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Jouhet J, Alves E, Boutté Y, Darnet S, Domergue F, Durand T, Fischer P, Fouillen L, Grube M, Joubès J, Kalnenieks U, Kargul JM, Khozin-Goldberg I, Leblanc C, Letsiou S, Lupette J, Markov GV, Medina I, Melo T, Mojzeš P, Momchilova S, Mongrand S, Moreira ASP, Neves BB, Oger C, Rey F, Santaeufemia S, Schaller H, Schleyer G, Tietel Z, Zammit G, Ziv C, Domingues R. Plant and algal lipidomes: Analysis, composition, and their societal significance. Prog Lipid Res 2024; 96:101290. [PMID: 39094698 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Plants and algae play a crucial role in the earth's ecosystems. Through photosynthesis they convert light energy into chemical energy, capture CO2 and produce oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Photosynthetic organisms are primary producers and synthesize the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids. They have also unique and highly diverse complex lipids, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, triglycerides, sphingolipids and phytosterols, with nutritional and health benefits. Plant and algal lipids are useful in food, feed, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries but also for green chemistry and bioenergy. The analysis of plant and algal lipidomes represents a significant challenge due to the intricate and diverse nature of their composition, as well as their plasticity under changing environmental conditions. Optimization of analytical tools is crucial for an in-depth exploration of the lipidome of plants and algae. This review highlights how lipidomics analytical tools can be used to establish a complete mapping of plant and algal lipidomes. Acquiring this knowledge will pave the way for the use of plants and algae as sources of tailored lipids for both industrial and environmental applications. This aligns with the main challenges for society, upholding the natural resources of our planet and respecting their limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS/INRAE/CEA/Grenoble Alpes Univ., 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Eliana Alves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Yohann Boutté
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Frédéric Domergue
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, UMR 5247 CNRS, France
| | - Pauline Fischer
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, UMR 5247 CNRS, France
| | - Laetitia Fouillen
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Mara Grube
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Jérôme Joubès
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Uldis Kalnenieks
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Joanna M Kargul
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Dryland Agriculture and Biotechnology, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Catherine Leblanc
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Sophia Letsiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spiridonos str. Egaleo, 12243 Athens, Greece
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Gabriel V Markov
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Isabel Medina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, E-36208 Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Peter Mojzeš
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Svetlana Momchilova
- Department of Lipid Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, bl. 9, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200 CNRS-Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - Ana S P Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Bruna B Neves
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, University of Montpellier, ENSCN, UMR 5247 CNRS, France
| | - Felisa Rey
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Sergio Santaeufemia
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hubert Schaller
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guy Schleyer
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Leibniz-HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Zipora Tietel
- Department of Food Science, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, M.P. Negev 8531100, Israel
| | - Gabrielle Zammit
- Laboratory of Applied Phycology, Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta
| | - Carmit Ziv
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal; CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
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2
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Wei L, Chen S, Deng X, Liu Y, Wang H, Gao X, Huang Y. Metabolomic discoveries for early diagnosis and traditional Chinese medicine efficacy in ischemic stroke. Biomark Res 2024; 12:63. [PMID: 38902829 PMCID: PMC11188286 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), a devastating cerebrovascular accident, presents with high mortality and morbidity. Following IS onset, a cascade of pathological changes, including excitotoxicity, inflammatory damage, and blood-brain barrier disruption, significantly impacts prognosis. However, current clinical practices struggle with early diagnosis and identifying these alterations. Metabolomics, a powerful tool in systems biology, offers a promising avenue for uncovering early diagnostic biomarkers for IS. By analyzing dynamic metabolic profiles, metabolomics can not only aid in identifying early IS biomarkers but also evaluate Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) efficacy and explore its mechanisms of action in IS treatment. Animal studies demonstrate that TCM interventions modulate specific metabolite levels, potentially reflecting their therapeutic effects. Identifying relevant metabolites in cerebral ischemia patients holds immense potential for early diagnosis and improved outcomes. This review focuses on recent metabolomic discoveries of potential early diagnostic biomarkers for IS. We explore variations in metabolites observed across different ages, genders, disease severity, and stages. Additionally, the review examines how specific TCM extracts influence IS development through metabolic changes, potentially revealing their mechanisms of action. Finally, we emphasize the importance of integrating metabolomics with other omics approaches for a comprehensive understanding of IS pathophysiology and TCM efficacy, paving the way for precision medicine in IS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhe Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Xinpeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Yuchun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
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Shi C, Liang Z, Li T, Hao Q, Xiang H, Xie Q. Metabolome and microbiome analyses of the anti-fatigue mechanism of Acanthopanax senticosus leaves. Food Funct 2024; 15:3791-3809. [PMID: 38511300 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05311c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Acanthopanax senticosus leaves, widely used as a vegetable and tea, are reported to be beneficial in treating neurological disorders. At present, their anti-fatigue effect remains to be established. In this study, we analyzed the composition of the extracts from A. senticosus leaves and confirmed their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties at the cellular level. In mice subjected to exhaustive running on a treadmill, supplementation with A. senticosus leaf extracts enhanced exercise performance and alleviated fatigue via the reversal of exercise-induced 5-HT elevation, metabolic waste accumulation, organ damage, and glucose metabolism-related gene expression. The collective findings from microbiome and metabolomic analyses indicate that A. senticosus leaf extracts increase α-diversity, regulate microbial composition, and reverse exercise-mediated disruption of carbohydrate, creatine, amino acid, and trimethylamine metabolism. This study provides preliminary evidence for the utility of A. senticosus leaves as a promising anti-fatigue food and offers insights into the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Liang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Qi Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong 134504, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
- Institute of Changbai Mountain Resource and Health, Jilin University, Fusong 134504, P.R. China
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Wróbel-Biedrawa D, Podolak I. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Adaptogens: A Mini-Review. Molecules 2024; 29:866. [PMID: 38398618 PMCID: PMC10891670 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Adaptogens are a group of plants that exhibit complex, nonspecific effects on the human body, increasing its ability to adapt, develop resilience, and survive in stress conditions. They are found in many traditional medicinal systems and play a key role in restoring the body's strength and stamina. Research in recent years has attempted to elucidate the mechanisms behind their pharmacological effects, but it appears that these effects are difficult to define precisely and involve multiple molecular pathways. Neuroinflammation: In recent years, chronic inflammation has been recognized as one of the common features of many central nervous system disorders (dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases, depression, anxiety, ischemic stroke, and infections). Because of the specific nature of the brain, this process is called neuroinflammation, and its suppression can result in an improvement of patients' condition and may promote their recovery. Adaptogens as anti-inflammatory agents: As has been discovered, adaptogens display anti-inflammatory effects, which suggests that their application may be broader than previously thought. They regulate gene expression of anti- and proinflammatory cytokines (prostaglandins, leukotriens) and can modulate signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB). Aim: This mini-review aims to present the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of the most important plants classified as adaptogens: Schisandra chinensis, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Rhodiola rosea and Withania somnifera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland;
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Wang R, Sun Y, Wang M, Li H, Liu S, Liu Z. Therapeutic effect of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. leaves on ischemic stroke via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4801-4818. [PMID: 37518502 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. leaves (ESL) are widely used to treat ischemic stroke (IS); however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a critical role in IS and has become a potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to reveal and verify the therapeutic effect of ESL on IS through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry-based untargeted/targeted metabolomics combined with 16S rRNA microbiota sequencing strategy were used to investigate the regulatory effect of ESL on the metabolism and intestinal microenvironment after IS. Lactobacillus reuteri and Clostridium butyricum were used to treat rats with IS to verify that elevated levels of probiotics are key factors in the therapeutic effect of ESL. The results showed that IS significantly altered the accumulation of 41 biomarkers, while ESL restored their concentrations back to normal. Moreover, ESL alleviated the dysbiosis of gut microbiota brought on by IS, by reducing the abundance of pathogens and increasing the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Lactobacillus reuteri and Clostridium butyricum); this could reduce post-stroke injury, thereby having a certain protective effect on IS. This study reveals that ESL plays an important role in treating IS through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, maintaining metabolic homeostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiyuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanlin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yadav I, Sharma N, Velayudhan R, Fatima Z, Maras JS. Ocimum sanctum Alters the Lipid Landscape of the Brain Cortex and Plasma to Ameliorate the Effect of Photothrombotic Stroke in a Mouse Model. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1877. [PMID: 37763282 PMCID: PMC10533110 DOI: 10.3390/life13091877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke-like injuries in the brain result in not only cell death at the site of the injury but also other detrimental structural and molecular changes in regions around the stroke. A stroke-induced alteration in the lipid profile interferes with neuronal functions such as neurotransmission. Preventing these unfavorable changes is important for recovery. Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi extract) is known to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. It is possible that Tulsi imparts a neuroprotective effect through the lipophilic transfer of active ingredients into the brain. Hence, we examined alterations in the lipid profile in the cerebral cortex as well as the plasma of mice with a photothrombotic-ischemic-stroke-like injury following the administration of a Tulsi extract. It is also possible that the lipids present in the Tulsi extract could contribute to the lipophilic transfer of active ingredients into the brain. Therefore, to identify the major lipid species in the Tulsi extract, we performed metabolomic and untargeted lipidomic analyses on the Tulsi extract. The presence of 39 molecular lipid species was detected in the Tulsi extract. We then examined the effect of a treatment using the Tulsi extract on the untargeted lipidomic profile of the brain and plasma following photothrombotic ischemic stroke in a mouse model. Mice of the C57Bl/6j strain, aged 2-3 months, were randomly divided into four groups: (i) Sham, (ii) Lesion, (iii) Lesion plus Tulsi, and (iv) Lesion plus Ibuprofen. The cerebral cortex of the lesioned hemisphere of the brain and plasma samples were collected for untargeted lipidomic profiling using a Q-Exactive Mass Spectrometer. Our results documented significant alterations in major lipid groups, including PE, PC, neutral glycerolipids, PS, and P-glycerol, in the brain and plasma samples from the photothrombotic stroke mice following their treatment with Tulsi. Upon further comparison between the different study groups of mice, levels of MGDG (36:4), which may assist in recovery, were found to be increased in the brain cortexes of the mice treated with Tulsi when compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Lipid species such as PS, PE, LPG, and PI were commonly altered in the Sham and Lesion plus Tulsi groups. The brain samples from the Sham group were specifically enriched in many species of glycerol lipids and had reduced PE species, while their plasma samples showed altered PE and PS species when compared to the Lesion group. LPC (16:1) was found in the Tulsi extract and was significantly increased in the brains of the PTL-plus-Tulsi-treated group. Our results suggest that the neuroprotective effect of Tulsi on cerebral ischemia may be partially associated with its ability to regulate brain and plasma lipids, and these results may help provide critical insights into therapeutic options for cerebral ischemia or brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderjeet Yadav
- National Brain Research Centre, Gurugram 122052, India; (I.Y.); (R.V.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nupur Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi 110070, India;
| | - Rema Velayudhan
- National Brain Research Centre, Gurugram 122052, India; (I.Y.); (R.V.)
| | - Zeeshan Fatima
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram 122413, India
| | - Jaswinder Singh Maras
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi 110070, India;
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Wang Q, Deng K, Ai J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Ren Y, Zhang N. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Grafting on Special Metabolites of Acanthopanax senticosus Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:4877. [PMID: 37375432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) is a member of Acanthopanax Miq. and is used in traditional Chinese medicine, and it has been found that grafting technology can be used to alter plant metabolite composition and transcriptome characteristics. In this study, shoots of A. senticosus were grafted onto the rootstocks of the vigorous Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (A. sessiliflorus) to improve its varietal characteristics. In order to investigate the changes in metabolites and transcriptional patterns in grafted A. senticosus leaves (GSCL), fresh leaves were collected from 2-year-old grafted A. senticosus scions, while self-rooted seedling A. senticosus leaves (SCL) were used as controls to analyse the transcriptome and metabolome. Metabolic profiles and gene expression patterns were further identified and correlated in special metabolite target pathways. The content of chlorogenic acid and triterpenoids in the GSCL was higher than in the control, while the quercetin content was lower. All these metabolic changes were associated with changes in the expression pattern of transcripts. Our results revealed the transcriptome and metabolome characteristics of GSCL. This may help to improve leaf quality in A. senticosus cultivation, suggesting that it is feasible to improve the medicinal quality of GSCL through asexual propagation, but the long-term effects need further investigation. In conclusion, this dataset provides a useful resource for future studies on the effects of grafting on medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Kedan Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Jun Ai
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yingping Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yougui Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yueying Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Nanqi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application, Changchun 130118, China
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Li J, He Y, Fu J, Wang Y, Fan X, Zhong T, Zhou H. Dietary supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus extract alleviates motor deficits in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice and its underlying mechanism. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1121789. [PMID: 36865944 PMCID: PMC9971719 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE), a dietary supplement with antifatigue, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties, has been widely used due to its high polyphenol content. Our previous study showed that ASE could be used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) as it contains multiple monoamine oxidase B inhibitors prescribed in early PD. However, its mechanism remains ambiguous. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of ASE on MPTP-induced PD in mice and explored the underlying mechanisms of action. We found that the administration of ASE significantly improved motor coordination in mice with MPTP-induced PD. As shown by quantitative proteomic analysis, 128 proteins' expression significantly changed in response to ASE administration, most of which were involved with Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages and monocytes signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and insulin receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, the network analysis results showed that ASE modulates protein networks involved in regulating cellular assembly, lipid metabolism, and morphogenesis, all of which have implications for treating PD. Overall, ASE served as a potential therapeutic because it regulated multiple targets to improve motor deficits, which could lay the strong foundation for developing anti-PD dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang He
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Fu
- School of Health, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xing Fan
- School of Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China,*Correspondence: Tian Zhong,
| | - Hui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, China,Hui Zhou,
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9
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zhao S, Peng T, Zhang M, Xu X, Li K, Liu Y. Synovial tissue metabolomics analysis of the therapeutic effects of stir-fried Xanthii Fructus on rheumatoid arthritis in rats. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1216:123594. [PMID: 36638684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a rheumatic disease that easily causes synovial hyperplasia and joint damage. Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of synovial tissue can reveal local pathological changes during RA and identify metabolites as candidate biomarkers. Detecting metabolites in synovial tissue can more directly reflect the pathological state and disease activity associated with it. stir-fried Xanthii Fructus has demonstrated efficacy in treating RA, but its pharmacodynamic property and mechanism of action are unclear. In this study, the molecular composition of the extract of stir-fried Xanthium Fructus was determined through HPLC. The major components that exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were speculated to be phenolic acids. Next, the effect of stir-fried Xanthii Fructus extracts in RA treatment was comprehensively evaluated using rat body weight, foot volume, inflammatory factors, and histopathological sections of the ankle joint as evaluation indicators. The results showed that the extract of stir-fried Xanthii Fructus could significantly reduce the inflammatory response and improve the degree of joint swelling and the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory in adjuvant arthritis rats. Finally, non-targeted metabolomics based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and multivariate statistical analysis were used to explore the changes of endogenous metabolites in synovium tissues and to search for potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways in stir-fried Xanthii Fructus extract-treated AA rats. The results showed that stir-fried Xanthii Fructus mainly treated RA by regulating energy metabolism, hormone metabolism, amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress response in adjuvant arthritis rats. This study provides a theoretical basis for the mechanism of action of stir-fried Xanthii Fructus extract in treating RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuohua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China; Infection Control Section, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China
| | - Shuo Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China
| | - Tingtao Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China
| | - Xizhu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271099, China.
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10
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Zeng K, Zhou X, Liu W, Nie C, Zhang Y. Determination of endogenous sphingolipid content in stroke rats and HT22 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation by LC‒MS/MS. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:13. [PMID: 36698123 PMCID: PMC9878918 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is the leading cause of death in humans worldwide, and its incidence increases every year. It is well documented that lipids are closely related to stroke. Analyzing the changes in lipid content in the stroke model after absolute quantification and investigating whether changes in lipid content can predict stroke severity provides a basis for the combination of clinical stroke and quantitative lipid indicators. METHODS This paper establishes a rapid, sensitive, and reliable LC‒MS/MS analytical method for the detection of endogenous sphingolipids in rat serum and brain tissue and HT22 cells and quantifies the changes in sphingolipid content in the serum and brain tissue of rats from the normal and pMCAO groups and in cells from the normal and OGD/R groups. Using sphingosine (d17:1) as the internal standard, a chloroform: methanol (9:1) mixed system was used for protein precipitation and lipid extraction, followed by analysis by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. RESULTS Based on absolute quantitative analysis of lipids in multiple biological samples, our results show that compared with those in the normal group, the contents of sphinganine (d16:0), sphinganine (d18:0), and phytosphingosine were significantly increased in the model group, except sphingosine-1-phosphate, which was decreased in various biological samples. The levels of each sphingolipid component in serum fluctuate with time. CONCLUSION This isotope-free and derivatization-free LC‒MS/MS method can achieve absolute quantification of sphingolipids in biological samples, which may also help identify lipid biomarkers of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqi Zeng
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 51006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 51006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyi Liu
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 51006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Nie
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 51006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- grid.411866.c0000 0000 8848 7685Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong 51006 Guangzhou, China
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11
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Liu H, Yang L, Wan C, Li Z, Yan G, Han Y, Sun H, Wang X. Evaluation of the pharmacological effects and exploration of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine preparation Ciwujia tablets in treating insomnia based on ethology, energy metabolism, and urine metabolomic approaches. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1009668. [PMID: 36545309 PMCID: PMC9760683 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1009668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciwujia Tablets (CWT) are produced by concentrating and drying the extract solution of the dried rhizome of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim [Araliaceae; E. senticosus radix et rhizoma]. Besides, CWT is included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is widely used in the treatment of insomnia. It mainly contains eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E, isofraxidin, eleutheroside C, ciwujiatone, and chlorogenic acid, as well as other chemical components. Although the clinical efficacy of CWT in treating insomnia has been confirmed, its functions and pharmacological effects have not been systematically evaluated and its mechanism of action in the treatment of insomnia remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, behavioral, energy metabolism, and metabonomics methods were applied to systematically evaluate the effect of CWT on insomnia. Additionally, urine metabonomics based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS were utilized to identify potential endogenous biomarkers of insomnia, detect the various changes before and after CWT treatment, explore the metabolic pathway and potential target of CWT, and reveal its pharmacological mechanism. Results revealed that CWT increased inhibitory neurotransmitter (5-HT and GABA) content and reduced the content of excitatory neurotransmitters (DA and NE). Moreover, CWT enhanced autonomous behavioral activity, stabilized emotions, and promoted the return of daily basic metabolic indexes of insomniac rats to normal levels. The urine metabolomics experiment identified 28 potential endogenous biomarkers, such as allysine, 7,8-dihydroneopterin, 5-phosphonooxy-L-lysine, and N-acetylserotonin. After CWT treatment, the content of 22 biomarkers returned to normal levels. The representative markers included N-acetylserotonin, serotonin, N-methyltryptamine, and 6-hydroxymelatonin. Additionally, the metabolic pathways in rats were significantly reversed, such as tryptophan metabolism, folate biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. Ultimately, it is concluded that CWT regulated tryptophan metabolism, folate biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and other metabolic levels in the body. This drug has been confirmed to be effective in the treatment of insomnia by regulating the content of serotonin, 6-hydroxymelatonin, N-acetylserotonin, and N-methyltryptamine to a stable and normal level in tryptophan metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Wan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhineng Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Xijun Wang,
| | - Xijun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China,*Correspondence: Hui Sun, ; Xijun Wang,
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12
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Ma Y, Chen Z, He Q, Guo ZN, Yang Y, Liu F, Li F, Luo Q, Chang J. Spatiotemporal lipidomics reveals key features of brain lipid dynamic changes after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Liu H, Yang L, Wan C, Li Z, Yan G, Han Y, Sun H, Wang X. Exploring potential mechanism of ciwujia tablets for insomnia by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, network pharmacology, and experimental validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:990996. [PMID: 36110515 PMCID: PMC9468710 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.990996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insomnia, whether chronic or intermittent, is a common central nervous system disease. Ciwujia Tablet (CWT) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) made from the extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. This medication is commonly used for treating insomnia in China, but the lack of in-depth research focused on the chemical ingredients of CWT creates a gap in knowledge regarding its effective constituents against insomnia. Considering that the therapeutic material basis, targets, and pathways related to this drug have not been fully investigated by scholars in the field, the focus of this study is on identifying the chemical ingredients or structural characteristics of CWT by the UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technique. Besides, concepts of network pharmacology were also used to investigate the targets and pathways of CWT. An insomnia rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of p-chlorophenylalanine, and the results were verified through various experiments. A total of 46 ingredients were identified in CWT, such as eleutheroside B, eleutheroside E, isofraxidin, and chlorogenic acid. Among them, 17 ingredients with good solubility, favorable gastrointestinal absorption, and high bioavailability were selected for network pharmacological analysis. It was concluded that CWT participated in the regulation of neurotransmitter levels, modulation of ion transport, neurotransmitter receptor activity, synaptic transmission, dopaminergic transmission and other essential processes. Results from the animal experiments showed that CWT can increase the content of inhibitory neurotransmitters 5-HT and GABA in the brain, reduce the synthesis of excitatory escalating transmitters DA and NE, shorten the sleep latency and prolong the sleep duration of insomnia rats. Furthermore, CWT could significantly alleviate the symptoms of insomnia in model rats. Identifying the chemical ingredients of CWT in this experiment is of great significance for exploring its potential curative effects, which provides a solid basis for further understanding the therapeutic value of this medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlei Wan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhineng Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Xijun Wang,
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14
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Li XT, Zhou JC, Zhou Y, Ren YS, Huang YH, Wang SM, Tan L, Yang ZY, Ge YW. Pharmacological effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus on the neurological disorders. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3490-3504. [PMID: 35844057 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Eleutherococcus senticosus is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine and edible remedies with effects on anti-fatigue, sleep improvement, and memory enhancement. Recently, the application of E. senticosus to neurological disorders has been a focus. However, its overall pharmacological effect on neural diseases and relevant mechanisms are needed in an in-depth summary. In this review, the traditional uses and the therapeutic effect of E. senticosus on the treatment of fatigue, depression, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia were summarized. In addition, the underlying mechanisms involved in the anti-oxidative damage, anti-inflammation, neurotransmitter modulation, improvement of neuronal growth, and anti-apoptosis were discussed. This review will accelerate the understanding of the neuroprotective effects brought from the E. senticosus, and impetus its development as a phytotherapy agent against neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Tao Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Chun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Shan Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Mei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-You Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Institute of Nutrition and Marine Drugs, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Su J, Zhang X, Kan Q, Chu X. Antioxidant Activity of Acanthopanax senticosus Flavonoids in H2O2-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092872. [PMID: 35566218 PMCID: PMC9101407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox reaction is a normal process of biological metabolism in the body that leads to the production of free radicals. Under conditions such as pathogenic infection, stress, and drug exposure, free radicals can exceed normal levels, causing protein denaturation, DNA damage, and the oxidation of the cell membrane, which, in turn, causes inflammation. Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) flavonoids are the main bioactive ingredients with antioxidant function. H2O2-treated RAW 264.7 cells and DSS-induced colitis in mice were used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of A. senticosus flavonoids. The results show that A. senticosus flavonoids can significantly downregulate the levels of ROS and MDA in H2O2-treated RAW 264.7 cells and increase the levels of CAT, SOD, and GPx. A. senticosus flavonoids can also increase the body weights of DSS-induced colitis mice, increase the DAI index, and ameliorate the shortening of the colon. ELISA experiments confirmed that A. senticosus flavonoids could reduce the level of MDA in the mouse serum and increase the levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx. Histopathology showed that the tissue pathological changes in the A. senticosus flavonoid group were significantly lower than those in the DSS group. The Western blot experiments showed that the antioxidant capacity of A. senticosus flavonoids was accomplished through the Nrf2 pathway. In conclusion, A. senticosus flavonoids can relieve oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro and protect cells or tissues from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Su
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-150-9503-9358 (J.S.); +86-150-2062-6235 (X.C.)
| | | | | | - Xiuling Chu
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-150-9503-9358 (J.S.); +86-150-2062-6235 (X.C.)
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16
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Lai W, Du D, Chen L. Metabolomics Provides Novel Insights into Epilepsy Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:844-859. [PMID: 35067830 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03510-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system. The diagnosis of epilepsy mainly depends on electroencephalograms and symptomatology, while diagnostic biofluid markers are still lacking. In addition, approximately 30% of patients with epilepsy (PWE) show a poor response to the currently available anti-seizure medicines. An increasing number of studies have reported alterations in the blood, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid and urine metabolome in PWE and animal models of epilepsy. The aim of this review was to identify potential metabolic biomarkers and pathways that might facilitate diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic determination in PWE and the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for metabolomic studies of PWE and epileptic models published before December 2020. The study objectives, types of models and reported differentially altered metabolites were examined and compared. Pathway analyses were performed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 online software. Thirty-five studies were included in this review. Metabolites such as glutamate, lactate and citrate were disturbed in both PWE and epileptic models, which might be potential biomarkers of epilepsy. Metabolic pathways including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; glycerophospholipid metabolism; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; and arginine and proline metabolism were involved in epilepsy. These pathways might play important roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. This review summarizes metabolites and metabolic pathways related to epilepsy and provides a novel perspective for the identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin Lai
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Advanced Mass Spectrometry Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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