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Kuzderová G, Sovová S, Rendošová M, Gyepes R, Sabolová D, Kožárová I, Balážová Ľ, Vilková M, Kello M, Liška A, Vargová Z. Influence of proline and hydroxyproline as antimicrobial and anticancer peptide components on the silver(I) ion activity: structural and biological evaluation with a new theoretical and experimental SAR approach. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10834-10850. [PMID: 38661536 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00389f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Silver(I) complexes with proline and hydroxyproline were synthesized and structurally characterized and crystal structure analysis shows that the formulas of the compounds are {[Ag2(Pro)2(NO3)]NO3}n (AgPro) (Pro = L-proline) and {[Ag2(Hyp)2(NO3)]NO3}n (AgHyp) (Hyp = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline). Both complexes crystallize in the monoclinic lattice with space group P21 with a carboxylate bidentate-bridging coordination mode of the organic ligands Pro and Hyp (with NH2+ and COO- groups in zwitterionic form). Both complexes have a distorted seesaw (C2v) geometry around one silver(I) ion with τ4 values of 58% (AgPro) and 51% (AgHyp). Moreover, the results of spectral and thermal analyses correlate with the structural ones. 1H and 13C NMR spectra confirm the complexes species' presence in the DMSO biological testing medium and their stability in the time range of the bioassays. In addition, molar conductivity measurements indicate complexes' behaviour like 1 : 1 electrolytes. Both complexes showed higher or the same antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus as AgNO3 (MIC = 0.063 mM) and higher than silver(I) sulfadiazine (AgSD) (MIC > 0.5 mM) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition, complex AgPro exerted a strong cytotoxic effect against the tested MDA-MB-231 and Jurkat cancer cell lines (IC50 values equal to 3.7 and 3.0 μM, respectively) compared with AgNO3 (IC50 = 6.1 (5.7) μM) and even significantly higher selectivity than cisplatin (cisPt) against MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines (SI = 3.05 (AgPro); 1.16 (cisPt), SI - selectivity index). The binding constants and the number of binding sites (n) of AgPro and AgHyp complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were determined at four different temperatures, and the zeta potential of BSA in the presence of silver(I) complexes was also measured. The in ovo method shows the safety of the topical and intravenous application of AgPro and AgHyp. Moreover, the complexes' bioavailability was verified by lipophilicity evaluation from the experimental and theoretical points of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Kuzderová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Simona Sovová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Michaela Rendošová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Róbert Gyepes
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Danica Sabolová
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivona Kožárová
- Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ľudmila Balážová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Mária Vilková
- NMR laboratory, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J.Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Alan Liška
- Department of Molecular Electrochemistry and Catalysis, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, Dolejškova 3/2155, 182 23 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vargová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.J.Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 54 Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Stanković M, Skaro Bogojevic S, Kljun J, Milanović Ž, Stevanović NL, Lazic J, Vojnovic S, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Silver(I) complexes with voriconazole as promising anti-Candida agents. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 256:112572. [PMID: 38691971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Recognizing that metal ions play an important role in modifying the pharmacological properties of known organic-based drugs, the present manuscript addresses the complexation of the antifungal agent voriconazole (vcz) with the biologically relevant silver(I) ion as a strategy for the development of new antimycotics. The synthesized silver(I) complexes with vcz were characterized by mass spectrometry, IR, UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystallographic results showed that complexes {[Ag(vcz)(H2O)]CH3SO3}n (1), {[Ag(vcz)2]BF4}n (2) and {[Ag(vcz)2]PF6}n (3) have polymeric structures in the solid state, in which silver(I) ions have a distorted tetrahedral geometry. On the other hand, DFT calculations revealed that the investigated silver(I) complexes 1-3 in DMSO exist as linear [Ag(vcz-N2)(vcz-N19)]+ (1a), [Ag(vcz-N2)(vcz-N4)]+ (2a) and [Ag(vcz-N4)2]+ (3a) species, respectively. The evaluated complexes showed an enhanced anti-Candida activity compared to the parent drug with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 0.02-1.05 μM. In comparison with vcz, the corresponding silver(I) complexes showed better activity in prevention hyphae and biofilm formation of C. albicans, indicating that they could be considered as promising agents against Candida that significantly inhibit its virulence. Also, these complexes are much better inhibitors of ergosterol synthesis in the cell membrane of C. albicans at the concentration of 0.5 × MIC. This is also confirmed by a molecular docking, which revealed that complexes 1a - 3a showed better inhibitory activity than vcz against the sterol 14α-demethylase enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP51B), which plays a crucial role in the formation of ergosterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Stanković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sanja Skaro Bogojevic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jakob Kljun
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Žiko Milanović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Lj Stevanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Lazic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iztok Turel
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Miloš I Djuran
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Đ Glišić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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3
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Esarev IV, Karge B, Zeng H, Lippmann P, Jones PG, Schrey H, Brönstrup M, Ott I. Silver Organometallics that are Highly Potent Thioredoxin and Glutathione Reductase Inhibitors: Exploring the Correlations of Solution Chemistry with the Strong Antibacterial Effects. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1753-1766. [PMID: 38606463 PMCID: PMC11091889 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of silver species is well-established; however, their mechanism of action has not been adequately explored. Furthermore, issues of low-molecular silver compounds with cytotoxicity, stability, and solubility hamper their progress to drug leads. We have investigated silver N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) halido complexes [(NHC)AgX, X = Cl, Br, and I] as a promising new type of antibacterial silver organometallics. Spectroscopic studies and conductometry established a higher stability for the complexes with iodide ligands, and nephelometry indicated that the complexes could be administered in solutions with physiological chloride levels. The complexes showed a broad spectrum of strong activity against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. However, there was no significant activity against Gram-positive strains. Further studies clarified that tryptone and yeast extract, as components of the culture media, were responsible for this lack of activity. The reduction of biofilm formation and a strong inhibition of both glutathione and thioredoxin reductases with IC50 values in the nanomolar range were confirmed for selected compounds. In addition to their improved physicochemical properties, the compounds with iodide ligands did not display cytotoxic effects, unlike the other silver complexes. In summary, silver NHC complexes with iodide secondary ligands represent a useful scaffold for nontoxic silver organometallics with improved physicochemical properties and a distinct mechanism of action that is based on inhibition of thioredoxin and glutathione reductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Esarev
- Institute
of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Bianka Karge
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Haoxuan Zeng
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research GmbH and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig,
Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute
of Microbiology, Technische Universität
Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Lippmann
- Institute
of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Institute
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technische
Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hedda Schrey
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research GmbH and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover/Braunschweig,
Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute
of Microbiology, Technische Universität
Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department
of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute
of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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4
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Stanković M, Kljun J, Stevanović NL, Lazic J, Skaro Bogojevic S, Vojnovic S, Zlatar M, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Silver(I) complexes containing antifungal azoles: significant improvement of the anti- Candida potential of the azole drug after its coordination to the silver(I) ion. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2218-2230. [PMID: 38193719 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03010e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by the emergence of resistance to currently available antifungal therapy and by the great potential of metal complexes for the treatment of various diseases, we synthesized three new silver(I) complexes containing clinically used antifungal azoles as ligands, [Ag(ecz)2]SbF6 (1, ecz is econazole), {[Ag(vcz)2]SbF6}n (2, vcz is voriconazole), and [Ag(ctz)2]SbF6 (3, ctz is clotrimazole), and investigated their antimicrobial properties. The synthesized complexes were characterized by mass spectrometry, IR, UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the mononuclear complexes 1 and 3 with ecz and ctz, respectively, the silver(I) ion has the expected linear geometry, in which the azoles are monodentately coordinated to this metal center through the N3 imidazole nitrogen atom. In contrast, the vcz-containing complex 2 has a polymeric structure in the solid state in which the silver(I) ions are coordinated by four nitrogen atoms in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. DFT calculations were done to predict the most favorable structures of the studied complexes in DMSO solution. All the studied silver(I) complexes have shown excellent antifungal and good to moderate antibacterial activities with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the ranges of 0.01-27.1 and 2.61-47.9 μM on the selected panel of fungi and bacteria, respectively. Importantly, the complexes 1-3 have exhibited a significantly improved antifungal activity compared to the free azoles, with the most pronounced effect observed in the case of complex 2 compared to the parent vcz against Candida glabrata with an increase of activity by five orders of magnitude. Moreover, the silver(I)-azole complexes 2 and 3 significantly inhibited the formation of C. albicans hyphae and biofilms at the subinhibitory concentration of 50% MIC. To investigate the impact of the complex 3 more thoroughly on Candida pathogenesis, its effect on the adherence of C. albicans to A549 cells (human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial cells), as an initial step of the invasion of host cells, was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Stanković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jakob Kljun
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Nevena Lj Stevanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Lazic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Skaro Bogojevic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Matija Zlatar
- University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iztok Turel
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Miloš I Djuran
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Biljana Đ Glišić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Andrejević TP, Aleksic I, Kljun J, Počkaj M, Zlatar M, Vojnovic S, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Copper(ii) and silver(i) complexes with dimethyl 6-(pyrazine-2-yl)pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylate (py-2pz): the influence of the metal ion on the antimicrobial potential of the complex. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4376-4393. [PMID: 36744286 PMCID: PMC9890663 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07401j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl 6-(pyrazine-2-yl)pyridine-3,4-dicarboxylate (py-2pz) was used as a ligand for the synthesis of new copper(ii) and silver(i) complexes, [CuCl2(py-2pz)]2 (1), [Cu(CF3SO3)(H2O)(py-2pz)2]CF3SO3·2H2O (2), [Ag(py-2pz)2]PF6 (3) and {[Ag(NO3)(py-2pz)]·0.5H2O} n (4). The complexes were characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, while their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The X-ray analysis revealed the bidentate coordination mode of py-2pz to the corresponding metal ion via its pyridine and pyrazine nitrogen atoms in all complexes, while in polynuclear complex 4, the heterocyclic pyrazine ring of one py-2pz additionally behaves as a bridging ligand between two Ag(i) ions. DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the structures of the investigated complexes in solution. The antimicrobial potential of the complexes 1-4 was evaluated against two bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Candida (C. albicans and C. parapsilosis) species. Silver(i) complexes 3 and 4 have shown good antibacterial and antifungal properties with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4.9 to 39.0 μM (3.9-31.2 μg mL-1). All complexes inhibited the filamentation of C. albicans and hyphae formation, while silver(i) complexes 3 and 4 had also the ability to inhibit the biofilm formation process of this fungus. The binding affinity of the complexes 1-4 with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy to clarify the mode of their antimicrobial activity. Catechol oxidase biomimetic catalytic activity of copper(ii) complexes 1 and 2 was additionally investigated by using 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol (3,5-DTBC) and o-aminophenol (OAP) as substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina P Andrejević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac R. Domanovića 12 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Marta Počkaj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Matija Zlatar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy Njegoševa 12 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Sandra Vojnovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 444a 11042 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana Večna Pot 113 Ljubljana SI-1000 Slovenia
| | - Miloš I Djuran
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Knez Mihailova 35 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Biljana Đ Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac R. Domanovića 12 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
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Fan J, Jia F, Liu Y, Zhou X. Astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside IV alleviate inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271598. [PMID: 35877777 PMCID: PMC9312414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates cell renewal and repair and is closely associated with inflammation. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and astragaloside IV (AS-IV), which are the main active substances extracted from Radix Astragali, protect cells by regulating Wnt signaling in cells, exerting antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antistress effects. However, the mechanisms by which APS and AS-IV interact with Wnt signaling to achieve their therapeutic effects in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) are not understood. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMECs as an in vitro model of inflammation to investigate the effects of APS and AS-IV on Wnt signaling in inflamed BMECs. Drug concentrations were screened using the CCK-8 method, the effect on protein expression was analyzed using immunoblotting, the effect on inflammatory factors using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect on oxidative factors using enzyme labeling and flow cytometry. LPS activated the expression of inflammatory and oxidative factors in cells and inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling. APS and AS-IV antagonized the inhibitory effect of LPS, protecting BMECs. They inhibited the expression of the IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α inflammatory factors, and that of the MDA oxidative factor, and activated Wnt signaling in LPS-stimulated BMECs. Silencing of β-catenin abolished the protective effect of APS and AS-IV against LPS-stimulated BMECs. Thus, APS and AS-IV mediate protective effects in inflammatory BMECs model through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Wnt signaling pathway is one of the targets of the inhibitory effects of APS and AS-IV on inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Fang Jia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xuezhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- * E-mail:
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7
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Zinc(II) Complexes with Dimethyl 2,2′-Bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate: Structure, Antimicrobial Activity and DNA/BSA Binding Study. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10060071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two zinc(II) complexes with dimethyl 2,2′-bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate (py-2py) of the general formula [Zn(py-2py)X2], X = Cl− (1) and Br− (2) were synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complexes 1 and 2 are isostructural and adopt a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry with values of tetrahedral indices τ4 and τ’4 in the range of 0.80–0.85. The complexes were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against two bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal strains (Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis), while their cytotoxicity was tested on the normal human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) and the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Complex 1 showed moderate activity against both Candida strains. However, this complex was twofold more cytotoxic compared to complex 2. The complexes tested had no effect on the survival rate of C. elegans. Complex 2 showed the ability to inhibit filamentation of C. albicans, while complex 1 was more effective than complex 2 in inhibiting biofilm formation. The interactions of complexes 1 and 2 with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied to evaluate their binding affinity toward these biomolecules.
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8
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Muniyappan N, Advaya GR, Sujitha E, Sabiah S. Picolyl and benzyl functionalized biphenyl NHC carbenes and their silver complexes: Sigma donating and antimicrobial properties. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Improvement of the anti-Candida activity of itraconazole in the zebrafish infection model by its coordination to silver(I). J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Khan E. Pyridine Derivatives as Biologically Active Precursors; Organics and Selected Coordination Complexes. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202100332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezzat Khan
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Lower Dir Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir 32038 Bahrain
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11
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Ašanin DP, Skaro Bogojevic S, Perdih F, Andrejević TP, Milivojevic D, Aleksic I, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Glišić BĐ, Turel I, Djuran MI. Structural Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity and BSA/DNA Binding Affinity of New Silver(I) Complexes with Thianthrene and 1,8-Naphthyridine. Molecules 2021; 26:1871. [PMID: 33810316 PMCID: PMC8037121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new silver(I) complexes [Ag(NO3)(tia)(H2O)]n (Ag1), [Ag(CF3SO3)(1,8-naph)]n (Ag2) and [Ag2(1,8-naph)2(H2O)1.2](PF6)2 (Ag3), where tia is thianthrene and 1,8-naph is 1,8-naphthyridine, were synthesized and structurally characterized by different spectroscopic and electrochemical methods and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Their antimicrobial potential was evaluated against four bacterial and three Candida species, and the obtained results revealed that these complexes showed significant activity toward the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the investigated Candida species with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range 1.56-7.81 μg/mL. On the other hand, tia and 1,8-naph ligands were not active against the investigated strains, suggesting that their complexation with Ag(I) ion results in the formation of antimicrobial compounds. Moreover, low toxicity of the complexes was detected by in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans. The interaction of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied to evaluate their binding affinity towards these biomolecules for possible insights into the mode of antimicrobial activity. The binding affinity of Ag1-3 to BSA was higher than that for DNA, indicating that proteins could be more favorable binding sites for these complexes in comparison to the nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko P. Ašanin
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Sanja Skaro Bogojevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.S.B.); (D.M.); (I.A.)
| | - Franc Perdih
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tina P. Andrejević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Dusan Milivojevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.S.B.); (D.M.); (I.A.)
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.S.B.); (D.M.); (I.A.)
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.S.B.); (D.M.); (I.A.)
| | - Biljana Đ. Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Iztok Turel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Miloš I. Djuran
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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12
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Andrejević TP, Aleksic I, Počkaj M, Kljun J, Milivojevic D, Stevanović NL, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Tailoring copper(ii) complexes with pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate esters for anti-Candida activity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:2627-2638. [PMID: 33523054 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04061d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Five novel copper(ii) complexes with pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate esters as ligands, [Cu(NO3)(py-2tz)(H2O)3]NO3 (1), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2metz)(H2O)] (2), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2py)(H2O)]·H2O (3), [CuCl2(py-2tz)]2 (4) and [CuCl2(py-2metz)]n (5) (py-2tz is dimethyl 2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, py-2metz is dimethyl 2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate and py-2py is dimethyl 2,2'-bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate), were synthesized and structurally characterized by different spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. The structure of these complexes was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, confirming the bidentate coordination mode of the corresponding pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate ester to the Cu(ii) ion through the nitrogen atoms. The antimicrobial potential of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was assessed against two bacterial and two Candida species. These complexes showed better growth inhibiting activity against Candida spp. with respect to the tested bacterial species, also being moderately toxic towards normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). Complexes 1 and 4 showed the greatest ability to inhibit the filamentation of C. albicans, which is an important process during fungal infection, and these two complexes efficiently inhibited the biofilm formation of C. albicans at subinhibitory concentrations. Complex 4 also successfully prevented the adhesion of C. albicans in an in vitro epithelial cell model. The mechanism of the antifungal activity of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was studied through their interaction with ct-DNA, as one of the possible target biomolecules, by fluorescence spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis. Finally, the ability of these complexes to bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina P Andrejević
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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13
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Stevanović NL, Aleksic I, Kljun J, Skaro Bogojevic S, Veselinovic A, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Turel I, Djuran MI, Glišić BĐ. Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes with the Clinically Used Fluconazole: Comparison of Antifungal Activity and Therapeutic Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 14:24. [PMID: 33396681 PMCID: PMC7823955 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes with clinically used antifungal drug fluconazole (fcz), {[CuCl2(fcz)2].5H2O}n, 1, and {[ZnCl2(fcz)2]·2C2H5OH}n, 2, were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. The polymeric structure of the complexes comprises four fluconazole molecules monodentately coordinated via the triazole nitrogen and two chlorido ligands. With respect to fluconazole, complex 2 showed significantly higher antifungal activity against Candida krusei and Candida parapsilosis. All tested compounds reduced the total amount of ergosterol at subinhibitory concentrations, indicating that the mode of activity of fluconazole was retained within the complexes, which was corroborated via molecular docking with cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) as a target. Electrostatic, steric and internal energy interactions between the complexes and enzyme showed that 2 has higher binding potency to this target. Both complexes showed strong inhibition of C. albicans filamentation and biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations, with 2 being able to reduce the adherence of C. albicans to A549 cells in vitro. Complex 2 was able to reduce pyocyanin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa between 10% and 25% and to inhibit its biofilm formation by 20% in comparison to the untreated control. These results suggest that complex 2 may be further examined in the mixed Candida-P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Lj. Stevanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Aleksic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Sanja Skaro Bogojevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Aleksandar Veselinovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjica 81, 18108 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (S.S.B.)
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Miloš I. Djuran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Đ. Glišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, R. Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
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Synthesis, Spectroscopy, Light Stability, Single-Crystal Analysis, and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity on HepG2 Liver Cancer of Two Novel Silver(I) Complexes of Miconazole. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103629. [PMID: 32455548 PMCID: PMC7279231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel silver(I) complexes of the biologically active ligand miconazole in the form of Ag(MCZ)2X (MCZ = 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole]; X = NO3- (1), ClO4- (2)) were synthesized and fully characterized. The complexes were obtained by reactions of Ag(I) salts with miconazole (MCZ). Silver(I) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS spectrometry, and X-ray-crystallography. This work also presents a cytotoxicity study of the silver(I) complexes of miconazole and appropriate silver(I) salts using Balb/c 3T3 and HepG2 cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed based on four biochemical endpoints: lysosomal activity (neutral red uptake (NRU) assay), mitochondrial activity (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay), total protein content (TPC assay), and cellular membrane integrity (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay). The cancer HepG2 cells were more sensitive to the complexes tested, and the most affected endpoint was cellular membrane damage compared to Balb/c 3T3 fibroblasts. Moreover, study complexes inhibited the growth of cancer cells at submicromolecular concentrations (0.26-0.47 μM) lower than that required for the anticancer agent, cisplatin, in MTT, NRU, and TPC assays. Both complexes were characterized by higher toxicity to human cancer cells (HepG2) than silver(I) salts and the free ligand. Combination of Ag(I) salts with miconazole is associated with the marked improvement of cytotoxic activities that can be considered as the significant point in the construction of a new generation of antineoplastic agents.
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