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Harasym J, Dziendzikowska K, Kopiasz Ł, Wilczak J, Sapierzyński R, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Consumption of Feed Supplemented with Oat Beta-Glucan as a Chemopreventive Agent against Colon Cancerogenesis in Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:1125. [PMID: 38674816 PMCID: PMC11054053 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for 30% of all cancer cases worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. CRC develops over a long period of time, and in the early stages, pathological changes can be mitigated through nutritional interventions using bioactive plant compounds. Our study aims to determine the effect of highly purified oat beta-glucan on an animal CRC model. The study was performed on forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats with azoxymethane-induced early-stage CRC, which consumed feed containing 1% or 3% low molar mass oat beta-glucan (OBG) for 8 weeks. In the large intestine, morphological changes, CRC signaling pathway genes (RT-PCR), and proteins (Western blot, immunohistochemistry) expression were analyzed. Whole blood hematology and blood redox status were also performed. Results indicated that the histologically confirmed CRC condition led to a downregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, along with alterations in oncogenic and tumor suppressor gene expression. However, OBG significantly modulated these effects, with the 3% OBG showing a more pronounced impact. Furthermore, CRC rats exhibited elevated levels of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity in the blood, along with decreased white blood cell and lymphocyte counts. Consumption of OBG at any dose normalized these parameters. The minimal effect of OBG in the physiological intestine and the high activity in the pathological condition suggest that OBG is both safe and effective in early-stage CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Harasym
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dziendzikowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Łukasz Kopiasz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
| | - Jacek Wilczak
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Rafał Sapierzyński
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (K.D.); (J.G.-O.)
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Sun J, Chen Y, Wang T, Ali W, Ma Y, Yuan Y, Gu J, Bian J, Liu Z, Zou H. Baicalin and N-acetylcysteine regulate choline metabolism via TFAM to attenuate cadmium-induced liver fibrosis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155337. [PMID: 38241915 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
(Background): Cadmium is an environmental pollutant associated with several liver diseases. Baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine have antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. (Purpose): However, it is unclear whether baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine can alleviate Cadmium -induced liver fibrosis by regulating metabolism, or whether they exert a synergistic effect. (Study design): We treated Cadmium-poisoned mice with baicalin, N-Acetylcysteine, or baicalin+ N-Acetylcysteine. We studied the effects of baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine on Cadmium-induced liver fibers and their specific mechanisms. (Methods): We used C57BL/6 J mice, and AML12, and HSC-6T cells to establish in vitro assays and in vivo models. (Results): Metabolomics was used to detect the effect of baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine on liver metabolism, which showed that compared with the control group, the Cadmium group had increased fatty acid and amino acid levels, with significantly reduced choline and acetylcholine contents. Baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine alleviated these Cadmium-induced metabolic changes. We further showed that choline alleviated Cadmium -induced liver inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, cadmium significantly promoted extracellular leakage of lactic acid, while choline alleviated the cadmium -induced destruction of the cell membrane structure and lactic acid leakage. Western blotting showed that cadmium significantly reduced mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and Choline Kinase α(CHKα2) levels, and baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine reversed this effect. Overexpression of Tfam in mouse liver and AML12 cells increased the expression of CHKα2 and the choline content, alleviating and cadmium-induced lactic acid leakage, liver inflammation, and fibrosis. (Conclusion): Overall, baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine alleviated cadmium-induced liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis to a greater extent than either drug alone. TFAM represents a target for baicalin and N-Acetylcysteine, and alleviated cadmium-induced liver inflammation and fibrosis by regulating hepatic choline metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Waseem Ali
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yonggang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
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Zhou P, Zuo L, Liu C, Xiong B, Li Z, Zhou X, Yue H, Jia Q, Zheng T, Zou J, Du S, Chen D, Sun Z. Unraveling spatial metabolome of the aerial and underground parts of Scutellaria baicalensis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155259. [PMID: 38096718 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a traditional Chinese medicine, is clinically applied mainly as the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis, and the aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, its stems and leaves, are often consumed as "Scutellaria baicalensis tea" to clear heat, dry dampness, reduce fire and detoxify, while few comparative analyses of the spatial metabolome of the aerial and underground parts of Scutellaria baicalensis have been carried out in current research. METHODS In this work, Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to visualize the spatial imaging of the root, stem, and leaf of Scutellaria baicalensis at a high resolution of 10 μm, respectively, investigating the spatial distribution of the different secondary metabolites in the aerial and underground parts of Scutellaria baicalensis. RESULTS In the present results, various metabolites, such as flavonoid glycosides, flavonoid metabolites, and phenolic acids, were systematically characterized in Scutellaria baicalensis root, stem, and leaf. Nine glycosides, 18 flavonoids, one organic acid, and four other metabolites in Scutellaria baicalensis root; nine glycosides, nine flavonoids, one organic acid in Scutellaria baicalensis stem; and seven flavonoids and seven glycosides in Scutellaria baicalensis leaf were visualized by MALDI-MSI. In the underground part of Scutellaria baicalensis, baicalein, wogonin, baicalin, wogonoside, and chrysin were widely distributed, while there was less spatial location in the aerial parts. Moreover, scutellarein, carthamidin/isocarthamidin, scutellarin, carthamidin/isocarthamidin-7-O-glucuronide had a high distribution in the aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis. In addition, the biosynthetic pathways involved in the biosynthesis of significant flavonoid metabolites in aerial and underground parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were successfully localized and visualized. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-MSI offers a favorable approach for investigating the spatial distribution and effective utilization of metabolites of Scutellaria baicalensis. The detailed spatial chemical information can not only improve our understanding of the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoid metabolites, but more importantly, suggest that we need to fully exert the overall medicinal value of Scutellaria baicalensis, strengthening the reuse and development of the resources of Scutellaria baicalensis aboveground parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lihua Zuo
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Oral Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baolin Xiong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhuolun Li
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhou
- Intelligene Biosystems (QingDao) Co. Ltd., Shangdong Province, China
| | - Heying Yue
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingquan Jia
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Zou
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuzhang Du
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Di Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Zhi Sun
- Pharmaceutical Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Precision Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.
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Zheng Y, Yang K, Shen J, Chen X, He C, Xiao P. Huangqin Tea Total Flavonoids-Gut Microbiota Interactions: Based on Metabolome and Microbiome Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:4410. [PMID: 38137214 PMCID: PMC10742805 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Huangqin tea (HQT), a Non-Camellia Tea derived from the aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, is widely used in the north of China. The intervention effects of HQT on intestinal inflammation and tumors have been found recently, but the active ingredient and mechanism of action remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the potential flavonoid active components and gut microbiota through culture experiments in vitro combined with HPLC-UV, UPLC-QTOF-MS, and 16S rDNA sequencing technology. The results showed that the HQT total flavonoids were mainly composed of isocarthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, scutellarin, and others, which interact closely with gut microbiota. After 48 h, the primary flavonoid glycosides transformed into corresponding aglycones with varying degrees of deglycosylation. The composition of the intestinal microbiota was changed significantly. The beneficial bacteria, such as Enterococcus and Parabacteroides, were promoted, while the harmful bacteria, such as Shigella, were inhibited. The functional prediction results have indicated notable regulatory effects exerted by total flavonoids and scutellarin on various pathways, including purine metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, among others, to play a role in the intervention of inflammation and tumor-related diseases. These findings provided valuable insights for further in-depth research and investigation of the active ingredients, metabolic processes, and mechanisms of HQT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zheng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (X.C.); (P.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilisation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (X.C.); (P.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilisation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China;
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (X.C.); (P.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilisation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunnian He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (X.C.); (P.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilisation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (K.Y.); (X.C.); (P.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilisation of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
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He S, Peng WB, Zhou HL, Fu XJ, Sun YH, Wang ZG. A Combination of Deep-Sea Water and Fucoidan Alleviates T2DM through Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Pathways. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030462. [PMID: 36986561 PMCID: PMC10053583 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan and deep-sea water (DSW) are attractive marine resources for treating type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In this study, the regulation and mechanism associated with the co-administration of the two were first studied using T2DM rats, induced by a high fat diet (HFD) and streptozocin (STZ) injection. Results demonstrate that, compared to those with DSW or FPS alone, the orally administered combination of DSW and FPS (CDF), especially the high dose (H-CDF), could preferably inhibit weight loss, decrease levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipids, and improve hepatopancreatic pathology and the abnormal Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. The fecal metabolomics data show that H-CDF could regulate the abnormal levels of metabolites mainly through the regulation of linoleic acid (LA) metabolism, bile acid (BA) metabolism, and other related pathways. Moreover, H-CDF could adjust the diversity and richness of bacterial flora and enrich bacterial groups, such as Lactobacillaceae and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014. In addition, Spearman correlation analysis illustrated that the interaction between the gut microbiota and BAs plays an essential role in the action of H-CDF. In the ileum, H-CDF was verified to inhibit activation of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) pathway, which is regulated by the microbiota-BA-axis. In conclusion, H-CDF enriched Lactobacillaceae and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014, thereby changing BA metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and other related pathways, as well as enhancing insulin sensitivity and improving glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Wei-Bing Peng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xian-Jun Fu
- Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yan-Hua Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Wang
- Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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Wang H, Sun Y, Guo W, Wang J, Gao J, Peng W, Gu J. Identification and high-throughput quantification of baicalein and its metabolites in plasma and urine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115853. [PMID: 36272493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. contains varieties of function compounds, and it has been used as traditional drug for centuries. Baicalein is the highest amount of flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi., which exerts various pharmacological activities and might be a promising drug to treat COVID-19. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work aims to investigate the metabolism of baicalein in humans after oral administration, and study the pharmacokinetics of BA and its seven metabolites in plasma and urine. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolism profiling and the identification of baicalein metabolites were performed on HPLC-Q-TOF. Then a column-switching method named MPX™-2 system was applied for the high-throughput quantificationof BA and seven metabolites. RESULTS Seven metabolites were identified using HPLC-Q-TOF, including sulfate, glucuronide, glucoside, and methyl-conjugated metabolites. Pharmacokinetic study found that BA was extensively metabolized in vivo, and only 5.65% of the drug remained intact in the circulatory system after single dosing. Baicalein-7-O-sulfate and baicalein-6-O-glucuronide-7-O-glucuronide were the most abundant metabolites. About 7.2% of the drug was excreted through urine and mostly was metabolites. CONCLUSION Seven conjugated metabolites were identified in our assay. A high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS method using column switch was established for quantifying BA and its metabolites. The method has good sensitivity and reproducibility, and successfully applied for the clinical pharmacokinetic study of baicalein and identified metabolites. We expect that our results will provide a metabolic and pharmacokinetic foundation for the potential application of baicalein in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Yantong Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Wei Guo
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Jingyi Gao
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Wenwen Peng
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China; Beijing Institute of Drug Metabolism, Beijing, 102209, PR China.
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Li T, Gao X, Yan Z, Wai TS, Yang W, Chen J, Yan R. Understanding the tonifying and the detoxifying properties of Chinese medicines from their impacts on gut microbiota and host metabolism: a case study with four medicinal herbs in experimental colitis rat model. Chin Med 2022; 17:118. [PMID: 36195889 PMCID: PMC9533630 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00673-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese medicines (CMs) have emerged as an alternative therapy for ulcerative colitis through reinforcing the vital qi and/or eliminating the pathogenic factors according to the traditional Chinese medicinal theory. Presystemic interactions of CMs with gut microbiota and the associated metabolic network shift are believed to be essential to achieve their holistic health benefits in traditional oral application. METHODS This study first employed 16S rDNA-based microbial profiling and mass spectrometry-based urinary metabolomics to simultaneously evaluate four single CMs frequently prescribed as main constituent herbs for alleviating UC, the tonic ginseng and Astragali Radix (AR) and the detoxifying Scutellaria Radix (SR) and Rhubarb, on a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis rat model, with aims to understanding the tonifying or detoxifying properties of CMs through clinical phenotypes, the common features and herb-specific signatures in gut microbial alterations and the associated host metabolic shifts. Colitis was induced in rats receiving 5% DSS for consecutive 7 days. Control group received water alone. Herbal groups received 5% DSS and respective herbal preparation by gavage once daily. Body weight, stool consistency, and rectal bleeding were recorded daily. Feces and urine were freshly collected at multiple time points. On day 7, blood and colon tissues were collected to determine anti-/pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, colonic myeloperoxidase activity, and histopathologic alterations. RESULTS Gut microbiome was more prone to herb intervention than metabolome and displayed increasing associations with metabolic dynamics. Although both the tonic and the detoxifying herbs alleviated colitis and caused some similar changes in DSS-induced microbiome and metabolome disturbance, the tonic herbs were more effective and shared more common microbial and metabolic signatures. The detoxifying herbs elicited herb-specific changes. Rhubarb uniquely affected phenylalanine metabolism and established high correlations between Akkermansia muciniphila and Parasutterella and hydroxyphenylacetylglycine and phenylbutyrylglycine, while SR caused significant elevation of steroidal glucuronides dehydropregnenolone glucuronide and estriol glucuronide, both displaying exclusive correlations with genus Acetatifactor. CONCLUSION Both tonic and detoxifying herbs tested ameliorated experimental colitis and elicited alternative microbial and host metabolic reprogramming. The findings highlight the importance of presystemic interactions with gut microbiota to host metabolic shifts and promote modern translation of tonic and detoxifying properties of CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Xuejiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Zhixiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Tai-Seng Wai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Junru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao China
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, 519080 China
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Shen J, Li P, Wang Y, Yang K, Li Y, Yao H, Wang Q, Xiao P, He C. Pharmacophylogenetic study of Scutellaria baicalensis and its substitute medicinal species based on the chloroplast genomics, metabolomics, and active ingredient. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:951824. [PMID: 36061787 PMCID: PMC9433114 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.951824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The genetic relationships among the species in Scutellaria genus remain unclear because of the variation in the number of species and complex trait. The usage of S. baicalensis and its four substitute medicinal species (S. amoena, S. hypericifolia, S. likiangensis, and S. viscidula) in traditional medicines make their specialized metabolism important in China, but interspecific genetic and chemical differences have rarely been reported for these species. In this study, the chloroplast genomes of four substitute species for S. baicalensis were assembled, and comparative and phylogenetic analyses were performed with these species and other Scutellaria relatives. In addition, metabolomics analyses were performed and the contents of the main active compounds were determined to reveal the interspecific chemical diversity of S. baicalensis and its four substitute species. The full lengths of their chloroplast genomes ranged from 151,574 to 151,816 bp with an average GC content of 38.34%, and a total of 113 genes were annotated. In the chloroplast genomes of S. baicalensis and its four substitutes, one hypervariable region (petA-psbL) is proposed as a potential DNA barcode. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the subdivision of the genus Scutellaria should be reconsidered. The metabolomics and content determination analyses showed that the four species exhibit a metabolism similar to that of S. baicalensis in different parts. Except for the roots of S. likiangensis, all parts of the substitute species showed high contents of baicalin. Genetic and chemical analyses of four substitute medicinal species for S. baicalensis were performed here for the first time, and their pharmacophylogenetic relationships were further explored, providing a scientific basis for the subsequent development of the medicinal value and resource utilization of Scutellaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kailing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunnian He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ying HZ, Xie W, Wang MC, He JQ, Zhang HH, Yu CH. Gut microbiota: An emerging therapeutic approach of herbal medicine for prevention of colorectal cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:969526. [PMID: 36051242 PMCID: PMC9426771 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.969526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut dysbiosis has emerged as a prominent player in the pathogenesis and development of colorectal cancer (CRC), which in turn intensifies dysregulated gut microbiota composition and inflammation. Since most drugs are given orally, this dysbiosis directly and indirectly impinges the absorption and metabolism of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently affects the clinical outcome of patients with CRC. Herbal medicine, including the natural bioactive products, have been used traditionally for centuries and can be considered as novel medicinal sources for anticancer drug discovery. Due to their various structures and pharmacological effects, natural products have been found to improve microbiota composition, repair intestinal barrier and reduce inflammation in human and animal models of CRC. This review summarizes the chemo-preventive effects of extracts and/or compounds derived from natural herbs as the promising antineoplastic agents against CRC, and will provide innovative strategies to counteract dysregulated microbiota and improve the lives of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Zhong Ying
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen-Huan Yu,
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10
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Zhang W, Zhang J, Liu T, Xing J, Zhang H, Wang D, Tang D. Bidirectional effects of intestinal microbiota and antibiotics: a new strategy for colorectal cancer treatment and prevention. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2387-2404. [PMID: 35661254 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing every year. The intestinal microbiota has been called the "neglected organ" and there is growing evidence that the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites can be used in combination with immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy to greatly enhance the treatment of colorectal cancer and to address some of the side effects and adverse effects of these therapies. Antibiotics have great potential to eliminate harmful microbiota, control infection, and reduce colorectal cancer side effects. However, the use of antibiotics has been a highly controversial issue, and numerous retrospective studies have shown that the use of antibiotics affects the effectiveness of treatment (especially immunotherapy). Understanding the bi-directional role of the gut microbiota and antibiotics will further enhance our research into the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. METHODS We searched the "PubMed" database and selected the following keywords "intestinal microbiota, antibiotics, treatment, prevention, colorectal cancer". In this review, we discuss the role of the intestinal microbiota in immunotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, diagnosis, and prevention of CRC. We also conclude that the intestinal microbiota and antibiotics work together to promote the treatment of CRC through a bidirectional effect. RESULTS We found that the intestinal microbiota plays a key role in promoting immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, diagnosis and prevention of CRC. In addition, gut microbiota and antibiotic interactions could be a new strategy for CRC treatment. CONCLUSION The bi-directional role of the intestinal microbiota and antibiotics plays a key role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Juan Xing
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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11
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Baicalin ameliorates alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis by suppressing SREBP1c elicited PNPLA3 competitive binding to ATGL. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 722:109236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Chen H, Ye C, Cai B, Zhang F, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Guo Y, Yao Q. Berberine inhibits intestinal carcinogenesis by suppressing intestinal pro-inflammatory genes and oncogenic factors through modulating gut microbiota. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:566. [PMID: 35596224 PMCID: PMC9123795 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09635-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of Berberine (BBR) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and gut microbiota has begun to appreciate. However, there was no direct evidence confirm that the gut microbiota regulated by BBR could inhibit CRC. This report investigated the effect of stool from BBR treated subjects and its effect on CRC. METHODS A mouse model for CRC was developed using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Intestinal tissue from affected mice were used to determine the efficacy of BBR against CRC. Stool samples were collected for the 16s rRNA gene sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Finally, the mechanism of gut microbiota from BBR treated mice on CRC was explored using immunohistochemistry, RNA-Sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and western blot analyses. RESULTS BBR significantly reduced intestinal tumor development. The richness of gut microbiota were notably decreased by BBR. Specifically, the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Roseburia, Eubacterium, Ruminococcaceae, and Firmicutes_unclassified) was increased while the level of bacteria (Odoribacter, Muribaculum, Mucispirillum, and Parasutterella) was decreased by BBR treatment. FMT experiment determined that the mice fed with stool from BBR treated AOM/DSS mice demonstrated a relatively lower abundance of macroscopic polyps and a significantly lower expression of β-catenin, and PCNA in intestinal tissue than mice fed with stool from AOM/DSS mice. Mechanistically, intestinal tissue obtained from mice fed with stool from BBR treated AOM/DSS mice demonstrated a decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-C motif chemokine 1 (Ccl1), Ccl6, and C-X-C motif ligand (Cxcl9). In addition, the NF-κB expression was greatly suppressed in mice fed with stool from BBR treated AOM/DSS mice. Real-time PCR arrays revealed a down-regulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis in mice fed with stool from BBR treated AOM/DSS mice. CONCLUSIONS Stool obtained from BBR treated AOM/DSS mice was able to increase colon length while simultaneously decreasing the density of macroscopic polyps, cell proliferation, inflammatory modulators and the expression of NF-κB. Therefore, it was concluded that suppression of pro-inflammatory genes and carcinogens factors by modulating gut microbiota was an important pathway for BBR to inhibit tumor growth in conventional mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Chen
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenxiao Ye
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Biyu Cai
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanying Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zewei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310003, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310022, Hangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Fermented Myriophyllum aquaticum and Lactobacillus plantarum Affect the Distribution of Intestinal Microbial Communities and Metabolic Profile in Mice. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research explores the effects of fermented Myriophyllum aquaticum (F) and Lactobacillus plantarum BW2013 (G) as new feed additives on the gut microbiota composition and metabolic profile of mice. Crude protein (p = 0.045), lipid (p = 0.000), and ash (p = 0.006) contents in Myriophyllum aquaticum (N) were improved, whereas raw fiber (p = 0.031) content was decreased after solid-state fermentation by G. Mice were fed with no additive control (CK), 10%N (N), 10%N + G (NG), 10%F (F), and 10%F + G (FG). High-throughput sequencing results showed that, compared with the CK group, Parabacteroides goldsteinii was increased in treatment groups and that Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Bacteroides coprocola were increased in the F and FG groups. Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides coprocola were increased in the F group compared with the N group. Metabolomic results showed that vitamin A, myricetin, gallic acid, and luteolin were increased in the F group compared with the N group. Reduction in LPG 18:1 concentration in the N and F groups could be attenuated or even abolished by supplementation with G. Furthermore, 9-oxo-ODA was upregulated in the FG group compared with the F group. Collectively, N, F, and G have beneficial effects on gut microbiota and metabolic profile in mice, especially intake of FG.
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The dysbiosis gut microbiota induces the alternation of metabolism and imbalance of Th17/Treg in OSA patients. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:217. [PMID: 35322301 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02825-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to test the hypothesis that changes in the intestinal microbiota lead to the alternation of histidine metabolism and Th17/Treg cell imbalance in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. In total, 46 subjects were enrolled in the study, with 32 subjects in the OSA group and 14 in the healthy group, according to polysomnography examinations. Basic clinical characteristics were collected for this analysis. Feces were collected from OSA patients to detect the gut microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. Peripheral blood was obtained to detect the Th17/Treg cell ratio by flow cytometry. The present research demonstrated that at the phylum level, OSA patients have a disproportionate Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio with increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes in the gut microbiota compared to the healthy population. A Metastats analysis also indicated that the family Rikenellaceae was prevalent in the control group but not the OSA group. In addition, the abundance of Clostridium_XlVa was reduced and the abundance of Alistipes was elevated in healthy subjects at the genus level. Furthermore, a Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States analysis identified the alternation of metabolic pathways in OSA patients. The current study also identified an imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in OSA patients, with OSA patients having an elevated number of Treg cells compared to the control group. We determined that the abundance of Rikenellaceae and Alistipes increased and Clostridium_XlVa decreased in patients with OSA, which may have caused an imbalance in the proportion of Th17/Treg cells.
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15
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Wei LQ, Cheong IH, Yang GH, Li XG, Kozlakidis Z, Ding L, Liu NN, Wang H. The Application of High-Throughput Technologies for the Study of Microbiome and Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:699793. [PMID: 34394190 PMCID: PMC8355622 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.699793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gut microbiome research, especially gut microbiome, has been developing at a considerable pace over the last decades, driven by a rapid technological advancement. The emergence of high-throughput technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and others, has afforded the generation of large volumes of data, and in relation to specific pathologies such as different cancer types. The current review identifies high-throughput technologies as they have been implemented in the study of microbiome and cancer. Four main thematic areas have emerged: the characterization of microbial diversity and composition, microbial functional analyses, biomarker prediction, and, lastly, potential therapeutic applications. The majority of studies identified focus on the microbiome diversity characterization, which is reaching technological maturity, while the remaining three thematic areas could be described as emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Io Hong Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Huan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Lei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Centre for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Vamanu E, Dinu LD, Pelinescu DR, Gatea F. Therapeutic Properties of Edible Mushrooms and Herbal Teas in Gut Microbiota Modulation. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061262. [PMID: 34200833 PMCID: PMC8230450 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are functional foods and valuable but less exploited sources of biologically active compounds. Herbal teas are a range of products widely used due to the therapeutic properties that have been demonstrated by traditional medicine and a supplement in conventional therapies. Their interaction with the human microbiota is an aspect that must be researched, the therapeutic properties depending on the interaction with the microbiota and the consequent fermentative activity. Modulation processes result from the activity of, for example, phenolic acids, which are a major component and which have already demonstrated activity in combating oxidative stress. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight the essential aspects of modulating the microbiota using edible mushrooms and herbal teas. Although the phenolic pattern is different for edible mushrooms and herbal teas, certain non-phenolic compounds (polysaccharides and/or caffeine) are important in alleviating chronic diseases. These specific functional compounds have modulatory properties against oxidative stress, demonstrating health-beneficial effects in vitro and/or In vivo. Moreover, recent advances in improving human health via gut microbiota are presented. Plant-derived miRNAs from mushrooms and herbal teas were highlighted as a potential strategy for new therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-742218240
| | - Laura Dorina Dinu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Diana Roxana Pelinescu
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florentina Gatea
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, 296 Spl. Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
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Ren L, Ye J, Zhao B, Sun J, Cao P, Yang Y. The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:674807. [PMID: 33959032 PMCID: PMC8093878 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.674807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a multifactorial disease involving genetic, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors. Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. Studies have shown that the behavior of intestinal microbiota can lead to pathological changes in the host intestine, which can be divided into epigenetic changes and carcinogenic changes at the gene level, and ultimately promote the formation and development of colorectal cancer. Intestinal microbiota is mainly distributed in the intestinal epithelium, which is composed of a large number of microorganisms interacting with the host intestinal cells. It can affect the immune-inflammation and metabolism of the gastrointestinal tract, and may be used as a biomarker for disease diagnosis. Regulation of gut microbiota is a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. This article reviews the role of intestinal microbiota in the development of colorectal cancer, including the related mechanisms of intestinal microbiota promoting colorectal cancer, the use of intestinal microbiota in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, and the regulation of intestinal microbiota in the prevention or treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinbing Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital, Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Yangtze River Pharmaceutical Group, Taizhou, China
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