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Xu Z, Chen N, Huang S, Wang S, Han D, Xiao M, Meng Y. Strategies for Mitigating Phosphoric Acid Leaching in High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:4480. [PMID: 39339475 PMCID: PMC11434161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) have become one of the important development directions of PEMFCs because of their outstanding features, including fast reaction kinetics, high tolerance against impurities in fuel, and easy heat and water management. The proton exchange membrane (PEM), as the core component of HT-PEMFCs, plays the most critical role in the performance of fuel cells. Phosphoric acid (PA)-doped membranes have showed satisfied proton conductivity at high-temperature and anhydrous conditions, and significant advancements have been achieved in the design and development of HT-PEMFCs based on PA-doped membranes. However, the persistent issue of HT-PEMFCs caused by PA leaching remains a challenge that cannot be ignored. This paper provides a concise overview of the proton conduction mechanism in HT-PEMs and the underlying causes of PA leaching in HT-PEMFCs and highlights the strategies aimed at mitigating PA leaching, such as designing crosslinked structures, incorporation of hygroscopic nanoparticles, improving the alkalinity of polymers, covalently linking acidic groups, preparation of multilayer membranes, constructing microporous structures, and formation of micro-phase separation. This review will offer a guidance for further research and development of HT-PEMFCs with high performance and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Nanjie Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shuanjin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dongmei Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Min Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuezhong Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
- Institute of Chemistry, Henan Provincial Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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2
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Liu L, Gao Y, Dong C, Yang J, Yin P. The Hybridization of Polymers with Metal Oxide Clusters for the Design of Non-Fluorinated Proton Exchange Membranes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402262. [PMID: 38945834 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
As the key component of various energy storage and conversion devices, proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have been attracting significant interest. However, their further development is limited by the high cost of perfluorosulfonic acid polymers and the poor stability of acid-dopped non-fluorinated polymers. Recently, a new group of PEMs has been developed by hybridizing polyoxometalates (POMs), a group of super acidic sub-nanoscale metal oxide clusters, with polymers. POMs can serve simultaneously as both proton sponges and stabilizing agents, and their complexation with polymers can further improve polymers' mechanical performance and processability. Enormous efforts have been focused on studying supramolecular complexation or covalent grafting of POMs with various polymers to optimize PEMs in terms of cost, mechanical properties and stabilities. This concept summarizes recent advances in this emerging field and outlines the design strategies and application perspectives employed for using POM-polymer hybrid materials as PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Yiren Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Chen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Panchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
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3
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Yang J, Xu H, Li J, Gong K, Yue F, Han X, Wu K, Shao P, Fu Q, Zhu Y, Xu W, Huang X, Xie J, Wang F, Yang W, Zhang T, Xu Z, Feng X, Wang B. Oxygen- and proton-transporting open framework ionomer for medium-temperature fuel cells. Science 2024; 385:1115-1120. [PMID: 39236188 DOI: 10.1126/science.adq2259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Medium-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (MT PEMFCs) operating at 100° to 120°C have improved kinetics, simplified thermal and water management, and broadened fuel tolerance compared with low-temperature PEMFCs. However, high temperatures lead to Nafion ionomer dehydration and exacerbate gas transportation limitations. Inspired by osmolytes found in hyperthermophiles, we developed α-aminoketone-linked covalent organic framework (COF) ionomers, interwoven with Nafion, to act as "breathable" proton conductors. This approach leverages synergistic hydrogen bonding to retain water, enhancing hydration and proton transport while reducing oxygen transport resistance. For commercial Pt/C, the MT PEMFCs achieved peak and rated power densities of 18.1 and 9.5 Watts per milligram of Pt at the cathode at 105°C fueled with H2 and air, marking increases of 101 and 187%, respectively, compared with cells lacking the COF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Hengyu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ke Gong
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xianghao Han
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qingling Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zengshi Xu
- Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion, Wuhan Hydrogen Fuel Cell Engineering Research Center, Wuhan 430064, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material, Advanced Technology Research Institute (Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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Ling Z, Wang B, Liu Q, Fu X, Zhang R, Li X, Zhao F, Bao X, Hu S, Yang J. In-situ strategies for melamine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets-based nanocomposite proton exchange membranes in wide-temperature range applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:388-399. [PMID: 39255596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The traditional preparation of nanocomposite proton exchange membranes (PEM) is hindered by poor organic-inorganic interface compatibility, insufficient proton-conducting sites, easy aggregation of nanoparticles, and difficulty in leveraging nanoscale advantages. In this study, a novel method involving electrochemical anodic oxidation exfoliation was employed to prepare melamine-coated graphene oxide (Me@GO), which was subsequently subjected to in-situ polymerization with poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) to prepare a Me@GO/ABPBI composite proton exchange membrane. Benefiting from the strong hydrogen bonding and large π stacking interactions, melamine (Me) tightly bound to graphene oxide (GO), effectively preventing the secondary aggregation of GO after exfoliation. Moreover, the abundant alkaline functional groups of melamine enhanced the enhancement of phosphoric acid (PA) retention in the Me@GO/ABPBI membranes, thereby increasing the number of proton-conducting sites. The experimental results indicated that the introduction of Me@GO enhanced membrane properties. For Me@GO at a concentration of 1 wt%, the tensile strength of the 1Me@GO/ABPBI composite membrane reached 207 MPa, nearly 2.52 times that of the pure membrane. The proton conductivity of the 1Me@GO/ABPBI composite membrane reached 0.01 S cm-1 across a wide temperature range (40-180 °C), peaking at 0.087 S cm-1 at 180 °C. Additionally, a single-cell incorporating the 1Me@GO/ABPBI composite membrane achieved a peak power density of 0.304 W cm-2 at 160 °C, nearly 1.46 times that of the pure membrane. Benefiting from the well-dispersed and PA-enriched proton channels provided by Me@GO, the Me@GO/ABPBI composite membrane exhibits excellent prospects for wide-temperature range (40-180 °C) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Ling
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China
| | - Qingting Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Xudong Fu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Wuhan Troowin Power System Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xujin Bao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3NW, UK
| | - Shengfei Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.
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5
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Jenewein KJ, Kan K, Guevarra D, Jones RJR, Lai Y, Suram SK, Haber JA, Cherevko S, Gregoire JM. Automated monitoring of electrocatalyst corrosion as a function of electrochemical history and electrolyte formulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9554-9557. [PMID: 39140135 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02906b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Automated platforms assessing the stability of electrocatalysts are key to accelerate the deployment of clean energy technologies. Here, we present a robust system that allows the study of corrosion behavior in conjunction with the electrochemical protocol and electrolyte composition over many individual electrodes. Oxygen reduction reaction on Pt is used as a proof-of-concept platform, where the influence of the potential window and phosphoric acid (PA) addition on Pt dissolution is probed. A total of 72 hours of automated operation was realized with actions including liquid management, cell cleaning, aliquoting, PA injection, and bubble detection and removal, demonstrating further advancements in automated stability testing for electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken J Jenewein
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IET-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin Kan
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Dan Guevarra
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J R Jones
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Yungchieh Lai
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Joel A Haber
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IET-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Cauerstrasse 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - John M Gregoire
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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6
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Tao S, Jiang D. Accelerating Anhydrous Proton Transport in Covalent Organic Frameworks: Pore Chemistry and its Impacts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202408296. [PMID: 38843109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202408296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Proton conduction is important in both fundamental research and technological development. Here we report designed synthesis of crystalline porous covalent organic frameworks as a new platform for high-rate anhydrous proton conduction. By developing nanochannels with different topologies as proton pathways and loading neat phosphoric acid to construct robust proton carrier networks in the pores, we found that pore topology is crucial for proton conduction. Its effect on increasing proton conductivity is in an exponential mode other than linear fashion, endowing the materials with exceptional proton conductivities exceeding 10-2 S cm-1 over a broad range of temperature and a low activation energy barrier down to 0.24 eV. Remarkably, the pore size controls conduction mechanism, where mesopores promote proton conduction via a fast-hopping mechanism, while micropores follow a sluggish vehicle process. Notably, decreasing phosphoric acid loading content drastically reduces proton conductivity and greatly increases activation energy barrier, emphasizing the pivotal role of well-developed proton carrier network in proton transport. These findings and insights unveil a new general and transformative guidance for designing porous framework materials and systems for high-rate ion conduction, energy storage, and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Donglin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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7
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Cai K, Yu J, Tan W, Gao C, Zhao Z, Yuan S, Cheng J, Yang Y, Yuan Y. The Incorporation of Sulfonated PAF Enhances the Proton Conductivity of Nafion Membranes at High Temperatures. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2208. [PMID: 39125234 PMCID: PMC11314880 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nafion membranes are widely used as proton exchange membranes, but their proton conductivity deteriorates in high-temperature environments due to the loss of water molecules. To address this challenge, we propose the utilization of porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) as a potential solution. PAFs exhibit remarkable characteristics, such as a high specific surface area and porosity, and their porous channels can be post-synthesized. Here, a novel approach was employed to synthesize a PAF material, designated as PAF-45D, which exhibits a specific surface area of 1571.9 m2·g-1 and possesses the added benefits of facile synthesis and a low cost. Subsequently, sulfonation treatment was applied to PAF-45D in order to introduce sulfonic acid groups into its pores, resulting in the formation of PAF-45DS. The successful incorporation of sulfonic groups was confirmed through TG, IR, and EDS analyses. Furthermore, a novel Nafion composite membrane was prepared by incorporating PAF-45DS. The Nyquist plot of the composite membranes demonstrates that the sulfonated PAF-45DS material can enhance the proton conductivity of Nafion membranes at high temperatures. Specifically, under identical film formation conditions, doping with a 4% mass fraction of PAF-45DS, the conductivity of the Nafion composite membrane increased remarkably from 2.25 × 10-3 S·cm-1 to 5.67 × 10-3 S·cm-1, nearly 2.5 times higher. Such promising and cost-effective materials could be envisioned for application in the field of Nafion composite membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinzhu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Wenjun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Cong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Zili Zhao
- XuJue Electric Co., Ltd., Xuchang 461000, China;
| | - Suxin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinghui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion of Henan Province, Institute of Surface Micro and Nano Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China; (J.Y.); (W.T.); (C.G.); (S.Y.); (J.C.)
| | - Yajie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
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8
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Huang J, Liu Q, Huang J, Xu M, Lai W, Gu Z. Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction to Multicarbon Products on Non-Copper Based Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202401173. [PMID: 38982867 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202401173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) to value-added multicarbon (C2+) products offers a promising approach for achieving carbon neutrality and storing intermittent renewable energy. Copper (Cu)-based electrocatalysts generally play the predominant role in this process. Yet recently, more and more non-Cu materials have demonstrated the capability to convert CO2 into C2+, which provides impressive production efficiency even exceeding those on Cu, and a wider variety of C2+ compounds not achievable with Cu counterparts. This motivates us to organize the present review to make a timely and tutorial summary of recent progresses on developing non-Cu based catalysts for CO2-to-C2+. We begin by elucidating the reaction pathways for C2+ formation, with an emphasis on the unique C-C coupling mechanisms in non-Cu electrocatalysts. Subsequently, we summarize the typical C2+-involved non-Cu catalysts, including ds-, d- and p-block metals, as well as metal-free materials, presenting the state-of-the-art design strategies to enhance C2+ efficiency. The system upgrading to promote C2+ productivity on non-Cu electrodes covering microbial electrosynthesis, electrolyte engineering, regulation of operational conditions, and synergistic co-electrolysis, is highlighted as well. Our review concludes with an exploration of the challenges and future opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qianwen Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ming Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wenchuan Lai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China
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9
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Lin J, Wang P, Bin J, Wang L. Achieving 1060 mW cm -2 with 0.6 mg cm -2 Pt Loading Based on Imidazole-Riched Semi-Interpenetrating Proton Exchange Membrane at High-Temperature Fuel Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311767. [PMID: 38369969 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing phosphoric acid (PA) doping in polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes is crucial for improving the performance of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). However, excessive PA uptake often leads to drawbacks such as PA loss and compromised mechanical properties when surpassing PA capacity of PBI basic functionality. Herein, a new strategy that integrates high PA uptake, mechanical strength, and acid retention is proposed by embedding linear PBI chains into a crosslinked poly(N-vinylimidazole) (PVIm) backbone via in-situ polymerization. The imidazole (Im)-riched semi-interpenetrating polymer network (sIPN) membrane with high-density nitrogen moieties, significantly enhancing the PA doping degree to 380% shows an excellent conductivity (0.108 S cm-1). Meanwhile, the crosslinking structure in the sIPN membrane ensures adequate mechanical properties, low hydrogen permeability, and a relatively low swelling ratio. As a result, the single cell based on the membrane achieves the highest power density of 1060 mW cm-2 with a low Pt loading (0.6 mg cm-2) up to now and exhibits excellent fuel cell stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jinsheng Bin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong, 521041, China
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10
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Wang Q, Wang L, Zhang M, Peng Z, Lu Y, Lv P, Yang J. Preparation of novel membranes with multiple hydrogen bonding sites and π-conjugated structure for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5318-5321. [PMID: 38666525 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
A novel poly(dibenzofuran isatin) (PBFI) with π conjugated structure was synthesized. Through the facile ring-opening reaction, flexible and hydrophilic side chains with hydroxyl and quaternary ammounium groups were grafted into PBFI. Obtained PBFI-x%GTA membranes with twisted polymer structure and multiple hydrogen bonding sites displayed high HT-PEMFC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Lele Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Meichen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Zhen Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Peiru Lv
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jingshuai Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
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11
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Yang B, Xiang Z. Nanostructure Engineering of Cathode Layers in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: From Catalysts to Membrane Electrode Assembly. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11598-11630. [PMID: 38669279 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which is the place where the reaction occurrence, the multiphase material transfer and the energy conversion, and the development of MEA with high activity and long stability are crucial for the practical application of PEMFCs. Currently, efforts are devoted to developing the regulation of MEA nanostructure engineering, which is believed to have advantages in improving catalyst utilization, maximizing three-phase boundaries, enhancing mass transport, and improving operational stability. This work reviews recent research progress on platinum group metal (PGM) and PGM-free catalysts with multidimensional nanostructures, catalyst layers (CLs), and nano-MEAs for PEMFCs, emphasizing the importance of structure-function relationships, aiming to guide the further development of the performance for PEMFCs. Then the design strategy of the MEA interface is summarized systematically. In addition, the application of in situ and operational characterization techniques to adequately identify current density distributions, hot spots, and water management visualization of MEAs is also discussed. Finally, the limitations of nanostructured MEA research are discussed and future promising research directions are proposed. This paper aims to provide valuable insights into the fundamental science and technical engineering of efficient MEA interfaces for PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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12
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Li X, Zhang B, Wang Z, Chen Y, Guo J, Kang S, Zou W, Zheng J, Li S, Zhang S. Confined Nano-Channels Incorporated with Multi-Quaternized Cations for Highly Phosphoric Acid Retention HT-PEMs. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308860. [PMID: 38168096 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Developing a new strategy to retain phosphoric acid (PA) to improve the performance and durability of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) remains a challenge. Here, a strategy for ion-restricted catcher microstructure that incorporates PA-doped multi-quaternized poly(fluorene alkylene-co-biphenyl alkylene) (PFBA) bearing confined nanochannels is reported. Dynamic analysis reveals strong interaction between side chains and PA molecules, confirming that the microstructure can improve PA retention. The PFBA linked with triquaternary ammonium side chain (PFBA-tQA) shows the highest PA retention rate of 95%. Its H2/O2 fuel cell operates within 0.6% voltage decay at 160 °C/0% RH, and it also runs over 100 h at 100 °C/49% RH under external humidification. This combination of high PA retention, and chemical and dimensional stability fills a gap in the HT-PEMFC field, which requires strict moisture control at 90-120 °C to prevent acid leaching, simplifying the start-up procedure of HT-PEMFC without preheating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zimo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Yaohan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Shuwen Kang
- Transimage Sodium-Ion Battery Technology, Gaoyou, 225600, China
| | - Weimin Zou
- Transimage Sodium-Ion Battery Technology, Gaoyou, 225600, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shenghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Suobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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13
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Lan H, Hao D, Su Z, Zheng T, Liu S, Ma J, He Y, Gao L, Wang Z. Large-scale research on durability test cycle of fuel cell system based on CATC. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8921. [PMID: 38637615 PMCID: PMC11026420 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Durability is one of the technical bottlenecks restricting fuel cell electric vehicle development. As a result, significant time and resources have been invested in research related to this area worldwide. Current durability research mainly focuses on the single cell and stack levels, which is quite different from the usage scenarios of actual vehicles. There is almost no research on developing durability test cycles on the fuel cell system level. This paper proposes a universal model for developing a durability test cycle for fuel cell system based on the China automotive test cycle. Large-scale comparison tests of the fuel cell systems are conducted. After 1000 h test, the output performance degradation of three mass-produced fuel cell system is 14.49%, 9.59%, and 4.21%, respectively. The test results show that the durability test cycle proposed in this paper can effectively accelerate the durability test of the fuel cell system and evaluate the durability performance of the fuel cell system. Moreover, the methodology proposed in this paper could be used in any other test cycles such as NEDC (New European Driving Cycle), WLTC (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedure), etc. And it has comprehensive application value and are significant for reducing the cost of durability testing of fuel cell systems and promoting the industrialization of fuel cell electric vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lan
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China.
| | - Dong Hao
- CATARC New Energy Vehicle Test Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Zhiyang Su
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Tianlei Zheng
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Shaohui Liu
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China.
| | - Jicheng Ma
- CATARC New Energy Vehicle Test Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Yuntang He
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Lei Gao
- SHANGHAI REFIRE Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201803, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300300, China.
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14
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Luan TX, Zhang P, Wang Q, Xiao X, Feng Y, Yuan S, Li PZ, Xu Q. "All in One" Strategy for Achieving Superprotonic Conductivity by Incorporating Strong Acids into a Robust Imidazole-Linked Covalent Organic Framework. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38603798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of solid-state proton-conducting electrolytes possessing both high performance and long-life reusability is significant but challenging. An "all-in-one" composite, H3PO4@PyTFB-1-SO3H, including imidazole, sulfonic acid, and phosphoric acid, which are essential for proton conduction, was successfully prepared by chemical post-modification and physical loading in the rationally pre-synthesized imidazole-based nanoporous covalent organic framework (COF), PyTFB-1. The resultant H3PO4@PyTFB-1-SO3H exhibits superhigh proton conductivity with its value even highly up to 1.15 × 10-1 S cm-1 at 353 K and 98% relative humidity (RH), making it one of the highest COF-based composites reported so far under the same conditions. Experimental studies and theoretical calculations further confirmed that the imidazole and sulfonic acid groups have strong interactions with the H3PO4 molecules and the synergistic effect of these three groups dramatically improves the proton conductivity properties of H3PO4@PyTFB-1-SO3H. This work demonstrated that by aggregating multiple proton carriers into one composite, effective proton-conducting electrolyte can be feasibly achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Xiang Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Inter-disciplinary Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pengtu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong Institute of Pertroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying 257061, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiurong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Inter-disciplinary Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yijing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Inter-disciplinary Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shiling Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Inter-disciplinary Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong Province, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong Institute of Pertroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying 257061, Shandong Province, China
| | - Pei-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Institute of Frontier and Inter-disciplinary Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong, Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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15
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Wu Y, Huang G, Du S, Li M, Liu Q, Zhou Y, Jiang Z, Zhu X, Wang Y, Wang T, Tao L, Wang S. Electrocatalysis Boosts the Methanol Thermocatalytic Dehydrogenation for High-Purity H 2 and CO Production. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9657-9664. [PMID: 38557037 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen production from methanol represents an energy-sustainable way to produce ethanol, but it normally results in heavy CO2 emissions. The selective conversion of methanol into H2 and valuable chemical feedstocks offers a promising strategy; however, it is limited by the harsh operating conditions and low conversion efficiency. Herein, we realize efficient high-purity H2 and CO production from methanol by coupling the thermocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation with electrocatalytic hydrogen oxidation on a bifunctional Ru/C catalyst. Electrocatalysis enables the acceleration of C-H cleavage and reduces the partial pressure of hydrogen at the anode, which drives the chemical equilibrium and significantly enhances methanol dehydrogenation. Furthermore, a bilayer Ru/C + Pd/C electrode is designed to mitigate CO poisoning and facilitate hydrogen oxidation. As a result, a high yield of H2 (558.54 mmol h-1 g-1) with high purity (99.9%) was achieved by integrating an applied cell voltage of 0.4 V at 200 °C, superior to the conventional thermal and electrocatalytic processes, and CO is the main product at the anode. This work presents a new avenue for efficient H2 production together with valuable chemical synthesis from methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Gen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, P. R. China
| | - Miaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zuyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Li Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou 511300, P. R. China
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16
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Dong C, Zhang B, Song H, Zhou S, Ye J, Liao HG, Dong L, Huang X, Bu L. Platinum-Tellurium Heterojunction Nanosheet Assemblies for Efficient Direct Formic Acid Electrooxidation Catalysis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10008-10018. [PMID: 38551183 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) heterojunction nanomaterials offer exceptional physicochemical and catalytic properties, thanks to their special spatial electronic structure. However, synthesizing morphologically uniform 2D platinum (Pt)-based metallic nanomaterials with diverse crystalline phases remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we have achieved the successful synthesis of advanced 2D platinum-tellurium heterojunction nanosheet assemblies (Ptx-PtTe2 HJNSAs, x = 0, 1, 2), seamlessly integrating both trigonal PtTe2 (t-PtTe2) and cubic Pt (c-Pt) phases. By enabling efficient electron transport and leveraging the specific electron density present at the heterojunction, the Pt2-PtTe2 HJNSAs/C demonstrated exceptional formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) activity and stability. Specifically, the specific and mass activities reached 8.4 mA cm-2 and 6.1 A mgPt-1, which are 46.7 and 50.8 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C, respectively. Impressively, aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC-HAADF-STEM) revealed a closely packed arrangement of atomic layers and a coherent intergrowth heterogeneous structure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further indicated that rearrangement of electronic structure occurred on the surface of Pt2-PtTe2 HJNSAs resulting in a more favorable dehydrogenation pathway and excellent CO tolerance, beneficial for performance improvement. This work inspires the targeted exploration of Pt-based nanomaterials through 2D heterostructure design, leading to an important impact on fuel cell catalysis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Huijun Song
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology and College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jinyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hong-Gang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lisha Dong
- Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Kalgoorlie, WA 6430, Australia
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lingzheng Bu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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17
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Sutar P, Das TN, Jena R, Dutta D, Bhattacharyya AJ, Maji TK. Proton Conductivity in a Metal-Organic Cube-Based Framework and Derived Hydrogel with Tubular Morphology. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5913-5922. [PMID: 38436582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The hydrogels, formed by self-assembly of predesigned, discrete metal-organic cubes (MOCs), have emerged as a new type of functional soft material whose diverse properties are yet to be explored. Here, we explore the proton conductivity of a MOC-based supramolecular porous framework {(Me2NH2)12[Ga8(ImDC)12]·DMF·29H2O} (1) (ImDC = 4,5-imidazole dicarboxylate) and derived hydrogel (MOC-G1). The intrinsic charge-assisted H-bonded (between anionic MOC {[Ga8(ImDC)12]12-} and dimethylammonium cations) framework 1 exhibits an ambient condition proton conductivity value of 2.3 × 10-5 S cm-1 (@40% RH) which increases with increasing temperature (8.2 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 120 °C and 40% RH) and follows the Grotthuss type of mechanism of proton conduction. Self-assembly of the MOCs in the presence of ammonium cations, as molecular binders, resulted in a hydrogel (MOC-G1) that shows directional H-bonded 1D nanotubular morphology. While guest water molecules are immensely important in deciding the proton conductivity of both 1 and MOC-G1, the presence of additional proton carriers, such as DMA and ammonium cations, resulted in at least 1 order increment in the proton conductivity of the latter (1.8 × 10-2 S cm-1) than the former (1.4 × 10-3 S cm-1) under 25 °C and 98% RH condition. The values of proton conductivity of 1 and MOC-G1 are comparable with those of the best proton conduction reports in the literature. This work may pave the way for the development of proton conductors with unique architecture and conductivity requisite for the state-of-the-art technologies by selecting appropriate MOC and molecular binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papri Sutar
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam 788010, India
| | - Tarak Nath Das
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Rohan Jena
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Dipak Dutta
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit (SSCU), and Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aninda Jiban Bhattacharyya
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit (SSCU), and Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maji
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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18
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Liu L, Huang A, Yang J, Chen J, Fu K, Sun W, Deng J, Yin JF, Yin P. Supramolecular Complexation of Metal Oxide Cluster and Non-Fluorinated Polymer for Large-Scale Fabrication of Proton Exchange Membranes for High-Power-Density Fuel Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318355. [PMID: 38265930 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cost-effective, non-fluorinated polymer proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are highly desirable in emerging hydrogen fuel cells (FCs) technology; however, their low proton conductivities and poor chemical and dimension stabilities hinder their further development as alternatives to commercial Nafion®. Here, we report the inorganic-organic hybridization strategy by facilely complexing commercial polymers, polyvinyl butyral (PVB), with inorganic molecular nanoparticles, H3 PW12 O40 (PW) via supramolecular interaction. The strong affinity among them endows the obtained nanocomposites amphiphilicity and further lead to phase separation for bi-continuous structures with both inter-connected proton transportation channels and robust polymer scaffold, enabling high proton conductivities, mechanical/dimension stability and barrier performance, and the H2 /O2 FCs equipped with the composite PEM show promising power densities and long-term stability. Interestingly, the hybrid PEM can be fabricated continuously in large scale at challenging ~10 μm thickness via typical tape casting technique originated from their facile complexing strategy and the hybrids' excellent mechanical properties. This work not only provides potential material systems for commercial PEMs, but also raises interest for the research on hybrid composites for PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Aowen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Kewen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Fu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Panchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
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19
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Wenkai L, Zhiyong X, Haodong Z. Current status of research on composite bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs): nanofillers and structure optimization. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7172-7194. [PMID: 38419679 PMCID: PMC10900183 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08054d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an efficient and clean energy source with promising applications. However, drawbacks such as high cost and low durability limit its application. Bipolar plates are an important component of PEMFCs, which not only account for a large proportion of the price and quality, but also affect the performance and durability of PEMFCs. Unlike traditional graphite and metal bipolar plates, composite bipolar plates have the advantages of easy processing, low cost, and corrosion resistance, but their lower performance limits their practical applications. This paper firstly summarizes the current research progress of various nanofillers used to improve the performance of composite bipolar plates, and discusses the improvement of the performance of composite bipolar plates by different forms and types of nanofillers. The morphological characteristics of different types of nanofillers and their effects on the improvement of conductive pathways are also analyzed. Subsequently, the means of structural optimization of composite bipolar plates are summarized, and specific optimization methods for phase interface, graphite/resin dispersion morphology, and conductive network structure are discussed in detail. Finally, challenges are discussed. Overall, this review can provide a reference for future research on composite bipolar plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wenkai
- Central South University Changsha 410017 Hunan Province China
| | - Xie Zhiyong
- Central South University Changsha 410017 Hunan Province China
| | - Zeng Haodong
- Central South University Changsha 410017 Hunan Province China
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20
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Sheng L, Song X, Wang M, Zheng S. Thermally reversible hydrogels printing of customizable bio-channels with curvature. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128595. [PMID: 38056748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Replicating intricate bio-channels, akin to expansive vascular networks, offers numerous advantages including self-repair, replacing damaged bio-channels, testing drugs, and biomedical devices. But, crafting multi-sized, editable bio-channels with specific curvatures, particularly using natural polymer-based bio-inks, poses a significant challenge. To address this, this study introduces a temperature-driven indirect printing method, exemplified by the diploic vein. Here, K-carrageenan (kca)-silk fiber (SF)-hyaluronic acid (HA)/hFOB 1.19 (SV40 transfection of human osteoblasts) and kca-collagen-HA/HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) are employed to fabricate vascular-like walls and lumens, utilizing their thermoreversible properties to create multi-stage bifurcated lumens. Precise spatial curvature was generated by heating the vascular network wrapped in poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAm)-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). Since temperature is specific to the thermal material carrying the cells, the rheological properties of bioinks, modeling temperature parameters, and their impact on printing size was explored. Additionally, mechanical properties and curvature response were characterized to determine the necessary process parameters for achieving the desired size. Ultimately, in vitro bioprinting experiments involving HUVECs and hFOB 1.19 demonstrate cell viability, adhesion, proliferation, and migration within the intraluminal hydrogel scaffold. This approach allows for customizing bio-channel content and controlling curvature programming, providing new prospects for in vitro biochannel production, with potential benefits for pathology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Xiaofei Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Shuxian Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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21
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Quílez-Bermejo J, Pérez-Rodríguez S, Torres D, Canevesi R, Morallón E, Cazorla-Amorós D, Celzard A, Fierro V. Nitrogen sites prevail over textural properties in N-doped carbons for the oxygen reduction reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:446-453. [PMID: 37857097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon-based electrodes are among the most promising alternatives to platinum-based electrodes in the cathode of fuel cells and metal-air batteries, where the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) takes place. Among the approaches for improving ORR activity, nitrogen functionalities and well-developed textural properties have proved very effective. Nonetheless, the question of which between nitrogen active sites or textural properties are more crucial in N-doped carbon materials remains unanswered. This work proposes a comparative and critical approach through the selective functionalization of four commercial activated carbons with different textural properties. This study highlights the greater importance of N-doping in relation to the textural properties of carbon materials, and provides fundamental insights for conclusively addressing the ongoing debate within the carbon community about the significance of these two factors in the context of ORR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Quílez-Bermejo
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France; Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080, Spain.
| | - Sara Pérez-Rodríguez
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France
| | - Daniel Torres
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France
| | - Rafael Canevesi
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France
| | - Emilia Morallón
- Departamento de Química Física and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Diego Cazorla-Amorós
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, 03080, Spain
| | - Alain Celzard
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Fierro
- Université de Lorraine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Jean Lamour (IJL), F-88000 Épinal, France.
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22
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Abstract
Although they are emerging technologies for achieving high-efficiency and green and eco-friendly energy conversion, ceramic electrochemical cells (CECs), i.e. solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) and fuel cells (SOFCs), are still fundamentally limited by their inferior catalytic activities at low temperature, poor thermo-mechanical stability, high material cost, etc. The materials used in electrolytes and electrodes, which are the most important components in CECs, are highly associated with the cell performances. Therefore, rational design of electrolytes and electrodes with excellent catalytic activities and high stabilities at relatively low cost is a meaningful and valuable approach for the development of CECs. Nanotechnology is a powerful tool for improving the material performances in CECs owing to the favourable effects induced by the nanocrystallization of electrolytes and electrodes. Herein, a relatively comprehensive review on the nanotechnologies implemented in CECs is conducted. The working principles of CECs and the corresponding challenges were first presented, followed by the comprehensive insights into the working mechanisms of nanocrystalline materials in CECs. Then, systematic summarization and analyses of the commonly used nano-engineering strategies in the fabrication of CEC materials, including physical and chemical methods, were provided. In addition, the frontiers in the research of advanced electrolyte and electrode materials were discussed with a special emphasis on the modified electrochemical properties derived from nanotechnologies. Finally, the bottlenecks and the promising breakthroughs in nanotechnologies were highlighted in the direction of providing useful references for rational design of nanomaterials for CECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Cao
- School of Microelectronics and Data Science, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, Anhui, China.
| | - Yuexia Ji
- School of Microelectronics and Data Science, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, Anhui, China.
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
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23
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Qiao Y, Luo M, Cai L, Kao CW, Lan J, Meng L, Lu YR, Peng M, Ma C, Tan Y. Constructing Nanoporous Ir/Ta 2 O 5 Interfaces on Metallic Glass for Durable Acidic Water Oxidation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305479. [PMID: 37658510 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Although proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) are considered as a promising technique for green hydrogen production, it remains crucial to develop intrinsically effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts with high activity and durability. Here, a flexible self-supporting electrode with nanoporous Ir/Ta2O5 electroactive surface is reported for acidic OER via dealloying IrTaCoB metallic glass ribbons. The catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic OER performance with an overpotential of 218 mV for a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a small Tafel slope of 46.1 mV dec-1 in acidic media, superior to most electrocatalysts. More impressively, the assembled PEMWE with nanoporous Ir/Ta2 O5 as an anode shows exceptional performance of electrocatalytic hydrogen production and can operate steadily for 260 h at 100 mA cm-2 . In situ spectroscopy characterizations and density functional theory calculations reveal that the modest adsorption of OOH* intermediates to active Ir sites lower the OER energy barrier, while the electron donation behavior of Ta2 O5 to stabilize the high-valence states of Ir during the OER process extended catalyst's durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Qiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Min Luo
- Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics & Information, Shanghai, 201411, China
| | - Lebin Cai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Kao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300092, Taiwan
| | - Jiao Lan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Linghu Meng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ying-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 300092, Taiwan
| | - Ming Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Yongwen Tan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
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24
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Chai L, Song J, Kumar A, Miao R, Sun Y, Liu X, Yasin G, Li X, Pan J. Bimetallic-MOF Derived Carbon with Single Pt Anchored C4 Atomic Group Constructing Super Fuel Cell with Ultrahigh Power Density And Self-Change Ability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308989. [PMID: 37966064 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Pursuing high power density with low platinum catalysts loading is a huge challenge for developing high-performance fuel cells (FCs). Herein, a new super fuel cell (SFC) is proposed with ultrahigh output power via specific electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) + oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) parallel discharge, which is achieved using the newly prepared catalyst, single-atomic platinum on bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived hollow porous carbon nanorods (PtSA /HPCNR). The PtSA-1.74 /HPCNR-based SFC has a 3.4-time higher transient specific power density and 13.3-time longer discharge time with unique in situ self-charge and energy storage ability than 20% Pt/C-based FCs. X-ray absorption fine structure, aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope, and density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the synergistic effect of Pt single-atoms anchored on carbon defects significantly boosts its electron transfer, ORR catalytic activity, durability, and rate performance, realizing rapid " ORR+EDLC" parallel discharge mechanism to overcome the sluggish ORR process of traditional FCs. The promising SFC leads to a new pathway to boost the power density of FCs with extra-low Pt loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinlu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Anuj Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Nano-Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, India
| | - Rui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanzhi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xifei Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710048, China
| | - Junqing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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25
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Meyer Q, Yang C, Cheng Y, Zhao C. Overcoming the Electrode Challenges of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00180-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are becoming a major part of a greener and more sustainable future. However, the costs of high-purity hydrogen and noble metal catalysts alongside the complexity of the PEMFC system severely hamper their commercialization. Operating PEMFCs at high temperatures (HT-PEMFCs, above 120 °C) brings several advantages, such as increased tolerance to contaminants, more affordable catalysts, and operations without liquid water, hence considerably simplifying the system. While recent progresses in proton exchange membranes for HT-PEMFCs have made this technology more viable, the HT-PEMFC viscous acid electrolyte lowers the active site utilization by unevenly diffusing into the catalyst layer while it acutely poisons the catalytic sites. In recent years, the synthesis of platinum group metal (PGM) and PGM-free catalysts with higher acid tolerance and phosphate-promoted oxygen reduction reaction, in conjunction with the design of catalyst layers with improved acid distribution and more triple-phase boundaries, has provided great opportunities for more efficient HT-PEMFCs. The progress in these two interconnected fields is reviewed here, with recommendations for the most promising routes worthy of further investigation. Using these approaches, the performance and durability of HT-PEMFCs will be significantly improved.
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26
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Zhang D, Zhang K, Xie Z, Xu B, Hou M, Lei Y, Watanabe T, Yang B, Liang F. Intrinsic Properties Affecting the Catalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction of Nanostructured Transition Metal Nitrides as Catalysts for Hybrid Na-Air Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7469. [PMID: 38068213 PMCID: PMC10707049 DOI: 10.3390/ma16237469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructured transition metal nitrides (TMNs) have been considered as a promising substitute for precious metal catalysts toward ORR due to their multi-electron orbitals, metallic properties, and low cost. To design TMN catalysts with high catalytic activity toward ORR, the intrinsic features of the influencing factor on the catalytic activity toward ORR of nanostructured TMNs need to be investigated. In this paper, titanium nitride (TiN), zirconium nitride (ZrN), and hafnium nitride (HfN) nanoparticles (NPs) are highly efficient and synthesized in one step by the direct current arc plasma. TiN, ZrN, and HfN NPs with an oxidation layer are applied as the catalysts of hybrid sodium-air batteries (HSABs). The effect of the composition and structural attributes of TMNs on ORR catalysis is defined as follows: (i) composition effect. With the increase in the oxygen content, the catalytic ORR capability of TMNs decreases progressively due to the reduction in oxygen adsorption capacity; (ii) structure effect. The redistribution of the density of states (DOS) of ZrN indicates higher ORR activity than TiN and HfN. HSABs with ZrN exhibit an excellent cyclic stability up to 137 cycles (about 140 h), an outstanding rate performance, and a specific capacity of 2817 mAh·g-1 at 1.0 mA·cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Kaiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Zhipeng Xie
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Minjie Hou
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Institute of Physics & IMN MacroNano (ZIK), Technical University of Ilmenau, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany;
| | - Takayuki Watanabe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Key Laboratory for Nonferrous Vacuum Metallurgy of Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; (D.Z.); (K.Z.); (Z.X.); (B.X.); (M.H.); (B.Y.)
- National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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27
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Wu H, Yin J, Feng X. Boosting Phosphoric Acid Retention in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes by Zwitterions: Insights from DFT Calculations and MD Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 38032234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Effective retention of phosphoric acid (PA) is crucial for the efficient operation of fuel cells based on PA-doped polymeric membranes, which is highly challenging due to the moisture-induced loss of PA. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the interplay among PA, functional groups, and water is essential for designing membrane materials. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we unveil the remarkable capability of zwitterions to effectively sequester PA, thereby unlocking the potential for fuel cell optimization. Our DFT calculations show that zwitterions, termed "charged proton-accepting bases", exhibit stronger interactions with PA compared to the traditional neutral proton-accepting bases. Furthermore, the presence of water amplifies such a discrepancy, with the zwitterion-PA interactions playing a dominant role in the zwitterion-PA-water cluster due to the strongest affinity of zwitterions to PA. Conversely, the ability of neutral bases to retain PA is significantly attenuated by moisture as the interactions between water and PA surpass those between neutral bases and PA. The strong zwitterion-PA associations arise primarily from the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, MD simulations reveal the uniform distribution of zwitterions in aqueous environments and their pronounced affinities for both PA and water. In contrast, neutral bases tend to aggregate, interacting limitedly with PA. These findings underscore the effectiveness of zwitterions in boosting PA retention in fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, and College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiabin Yin
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xunda Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, and College of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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28
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Lin F, Li M, Zeng L, Luo M, Guo S. Intermetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel-Cells-Based Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12507-12593. [PMID: 37910391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis underpins the renewable electrochemical conversions for sustainability, which further replies on metallic nanocrystals as vital electrocatalysts. Intermetallic nanocrystals have been known to show distinct properties compared to their disordered counterparts, and been long explored for functional improvements. Tremendous progresses have been made in the past few years, with notable trend of more precise engineering down to an atomic level and the investigation transferring into more practical membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which motivates this timely review. After addressing the basic thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals, we discuss classic and latest synthetic strategies that enable not only the formation of intermetallic phase but also the rational control of other catalysis-determinant structural parameters, such as size and morphology. We also demonstrate the emerging intermetallic nanomaterials for potentially further advancement in energy electrocatalysis. Then, we discuss the state-of-the-art characterizations and representative intermetallic electrocatalysts with emphasis on oxygen reduction reaction evaluated in a MEA setup. We summarize this review by laying out existing challenges and offering perspective on future research directions toward practicing intermetallic electrocatalysts for energy conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingyou Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Zhou T, Gui C, Sun L, Hu Y, Lyu H, Wang Z, Song Z, Yu G. Energy Applications of Ionic Liquids: Recent Developments and Future Prospects. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12170-12253. [PMID: 37879045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) consisting entirely of ions exhibit many fascinating and tunable properties, making them promising functional materials for a large number of energy-related applications. For example, ILs have been employed as electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion, as heat transfer fluids and phase-change materials for thermal energy transfer and storage, as solvents and/or catalysts for CO2 capture, CO2 conversion, biomass treatment and biofuel extraction, and as high-energy propellants for aerospace applications. This paper provides an extensive overview on the various energy applications of ILs and offers some thinking and viewpoints on the current challenges and emerging opportunities in each area. The basic fundamentals (structures and properties) of ILs are first introduced. Then, motivations and successful applications of ILs in the energy field are concisely outlined. Later, a detailed review of recent representative works in each area is provided. For each application, the role of ILs and their associated benefits are elaborated. Research trends and insights into the selection of ILs to achieve improved performance are analyzed as well. Challenges and future opportunities are pointed out before the paper is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhou
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
- HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518048, China
| | - Chengmin Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Longgang Sun
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department for Process Systems Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstr. 1, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Gangqiang Yu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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30
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Song J, Zhao W, Zhou L, Meng H, Wang H, Guan P, Li M, Zou Y, Feng W, Zhang M, Zhu L, He P, Liu F, Zhang Y. Rational Materials and Structure Design for Improving the Performance and Durability of High Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes (HT-PEMs). ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303969. [PMID: 37653601 PMCID: PMC10602569 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen energy as the next-generation clean energy carrier has attracted the attention of both academic and industrial fields. A key limit in the current stage is the operation temperature of hydrogen fuel cells, which lies in the slow development of high-temperature and high-efficiency proton exchange membranes. Currently, much research effort has been devoted to this field, and very innovative material systems have been developed. The authors think it is the right time to make a short summary of the high-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs), the fundamentals, and developments, which can help the researchers to clearly and efficiently gain the key information. In this paper, the development of key materials and optimization strategies, the degradation mechanism and possible solutions, and the most common morphology characterization techniques as well as correlations between morphology and overall properties have been systematically summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Wutong Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Libo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Meng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Shanghai Maxim Fuel Cell Technology CompanyShanghai201401P. R. China
| | - Panpan Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Yecheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials CompanyZiboShandong256401P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorinated Functional Membrane Materials and Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy Materials CompanyZiboShandong256401P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Ping He
- Shanghai Maxim Fuel Cell Technology CompanyShanghai201401P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesCenter of Hydrogen ScienceShanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation & Thermal AgingShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240P. R. China
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31
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Seselj N, Alfaro SM, Bompolaki E, Cleemann LN, Torres T, Azizi K. Catalyst Development for High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC) Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302207. [PMID: 37151102 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A constant increase in global emission standard is causing fuel cell (FC) technology to gain importance. Over the last two decades, a great deal of research has been focused on developing more active catalysts to boost the performance of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC), as well as their durability. Due to material degradation at high-temperature conditions, catalyst design becomes challenging. Two main approaches are suggested: (i) alloying platinum (Pt) with low-cost transition metals to reduce Pt usage, and (ii) developing novel catalyst support that anchor metal particles more efficiently while inhibiting corrosion phenomena. In this comprehensive review, the most recent platinum group metal (PGM) and platinum group metal free (PGM-free) catalyst development is detailed, as well as the development of alternative carbon (C) supports for HT-PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nedjeljko Seselj
- Blue World Technologies, Egeskovvej 6C, Kvistgaard, 3490, Denmark
| | - Silvia M Alfaro
- Blue World Technologies, Egeskovvej 6C, Kvistgaard, 3490, Denmark
| | | | - Lars N Cleemann
- Blue World Technologies, Egeskovvej 6C, Kvistgaard, 3490, Denmark
| | - Tomas Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday, 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Kobra Azizi
- Blue World Technologies, Egeskovvej 6C, Kvistgaard, 3490, Denmark
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Yan T, Chen X, Kumari L, Lin J, Li M, Fan Q, Chi H, Meyer TJ, Zhang S, Ma X. Multiscale CO 2 Electrocatalysis to C 2+ Products: Reaction Mechanisms, Catalyst Design, and Device Fabrication. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10530-10583. [PMID: 37589482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis of value-added chemicals, directly from CO2, could foster achievement of carbon neutral through an alternative electrical approach to the energy-intensive thermochemical industry for carbon utilization. Progress in this area, based on electrogeneration of multicarbon products through CO2 electroreduction, however, lags far behind that for C1 products. Reaction routes are complicated and kinetics are slow with scale up to the high levels required for commercialization, posing significant problems. In this review, we identify and summarize state-of-art progress in multicarbon synthesis with a multiscale perspective and discuss current hurdles to be resolved for multicarbon generation from CO2 reduction including atomistic mechanisms, nanoscale electrocatalysts, microscale electrodes, and macroscale electrolyzers with guidelines for future research. The review ends with a cross-scale perspective that links discrepancies between different approaches with extensions to performance and stability issues that arise from extensions to an industrial environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Yan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lata Kumari
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianlong Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Minglu Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qun Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haoyuan Chi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xinbin Ma
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
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Guo Y, Wei J, Ying Y, Liu Y, Zhou W, Yu Q. Recent Progress of Crystalline Porous Frameworks for Intermediate-Temperature Proton Conduction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11166-11187. [PMID: 37533296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes (PEMs), especially for work under intermediate temperatures (100-200 °C), have attracted great interest because of the high CO toleration and facial water management of the corresponding proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Traditional polymer PEMs faced challenges of low stability and proton carrier leaking. Crystalline porous materials, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), are promising to overcome these issues contributed by nanometer-sized channels. Herein we summarized the recent development of MOF/COF-based intermediate-temperature proton conductors. The strategies of framework engineering and pore impregnation were introduced in detail for raising proton conductivity. The proton-conducting mechanism was described as well. This spotlight will provide new insight into the fabrication of MOF/COF proton conductors under intermediate-temperature and anhydrous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Wei
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhou
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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34
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Sunda AP, Singh S, Yadav S, Singh RK. Atomistic Simulations of Hydrated Sulfonated Polybenzophenone Block Copolymer Membranes. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300104. [PMID: 37260415 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a classical molecular dynamics simulations study on the nanostructures of the sulfonated polybenzophenone (SPK) block copolymer membranes at 300 K and 353 K. The results of the radial distribution function (RDF) show that the interactions of the sulfonate groups of the membrane with the hydronium ions are more significant than those of water due to the strong electrostatic attraction over the hydrogen bonding. However, the effect of temperatures on the RDF profile seems insignificant. Furthermore, the spatial distribution function (SDF) portrays that the sulfonate groups of the hydrophilic components are preferential binding sites for hydronium ions against the hydrophobic counterpart of the SPK membrane. The mobility of the H3 O+ ions at 300 K and 353 K is two (or three) times lower than that of Nafion/Aciplex. However, the diffusion coefficients for water molecules closely agree with Nafion/Aciplex. This study suggests that water clusters are more localized around the sulfonate groups in the SPK membranes. Thus, the molecular modeling study of SPK block copolymer membranes is warranted to design better-performing membrane electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Prakash Sunda
- Department of Chemistry, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, India
| | - Soni Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Jagdam College, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, 841301, Bihar, India
| | - Sonia Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, 121006, India
| | - Raman K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Jagdam College, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, 841301, Bihar, India
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35
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Wang L, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Zhang R, Li J, Liu B, Lv Z, Cai W, Sun S, Hu W, Lu Y, Zhu G. PAF-6 Doped with Phosphoric Acid through Alkaline Nitrogen Atoms Boosting High-Temperature Proton-Exchange Membranes for High Performance of Fuel Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303535. [PMID: 37358077 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) can offer improved energy efficiency and tolerance to fuel/air impurities. The high expense of the high-temperature proton-exchange membranes (HT-PEMs) and their low durability at high temperature still impede their further practical applications. In this work, a phosphoric acid (PA)-doped porous aromatic framework (PAF-6-PA) is incorporated into poly[2,2'-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5'-benzimidazole] (OPBI) to fabricate novel PAF-6-PA/OPBI composite HT-PEMs through solution-casting. The alkaline nitrogen structure in PAF-6 can be protonated with PA to provide proton hopping sites, and its porous structure can enhance the PA retention in the membranes, thus creating fast pathways for proton transfer. The hydrogen bond interaction between the rigid PAF-6 and OPBI can also enhance the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the composite membranes. Consequently, PAF-6-PA/OPBI exhibits an optimal proton conductivity of 0.089 S cm-1 at 200 °C, and peak power density of 437.7 mW cm-2 (Pt: 0.3 mg cm-2 ), which is significantly higher than that of the OPBI. The PAF-6-PA/OPBI provides a novel strategy for the practical application of PBI-based HT-PEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhangnan Li
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Tianyang Li
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ruyu Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Baijun Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Lv
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- National Institute of Scientific Research (INRS) Center Energy Material and Telecommunications, Varennes, Quebec, J3×1P7, Canada
| | - Wei Hu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Guangshan Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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Chen G, Lu R, Li C, Yu J, Li X, Ni L, Zhang Q, Zhu G, Liu S, Zhang J, Kramm UI, Zhao Y, Wu G, Xie J, Feng X. Hierarchically Porous Carbons with Highly Curved Surfaces for Hosting Single Metal FeN 4 Sites as Outstanding Oxygen Reduction Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300907. [PMID: 37132284 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Iron-nitrogen-carbon (FeNC) materials have emerged as a promising alternative to platinum-group metals for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. However, their low intrinsic activity and stability are major impediments. Herein, an FeN-C electrocatalyst with dense FeN4 sites on hierarchically porous carbons with highly curved surfaces (denoted as FeN4 -hcC) is reported. The FeN4 -hcC catalyst displays exceptional ORR activity in acidic media, with a high half-wave potential of 0.85 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode) in 0.5 m H2 SO4 . When integrated into a membrane electrode assembly, the corresponding cathode displays a high maximum peak power density of 0.592 W cm-2 and demonstrates operating durability over 30 000 cycles under harsh H2 /air conditions, outperforming previously reported Fe-NC electrocatalysts. These experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the curved carbon support fine-tunes the local coordination environment, lowers the energies of the Fe d-band centers, and inhibits the adsorption of oxygenated species, which can enhance the ORR activity and stability. This work provides new insight into the carbon nanostructure-activity correlation for ORR catalysis. It also offers a new approach to designing advanced single-metal-site catalysts for energy-conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Chen
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ruihu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Chenzhao Li
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafyette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jianmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lingmei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl Insitute of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Guangqi Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Jiaxu Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike I Kramm
- Department of Chemistry, Eduard-Zintl Insitute of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, D-64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed) and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Synthetic Materials and Functional Devices, Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Dong C, Wang X, Zhu Z, Zhan C, Lin X, Bu L, Ye J, Wang Y, Liu W, Huang X. Highly Selective Synthesis of Monoclinic-Phased Platinum-Tellurium Nanotrepang for Direct Formic Acid Oxidation Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37429024 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Designing efficient formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) catalysts with remarkable membrane electrode assembly (MEA) performance in a direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) medium is significant yet challenging. Herein, we report that the monoclinic-phased platinum-tellurium nanotrepang (m-PtTe NT) can be adopted as a highly active, selective, and stable FAOR catalyst with a desirable direct reaction pathway. The m-PtTe NT exhibits the high specific and mass activities of 6.78 mA cm-2 and 3.2 A mgPt-1, respectively, which are 35.7/22.9, 2.8/2.6, and 3.9/2.9 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C, rhombohedral-phased Pt2Te3 NT (r-Pt2Te3 NT), and trigonal-phased PtTe2 NT (t-PtTe2 NT), respectively. Simultaneously, the highest reaction tendency for the direct FAOR pathway and the best tolerance to poisonous CO intermediate can also be realized by m-PtTe NT. More importantly, even in a single-cell medium, the m-PtTe NT can display a much higher MEA power density (171.4 mW cm-2) and stability (53.2% voltage loss after 5660 s) than those of commercial Pt/C, demonstrating the great potential in operating DFAFC device. The in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy jointly demonstrate that the unique nanostructure of m-PtTe NT can effectively optimize dehydrogenation steps and inhibit the CO intermediate adsorption, as well as promote the oxidation of noxious CO intermediate, thus achieving the great improvement of FAOR activity, poisoning tolerance, and stability. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the direct pathway is the most favorable on m-PtTe NT than r-Pt2Te3 NT and t-PtTe2 NT. The higher activation energy to produce CO and the relatively weaker binding with CO of m-PtTe NT result in the better CO tolerance. This work achieves remarkable FAOR and MEA performances of advanced Pt-based anodic catalysts for DFAFCs via a phase engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xinyao Wang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Changhong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xin Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingzheng Bu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jinyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Ebrahimi M, Fatyeyeva K, Kujawski W. Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications-Recent Advancements. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:593. [PMID: 37367797 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of ionic liquid-based membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications increases significantly due to the major features of ionic liquids (i.e., high thermal stability and ion conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability). In general, there are three major methods to introduce ionic liquids into the polymer membrane, such as incorporating ionic liquid into a polymer solution, impregnating the polymer with ionic liquid, and cross-linking. The incorporation of ionic liquids into a polymer solution is the most common method, owing to easy operation of process and quick membrane formation. However, the prepared composite membranes suffer from a reduction in mechanical stability and ionic liquid leakage. While mechanical stability may be enhanced by the membrane's impregnation with ionic liquid, ionic liquid leaching is still the main drawback of this method. The presence of covalent bonds between ionic liquids and polymer chains during the cross-linking reaction can decrease the ionic liquid release. Cross-linked membranes reveal more stable proton conductivity, although a decrease in ionic mobility can be noticed. In the present work, the main approaches for ionic liquid introduction into the polymer film are presented in detail, and the recently obtained results (2019-2023) are discussed in correlation with the composite membrane structure. In addition, some promising new methods (i.e., layer-by-layer self-assembly, vacuum-assisted flocculation, spin coating, and freeze drying) are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimi
- Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), INSA Rouen Normandie, University Rouen Normandie, UMR 6270 CNRS, 76000 Rouen, France
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Kateryna Fatyeyeva
- Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), INSA Rouen Normandie, University Rouen Normandie, UMR 6270 CNRS, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Wojciech Kujawski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Chandra Kishore S, Perumal S, Atchudan R, Alagan M, Wadaan MA, Baabbad A, Manoj D. Recent Advanced Synthesis Strategies for the Nanomaterial-Modified Proton Exchange Membrane in Fuel Cells. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:590. [PMID: 37367794 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen energy is converted to electricity through fuel cells, aided by nanostructured materials. Fuel cell technology is a promising method for utilizing energy sources, ensuring sustainability, and protecting the environment. However, it still faces drawbacks such as high cost, operability, and durability issues. Nanomaterials can address these drawbacks by enhancing catalysts, electrodes, and fuel cell membranes, which play a crucial role in separating hydrogen into protons and electrons. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have gained significant attention in scientific research. The primary objectives are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the automotive industry, and develop cost-effective methods and materials to enhance PEMFC efficiency. We provide a typical yet inclusive review of various types of proton-conducting membranes. In this review article, special focus is given to the distinctive nature of nanomaterial-filled proton-conducting membranes and their essential characteristics, including their structural, dielectric, proton transport, and thermal properties. We provide an overview of the various reported nanomaterials, such as metal oxide, carbon, and polymeric nanomaterials. Additionally, the synthesis methods in situ polymerization, solution casting, electrospinning, and layer-by-layer assembly for proton-conducting membrane preparation were analyzed. In conclusion, the way to implement the desired energy conversion application, such as a fuel cell, using a nanostructured proton-conducting membrane has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somasundaram Chandra Kishore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suguna Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, Seoul 143747, Republic of Korea
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthulakshmi Alagan
- Center for Environmental Management Laboratory, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chennai 600113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohannad Baabbad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Devaraj Manoj
- Department of Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Material Chemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
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40
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Xie Y, Liu D, Ringuette A, Théato P. Branched Poly(arylene ether ketone sulfone)s with Ultradensely Sulfonated Branched Centers for Proton Exchange Membranes: Effect of the Positions of the Sulfonic Acid Groups. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:24517-24527. [PMID: 37186810 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Branched sulfonated polymers present considerable potential for application as proton exchange membranes, yet investigation of branched polymers containing sulfonated branched centers remains to be advanced. Herein, we report a series of polymers with ultradensely sulfonated branched centers, namely, B-x-SPAEKS, where x represents the degree of branching. In comparison with the analogous polymers bearing sulfonated branched arms, B-x-SPAEKS showed a reduced water affinity, resulting in less swelling and lower proton conductivity. The water uptake, swelling ratio (in-plane), and proton conductivity of B-10-SPAEKS at 80 °C were 52.2%, 57.7%, and 23.6% lower than their counterparts, respectively. However, further analysis revealed that B-x-SPAEKS featured significantly better proton conduction under the same water content due to the formation of larger hydrophilic clusters (∼10 nm) that promoted efficient proton transportation. B-12.5-SPAEKS exhibited a proton conductivity of 138.8 mS cm-1 and a swelling ratio (in-plane) of only 11.6% at 80 °C, both of which were superior to Nafion 117. In addition, a decent single-cell performance of B-12.5-SPAEKS was also achieved. Consequently, the decoration of sulfonic acid groups on the branched centers represents a very promising strategy, enabling outstanding proton conductivity and dimensional stability simultaneously even with low water content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Xie
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Di Liu
- Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P. R. China
| | - Anna Ringuette
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Patrick Théato
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstrasse 18, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory, Institute for Biological Interfaces 3, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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41
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Chen MT, Huang ZX, Ye X, Zhang L, Feng JJ, Wang AJ. Caffeine derived graphene-wrapped Fe 3C nanoparticles entrapped in hierarchically porous FeNC nanosheets for boosting oxygen reduction reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:216-224. [PMID: 36701867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It is a vital requirement to explore high-efficiency and stable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to further relieve energy depletion. However, it is a critical challenge to develop low cost and high-quality carbon-based catalysts. Herein, a caffeine chelation-triggered pyrolysis approach was developed to construct graphene-wrapped Fe3C nanoparticles incorporated in hierarchically porous FeNC nanosheets (G-Fe3C/FeNC). The present Fe salt and its content as well as the pyrolysis temperature were carefully investigated in the control groups. The G-Fe3C/FeNC catalyst showed a more positive onset potential (Eonset = 1.09 V) and half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) in a 0.1 M KOH solution, which outperformed commercial Pt/C (E1/2 = 0.83 V, Eonset = 0.95 V), showing the excellent catalytic performance for the ORR activity, coupled with remarkable stability (only 0.18 mV negative shift in E1/2 after 2000 cycles). This work provides some valuable insights for developing advanced electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Chen
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zheng-Xiong Huang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xin Ye
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiu-Ju Feng
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- Key laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
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42
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Sun X, Guan J, Wang X, Li X, Zheng J, Li S, Zhang S. Phosphonated Ionomers of Intrinsic Microporosity with Partially Ordered Structure for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:733-741. [PMID: 37122458 PMCID: PMC10141605 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High mass transport resistance within the catalyst layer is one of the major factors restricting the performance and low Pt loadings of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To resolve the issue, a novel partially ordered phosphonated ionomer (PIM-P) with both an intrinsic microporous structure and proton-conductive functionality was designed as the catalyst binder to improve the mass transport of electrodes. The rigid and contorted structure of PIM-P limits the free movement of the conformation and the efficient packing of polymer chains, resulting in the formation of a robust gas transmission channel. The phosphonated groups provide sites for stable proton conduction. In particular, by incorporating fluorinated and phosphonated groups strategically on the local side chains, an orderly stacking of molecular chains based on group assembly contributes to the construction of efficient mass transport pathways. The peak power density of the membrane electrode assembly with the PIM-P ionomer is 18-379% greater than that of those with commercial or porous catalyst binders at 160 °C under an H2/O2 condition. This study emphasizes the crucial role of ordered structure in the rapid conduction of polymers with intrinsic microporosity and provides a new idea for increasing mass transport at electrodes from the perspective of structural design instead of complex processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jiayu Guan
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- E-mail:
| | - Shenghai Li
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Suobo Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University
of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- E-mail:
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43
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Liu F, Fan Z. Defect engineering of two-dimensional materials for advanced energy conversion and storage. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1723-1772. [PMID: 36779475 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00931e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
In the global trend towards carbon neutrality, sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies are of vital significance to tackle the energy crisis and climate change. However, traditional electrode materials gradually reach their property limits. Two-dimensional (2D) materials featuring large aspect ratios and tunable surface properties exhibit tremendous potential for improving the performance of energy conversion and storage devices. To rationally control the physical and chemical properties for specific applications, defect engineering of 2D materials has been investigated extensively, and is becoming a versatile strategy to promote the electrode reaction kinetics. Simultaneously, exploring the in-depth mechanisms underlying defect action in electrode reactions is crucial to provide profound insight into structure tailoring and property optimization. In this review, we highlight the cutting-edge advances in defect engineering in 2D materials as well as their considerable effects in energy-related applications. Moreover, the confronting challenges and promising directions are discussed for the development of advanced energy conversion and storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China. .,Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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44
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Effects of microstructure on the retention of proton conductivity of Nafion/SiO2 composite membranes at elevated temperatures:An in situ SAXS study. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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45
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Li T, Yang J, Chen Q, Zhang H, Wang P, Hu W, Liu B. Construction of Highly Conductive Cross-Linked Polybenzimidazole-Based Networks for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1932. [PMID: 36903047 PMCID: PMC10003937 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are of great interest to researchers in industry and academia because of their wide range of applications. This review lists some creative cross-linked polybenzimidazole-based membranes that have been prepared in recent years. Based on the investigation into their chemical structure, the properties of cross-linked polybenzimidazole-based membranes and the prospect of their future applications are discussed. The focus is on the construction of cross-linked structure of various types of polybenzimidazole-based membranes and their effect on proton conductivity. This review expresses the outlook and good expectation of the future direction of cross-linked polybenzimidazole membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Li
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of the Ministry of Education, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Baijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics of the Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymer, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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46
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Zhao Y, Lv B, Song W, Hao J, Zhang J, Shao Z. Influence of the PBI structure on PBI/CsH5(PO4)2 membrane performance for HT-PEMFC application. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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47
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Liao J, Zaman S, Wang Y, Yang M, Yang L, Chen M, Wang H. Improved Reversal Tolerant Properties of IrO X as an Anode Electrocatalyst in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4092-4100. [PMID: 36625719 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Voltage reversal is a severe issue in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), which can be overcome by adding oxygen evolution electrocatalysts (OER) based on iridium oxide (IrOX) to the anode catalyst layer. However, the crystal structure and antireversal properties of such anode materials have been rarely investigated. Herein, we report amorphous IrOX and explore the transformation of crystal structure under heat treatment to examine their antireversal performance in PEMFCs. It is found that heat treatment results in larger catalyst particles which consequences lower OER activity; however, it shows better voltage reverse tolerance (132.2 min). These investigations demonstrate that a balance is crucial between activity and durability in antireversal properties for PEMFCs. Physical characterizations reveal that improved stability and reversal tolerance is attributed to crystallinity and preferred orientation of IrOX crystals as well as existence of amorphous and crystalline IrOX. This work proposes a attempt to use the mixed phase IrOX in the antireversal anode catalyst and highlights the role of corresponding particle size and durability characteristics for the long-term durability of PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liao
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies (Southern University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Shahid Zaman
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yameng Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen518060, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Haijiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies (Southern University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Shenzhen518055, China
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48
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Li W, Xu C, Xiong T, Jiang Y, Ma W, Yu P, Mao L. Giant Water Uptake Enabled Ultrahigh Proton Conductivity of Graphdiyne Oxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216530. [PMID: 36458952 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Proton conductors have attracted great attention in various fields, especially in energy production. Here, we find that graphdiyne oxide (GDYO), derived from graphdiyne (GDY), features the highest proton conductivity of 0.54 S cm-1 (100 % RH, 348 K) among the oxidized carbon allotropes reported so far. The sp- and sp2 -co-hybridized carbon skeleton of GDY enables GDYO with the giant water uptake, which is 2.4 times larger than that of graphene oxide (GO), resulting in ultrahigh proton conductivity by increasing the proton concentration and proton conduction pathways. This ultrahigh proton conductivity of GDYO is further proved in a methanol fuel cell by using GDYO membrane as proton exchange membrane. The GDYO membrane enables the cell with higher open circuit voltage, larger power density and lower methanol permeability, compared with commercial Nafion 117. Moreover, the GDYO membrane bears high ion exchange capacity, good acidic stability and low swelling ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianyi Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Huang G, Li Y, Tao L, Huang Z, Kong Z, Xie C, Du S, Wang T, Wu Y, Liu Q, Zhang D, Lin J, Li M, Wang J, Zhang J, Lu S, Cheng Y, Wang S. Durable High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Enabled by the Working-Temperature-Matching Palladium-Hydrogen Buffer Layer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215177. [PMID: 36308282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The durability degradation during stack-operating conditions seriously deteriorates the lifetime and performance of the fuel cell. To alleviate the rapid potential rise and performance degradation, an anode design is proposed to match the working temperature of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) with the release temperature of hydrogen from palladium. The result is significantly enhanced hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity of Pd and superior performance of the Pd anode. Furthermore, Pd as hydrogen buffer and oxygen absorbent layer in the anode can provide additional in situ hydrogen and absorb infiltrated oxygen during local fuel starvation to maintain HOR and suppress reverse-current degradation. Compared with the traditional Pt/C anode, the Pd/C also greatly improved HT-PEMFCs durability during start-up/shut-down and current mutation. The storage/release of hydrogen provides innovative guidance for improving the durability of PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Li Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dongcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Miaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shanfu Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Song Y, Chen D, Jin Q, Chen J, Cao Y. Preparation of phosphotungstic acid hybrid proton exchange membranes by constructing proton transport channels for direct methanol fuel cells. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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