanediol, and 1:2 choline chloride:p-cresol-to test the hypothesis that the structure of DESs can be systematically altered, to induce specific DES-solute interactions, and, thus, tune solubility. DESs were designed starting from the well-known cholinium chloride salt mixed with the partially amphiphilic 1,4-butanediol hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and then, the effect of increasing salt hydrophobicity (tetrabutylammonium bromide) and HBD hydrophobicity (p-cresol) was explored. Measurements were made between 2.5 and 25 wt. % H2O, as a reasonable range representing atmospherically absorbed water, and molecular dynamics simulations were used for structural analysis. The choline chloride:1,4-butanediol DES had the lowest indigo solubility, with only the hydrophobic character of the alcohol alkyl spacers. Solubility was highest for indigo in the tetrabutylammonium bromide:1,4-butanediol DES with 2.5 wt. % H2O due to interactions of indigo with the hydrophobic cation, but further addition of water caused this to reduce in line with the added water mole fraction, as water solvated the cation and reduced the extent of the hydrophobic region. The ChCl:p-cresol DES did not have the highest solubility at 2.5 wt. % H2O, but did at 25 wt. % H2O. Radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and spatial distribution functions demonstrate that this is due to strong indigo-HBD interactions, which allow this system to resist the higher mole fraction of water molecules and retain its solubility. The DES is, therefore, a host to local-composition effects in solvation, where its hydrophobic moieties concentrate around the hydrophobic solute, illustrating the versatility of DES as solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Hammond
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon & CNRS, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Guillaume Simon
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon & CNRS, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | | | - Agílio A H Padua
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon & CNRS, 69364, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Miao S, Jiang HJ, Imberti S, Atkin R, Warr G. Aqueous choline amino acid deep eutectic solvents. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:214504. [PMID: 34240972 DOI: 10.1063/5.0052479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the structure and phase behavior of biocompatible, aqueous deep eutectic solvents by combining choline acetate, hydrogen aspartate, and aspartate amino acid salts with water as the sole molecular hydrogen bond donor. Using contrast-variation neutron diffraction, interpreted via computational modeling, we show how the interplay between anion structure and water content affects the hydrogen bond network structure in the liquid, which, in turn, influences the eutectic composition and temperature. These mixtures expand the current range choline amino acid ionic liquids under investigation for biomass processing applications to include higher melting point salts and also explain how the ionic liquids retain their desirable properties in aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shurui Miao
- School of Chemistry and Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Haihui Joy Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Silvia Imberti
- STFC, ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Atkin
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gregory Warr
- School of Chemistry and Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Busato M, Migliorati V, Del Giudice A, Di Lisio V, Tomai P, Gentili A, D'Angelo P. Anatomy of a deep eutectic solvent: structural properties of choline chloride : sesamol 1 : 3 compared to reline. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11746-11754. [PMID: 33982713 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01105g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structural properties of the deep eutectic solvent (DES) formed by choline chloride (ChCl) and sesamol in 1 : 3 ratio have been investigated and compared to those of reline (ChCl : urea 1 : 2). An integrated approach combining small and wide angle X-ray scattering with molecular dynamics simulations has been employed and the simulation protocol has been validated against the experimental data. In the ChCl : sesamol DES, strong hydrogen bonds (HBs) are formed between the chloride anion and the hydroxyl groups of the choline and of sesamol molecules. Conversely, choline-choline, choline-sesamol and sesamol-sesamol interactions are negligible. A more extended interplay between the constituents is observed in reline where, besides the HBs involving the chloride anion, the eutectic formation is favored also by strong choline-urea and urea-urea interactions. The three-dimensional arrangement around the individual components shows that, in the ChCl : sesamol DES, the cholinium cations and the sesamol molecules are packed in such a way to maximize the interactions with the chlorine anion. This structural arrangement may favor the π-π interactions between the sesamol molecules and the aromatic species mediated by the chloride ions, providing an interpretation for the high separation rates previously observed for phenolic DESs towards aromatic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Busato
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Migliorati
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Valerio Di Lisio
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Tomai
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Gentili
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola D'Angelo
- Department of Chemistry, University "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mannu A, Blangetti M, Baldino S, Prandi C. Promising Technological and Industrial Applications of Deep Eutectic Systems. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2494. [PMID: 34065921 PMCID: PMC8151193 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Systems (DESs) are obtained by combining Hydrogen Bond Acceptors (HBAs) and Hydrogen Bond Donors (HBDs) in specific molar ratios. Since their first appearance in the literature in 2003, they have shown a wide range of applications, ranging from the selective extraction of biomass or metals to medicine, as well as from pollution control systems to catalytic active solvents and co-solvents. The very peculiar physical properties of DESs, such as the elevated density and viscosity, reduced conductivity, improved solvent ability and a peculiar optical behavior, can be exploited for engineering modular systems which cannot be obtained with other non-eutectic mixtures. In the present review, selected DESs research fields, as their use in materials synthesis, as solvents for volatile organic compounds, as ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations and as active solvents and cosolvents in organic synthesis, are reported and discussed in terms of application and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mannu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.)
| | | | | | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy; (M.B.); (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hammond OS, Atri RS, Bowron DT, de Campo L, Diaz-Moreno S, Keenan LL, Doutch J, Eslava S, Edler KJ. Structural evolution of iron forming iron oxide in a deep eutectic-solvothermal reaction. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1723-1737. [PMID: 33428701 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DES) and their hydrated mixtures are used for solvothermal routes towards greener functional nanomaterials. Here we present the first static structural and in situ studies of the formation of iron oxide (hematite) nanoparticles in a DES of choline chloride : urea where xurea = 0.67 (aka. reline) as an exemplar solvothermal reaction, and observe the effects of water on the reaction. The initial speciation of Fe3+ in DES solutions was measured using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), while the atomistic structure of the mixture was resolved from neutron and X-ray diffraction and empirical potential structure refinement (EPSR) modelling. The reaction was monitored using in situ small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), to determine mesoscale changes, and EXAFS, to determine local rearrangements of order around iron ions. It is shown that iron salts form an octahedral [Fe(L)3(Cl)3] complex where (L) represents various O-containing ligands. Solubilised Fe3+ induced subtle structural rearrangements in the DES due to abstraction of chloride into complexes and distortion of H-bonding around complexes. EXAFS suggests the complex forms [-O-Fe-O-] oligomers by reaction with the products of thermal hydrolysis of urea, and is thus pseudo-zero-order in iron. In the hydrated DES, the reaction, nucleation and growth proceeds rapidly, whereas in the pure DES, the reaction initially proceeds quickly, but suddenly slows after 5000 s. In situ SANS and static small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments reveal that nanoparticles spontaneously nucleate after 5000 s of reaction time in the pure DES before slow growth. Contrast effects observed in SANS measurements suggest that hydrated DES preferentially form 1D particle morphologies because of choline selectively capping surface crystal facets to direct growth along certain axes, whereas capping is restricted by the solvent structure in the pure DES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver S Hammond
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Doctoral Training in Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|