1
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Chapman M, Rajagopal V, Stewart A, Collins DJ. Critical review of single-cell mechanotyping approaches for biomedical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3036-3063. [PMID: 38804123 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00978e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Accurate mechanical measurements of cells has the potential to improve diagnostics, therapeutics and advance understanding of disease mechanisms, where high-resolution mechanical information can be measured by deforming individual cells. Here we evaluate recently developed techniques for measuring cell-scale stiffness properties; while many such techniques have been developed, much of the work examining single-cell stiffness is impacted by difficulties in standardization and comparability, giving rise to large variations in reported mechanical moduli. We highlight the role of underlying mechanical theories driving this variability, and note opportunities to develop novel mechanotyping devices and theoretical models that facilitate convenient and accurate mechanical characterisation. Moreover, many high-throughput approaches are confounded by factors including cell size, surface friction, natural population heterogeneity and convolution of elastic and viscous contributions to cell deformability. We nevertheless identify key approaches based on deformability cytometry as a promising direction for further development, where both high-throughput and accurate single-cell resolutions can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Chapman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Alastair Stewart
- ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Graeme Clarke Institute University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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2
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Xu M, Vidler C, Wang J, Chen X, Pan Z, Harley WS, Lee PVS, Collins DJ. Micro-Acoustic Holograms for Detachable Microfluidic Devices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307529. [PMID: 38174594 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic microfluidic devices have advantages for diagnostic applications, therapeutic solutions, and fundamental research due to their contactless operation, simple design, and biocompatibility. However, most acoustofluidic approaches are limited to forming simple and fixed acoustic patterns, or have limited resolution. In this study,a detachable microfluidic device is demonstrated employing miniature acoustic holograms to create reconfigurable, flexible, and high-resolution acoustic fields in microfluidic channels, where the introduction of a solid coupling layer makes these holograms easy to fabricate and integrate. The application of this method to generate flexible acoustic fields, including shapes, characters, and arbitrarily rotated patterns, within microfluidic channels, is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Callum Vidler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jizhen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Zijian Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - William S Harley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter V S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Graeme Clarke Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Graeme Clarke Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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3
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Naquin TD, Canning AJ, Gu Y, Chen J, Naquin CM, Xia J, Lu B, Yang S, Koroza A, Lin K, Wang HN, Jeck WR, Lee LP, Vo-Dinh T, Huang TJ. Acoustic separation and concentration of exosomes for nucleotide detection: ASCENDx. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm8597. [PMID: 38457504 PMCID: PMC10923504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm8597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Efficient isolation and analysis of exosomal biomarkers hold transformative potential in biomedical applications. However, current methods are prone to contamination and require costly consumables, expensive equipment, and skilled personnel. Here, we introduce an innovative spaceship-like disc that allows Acoustic Separation and Concentration of Exosomes and Nucleotide Detection: ASCENDx. We created ASCENDx to use acoustically driven disc rotation on a spinning droplet to generate swift separation and concentration of exosomes from patient plasma samples. Integrated plasmonic nanostars on the ASCENDx disc enable label-free detection of enriched exosomes via surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Direct detection of circulating exosomal microRNA biomarkers from patient plasma samples by the ASCENDx platform facilitated a diagnostic assay for colorectal cancer with 95.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity. ASCENDx overcomes existing limitations in exosome-based molecular diagnostics and holds a powerful position for future biomedical research, precision medicine, and point-of-care medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ty D. Naquin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Aidan J. Canning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jianing Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Chloe M. Naquin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jianping Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Brandon Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Aleksandra Koroza
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Katherine Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Hsin-Neng Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - William R. Jeck
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University; Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tuan Vo-Dinh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Vachon P, Merugu S, Sharma J, Lal A, Ng EJ, Koh Y, Lee JEY, Lee C. Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:33. [PMID: 38463549 PMCID: PMC10920796 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves (GFWs) generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator (MAWA). By harnessing the potential of GFWs, cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved, unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip development. The localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising characteristics. Unlike traditional acoustofluidic technologies, the GFWs propagating on the MAWA's membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation, irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic chamber. Moreover, the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane waveguide. Experimental demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport, mixing, and spatial separation based on particle diameter, along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS channels. These experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA's compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vachon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Srinivas Merugu
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaibir Sharma
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Lal
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Eldwin J. Ng
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yul Koh
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua E.-Y. Lee
- Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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5
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Kolesnik K, Rajagopal V, Collins DJ. Optimizing coupling layer and superstrate thickness in attachable acoustofluidic devices. ULTRASONICS 2024; 137:107202. [PMID: 37979521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Superstrate-based acoustofluidic devices, where the fluidic elements are reversibly coupled to a transducer rather than bonded to it, offer advantages for cost, interchangeability and preventing contamination between samples. A variety of coupling materials can be used to transmit acoustic energies into attachable superstrates, though the dimensions and material composition of the system elements are not typically optimized. This work analyzes these coupling layers for bulk wavefront transmission, including water, ultrasound gel and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), as well as the material makeup and thickness of the superstrate component, which is commonly comprised of glass, quartz or silicon. Our results highlight the importance of coupling layer and superstrate dimensions, identifying frequencies and component thicknesses that maximize transmission efficiency. Our results indicate that superstrate thicknesses 0.55 times the acoustic wavelength result in maximal acoustic coupling. While various coupling layers and superstrate materials are capable of similar acoustic energy transmission, the inherent dimensional stability of the PDMS coupling layers, somewhat less common in superstrate work compared to liquid-based agents, presents advantages for practically maximizing acoustic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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6
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Yu N, Geng W, Liu Y, Zhang H, Lu H, Duan Z, Yang L, Zhang Y, Chou X. Robust global arrangement by coherent enhancement in Huygens-Fresnel traveling surface acoustic wave interference field. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:509-518. [PMID: 37989848 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW) tweezers based on backpropagation superposition to achieve precise behavior manipulation of microscale cells and even nanoscale bacteria has been widely studied and industrialized. However, the structure requires multiple transducer components or full channel resonance. It is very challenging to design a simple structure for nano-control by complex acoustic field. In this study, a reflector-interdigital transducer (R-IDT) acoustofluidic device based on unilateral coherence enhancement is proposed to achieve SSAW definition features of periodic particle capture positions. The SAW device based on a unilateral transducer can not only generate leaky-SAW in water-filled microchannel, but also have a contribution of spherical waves in the vibration area of the substrate-liquid interface due to the Huygens-Fresnel diffractive principle. Both of them form a robust time-averaged spatial periodicity in the pressure potential gradient, accurately predicting the lateral spacing of these positions through acoustic patterning methods. Furthermore, a reflector based on Bragg-reflection is used to suppress backward transmitted SAW and enhance forward conducted SAW beams. By using a finite element model, R-IDT structure's amplitude enhances 60.78% compared to single IDT structure. The particle manipulation range of the diffractive acoustic field greatly improves, verified by experimental polystyrene microspheres. Besides, biocompatibility is conformed through red blood cells and Bacillus subtilis. We investigate the overall shift of periodic pressure field that can still occur when the phase changes. This work provides a simpler and low-cost solution for the application of acoustic tweezer in biological cell culture and filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Wenping Geng
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China.
| | - Yukai Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Huiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Zhigang Duan
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Lingxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Semiconductor and Physics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
| | - Xiujian Chou
- Key Laboratory of National Defense Science and Technology On Electronic Measurement, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, China
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7
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Wang Q, Maramizonouz S, Stringer Martin M, Zhang J, Ong HL, Liu Q, Yang X, Rahmati M, Torun H, Ng WP, Wu Q, Binns R, Fu Y. Acoustofluidic patterning in glass capillaries using travelling acoustic waves based on thin film flexible platform. ULTRASONICS 2024; 136:107149. [PMID: 37703751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology has been widely used to manipulate microparticles and biological species, based on acoustic radiation force (ARF) and drag force induced by acoustic streaming, either by standing SAWs (SSAWs) or travelling SAWs (TSAWs). These acoustofluidic patterning functions can be achieved within a polymer chamber or a glass capillary with various cross-sections positioned along the wave propagating paths. In this paper, we demonstrated that microparticles can be aligned, patterned, and concentrated within both circular and rectangular glass capillaries using TSAWs based on a piezoelectric thin film acoustic wave platform. The glass capillary was placed at different angles along with the interdigital transducer directions. We systematically investigated effects of tilting angles and wave characteristics using numerical simulations in both circular and square shaped capillaries, and the patterning mechanisms were discussed and compared with those agitated under the SSAWs. We then experimentally verified the particle patterns within different glass capillaries using thin film ZnO SAW devices on aluminum (Al) sheets. Results show that the propagating SAWs can generate acoustic pressures and patterns in the fluid due to the diffractive effects, drag forces and ARF, as functions of the SAW device's resonant frequency and tilting angle. We demonstrated potential applications using this multiplexing, integrated, and flexible thin film-based platform, including patterning particles (1) inside multiple and successively positioned circular tubes; (2) inside a solidified hydrogel in the glass capillary; and (3) by wrapping a flexible ZnO/Al SAW device around the glass capillary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China; Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Sadaf Maramizonouz
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK; School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Mercedes Stringer Martin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Jikai Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Hui Ling Ong
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Qiang Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China; Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Hamdi Torun
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Wai Pang Ng
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Qiang Wu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Richard Binns
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Yongqing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
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Saitta L, Cutuli E, Celano G, Tosto C, Sanalitro D, Guarino F, Cicala G, Bucolo M. Projection Micro-Stereolithography to Manufacture a Biocompatible Micro-Optofluidic Device for Cell Concentration Monitoring. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4461. [PMID: 38006185 PMCID: PMC10675802 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a 3D printed biocompatible micro-optofluidic (MoF) device for two-phase flow monitoring is presented. Both an air-water bi-phase flow and a two-phase mixture composed of micrometric cells suspended on a liquid solution were successfully controlled and monitored through its use. To manufacture the MoF device, a highly innovative microprecision 3D printing technique was used named Projection Microstereolithography (PμSL) in combination with the use of a novel 3D printable photocurable resin suitable for biological and biomedical applications. The concentration monitoring of biological fluids relies on the absorption phenomenon. More precisely, the nature of the transmission of the light strictly depends on the cell concentration: the higher the cell concentration, the lower the optical acquired signal. To achieve this, the microfluidic T-junction device was designed with two micrometric slots for the optical fibers' insertion, needed to acquire the light signal. In fact, both the micro-optical and the microfluidic components were integrated within the developed device. To assess the suitability of the selected biocompatible transparent resin for optical detection relying on the selected working principle (absorption phenomenon), a comparison between a two-phase flow process detected inside a previously fully characterized micro-optofluidic device made of a nonbiocompatible high-performance resin (HTL resin) and the same made of the biocompatible one (BIO resin) was carried out. In this way, it was possible to highlight the main differences between the two different resin grades, which were further justified with proper chemical analysis of the used resins and their hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature via static water contact angle measurements. A wide experimental campaign was performed for the biocompatible device manufactured through the PμSL technique in different operative conditions, i.e., different concentrations of eukaryotic yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (with a diameter of 5 μm) suspended on a PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) solution. The performed analyses revealed that the selected photocurable transparent biocompatible resin for the manufactured device can be used for cell concentration monitoring by using ad hoc 3D printed micro-optofluidic devices. In fact, by means of an optical detection system and using the optimized operating conditions, i.e., the optimal values of the flow rate FR=0.1 mL/min and laser input power P∈{1,3} mW, we were able to discriminate between biological fluids with different concentrations of suspended cells with a robust working ability R2=0.9874 and Radj2=0.9811.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Saitta
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (C.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Emanuela Cutuli
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giovanni Celano
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (C.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Claudio Tosto
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (C.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Dario Sanalitro
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesca Guarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Cicala
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (C.T.); (G.C.)
- INSTM-UDR CT, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maide Bucolo
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (M.B.)
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9
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Chen X, Zhang C, Liu X, Dong Y, Meng H, Qin X, Jiang Z, Wei X. Low-noise fluorescent detection of cardiac troponin I in human serum based on surface acoustic wave separation. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:141. [PMID: 37954038 PMCID: PMC10632424 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a life-threatening disease when sudden blockage of coronary artery occurs. As the most specific biomarker, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is usually checked separately to diagnose or eliminate AMI, and achieving the accurate detection of cTnI is of great significance to patients' life and health. Compared with other methods, fluorescent detection has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity and wide applicability. However, due to the strong fluorescence interference of biological molecules in body fluids, it is often difficult to obtain high sensitivity. In order to solve this problem, in this study, surface acoustic wave separation is designed to purify the target to achieve more sensitive detection performance of fluorescent detection. Specifically, the interference of background noise is almost completely removed on a microfluidic chip by isolating microbeads through acoustic radiation force, on which the biomarkers are captured by the immobilized detection probe. And then, the concentration of cTnI in human serum is detected by the fluorescence intensity change of the isolated functionalized beads. By this way, the detection limit of our biosensor calculated by 3σ/K method is 44 pg/mL and 0.34 ng/mL in PBS buffer and human serum respectively. Finally, the reliability of this method has been validated by comparison with clinical tests from the nephelometric analyzer in hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Chuanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Xianglian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Yangchao Dong
- Department of Microbiology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Hao Meng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004 China
| | - Xianming Qin
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071 China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
| | - Xueyong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049 China
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10
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Raihan MK, Baghdady M, Dort H, Bentor J, Xuan X. Fluid Elasticity-Enhanced Insulator-Based Dielectrophoresis for Sheath-Free Particle Focusing in Very Dilute Polymer Solutions. Anal Chem 2023; 95:16013-16020. [PMID: 37856245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Focusing particles into a narrow stream is usually a necessary step in microfluidic flow cytometry and particle sorting. We demonstrate that the addition of a small amount of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer into a buffer solution can reduce by almost 1 order of magnitude the threshold DC electric field for single-line dielectrophoretic focusing of particles in a constricted microchannel. The particle focusing effectiveness of this fluid elasticity-enhanced insulator-based dielectrophoresis (E-iDEP) in very dilute PEO solutions gets enhanced with the increase of the PEO molecular weight and particle size. These two trends are consistent with a theoretical analysis that accounts for the fluid elasticity effects on the electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic particle motions. Surprisingly, the particle-focusing effectiveness of E-iDEP is observed to first increase and then decrease with an increase in the PEO concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Kamal Raihan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Micah Baghdady
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Heston Dort
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Joseph Bentor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Xiangchun Xuan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
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11
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Kolesnik K, Segeritz P, Scott DJ, Rajagopal V, Collins DJ. Sub-wavelength acoustic stencil for tailored micropatterning. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:2447-2457. [PMID: 37042175 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Acoustofluidic devices are ideal for biomedical micromanipulation applications, with high biocompatibility and the ability to generate force gradients down to the scale of cells. However, complex and designed patterning at the microscale remains challenging. In this work we report an acoustofluidic approach to direct particles and cells within a structured surface in arbitrary configurations. Wells, trenches and cavities are embedded in this surface. Combined with a half-wavelength acoustic field, together these form an 'acoustic stencil' where arbitrary cell and particle arrangements can be reversibly generated. Here a bulk-wavemode lithium niobate resonator generates multiplexed parallel patterning via a multilayer resonant geometry, where cell-scale resolution is accomplished via structured sub-wavelength microfeatures. Uniquely, this permits simultaneous manipulation in a unidirectional, device-spanning single-node field across scalable ∼cm2 areas in a microfluidic device. This approach is demonstrated via patterning of 5, 10 and 15 μm particles and 293-F cells in a variety of arrangements, where these activities are enabling for a range of cell studies and tissue engineering applications via the generation of highly complex and designed acoustic patterns at the microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Philipp Segeritz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Victoria, Australia.
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Daniel J Scott
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Victoria, Australia.
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Victoria, Australia.
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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12
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Vachon P, Merugu S, Sharma J, Lal A, Ng EJ, Koh Y, Lee JEY, Lee C. Microfabricated acoustofluidic membrane acoustic waveguide actuator for highly localized in-droplet dynamic particle manipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1865-1878. [PMID: 36852544 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc01192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Precision manipulation techniques in microfluidics often rely on ultrasonic actuators to generate displacement and pressure fields in a liquid. However, strategies to enhance and confine the acoustofluidic forces often work against miniaturization and reproducibility in fabrication. This study presents microfabricated piezoelectric thin film membranes made via silicon diffusion for guided flexural wave generation as promising acoustofluidic actuators with low frequency, voltage, and power requirements. The guided wave propagation can be dynamically controlled to tune and confine the induced acoustofluidic radiation force and streaming. This provides for highly localized dynamic particle manipulation functionalities such as multidirectional transport, patterning, and trapping. The device combines the advantages of microfabrication and advanced acoustofluidic capabilities into a miniature "drop-and-actuate" chip that is mechanically robust and features a high degree of reproducibility for large-scale production. The membrane acoustic waveguide actuators offer a promising pathway for acoustofluidic applications such as biosensing, organoid production, and in situ analyte transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Vachon
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | | | - Amit Lal
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
| | - Eldwin J Ng
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Yul Koh
- Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Lu N, Tay HM, Petchakup C, He L, Gong L, Maw KK, Leong SY, Lok WW, Ong HB, Guo R, Li KHH, Hou HW. Label-free microfluidic cell sorting and detection for rapid blood analysis. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1226-1257. [PMID: 36655549 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00904h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Blood tests are considered as standard clinical procedures to screen for markers of diseases and health conditions. However, the complex cellular background (>99.9% RBCs) and biomolecular composition often pose significant technical challenges for accurate blood analysis. An emerging approach for point-of-care blood diagnostics is utilizing "label-free" microfluidic technologies that rely on intrinsic cell properties for blood fractionation and disease detection without any antibody binding. A growing body of clinical evidence has also reported that cellular dysfunction and their biophysical phenotypes are complementary to standard hematoanalyzer analysis (complete blood count) and can provide a more comprehensive health profiling. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in microfluidic label-free separation of different blood cell components including circulating tumor cells, leukocytes, platelets and nanoscale extracellular vesicles. Label-free single cell analysis of intrinsic cell morphology, spectrochemical properties, dielectric parameters and biophysical characteristics as novel blood-based biomarkers will also be presented. Next, we will highlight research efforts that combine label-free microfluidics with machine learning approaches to enhance detection sensitivity and specificity in clinical studies, as well as innovative microfluidic solutions which are capable of fully integrated and label-free blood cell sorting and analysis. Lastly, we will envisage the current challenges and future outlook of label-free microfluidics platforms for high throughput multi-dimensional blood cell analysis to identify non-traditional circulating biomarkers for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, 65 Nanyang Drive, Block N3, 637460, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tay
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Chayakorn Petchakup
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Linwei He
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Lingyan Gong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Kay Khine Maw
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Sheng Yuan Leong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Wan Wei Lok
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Hong Boon Ong
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
| | - Ruya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - King Ho Holden Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, 65 Nanyang Drive, Block N3, 637460, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Blk N3, Level 2, Room 86 (N3-02c-86), 639798, Singapore.
- HP-NTU Digital Manufacturing Corporate Lab, Nanyang Technological University, 65 Nanyang Drive, Block N3, 637460, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Clinical Sciences Building, 308232, Singapore
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14
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Huang J, Ren X, Zhou Q, Zhou J, Xu Z. Flexible acoustic lens-based surface acoustic wave device for manipulation and directional transport of micro-particles. ULTRASONICS 2023; 128:106865. [PMID: 36260963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics is an emerging technology that is playing increasingly important roles in biomedical and pharmaceutical research and development. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) have been combined with microfluidics technology to establish a SAW-based microfluidics technology that uses the unique interaction between the two techniques to manipulate substances effectively in fluids on the surface of a substrate. This paper reports a method to generate SAWs using conventional planar ultrasonic transducers and acoustic lenses. Additionally, this method is introduced to manipulate particles effectively on a substrate surface. It is demonstrated that the particle positions can be manipulated precisely in any direction on the substrate surface, thus enabling high-precision particle manipulation. We also proposed the generation of nonplanar SAWs via appropriate design of the acoustic lens and realized directional particle transport. In addition, structures to enhance forward-propagating acoustic beams are proposed. The proposed method has potential for use in microfluidics and biomedical applications, allowing tasks such as flexible cell manipulation on a chip to be performed without complex design or micromachining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xuemei Ren
- Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qinxin Zhou
- Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Junhe Zhou
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, PR China.
| | - Zheng Xu
- Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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15
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Huang L, Zhou J, Kong D, Li F. Phononic-Crystal-Based Particle Sieving in Continuous Flow: Numerical Simulations. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:2181. [PMID: 36557480 PMCID: PMC9781879 DOI: 10.3390/mi13122181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sieving specific particles from mixed samples is of great value in fields such as biochemistry and additive manufacturing. In this study, a particle sieving method for microfluidics was proposed based on a phononic crystal plate (PCP), the mechanism of which originates from the competition between the trapping effect of the resonant PCP-induced acoustic radiation force (ARF), disturbance effect of acoustic streaming (AS), and flushing effect of the continuous inlet flow on particles suspended in microfluidic channels. Specifically, particles with different sizes could be separated under inlet flow conditions owing to ARF and AS drag forces as functions of the particle diameter, incident acoustic pressure, and driving frequency. Furthermore, a comprehensive numerical analysis was performed to investigate the impacts of ARF, AS, and inlet flow conditions on the particle motion and sieving efficiency, and to explore proper operating parameters, including the acoustic pressure and inlet flow velocity. It was found that, for each inlet flow velocity, there was an optimal acoustic pressure allowing us to achieve the maximum sieving efficiency, but the sieving efficiency at a low flow velocity was not as good as that at a high flow velocity. Although a PCP with a high resonant frequency could weaken the AS, thereby suiting the sieving of small particles (<5 μm), a low channel height corresponding to a high frequency limits the throughput. Therefore, it is necessary to design a PCP with a suitable resonant frequency based on the size of the particles to be sieved. This investigation can provide guidance for the design of massive acoustic sorting mi-crofluidic devices based on phononic crystals or acoustic metamaterials under continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laixin Huang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Deqing Kong
- Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fei Li
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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16
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Zhang J, Chen C, Becker R, Rufo J, Yang S, Mai J, Zhang P, Gu Y, Wang Z, Ma Z, Xia J, Hao N, Tian Z, Wong DT, Sadovsky Y, Lee LP, Huang TJ. A solution to the biophysical fractionation of extracellular vesicles: Acoustic Nanoscale Separation via Wave-pillar Excitation Resonance (ANSWER). SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eade0640. [PMID: 36417505 PMCID: PMC9683722 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-precision isolation of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from biofluids is essential toward developing next-generation liquid biopsies and regenerative therapies. However, current methods of sEV separation require specialized equipment and time-consuming protocols and have difficulties producing highly pure subpopulations of sEVs. Here, we present Acoustic Nanoscale Separation via Wave-pillar Excitation Resonance (ANSWER), which allows single-step, rapid (<10 min), high-purity (>96% small exosomes, >80% exomeres) fractionation of sEV subpopulations from biofluids without the need for any sample preprocessing. Particles are iteratively deflected in a size-selective manner via an excitation resonance. This previously unidentified phenomenon generates patterns of virtual, tunable, pillar-like acoustic field in a fluid using surface acoustic waves. Highly precise sEV fractionation without the need for sample preprocessing or complex nanofabrication methods has been demonstrated using ANSWER, showing potential as a powerful tool that will enable more in-depth studies into the complexity, heterogeneity, and functionality of sEV subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Chuyi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Ryan Becker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Joseph Rufo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - John Mai
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Peiran Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yuyang Gu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhehan Ma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jianping Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Nanjing Hao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - David T. W. Wong
- School of Dentistry and the Departments of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Luke P. Lee
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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17
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Recent advances of integrated microfluidic systems for fungal and bacterial analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Cole T, Zheng J, Bayinqiaoge, Guo J, Tang SY. Microfluidic flow cytometry for blood-based biomarker analysis. Analyst 2022; 147:2895-2917. [PMID: 35611964 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00283c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry has proven its capability for rapid and quantitative analysis of individual cells and the separation of targeted biological samples from others. The emerging microfluidics technology makes it possible to develop portable microfluidic diagnostic devices for point-of-care testing (POCT) applications. Microfluidic flow cytometry (MFCM), where flow cytometry and microfluidics are combined to achieve similar or even superior functionalities on microfluidic chips, provides a powerful single-cell characterisation and sorting tool for various biological samples. In recent years, researchers have made great progress in the development of the MFCM including focusing, detecting, and sorting subsystems, and its unique capabilities have been demonstrated in various biological applications. Moreover, liquid biopsy using blood can provide various physiological and pathological information. Thus, biomarkers from blood are regarded as meaningful circulating transporters of signal molecules or particles and have great potential to be used as non (or minimally)-invasive diagnostic tools. In this review, we summarise the recent progress of the key subsystems for MFCM and its achievements in blood-based biomarker analysis. Finally, foresight is offered to highlight the research challenges faced by MFCM in expanding into blood-based POCT applications, potentially yielding commercialisation opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Ying Zhao
- National Chengdu Centre of Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tim Cole
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jiahao Zheng
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Bayinqiaoge
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jinhong Guo
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, #1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Shi-Yang Tang
- Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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19
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Hawkes JJ, Maramizonouz S, Jia C, Rahmati M, Zheng T, McDonnell MB, Fu YQ. Node formation mechanisms in acoustofluidic capillary bridges. ULTRASONICS 2022; 121:106690. [PMID: 35091124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2022.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using acoustofluidic channels formed by capillary bridges two models are developed to describe nodes formed by leaky and by evanescent waves. The liquid channel held between a microscope slide (waveguide) and a strip of polystyrene film (fluid guide) avoids solid-sidewall interactions. With this simplification, our experimental and numerical study showed that waves emitted from a single plane surface, interfere and form the nodes without any resonance in the fluid. Both models pay particular attention to tensor elements normal to the solid-liquid interfaces they find that; initially nodes form in the solid and the node pattern is replicated by waves emitted into the fluid from antinodes in the stress. At fluids depths near half an acoustic wavelength, most nodes are formed by leaky waves. In the glass, water-loading reduces node-node separation and forms an overlay type waveguide which aligns the nodes predominantly along the channel. One new practical insight is that node separation can be controlled by water depth. At 0.2 mm water depths (which are smaller than a ¼ wavelength) nodes form from evanescent waves. Here a suspension of yeast cells formed a pattern of small dot-like clumps of cells on the surface of the polystyrene film. We found the same pattern in sound intensity normal, and close, to the water-polystyrene interface. The capillary bridge channel developed for this study is simple, low-cost, and could be developed for filtration, separation, or patterning of biological species in rapid immuno-sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Hawkes
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Sadaf Maramizonouz
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Changfeng Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Tengfei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Martin B McDonnell
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Yong-Qing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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20
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Chen T, Huang C, Wang Y, Wu J. Microfluidic methods for cell separation and subsequent analysis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Xu M, Lee PVS, Collins DJ. Microfluidic acoustic sawtooth metasurfaces for patterning and separation using traveling surface acoustic waves. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 22:90-99. [PMID: 34860222 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00711d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a sawtooth-based metasurface approach for flexibly orienting acoustic fields in a microfluidic device driven by surface acoustic waves (SAW), where sub-wavelength channel features can be used to arbitrarily steer acoustic fringes in a microchannel. Compared to other acoustofluidic methods, only a single travelling wave is used, the fluidic pressure field is decoupled from the fluid domain's shape, and steerable pressure fields are a function of a simply constructed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) metasurface shape. Our results are relevant to microfluidic applications including the patterning, concentration, focusing, and separation of microparticles and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter V S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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22
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Ugawa M, Lee H, Baasch T, Lee M, Kim S, Jeong O, Choi YH, Sohn D, Laurell T, Ota S, Lee S. Reduced acoustic resonator dimensions improve focusing efficiency of bacteria and submicron particles. Analyst 2021; 147:274-281. [PMID: 34889326 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01891d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate an acoustofluidic device that enables single-file focusing of submicron particles and bacteria using a two-dimensional (2D) acoustic standing wave. The device consists of a 100 μm × 100 μm square channel that supports 2D particle focusing in the channel center at an actuation frequency of 7.39 MHz. This higher actuation frequency compared with conventional bulk acoustic systems enables radiation-force-dominant motion of submicron particles and overcomes the classical size limitation (≈2 μm) of acoustic focusing. We present acoustic radiation force-based focusing of particles with diameters less than 0.5 μm at a flow rate of 12 μL min-1, and 1.33 μm particles at flow rates up to 80 μL min-1. The device focused 0.25 μm particles by the 2D acoustic radiation force while undergoing a channel cross-section centered, single-vortex acoustic streaming. A suspension of bacteria was also investigated to evaluate the biological relevance of the device, which demonstrated the alignment of bacteria in the channel at a flow rate of up to 20 μL min-1. The developed acoustofluidic device can align submicron particles within a narrow flow stream in a highly robust manner, validating its use as a flow-through focusing chamber to perform high-throughput and accurate flow cytometry of submicron objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Ugawa
- RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 153-8904, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hoyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Thierry Baasch
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Lund University, 22363, Lund, Sweden
| | - Minho Lee
- School of integrative engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Soyun Kim
- Convergence Research Institute, Korea University, 02841, Seoul, Korea.,PCL Inc., 05854, Seoul, Korea
| | - OkChan Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae-si, 50834, Korea
| | | | - Daewon Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Thomas Laurell
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Lund University, 22363, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sadao Ota
- RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 153-8904, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - SangWook Lee
- RCAST, The University of Tokyo, 153-8904, Tokyo, Japan. .,Bio-health Product Research Center, Inje University, Gimhae-si, 50834, Korea
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23
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Zhao SK, Hu XJ, Zhu JM, Luo ZY, Liang L, Yang DY, Chen YL, Chen LF, Zheng YJ, Hu QH, Zheng JJ, Guo SS, Cheng YX, Zhou FL, Yang Y. On-chip rapid drug screening of leukemia cells by acoustic streaming. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4005-4015. [PMID: 34476431 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00684c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and personalized single-cell drug screening testing plays an essential role in acute myeloid leukemia drug combination chemotherapy. Conventional chemotherapeutic drug screening is a time-consuming process because of the natural resistance of cell membranes to drugs, and there are still great challenges related to using technologies that change membrane permeability such as sonoporation in high-throughput and precise single-cell drug screening with minimal damage. In this study, we proposed an acoustic streaming-based non-invasive single-cell drug screening acceleration method, using high-frequency acoustic waves (>10 MHz) in a concentration gradient microfluidic device. High-frequency acoustics leads to increased difficulties in inducing cavitation and generates acoustic streaming around each single cell. Therefore, single-cell membrane permeability is non-invasively increased by the acoustic pressure and acoustic streaming-induced shear force, which significantly improves the drug uptake process. In the experiment, single human myeloid leukemia mononuclear (THP-1) cells were trapped by triangle cell traps in concentration gradient chips with different cytarabine (Ara-C) drug concentrations. Due to this dual acoustic effect, the drugs affect cell viability in less than 30 min, which is faster than traditional methods (usually more than 24 h). This dual acoustic effect-based drug delivery strategy has the potential to save time and reduce the cost of drug screening, when combined with microfluidic technology for multi-concentration drug screening. This strategy offers enormous potential for use in multiple drug screening or efficient drug combination screening in individualized/personalized treatments, which can greatly improve efficiency and reduce costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Kun Zhao
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xue-Jia Hu
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jiao-Meng Zhu
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zi-Yi Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Li Liang
- College of Physics and Electronic Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Hefei 241000, China
| | - Dong-Yong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yan-Ling Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Long-Fei Chen
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ya-Jing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Qing-Hao Hu
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zheng
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shi-Shang Guo
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yan-Xiang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Fu-Ling Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Physics & Technology, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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24
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Kolesnik K, Hashemzadeh P, Peng D, Stamp MEM, Tong W, Rajagopal V, Miansari M, Collins DJ. Periodic Rayleigh streaming vortices and Eckart flow arising from traveling-wave-based diffractive acoustic fields. Phys Rev E 2021; 104:045104. [PMID: 34781567 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.104.045104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that periodic time-averaged acoustic fields can be produced from traveling surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in microfluidic devices. This is caused by diffractive effects arising from a spatially limited transducer. This permits the generation of acoustic patterns evocative of those produced from standing waves, but instead with the application of a traveling wave. While acoustic pressure fields in such systems have been investigated, acoustic streaming from diffractive fields has not. In this work we examine this phenomenon and demonstrate the appearance of geometry-dependent acoustic vortices, and demonstrate that periodic, identically rotating Rayleigh streaming vortices result from the imposition of a traveling SAW. This is also characterized by a channel-spanning flow that bridges between adjacent vortices along the channel top and bottom. We find that the channel dimensions determine the types of streaming that develops; while Eckart streaming has been previously presumed to be a distinguishing feature of traveling-wave actuation, we show that Rayleigh streaming vortices also results. This has implications for microfluidic actuation, where traveling acoustic waves have applications in microscale mixing, separation, and patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Pouya Hashemzadeh
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, 47138-18983 Babol, Iran
| | - Danli Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Melanie E M Stamp
- Department of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Cognitive Interaction Technology Center (CITEC) Research Institute, Bielefeld University, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Morteza Miansari
- Micro+Nanosystems & Applied Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box 484, Babol, Iran
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Isar 11, 47138-18983 Babol, Iran
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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25
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Tayebi M, Yang D, Collins DJ, Ai Y. Deterministic Sorting of Submicrometer Particles and Extracellular Vesicles Using a Combined Electric and Acoustic Field. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:6835-6842. [PMID: 34355908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sorting of extracellular vesicles has important applications in early stage diagnostics. Current exosome isolation techniques, however, suffer from being costly, having long processing times, and producing low purities. Recent work has shown that active sorting via acoustic and electric fields are useful techniques for microscale separation activities, where combining these has the potential to take advantage of multiple force mechanisms simultaneously. In this work, we demonstrate an approach using both electrical and acoustic forces to manipulate bioparticles and submicrometer particles for deterministic sorting, where we find that the concurrent application of dielectrophoretic (DEP) and acoustophoretic forces decreases the critical diameter at which particles can be separated. We subsequently utilize this approach to sort subpopulations of extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes (<200 nm) and microvesicles (>300 nm). Using our combined acoustic/electric approach, we demonstrate exosome purification with more than 95% purity and 81% recovery, well above comparable approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoush Tayebi
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Dahou Yang
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vitctoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ye Ai
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
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26
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Kolesnik K, Xu M, Lee PVS, Rajagopal V, Collins DJ. Unconventional acoustic approaches for localized and designed micromanipulation. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2837-2856. [PMID: 34268539 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00378j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic fields are ideal for micromanipulation, being biocompatible and with force gradients approaching the scale of single cells. They have accordingly found use in a variety of microfluidic devices, including for microscale patterning, separation, and mixing. The bulk of work in acoustofluidics has been predicated on the formation of standing waves that form periodic nodal positions along which suspended particles and cells are aligned. An evolving range of applications, however, requires more targeted micromanipulation to create unique patterns and effects. To this end, recent work has made important advances in improving the flexibility with which acoustic fields can be applied, impressively demonstrating generating arbitrary arrangements of pressure fields, spatially localizing acoustic fields and selectively translating individual particles in ways that are not achievable via traditional approaches. In this critical review we categorize and examine these advances, each of which open the door to a wide range of applications in which single-cell fidelity and flexible micromanipulation are advantageous, including for tissue engineering, diagnostic devices, high-throughput sorting and microfabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kolesnik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Mingxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Peter V S Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Vijay Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - David J Collins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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27
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Gopalakrishnan S, Pan S, Fernandez A, Lee J, Bai Y, Wang LS, Thayumanavan S, Duan X, Rotello VM. Hypersound-Assisted Size Sorting of Microparticles on Inkjet-Patterned Protein Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2826-2832. [PMID: 33577731 PMCID: PMC10590123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic approaches are important for biomedical diagnostics, chemical analysis, and a broad range of industrial applications. Size-based separation and sorting is an important tool for these applications. We report the integration of hypersound technology with patterned protein films to provide efficient sorting of microparticles based on particle charge and size. We employed a hypersonic resonator for the acoustic streaming of the fluidic system to generate microvortices that exert drag forces on the objects on the surface that are dictated by their radius of curvature. We demonstrate a size-based sorting of anionic silica particles using protein patterns and gradients fabricated using attractive cationic and repulsive anionic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuting Pan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ann Fernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Jonathan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
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28
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Aghakhani A, Cetin H, Erkoc P, Tombak GI, Sitti M. Flexural wave-based soft attractor walls for trapping microparticles and cells. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:582-596. [PMID: 33355319 PMCID: PMC7612665 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00865f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic manipulation of microparticles and cells, called acoustophoresis, inside microfluidic systems has significant potential in biomedical applications. In particular, using acoustic radiation force to push microscopic objects toward the wall surfaces has an important role in enhancing immunoassays, particle sensors, and recently microrobotics. In this paper, we report a flexural-wave based acoustofluidic system for trapping micron-sized particles and cells at the soft wall boundaries. By exciting a standard microscope glass slide (1 mm thick) at its resonance frequencies <200 kHz, we show the wall-trapping action in sub-millimeter-size rectangular and circular cross-sectional channels. For such low-frequency excitation, the acoustic wavelength can range from 10-150 times the microchannel width, enabling a wide design space for choosing the channel width and position on the substrate. Using the system-level acousto-structural simulations, we confirm the acoustophoretic motion of particles near the walls, which is governed by the competing acoustic radiation and streaming forces. Finally, we investigate the performance of the wall-trapping acoustofluidic setup in attracting the motile cells, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae, toward the soft boundaries. Furthermore, the rotation of microalgae at the sidewalls and trap-escape events under pulsed ultrasound are demonstrated. The flexural-wave driven acoustofluidic system described here provides a biocompatible, versatile, and label-free approach to attract particles and cells toward the soft walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Aghakhani
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Hakan Cetin
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. and Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Özyeğin University, 34794 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Erkoc
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. and Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, 34353 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Guney Isik Tombak
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. and Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Boğaziçi University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland and School of Medicine and School of Engineering, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
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