1
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Lu Y, Zhang R, Hong Z, Liang P, Liao R, Wang F. Light-triggered transformation of stilbene supramolecular polymers: thermodynamic versus kinetic control. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8585-8588. [PMID: 39045673 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01977f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Light irradiation of stilbene supramolecular polymers produces [2+2] cycloadducts in the kinetically trapped state, which convert to the thermodynamically favorable state upon thermal annealing due to the shift of hydrogen bonds from intra- to inter-complexation modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Zhilong Hong
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Pingping Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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2
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Dünnebacke T, Niemeyer N, Baumert S, Hochstädt S, Borsdorf L, Hansen MR, Neugebauer J, Fernández G. Molecular and supramolecular adaptation by coupled stimuli. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5695. [PMID: 38972878 PMCID: PMC11228013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptation transcends scale in both natural and artificial systems, but delineating the causative factors of this phenomenon requires urgent clarification. Herein, we unravel the molecular requirements for adaptation and establish a link to rationalize adaptive behavior on a self-assembled level. These concepts are established by analyzing a model compound exhibiting both light- and pH-responsive units, which enable the combined or independent application of different stimuli. On a molecular level, adaptation arises from coupled stimuli, as the final outcome of the system depends on their sequence of application. However, in a self-assembled state, a single stimulus suffices to induce adaptation as a result of collective molecular behavior and the reversibility of non-covalent interactions. Our findings go beyond state-of-the-art (multi)stimuli-responsive systems and allow us to draw up design guidelines for adaptive behavior both at the molecular and supramolecular levels, which are fundamental criteria for the realization of intelligent matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Dünnebacke
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas Niemeyer
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Baumert
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hochstädt
- Universität Münster, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Lorenz Borsdorf
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Universität Münster, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
- Universität Münster, Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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3
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Han T, Ren J, Jiang S, Wang F, Tian Y. Achieving Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence through Noncovalent Clipping of Metallotweezers. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11523-11530. [PMID: 38860921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized phosphorescent materials, based on host-guest complexation, have received significant attention due to their outstanding emission performance in solutions. Recent studies have primarily focused on macrocyclic host-guest complexes. To broaden the scope of this research, there is a keen pursuit of developing novel chiral phosphorescent host-guest systems. Metallotweezers with square-planar d8 transition metal complexes emerge as promising candidates for achieving this objective. Specifically, metallotweezers, comprising platinum(II) terpyridine and gold(III) diphenylpyridine pincers on a diphenylpyridine scaffold, have been designed and synthesized. Due to the preorganization effect rendered by the diphenylpyridine scaffold, the resulting metallotweezers are capable of complexing with each other and forming quadruple stacking structures. The phosphorescent emission is enhanced owing to the synergistic rigidifying and shielding effects. Meanwhile, the steric effect of chiral (1R) pinene units on the platinum(II) terpyridine pincers results in a stereospecific twist for the quadruple stacking structures. Thus, the chirality transfers from the molecular to the supramolecular level. By a combination of phosphorescent enhancement and supramolecular chirality for the clipping complex, circularly polarized phosphorescent emission is achieved. Overall, noncovalent clipping of metallotweezers exemplified in the current study presents a novel and effective approach toward solution-processable circularly polarized phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sixun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yukui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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4
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Chen Y, Liu C. Strategies for Synthesizing Supramolecular Block Copolymers. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300623. [PMID: 38095487 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, controlled supramolecular polymerization has been extensively studied and gradually shifted to supramolecular block copolymerization. Supramolecular block copolymers (BCPs) are considered the holy grail for developing supramolecular materials with new functionalities due to their fascinating structures and ability to introduce diverse functions. From a thermodynamic view to kinetic aspects, great progress has been made in the synthetic strategies of BCPs in the past few years. This Concept summarizes various strategies to realize supramolecular block copolymerization. The focus is on providing researchers with a methodological basis for achieving heterogeneous nucleation-elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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5
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Fernández Z, Sánchez L, Santhosh Babu S, Fernández G. Oligo(phenyleneethynylene)s: Shape-Tunable Building Blocks for Supramolecular Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402259. [PMID: 38421233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Oligo(phenyleneethynylene)s (OPEs) have attracted widespread attention due to their remarkable (opto)electronic and photophysical properties, which have enabled numerous applications. The versatile functionalization possibilities of OPEs make them unique candidates to form various shape-persistent geometries, including linear, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal and macrocyclic. However, as a result of this structural variety, it is oftentimes challenging to correlate molecular design with self-assembly properties. In this minireview, we have classified OPEs based on their molecular shapes and correlated them with their self-assembly behavior in solution. Particularly, we provide important insights into the aggregation propensity of the different molecular shapes and how to tune the association strength using various non-covalent interactions. Our classification will enable a better understanding of the structure-property correlation in OPEs, which is key to develop supramolecular functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Fernández
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
- CSIR, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, 411008, Pune, India
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
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6
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Rey-Tarrío F, Simón-Fuente S, Cuerva JM, Miguel D, Ribagorda M, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Metallo-Supramolecular Helical Fibres from Chiral Phenylacetylene Monomers: Cation Induced Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318454. [PMID: 38185794 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Chiral metallo-supramolecular fibres can be easily obtained by mixing a chloroform solution of a phenylacetylene monomer (PA) that bears a chiral sulfoxide group as pendant, with different equivalents of a methanolic solution of AgClO4 . Thus, while the PA is found molecularly dissolved in chloroform, the addition of Ag+ ions induce its aggregation through the formation of an axially chiral metallo-supramolecular aggregate with high thermal stable properties. In this case, the ability of the metal ion to coordinate the PA triple bond, combined with the argentophilicity of the metal ion and the planarity of the phenylacetylene drives to the formation of a helical coordination polymer, whose P or M axial chirality is determined by the chirality of the sulfoxide used as substituent of the PA. Depending on the PA/Ag+ (mol/mol) ratio, it is possible to tune the morphology of the metallo-supramolecular aggregate from chiral fibers to chiral gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rey-Tarrío
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Simón-Fuente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Cuerva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Unidad de Excelencia de Química Aplicada a la Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Delia Miguel
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada (UGR, UEQ), 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Ribagorda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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7
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Manha Veedu R, Niemeyer N, Bäumer N, Kartha Kalathil K, Neugebauer J, Fernández G. Sterically Allowed H-type Supramolecular Polymerizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314211. [PMID: 37797248 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of π-conjugated scaffolds with sterically demanding substituents is a widely used tactic to suppress cofacial (H-type) stacking interactions, which may even inhibit self-assembly. Contrary to expectations, we demonstrate herein that increasing steric effects can result in an enhanced thermodynamic stability of H-type supramolecular polymers. In our approach, we have investigated two boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes with bulky phenyl (2) and mesityl (3) meso-substituents and compared their self-assembly in nonpolar media with that of a parent meso-methyl BODIPY 1 lacking bulky groups. While the enhanced steric demand induces pathway complexity, the superior thermodynamic stability of the H-type pathways can be rationalized in terms of additional enthalpic gain arising from intermolecular C-H⋅⋅⋅F-B interactions of the orthogonally arranged aromatic substituents, which overrule their inherent steric demand. Our findings underline the importance of balancing competing non-covalent interactions in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasitha Manha Veedu
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Niklas Niemeyer
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Krishnan Kartha Kalathil
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Universität Münster, Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
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8
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Yao Q, Liu R, Yang Z, Wei J. Using a molecular additive to control chiral supramolecular assembly and the subsequent chirality transfer process. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8680-8683. [PMID: 37916423 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01211e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical assembly of chiral molecules is achieved through the introduction of molecular additives, which enables the chiral assembly of nanosheets into helical nanorods with inverted chirality. Moreover, the hierarchical assembly of chiral molecules in the presence of a molecular additive can lead to the subsequent chirality transfer from a molecular system to nanoparticle assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Rongjuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Jingjing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P.R. China.
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9
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Wei W, Wang J, Kang X, Li H, He Q, Chang G, Bu W. Synthesis, supramolecular aggregation, and NIR-II phosphorescence of isocyanorhodium(i) zwitterions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11490-11498. [PMID: 37886099 PMCID: PMC10599467 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03508e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of new second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) luminophores is highly desirable, and d8 square-planar metal complexes with NIR-II phosphorescence have been rarely reported. Herein, we explore an asymmetric coordination paradigm to achieve the first creation of NIR-II phosphorescent isocyanorhodium(i) zwitterions. They show a strong tendency for aggregation in solution, arising from close Rh(i)⋯Rh(i) contacts that are further intensified by π-π stacking interactions and the hydrophilic-hydrophobic effect. Based on such supramolecular aggregation, zwitterions 2 and 5 are found to yield NIR-II phosphorescence emissions centered at 1005 and 1120 (1210, shoulder) nm in methanol-water mixed solvents, respectively. These two bands show red shifts to 1070 and 1130 (1230, shoulder) nm in the corresponding polymer nanoparticles in water. The resulting polymer nanoparticles can brighten in vivo tumor issues in the NIR-II region with a long-circulating time. In view of the synthetic diversity established by the asymmetric coordination paradigm, this work provides an extraordinary opportunity to explore NIR-II luminophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China Hengyang 421001 China
| | - Xiaomei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Haoquan Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Qun He
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Guanjun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Energy Materials & School of Material Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 China
| | - Weifeng Bu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China
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10
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Rey-Tarrío F, Quiñoá E, Fernández G, Freire F. Multi-chiral materials comprising metallosupramolecular and covalent helical polymers containing five axial motifs within a helix. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3348. [PMID: 37291098 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular and covalent polymers share multiple structural effects such as communication mechanisms among monomer repeating units, which are related to their axial helical structure. Herein, a unique multi-helical material combining information from both metallosupramolecular and covalent helical polymers is presented. In this system, the helical structure described by the poly(acetylene) (PA) backbone (cis-cisoidal, cis-transoidal) guides the pendant groups in a fashion where a tilting degree emerges between a pendant and the adjacent ones. As a result, a multi-chiral material is formed comprising four or five axial motifs when the polyene skeleton adopts either a cis-transoidal or cis-cisoidal configuration: the two coaxial helices-internal and external-and the two or three chiral axial motifs described by the bispyridyldichlorido PtII complex array. These results show that complex multi-chiral materials can be obtained by polymerizing appropriate monomers that combine both point chirality and the ability to generate chiral supramolecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rey-Tarrío
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- University of Münster, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Félix Freire
- Research Center in Biological Chemistry and Molecular Materials (CiQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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11
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Somasundaran SM, Kompella SVK, Mohan T M N, Das S, Abdul Vahid A, Vijayan V, Balasubramanian S, Thomas KG. Structurally Induced Chirality of an Achiral Chromophore on Self-Assembled Nanofibers: A Twist Makes It Chiral. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37220308 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The surface domains of self-assembled amphiphiles are well-organized and can perform many physical, chemical, and biological functions. Here, we present the significance of chiral surface domains of these self-assemblies in transferring chirality to achiral chromophores. These aspects are probed using l- and d-isomers of alkyl alanine amphiphiles which self-assemble in water as nanofibers, possessing a negative surface charge. When bound on these nanofibers, positively charged cyanine dyes (CY524 and CY600), each having two quinoline rings bridged by conjugated double bonds, show contrasting chiroptical features. Interestingly, CY600 displays a bisignated circular dichroic (CD) signal with mirror-image symmetry, while CY524 is CD silent. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the model cylindrical micelles (CM) derived from the two isomers exhibit surface chirality and the chromophores are buried as monomers in mirror-imaged pockets on their surfaces. The monomeric nature of template-bound chromophores and their binding reversibility are established by concentration- and temperature-dependent spectroscopies and calorimetry. On the CM, CY524 displays two equally populated conformers with opposite sense, whereas CY600 is present as two pairs of twisted conformers in each of which one is in excess, due to differences in weak dye-amphiphile hydrogen bonding interactions. Infrared and NMR spectroscopies support these findings. Reduction of electronic conjugation caused by the twist establishes the two quinoline rings as independent entities. On-resonance coupling between the transition dipoles of these units generates bisignated CD signals with mirror-image symmetry. The results presented herein provide insight on the little-known structurally induced chirality of achiral chromophores through transfer of chiral surface information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoop Mambully Somasundaran
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Srinath V K Kompella
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Nila Mohan T M
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Sudip Das
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Arshad Abdul Vahid
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Vinesh Vijayan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Sundaram Balasubramanian
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - K George Thomas
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Vithura, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
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12
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Borsdorf L, Herkert L, Bäumer N, Rubert L, Soberats B, Korevaar PA, Bourque C, Gatsogiannis C, Fernández G. Pathway-Controlled Aqueous Supramolecular Polymerization via Solvent-Dependent Chain Conformation Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:8882-8895. [PMID: 37053499 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Solute-solvent interactions play a critical role in multiple fields, including biology, materials science, and (physical) organic, polymer, and supramolecular chemistry. Within the growing field of supramolecular polymer science, these interactions have been recognized as an important driving force for (entropically driven) intermolecular association, particularly in aqueous media. However, to date, solute-solvent effects remain poorly understood in the context of complex self-assembly energy landscapes and pathway complexity. Herein, we unravel the role of solute-solvent interactions in controlling chain conformation effects, allowing energy landscape modulation and pathway selection in aqueous supramolecular polymerization. To this end, we have designed a series of oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE)-based bolaamphiphilic Pt(II) complexes OPE2-4 bearing solubilizing triethylene glycol (TEG) chains of equal length on both molecule ends, but a different size of the hydrophobic aromatic scaffold. Strikingly, detailed self-assembly studies in aqueous media disclose a different tendency of the TEG chains to fold back and enwrap the hydrophobic molecular component depending on both the size of the core and the volume fraction of the co-solvent (THF). The relatively small hydrophobic component of OPE2 can be readily shielded by the TEG chains, leading to only one aggregation pathway. In contrast, the decreased capability of the TEG chains to effectively shield larger hydrophobic cores (OPE3 and OPE4) enables different types of solvent quality-dependent conformations (extended, partly back-folded and back-folded), which in turn induce various controllable aggregation pathways with distinct morphologies and mechanisms. Our results shed light on previously underappreciated solvent-dependent chain conformation effects and their role in governing pathway complexity in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Borsdorf
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lorena Herkert
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Llorenç Rubert
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Iles Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Iles Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Peter A Korevaar
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cole Bourque
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christos Gatsogiannis
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Matarranz B, Díaz‐Cabrera S, Ghosh G, Carreira‐Barral I, Soberats B, García‐Valverde M, Quesada R, Fernández G. Anticooperative Supramolecular Oligomerization Mediated by V‐Shaped Monomer Design and Unconventional Hydrogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202218555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Matarranz
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Sandra Díaz‐Cabrera
- Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Burgos 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - María García‐Valverde
- Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Burgos 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Burgos 09001 Burgos Spain
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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14
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Khanra P, Singh AK, Roy L, Das A. Pathway Complexity in Supramolecular Copolymerization and Blocky Star Copolymers by a Hetero-Seeding Effect. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5270-5284. [PMID: 36797682 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
This study unravels the intricate kinetic and thermodynamic pathways involved in the supramolecular copolymerization of the two chiral dipolar naphthalene monoimide (NMI) building blocks (O-NMI and S-NMI), differing merely by a single heteroatom (oxygen vs sulfur). O-NMI exhibits distinct supramolecular polymerization features as compared to S-NMI in terms of its pathway complexity, hierarchical organization, and chiroptical properties. Two distinct self-assembly pathways in O-NMI occur due to the interplay between the competing dipolar interactions among the NMI chromophores and amide-amide hydrogen (H)-bonding that engenders distinct nanotapes and helical fibers, from its antiparallel and parallel stacking modes, respectively. In contrast, the propensity of S-NMI to form only a stable spherical assembly is ascribed to its much stronger amide-amide H-bonding, which outperforms other competing interactions. Under the thermodynamic route, an equimolar mixture of the two monomers generates a temporally controlled chiral statistical supramolecular copolymer that autocatalytically evolves from an initially formed metastable spherical heterostructure. In contrast, the sequence-controlled addition of the two monomers leads to the kinetically driven hetero-seeded block copolymerization. The ability to trap O-NMI in a metastable state allows its secondary nucleation from the surface of the thermodynamically stable S-NMI spherical "seed", which leads to the core-multiarmed "star" copolymer with reversibly and temporally controllable length of the growing O-NMI "arms" from the S-NMI "core". Unlike the one-dimensional self-assembly of O-NMI and its random co-assembly with S-NMI, which are both chiral, unprecedentedly, the preferred helical bias of the nucleating O-NMI fibers is completely inhibited by the absence of stereoregularity of the S-NMI "seed" in the "star" topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Khanra
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ajeet Kumar Singh
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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15
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Li Z, Xiao K, Wan Q, Tang R, Low KH, Cui X, Che CM. Controlled Self-assembly of Gold(I) Complexes by Multiple Kinetic Aggregation States with Nonlinear Optical and Waveguide Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216523. [PMID: 36484771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of multiple kinetic aggregation states (Aggs) into the self-assembly pathway could bring complexity and flexibility to the self-assemblies, which is difficult to realize due to the delicate equilibria established among different Aggs bonded by weak noncovalent interactions. Here, we describe a series of chiral and achiral d10 AuI bis(N-heterocyclic carbene, NHC) complexes, and the achiral complex could undergo self-assembly with multiple kinetic Aggs. Generation of multiple kinetic Aggs was realized by applying chiral or achiral seeds exhibiting large differences in elongation temperatures for their respective cooperative self-assembly processes. We further showed that the chiral AuI self-assemblies having non-centrosymmetric packing forms exhibit nonlinear optical response of second harmonic generation (SHG), while the SHG signal is absent in the achiral analogue. The crystalline achiral AuI self-assemblies could function as optical waveguides with strong emission polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshang Li
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodong Cui
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, 518057, China.,Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited Units 909-915, Building 17W, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Matarranz B, Díaz-Cabrera S, Ghosh G, Carreira-Barral I, Soberats B, García-Valverde M, Quesada R, Fernández G. Anticooperative Supramolecular Oligomerization Mediated by V-Shaped Monomer Design and Unconventional Hydrogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218555. [PMID: 36828774 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
After more than three decades of extensive investigations on supramolecular polymers, strategies for self-limiting growth still remain challenging. Herein, we exploit a new V-shaped monomer design to achieve anticooperatively formed oligomers with superior robustness and high luminescence. In toluene, the monomer-oligomer equilibrium is shifted to the monomer side, enabling the elucidation of the molecular packing modes and the resulting (weak) anticooperativity. Steric effects associated with an antiparallel staircase organization of the dyes are proposed to outcompete aromatic and unconventional B-F⋅⋅⋅H-N/C interactions, restricting the growth at the stage of oligomers. In methylcyclohexane (MCH), the packing modes and the anticooperativity are preserved; however, pronounced solvophobic and chain-enwrapping effects lead to thermally ultrastable oligomers. Our results shed light on understanding anticooperative effects and restricted growth in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Matarranz
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sandra Díaz-Cabrera
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Israel Carreira-Barral
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra., Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - María García-Valverde
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany
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17
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Fukaya N, Ogi S, Sotome H, Fujimoto KJ, Yanai T, Bäumer N, Fernández G, Miyasaka H, Yamaguchi S. Impact of Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Balance on Aggregation Pathways, Morphologies, and Excited-State Dynamics of Amphiphilic Diketopyrrolopyrrole Dyes in Aqueous Media. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22479-22492. [PMID: 36459436 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We report the thermodynamic and kinetic aqueous self-assembly of a series of amide-functionalized dithienyldiketopyrrolopyrroles (TDPPs) that bear various hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol (OEG) and hydrophobic alkyl chains. Spectroscopic and microscopic studies showed that the TDPP-based amphiphiles with an octyl group form sheet-like aggregates with J-type exciton coupling. The effect of the alkyl chains on the aggregated structure and the internal molecular orientation was examined via computational studies combining MD simulations and TD-DFT calculations. Furthermore, solvent and thermal denaturation experiments provided a state diagram that indicates the formation of unexpected nanoparticles during the self-assembly into nanosheets when longer OEG side chains are introduced. A kinetic analysis revealed that the nanoparticles were obtained selectively as an on-pathway intermediate state toward the formation of thermodynamically controlled nanosheets. The metastable aggregates were used for seed-initiated supramolecular assembly, which allowed establishing control over the assembly kinetics and the aggregate size. The sheet-like aggregates prepared using the seeding method exhibited coherent vibration in the excited state, indicating a well-ordered orientation of the TDPP units. These results underline the significance of fine tuning of the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance in the molecular design to kinetically control the assembly of amphiphilic π-conjugated molecules into two-dimensional nanostructures in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Fukaya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sotome
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro J Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149Münster, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Division of Frontier Materials Science and Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya464-8602, Japan
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18
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Chen M, Wang H, Li E, Li X, Shi T. Hierarchically supramolecular polymerization of anthraquinone dye to chiral aggregates via 2D-monolayered nanosheets: the unanticipated role of pathway complexity. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14052-14056. [PMID: 36134624 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04404h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An anthraquinone dye underwent supramolecular polymerization, affording 2D-monolayered nanosheets in a kinetically controlled state. The nanosheets then transformed into hierarchically chiral aggregates in a thermodynamically controlled step. The unanticipated role played by pathway complexity was clearly unravelled in this work, highlighting the diversified pathways in the supramolecular polymerization of various building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Prov., China.
| | - Houchen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Prov., China.
| | - Enhui Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Prov., China.
| | - Xueru Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Prov., China.
| | - Tiesheng Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, Shandong Prov., China.
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19
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Datta S, Chaudhuri D. Reversible Supramolecular Polymorphism in Solution and Solid Matrix by Manipulating Sidegroup Conformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201956. [PMID: 35180328 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Reversible switching between supramolecular polymorphs offers a great way to introduce stimuli-responsiveness. Supramolecular polymorphism is usually achieved through pathway complexity, or by exploiting solvent-solute interactions. But, steering a self-assembly along a specific pathway to form a kinetically-stable aggregate is not easy. Also, changing solvent to switch between polymorphs is impractical. We present a perylene bisimide molecule with a trans-azobenzene sidegroup that assembles into three supramolecular polymorphs with distinct colors, morphologies, packing and aggregation mechanism. Optical absorption and FTIR spectroscopy reveal the importance of hydrogen-bonding interaction between protic solvent and azo N that controls the planarity of the azobenzene group and influences molecular packing. This interaction can be further modulated using temperature, and solution pH to reversibly switch between the three polymorphs, in solution as well as in solid silica-gel matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Debangshu Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
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20
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Goll FD, Taubmann G, Ziener U. Static Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Images Reveal the Mechanism of Supramolecular Polymerization of an Oligopyridine on Graphite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117580. [PMID: 35138691 PMCID: PMC9307023 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymerization of a donor-acceptor bisterpyridine (BTP) equipped with an electron-rich carbazole unit is observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)|solution interface. It is shown that two-dimensional crystals of supramolecular (co)polymers are formed by chain growth polymerization, which in turn can be described by copolymerization statistics. From concentration-dependent measurements, derived copolymerization parameters and DFT calculations, a mechanism for self-assembly is developed that suggests a kinetically driven polymerization process in combination with thermodynamically controlled crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix D. Goll
- Ulm UniversityInstitute of Organic Chemistry IIIAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Gerhard Taubmann
- Ulm UniversityInstitute of Theoretical ChemistryAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Ulrich Ziener
- Ulm UniversityInstitute of Organic Chemistry IIIAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
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21
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Ślęczkowski ML, Mabesoone MFJ, Preuss MD, Post Y, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Helical bias in supramolecular polymers accounts for different stabilities of kinetically trapped states. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin L. Ślęczkowski
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs F. J. Mabesoone
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute of Microbiology Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Marco D. Preuss
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Yorick Post
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- School of Chemistry and the UNSW RNA Institute University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
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22
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Datta S, Chaudhuri D. Reversible Supramolecular Polymorphism in Solution and Solid Matrix by Manipulating Sidegroup Conformation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Debangshu Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
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23
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Goll FD, Taubmann G, Ziener U. Statische Rastertunnelmikroskopie‐Bilder enthüllen den Mechanismus der supramolekularen Polymerisation eines Oligopyridins auf Graphit. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix D. Goll
- Universität Ulm Institut für Organische Chemie III Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Gerhard Taubmann
- Universität Ulm Institut für Theoretische Chemie Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Ulrich Ziener
- Universität Ulm Institut für Organische Chemie III Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
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24
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Ghosh G, Barman R, Mukherjee A, Ghosh U, Ghosh S, Fernández G. Control over Multiple Nano‐ and Secondary Structures in Peptide Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstrasse 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ranajit Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India
| | - Anurag Mukherjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India
| | - Uttam Ghosh
- Department of Organic Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru 560012 Karnataka India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation Science 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata India
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstrasse 36 48149 Münster Germany
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25
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Ghosh G, Barman R, Mukherjee A, Ghosh U, Ghosh S, Fernández G. Control over Multiple Nano- and Secondary Structures in Peptide Self-Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113403. [PMID: 34758508 PMCID: PMC9300061 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the rich morphological and conformational versatility of a biologically active peptide (PEP-1), which follows diverse self-assembly pathways to form up to six distinct nanostructures and up to four different secondary structures through subtle modulation in pH, concentration and temperature. PEP-1 forms twisted β-sheet secondary structures and nanofibers at pH 7.4, which transform into fractal-like structures with strong β-sheet conformations at pH 13.0 or short disorganized elliptical aggregates at pH 5.5. Upon dilution at pH 7.4, the nanofibers with twisted β-sheet secondary structural elements convert into nanoparticles with random coil conformations. Interestingly, these two self-assembled states at pH 7.4 and room temperature are kinetically controlled and undergo a further transformation into thermodynamically stable states upon thermal annealing: whereas the twisted β-sheet structures and corresponding nanofibers transform into 2D sheets with well-defined β-sheet domains, the nanoparticles with random coil structures convert into short nanorods with α-helix conformations. Notably, PEP-1 also showed high biocompatibility, low hemolytic activity and marked antibacterial activity, rendering our system a promising candidate for multiple bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Ranajit Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation Science2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick RoadKolkataIndia
| | - Anurag Mukherjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation Science2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick RoadKolkataIndia
| | - Uttam Ghosh
- Department of Organic ChemistryIndian Institute of ScienceBengaluru560012KarnatakaIndia
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation Science2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick RoadKolkataIndia
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 3648149MünsterGermany
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26
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Fernández Z, Fernández B, Quiñoá E, Freire F. Merging Supramolecular and Covalent Helical Polymers: Four Helices Within a Single Scaffold. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20962-20969. [PMID: 34860519 PMCID: PMC8679087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular and covalent polymers share multiple structural effects such as chiral amplification, helical inversion, sergeants and soldiers, or majority rules, among others. These features are related to the axial helical structure found in both types of materials, which are responsible for their properties. Herein a novel material combining information and characteristics from both fields of helical polymers, supramolecular (oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) (OPE)) and covalent (poly(acetylene) (PA)), is presented. To achieve this goal, the poly(acetylene) must adopt a dihedral angle between conjugated double bonds (ω1) higher than 165°. In such cases, the tilting degree (Θ) between the OPE units used as pendant groups is close to 11°, like that observed in supramolecular helical arrays of these molecules. Polymerization of oligo[(p-phenyleneethynylene)n]phenylacetylene monomers (n = 1, 2) bearing L-decyl alaninate as the pendant group yielded the desired scaffolds. These polymers adopt a stretched and almost planar polyene helix, where the OPE units are arranged describing a helical structure. As a result, a novel multihelix material was prepared, the ECD spectra of which are dominated by the OPE axial array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Fernández
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Berta Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Física, University
of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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27
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Khodaverdi M, Hossain MS, Zhang Z, Martino RP, Nehls CW, Mozhdehi D. Pathway‐Selection for Programmable Assembly of Genetically Encoded Amphiphiles by Thermal Processing. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Khodaverdi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Robert P. Martino
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Connor W. Nehls
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Davoud Mozhdehi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
- BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA
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28
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Weng GG, Hong BK, Bao SS, Wen Y, Wu LQ, Huang XD, Jia JG, Wen GH, Li SH, Peng L, Zheng LM. From helices to superhelices: hierarchical assembly of homochiral van der Waals 1D coordination polymers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12619-12630. [PMID: 34703547 PMCID: PMC8494031 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01913a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral transcription from the molecular level to the macroscopic level by self-organization has been a topic of considerable interest for mimicking biological systems. Homochiral coordination polymers (CPs) are intriguing systems that can be applied in the construction of artificial helical architectures, but they have scarcely been explored to date. Herein, we propose a new strategy for the generation of superhelices of 1D CPs by introducing flexible cyclohexyl groups on the side chains to simultaneously induce interchain van der Waals interactions and chain misalignment due to conformer interconversion. Superhelices of S- or R-Tb(cyampH)3·3H2O (S-1H, R-1H) [cyampH2 = S- or R-(1-cyclohexylethyl)aminomethylphosphonic acid] were obtained successfully, the formation of which was found to follow a new type of "chain-twist-growth" mechanism that had not been described previously. The design strategy used in this work may open a new and general route to the hierarchical assembly and synthesis of helical CP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Guo Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Ben-Kun Hong
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Song-Song Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Qing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Da Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ge Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Ge-Hua Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hua Li
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
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29
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Bäumer N, Matern J, Fernández G. Recent progress and future challenges in the supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12248-12265. [PMID: 34603655 PMCID: PMC8480320 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03388c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of discrete molecular entities into functional nanomaterials has become a major research area in the past decades. The library of investigated compounds has diversified significantly, while the field as a whole has matured. The incorporation of metal ions in the molecular design of the (supra-)molecular building blocks greatly expands the potential applications, while also offering a promising approach to control molecular recognition and attractive and/or repulsive intermolecular binding events. Hence, supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers has emerged as a major research focus in the field. In this perspective article, we highlight recent significant advances in supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers and discuss their implications for future research. Additionally, we also outline some major challenges that metallosupramolecular chemists (will) have to face to produce metallosupramolecular polymers (MSPs) with advanced applications and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jonas Matern
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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30
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Gao Z, Qiu S, Yan F, Zhang S, Wang F, Tian W. Time-encoded bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly for rewritable security printing. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10041-10047. [PMID: 34377397 PMCID: PMC8317669 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative fluorescence security technologies for paper-based information are still highly pursued nowadays because data leakage and indelibility have become serious economic and social problems. Herein, we report a novel transient bio-fluorochromic supramolecular co-assembly mediated by a hydrolytic enzyme (ALP: alkaline phosphatase) towards rewritable security printing. A co-assembly based on the designed tetrabranched cationic diethynylanthracene monomer tends to be formed by adding adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the biofuel. The resulting co-assembly possesses a time-encoded bio-fluorochromic feature, upon successively hydrolyzing ATP with ALP and re-adding new batches of ATP. On this basis, the dynamic fluorescent properties of this time-encoded co-assembly system have been successfully enabled in rewritable security patterns via an inkjet printing technique, providing fascinating potential for fluorescence security materials with a biomimetic mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Conditions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China
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31
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Buss S, Palakkal JP, Strassert CA, Fernández G. Exploiting coordination geometry to tune the dimensions and processability of metallosupramolecular polymers. Org Chem Front 2021; 8:4138-4143. [PMID: 34354839 PMCID: PMC8314868 DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Achieving precise control over the morphology, dimensions and processability of functional materials is a key but challenging requirement for the fabrication of smart devices. To address this issue, we herein compare the self-assembly behavior of two new Pt(ii) complexes that differ in the molecular and coordination geometry through implementation of either a monodentate (pyridine) or bidentate (bipyridine) ligand. The molecular preorganization of the bipyridine-based complex enables effective self-assembly in solution involving Pt⋯Pt interactions, while preserving aggregate solubility. On the other hand, increased steric effects of the linear bispyridine-based complex hinder an effective preorganization leading to poorly solvated aggregates when a critical concentration is exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Kalathil K Kartha
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Stefan Buss
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 28/30 48149 Münster Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jasnamol P Palakkal
- Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMIC, SoN, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 28/30 48149 Münster Germany.,CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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32
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Shen CA, Bialas D, Hecht M, Stepanenko V, Sugiyasu K, Würthner F. Polymorphism in Squaraine Dye Aggregates by Self-Assembly Pathway Differentiation: Panchromatic Tubular Dye Nanorods versus J-Aggregate Nanosheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11949-11958. [PMID: 33751763 PMCID: PMC8252746 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A bis(squaraine) dye equipped with alkyl and oligoethyleneglycol chains was synthesized by connecting two dicyanomethylene substituted squaraine dyes with a phenylene spacer unit. The aggregation behavior of this bis(squaraine) was investigated in non-polar toluene/tetrachloroethane (98:2) solvent mixture, which revealed competing cooperative self-assembly pathways into two supramolecular polymorphs with entirely different packing structures and UV/Vis/NIR absorption properties. The self-assembly pathway can be controlled by the cooling rate from a heated solution of the monomers. For both polymorphs, quasi-equilibrium conditions between monomers and the respective aggregates can be established to derive thermodynamic parameters and insights into the self-assembly mechanisms. AFM measurements revealed a nanosheet structure with a height of 2 nm for the thermodynamically more stable polymorph and a tubular nanorod structure with a helical pitch of 13 nm and a diameter of 5 nm for the kinetically favored polymorph. Together with wide angle X-ray scattering measurements, packing models were derived: the thermodynamic polymorph consists of brick-work type nanosheets that exhibit red-shifted absorption bands as typical for J-aggregates, while the nanorod polymorph consists of eight supramolecular polymer strands of the bis(squaraine) intertwined to form a chimney-type tubular structure. The absorption of this aggregate covers a large spectral range from 550 to 875 nm, which cannot be rationalized by the conventional exciton theory. By applying the Essential States Model and considering intermolecular charge transfer, the aggregate spectrum was adequately reproduced, revealing that the broad absorption spectrum is due to pronounced donor-acceptor overlap within the bis(squaraine) nanorods. The latter is also responsible for the pronounced bathochromic shift observed for the nanosheet structure as a result of the slip-stacked arranged squaraine chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-An Shen
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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33
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Naranjo C, Dorca Y, Ghosh G, Gómez R, Fernández G, Sánchez L. Chain-capper effect to bias the amplification of asymmetry in supramolecular polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4500-4503. [PMID: 33956018 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00740h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The kinetically controlled amplification of asymmetry experienced in the co-assembly of chiral tribiphenylaminetricarboxamides (S)-1 and (R)-1 is investigated. The formation of metastable monomeric species through intramolecular H-bonds retards the efficient amplification of asymmetry due to a chain-capper effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Naranjo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Yeray Dorca
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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34
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Shen C, Bialas D, Hecht M, Stepanenko V, Sugiyasu K, Würthner F. Polymorphism in Squaraine Dye Aggregates by Self‐Assembly Pathway Differentiation: Panchromatic Tubular Dye Nanorods versus J‐Aggregate Nanosheets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐An Shen
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Vladimir Stepanenko
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazunori Sugiyasu
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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35
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Matern J, Bäumer N, Fernández G. Unraveling Halogen Effects in Supramolecular Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7164-7175. [PMID: 33913728 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Halogens play a crucial role in numerous natural processes and synthetic materials due to their unique physicochemical properties and the diverse interactions they can engage in. In the field of supramolecular polymerization, however, halogen effects remain poorly understood, and investigations have been restricted to halogen bonding or the inclusion of polyfluorinated side groups. Recent contributions from our group have revealed that chlorine ligands greatly influence molecular packing and pathway complexity phenomena of various metal complexes. These results prompted us to explore the role of the halogen nature on supramolecular polymerization, a phenomenon that has remained unexplored to date. To address this issue, we have designed a series of archetypal bispyridyldihalogen PtII complexes bearing chlorine (1), bromine (2), or iodine (3) and systematically compared their supramolecular polymerization in nonpolar media using various experimental methods and theory. Our studies reveal a remarkably different supramolecular polymerization for the three compounds, which can undergo two competing pathways with either slipped (kinetic) or parallel (thermodynamic) molecular packing. The halogen exerts an inverse effect on the energetic levels of the two self-assembled states, resulting in a single thermodynamic pathway for 3, a transient kinetic species for 2, and a hidden thermodynamic state for 1. This seesaw-like bias of the energy landscape can be traced back to the involvement of the halogens in weak N-H···X hydrogen-bonding interactions in the kinetic pathway, whereas in the thermodynamic pathway the halogens are not engaged in the stabilizing interaction motif but rather amplify solvophobic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Matern
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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36
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Fernández Z, Fernández B, Quiñoá E, Freire F. The Competitive Aggregation Pathway of an Asymmetric Chiral Oligo(
p
‐phenyleneethynylene) Towards the Formation of Individual
P
and
M
Supramolecular Helical Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Fernández
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Berta Fernández
- Departamento de Química Física Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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37
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Fukushima T, Tamaki K, Isobe A, Hirose T, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi SI, Hollamby MJ, Yagai S. Diarylethene-Powered Light-Induced Folding of Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5845-5854. [PMID: 33755463 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Helical folding of randomly coiled linear polymers is an essential organization process not only for biological polypeptides but also for synthetic functional polymers. Realization of this dynamic process in supramolecular polymers (SPs) is, however, a formidable challenge because of their inherent lability of main chains upon changing an external environment that can drive the folding process (e.g., solvent, concentration, and temperature). We herein report a photoinduced reversible folding/unfolding of rosette-based SPs driven by photoisomerization of a diarylethene (DAE). Temperature-controlled supramolecular polymerization of a barbiturate-functionalized DAE (open isomer) in nonpolar solvent results in the formation of intrinsically curved, but randomly coiled, SPs due to the presence of defects. Irradiation of the randomly coiled SPs with UV light causes efficient ring-closure reaction of the DAE moieties, which induces helical folding of the randomly coiled structures into helicoidal ones, as evidenced by atomic force microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. The helical folding is driven by internal structure ordering of the SP fiber that repairs the defects and interloop interaction occurring only for the resulting helicoidal structure. In contrast, direct supramolecular polymerization of the ring-closed DAE monomers by temperature control affords linearly extended ribbon-like SPs lacking intrinsic curvature that are thermodynamically less stable compared to the helicoidal SPs. The finding represents an important concept applicable to other SP systems; that is, postpolymerization (photo)reaction of preorganized kinetic structures can lead to more thermodynamically stable structures that are inaccessible directly through temperature-controlled protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Fukushima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Isobe
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, U.K
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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38
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Fernández Z, Fernández B, Quiñoá E, Freire F. The Competitive Aggregation Pathway of an Asymmetric Chiral Oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) Towards the Formation of Individual P and M Supramolecular Helical Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9919-9924. [PMID: 33600623 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A complex aggregation pathway towards two diastereomeric P and M supramolecular helices arises from the aggregation of a short, chiral, and rigid oligo(phenyleneethynylene) [OPE, (S)-1]. Thus, while AggI aggregate is obtained when a DCM solution of (S)-1 is diluted with MCH at room temperature, AggII aggregate is generated only after a slow heating (353 K)/cooling (273 K) process. Interestingly, during AggI formation (mechanism 1), short P chain oligomers are produced, which have a great tendency to aggregate in plane, yielding brick-like nanostructures that halt the aggregation process. On the other hand, after a heating/cooling cycle, long M type columnar helical aggregates (AggII ) are obtained, formed by individual supramolecular polymer chains (mechanism 2) easily visualized by AFM. The two different P/M orientations obtained for AggI and AggII reveal the dynamic character of the system and its ability to create diastereomeric helical structures under the right conditions. Different experimental protocols were explored to prepare long M type columnar helical aggregates, which are not obtained by using the previous MCH/DCM 99/1 (v/v) solvent mixture. The generation of the desired M oriented supramolecular polymer is achieved when toluene is added to the solvent mixture in a 97/2/1 MCH/Tol/DCM (v/v/v) ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulema Fernández
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Berta Fernández
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago, de Compostela, Spain
| | - Emilio Quiñoá
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Félix Freire
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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39
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Bäumer N, Kartha KK, Buss S, Maisuls I, Palakkal JP, Strassert CA, Fernández G. Tuning energy landscapes and metal-metal interactions in supramolecular polymers regulated by coordination geometry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5236-5245. [PMID: 34168776 PMCID: PMC8179630 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00416f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we exploit coordination geometry as a new tool to regulate the non-covalent interactions, photophysical properties and energy landscape of supramolecular polymers. To this end, we have designed two self-assembled Pt(ii) complexes 1 and 2 that feature an identical aromatic surface, but differ in the coordination and molecular geometry (linear vs. V-shaped) as a result of judicious ligand choice (monodentate pyridine vs. bidentate bipyridine). Even though both complexes form cooperative supramolecular polymers in methylcyclohexane, their supramolecular and photophysical behaviour differ significantly: while the high preorganization of the bipyridine-based complex 1 enables an H-type 1D stacking with short Pt⋯Pt contacts via a two-step consecutive process, the existence of increased steric effects for the pyridyl-based derivative 2 hinders the formation of metal–metal contacts and induces a single aggregation process into large bundles of fibers. Ultimately, this fine control of Pt⋯Pt distances leads to tuneable luminescence—red for 1vs. blue for 2, which highlights the relevance of coordination geometry for the development of functional supramolecular materials. In this article, we exploit coordination geometry as a new tool to control the energy landscape and photophysical properties (red vs. blue luminescence) of supramolecular polymers.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Kalathil K Kartha
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Stefan Buss
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Germany
| | - Iván Maisuls
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Germany
| | - Jasnamol P Palakkal
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Alarich-Weiss-Straße 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- CeNTech, CiMIC, SoN, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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40
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Helmers I, Ghosh G, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Pathway and Length Control of Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Media via a Hydrogen Bonding Lock. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4368-4376. [PMID: 33152151 PMCID: PMC7898687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Programming the organization of π-conjugated systems into nanostructures of defined dimensions is a requirement for the preparation of functional materials. Herein, we have achieved high-precision control over the self-assembly pathways and fiber length of an amphiphilic BODIPY dye in aqueous media by exploiting a programmable hydrogen bonding lock. The presence of a (2-hydroxyethyl)amide group in the target BODIPY enables different types of intra- vs. intermolecular hydrogen bonding, leading to a competition between kinetically controlled discoidal H-type aggregates and thermodynamically controlled 1D J-type fibers in water. The high stability of the kinetic state, which is dominated by the hydrophobic effect, is reflected in the slow transformation to the thermodynamic product (several weeks at room temperature). However, this lag time can be suppressed by the addition of seeds from the thermodynamic species, enabling us to obtain supramolecular polymers of tuneable length in water for multiple cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Helmers
- Organisch-Chemisches-InstitutWestfälische-Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches-InstitutWestfälische-Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Lehrstuhl für SystemverfahrenstechnikTechnical University of Munich (TUM)Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 485354FreisingGermany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches-InstitutWestfälische-Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrenstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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41
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Yin Y, Chen Z, Han Y, Liao R, Wang F. Chiral supramolecular polymerization of dicyanostilbenes with emergent circularly polarized luminescence behavior. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00756d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel type of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) active systems have been constructed via chiral supramolecular polymerization of dicyanostilbene-based monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueru Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Ze Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Rui Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
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42
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Debnath I, Roy T, Matern J, Jansen SAH, Fernández G, Mahata K. Supramolecular polymorphism in aggregates of a boron-difluoride complex of peri-naphthoindigo via solvent- and pathway-dependent self-assembly. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01074c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymorphism, a rare phenomenon, has been demonstrated using BF2-coordinated peri-naphthoindigo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indraneel Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Tirupati Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Jonas Matern
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster, Correnstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Stef A. H. Jansen
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster, Correnstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kingsuk Mahata
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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43
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Helmers I, Ghosh G, Albuquerque RQ, Fernández G. Pfad‐ und Längenkontrolle von supramolekularen Polymeren im wässrigen Medium mittels eines Wasserstoffbrückenschlosses. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Helmers
- Organisch-Chemisches-Institut Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Organisch-Chemisches-Institut Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Rodrigo Q. Albuquerque
- Lehrstuhl für Systemverfahrenstechnik Technische Universität München (TUM) Gregor-Mendel-Straße 4 85354 Freising Deutschland
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches-Institut Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster Correnstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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44
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Mabesoone MJ, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Solute-Solvent Interactions in Modern Physical Organic Chemistry: Supramolecular Polymers as a Muse. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19781-19798. [PMID: 33174741 PMCID: PMC7705892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between solvents and solutes are a cornerstone of physical organic chemistry and have been the subject of investigations over the last century. In recent years, a renewed interest in fundamental aspects of solute-solvent interactions has been sparked in the field of supramolecular chemistry in general and that of supramolecular polymers in particular. Although solvent effects in supramolecular chemistry have been recognized for a long time, the unique opportunities that supramolecular polymers offer to gain insight into solute-solvent interactions have become clear relatively recently. The multiple interactions that hold the supramolecular polymeric structure together are similar in strength to those between solute and solvent. The cooperativity found in ordered supramolecular polymers leads to the possibility of amplifying these solute-solvent effects and will shed light on extremely subtle solvation phenomena. As a result, many exciting effects of solute-solvent interactions in modern physical organic chemistry can be studied using supramolecular polymers. Our aim is to put the recent progress into a historical context and provide avenues toward a more comprehensive understanding of solvents in multicomponent supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs
F. J. Mabesoone
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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45
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Dhiman S, Ghosh R, Sarkar S, George SJ. Controlled synthesis of organic two-dimensional nanostructures via reaction-driven, cooperative supramolecular polymerization. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12701-12709. [PMID: 34094465 PMCID: PMC8163148 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02670k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The bottom-up approach of supramolecular polymerization is an effective synthetic method for functional organic nanostructures. However, the uncontrolled growth and polydisperse structural outcome often lead to low functional efficiency. Thus, precise control over the structural characteristics of supramolecular polymers is the current scientific hurdle. Research so far has tended to focus on systems with inherent kinetic control by the presence of metastable state monomers either through conformational molecular design or by exploring pathway complexity. The need of the hour is to create generic strategies for dormant states of monomers that can be extended to different molecules and various structural organizations and dimensions. Here we venture to demonstrate chemical reaction-driven cooperative supramolecular polymerization as an alternative strategy for the controlled synthesis of organic two-dimensional nanostructures. In our approach, the dynamic imine bond is exploited to convert a non-assembling dormant monomer to an activated amphiphilic structure in a kinetically controlled manner. The chemical reaction governed retarded nucleation-elongation growth provides control over dispersity and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dhiman
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Rita Ghosh
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Subi J George
- Supramolecular Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre of Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
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