1
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Tian Y, Yang J, Xiong H. Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via a H 2S-Responsive Bioluminescent Probe Combined with Firefly Luciferase mRNA Delivery. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9236-9243. [PMID: 38767294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The early detection of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through bioluminescent probes is of great significance. However, there remains a challenge to apply them in nontransgenic natural animals due to the lack of exogenous luciferase. To address this issue, we herein report a new strategy for in situ monitoring of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the liver of NAFLD mice by leveraging a H2S-responsive bioluminescent probe (H-Luc) combined with firefly luciferase (fLuc) mRNA delivery. The probe H-Luc was created by installing a H2S recognition moiety, 2,4-dinitrophenol, onto the luciferase substrate (d-luciferin), which is allowed to release cage-free d-luciferin in the presence of H2S via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In the meantime, the intracellular luciferase was introduced by lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mediated fLuc mRNA delivery, rendering it suitable for bioluminescence (BL) imaging in vitro and in vivo. Based on this luciferase-luciferin system, the endogenous H2S could be sensitively and selectively detected in living cells, showing a low limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.72 μM. More importantly, after systematic administration of fLuc mRNA-loaded LNPs in vivo, H-Luc was able to successfully monitor the endogenous H2S levels in the NAFLD mouse model for the first time, displaying a 28-fold higher bioluminescence intensity than that in the liver of normal mice. We believe that this strategy may shed new light on the diagnosis of inflammatory liver disease, further elucidating the roles of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuexia Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yang Tian
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jieyu Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hu Xiong
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Fu Q, Yang X, Wang M, Zhu K, Wang Y, Song J. Activatable Probes for Ratiometric Imaging of Endogenous Biomarkers In Vivo. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3916-3968. [PMID: 38258800 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic variations in the concentration and abnormal distribution of endogenous biomarkers are strongly associated with multiple physiological and pathological states. Therefore, it is crucial to design imaging systems capable of real-time detection of dynamic changes in biomarkers for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases. Recently, ratiometric imaging has emerged as a widely used technique for sensing and imaging of biomarkers due to its advantage of circumventing the limitations inherent to conventional intensity-dependent signal readout methods while also providing built-in self-calibration for signal correction. Here, the recent progress of ratiometric probes and their applications in sensing and imaging of biomarkers are outlined. Ratiometric probes are classified according to their imaging mechanisms, and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging, ratiometric optical imaging including photoluminescence imaging and self-luminescence imaging, ratiometric magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-modal ratiometric imaging are discussed. The applications of ratiometric probes in the sensing and imaging of biomarkers such as pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), gas molecules, enzymes, metal ions, and hypoxia are discussed in detail. Additionally, this Review presents an overview of challenges faced in this field along with future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Fu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Kang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Jibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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3
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Zhang X, Yang Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Song Z, Zhang L, You J, Chen L. Development of fluorescent probes with specific recognition moiety for hydrogen polysulfide. Talanta 2024; 268:125293. [PMID: 37857112 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen polysulfide (H2Sn, n > 1) is an important component of reactive sulfur species (RSS), which is an important substance for maintaining the redox balance in cells. However, limited recognition moieties are available for hydrogen polysulfide probe design. In this study, we have constructed a small library containing several organic molecules to explore a new specific recognition moiety for H2Sn fluorescent probe design. To validate the discovery, two fluorescent probes, 7 and BCC, were further developed based on coumarin and its derivative. The probes exhibited desirable specificity for H2Sn monitoring, which can be used for detecting H2Sn in solution and cells. The new specific recognition moiety for H2Sn fluorescent probe design discovered in this work has certain guiding significance for development of H2Sn probes exploring biological roles in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shudi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Zhihua Song
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Liangwei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
| | - Jinmao You
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
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4
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Gao X, Zhang W, Dong Z, Ren J, Song B, Zhang R, Yuan J. FRET Luminescent Probe for the Ratiometric Imaging of Peroxynitrite in Rat Brain Models of Epilepsy-Based on Organic Dye-Conjugated Iridium(III) Complex. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18530-18539. [PMID: 38048161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures globally, imposing a substantial burden on patients and their families. The pathological role of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuronal hyperexcitability, is critical in epilepsy. However, the development of reliable, in situ, and real-time optical imaging tools to detect ONOO- in the brain encounters some challenges related to the depth of tissue penetration, background interference, optical bleaching, and spectral overlapping. To address these limitations, we present Ir-CBM, a new one-photon and two-photon excitable and long-lived ratiometric luminescent probe designed specifically for precise detection of ONOO- in epilepsy-based on the Förster resonance energy transfer mechanism by combining an iridium(III) complex with an organic fluorophore. Ir-CBM possesses the advantages of rapid response, one-/two-photon excitation, and ratiometric luminescent imaging for monitoring the cellular levels of ONOO- and evaluating the effects of different therapeutic drugs on ONOO- in the brain of an epilepsy model rat. The development and utilization of Ir-CBM offer valuable insights into the design of ratiometric luminescent probes. Furthermore, Ir-CBM serves as a rapid imaging and screening tool for antiepileptic drugs, thereby accelerating the exploration of novel antiepileptic drug screening and improving preventive and therapeutic strategies in epilepsy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Gao
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhiyuan Dong
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junyu Ren
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bo Song
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jingli Yuan
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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5
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Ding C, Ren T. Near infrared fluorescent probes for detecting and imaging active small molecules. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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6
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Yang X, Li C, Li P, Fu Q. Ratiometric optical probes for biosensing. Theranostics 2023; 13:2632-2656. [PMID: 37215562 PMCID: PMC10196834 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosensing by optical probes is bringing about a revolution in our understanding of physiological and pathological states. Conventional optical probes for biosensing are prone to inaccurate detection results due to various analyte-independent factors that can lead to fluctuations in the absolute signal intensity. Ratiometric optical probes provide built-in self-calibration signal correction for more sensitive and reliable detection. Probes specifically developed for ratiometric optical detection have been shown to significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of biosensing. In this review, we focus on the advancements and sensing mechanism of ratiometric optical probes including photoacoustic (PA) probes, fluorescence (FL) probes, bioluminescence (BL) probes, chemiluminescence (CL) probes and afterglow probes. The versatile design strategies of these ratiometric optical probes are discussed along with a broad range of applications for biosensing such as sensing of pH, enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), glutathione (GSH), metal ions, gas molecules and hypoxia factors, as well as the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based ratiometric probes for immunoassay biosensing. Finally, challenges and perspectives are discussed.
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7
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Shieh M, Xu S, Lederberg OL, Xian M. Detection of sulfane sulfur species in biological systems. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102502. [PMID: 36252340 PMCID: PMC9579362 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species such as hydropersulfides (RSSH), polysulfides (RSnR), and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) are critically involved in sulfur-mediated redox signaling, but their detailed mechanisms of action need further clarification. Therefore, there is a need to develop selective and sensitive sulfane sulfur detection methods to gauge a better understanding of their functions. This review summarizes current detection methods that include cyanolysis, chemical derivatization and mass spectrometry, proteomic analysis, fluorescent probes, and resonance synchronous/Raman spectroscopic methods. The design principles, advantages, applications, and limitations of each method are discussed, along with suggested directions for future research on these methods. The development of robust detection methods for sulfane sulfur species will help to elucidate their mechanisms and functions in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Shi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Oren L Lederberg
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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8
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Yang L, Yang N, Gu P, Wang C, Li B, Zhang Y, Ji L, He G. A novel flavone-based ESIPT ratiometric fluorescent probe for selective sensing and imaging of hydrogen polysulfides. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 271:120962. [PMID: 35124456 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) as an important member of reactive sulfur species is closely relevant to many physiological functions in redox homeostasis and metabolism. Dual-channel monitor the changes of H2Sn level in vivo is highly desired. Herein we design a simple ratiometric fluorescent probe based on flavone skeleton for highly selective detection of H2Sn. The probe HF-NA-MC bearing 2-fluoro-5-nitrobenzoic acid group inhibited the intramolecular ESIPT process, which show the blue fluorescence of adjacent naphthalene unit. In the presence of H2Sn, the enol form of probe is converted to conjugated keto form, resulted in a 90 nm red-shift of fluorescence emission from 450 nm to 540 nm. The ratiometric intensity (I540/I450) of the probe exhibits a good linear relationship toward H2Sn in the range of 0-120 μM, and the detection limit is estimated to be 0.63 μM. The ratiometric fluorescent probe shows high specificity and anti-interference ability for H2Sn over other related reactive sulfur species. The probe HF-NA-MC shows promising outlook and could be applied to the confocal imaging of H2Sn by dual emission channels in Hela cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Nan Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Pengli Gu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Beining Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Liguo Ji
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Guangjie He
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Evidence, School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Jinsui Road No. 601, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
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9
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Shen Y, Zhou Q, Li W, Yuan L. Advances in Optical Imaging of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200320. [PMID: 35420707 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), emerging as one of the most common chronic liver diseases including simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is likely to progress to liver fibrosis and hepatic carcinoma if not treated in time. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD are necessary. Currently, liver biopsy, as the gold standard for clinical diagnosis of NAFLD, is not widely accepted by patients due to its invasiveness. However, other non-invasive methods that had been reported for NAFLD (such as magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound) still suffer from low resolution and sensitivity, which are available as a guide for liver biopsy sometimes. As a non-invasive modality with high spatiotemporal resolution and superior sensitivity, optical imaging methods have been widely favored in recent years, mainly including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and bioluminescence imaging. With these optical imaging approaches, a series of optical probes based on optical and molecular-specific design have been developed for the biomarker diagnosis and research of diseases. In this review, we summarize the existing non-invasive optical imaging probes for the detection of biomarkers in NAFLD, including microenvironment (viscosity, polarity), ROS, RSS, ions, proteins, and nucleic acids. Design strategies for optical imaging probes and their applications in NAFLD bioimaging are discussed and focused on. We also highlight the potential challenges and prospects of designing new generations of optical imaging probes in NAFLD studies, which will further enhance the diversity, practicality, and clinical feasibility of NAFLD research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Li
- Hunan University, chemistry, CHINA
| | - Lin Yuan
- Hunan University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, NO372, Lushan Rd. Yuelu District., 410082, Changsha, CHINA
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10
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Zhong Y, Yang L, Zhou Y, Peng J. Biomarker-responsive Fluorescent Probes for In Vivo Imaging of Liver Injury. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200038. [PMID: 35182452 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Liver injury-related diseases have aroused widespread concern due to its extreme unpredictability, acute onset, and severe consequences. Nowadays, the clinical prediction and assessment of liver injury mainly focus on histopathological and serological approaches, which undergoes a tedious process and sometimes requires invasive biopsy. Over the past decades, fluorescence imaging technique have emerged as a rising star for the diagnosis of diseases owing to its noninvasiveness, high fidelity and ease of operation. On regard to liver injury, the fluorescent probes have been delicately designed to response a variety of endogenous biomolecules to precisely offer comprehensive information about the lesion site. Herein, we make a brief summary and discussion about the design strategies and applications of the recently reported fluorescent biosensors responsive to a series of biomarkers involved in the liver injury. The potential prospects and remaining challenges are also discussed to promote the progression in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhong
- China Pharmaceutical University, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, CHINA
| | - Lulu Yang
- China Pharmaceutical University, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Yunyun Zhou
- China Pharmaceutical University, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, CHINA
| | - Juanjuan Peng
- China Pharmaceutical University, #24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, CHINA
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11
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Zhang W, Lv Y, Huo F, Zhang Y, Yin C. Viscosity-sensitive NIR probe for in vivo imaging of early-stage hepatic fibrosis. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8852-8855. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01746f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A viscosity-sensitive and liver-targeted NIR fluorescent probe has been developed for early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yunxia Lv
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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12
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Li W, Shen Y, Gong X, Zhang XB, Yuan L. Highly Selective Fluorescent Probe Design for Visualizing Hepatic Hydrogen Sulfide in the Pathological Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16673-16682. [PMID: 34842411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), emerging as an important gaseous signal, has attracted more and more attention for its key role in chronic fatty liver diseases. However, lacking tools for H2S-specific in situ detection, the changes of endogenous hepatic H2S levels in the pathological progression of chronic liver diseases are still unclear. To this end, we adopted a strategy of combining molecular probe design and nanofunctionalization to develop a highly selective near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, which allows in vivo real-time monitoring of hepatic H2S levels in the process of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). As a proof of strategy demonstration, we first designed NIR molecular probes for H2S sensing through chemical design and probe screening and then loaded molecular probes into mesoporous silicon nanomaterials (MSNs) with surface encapsulation using poly(ethylene glycol) to construct a highly selective probe MSN@CSN@PEG, with significantly improved selectivity and photostability. Moreover, MSN@CSN@PEG exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity for endogenous H2S in cells and tumors in vivo, eliminating the interference of a high concentration of biothiols and sulfhydryl proteins. Furthermore, the probe was applied to in situ intravital imaging and systematic assessment of hepatic H2S levels in different stages of NAFLD for the first time, which may offer a promising tool for the future study of fatty liver diseases and other chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiangyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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13
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Rong X, Liu C, Li M, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Su M, Wang X, Li X, Wang K, Yu M, Sheng W, Zhu B. An Integrated Fluorescent Probe for Ratiometric Detection of Glutathione in the Golgi Apparatus and Activated Organelle-Targeted Therapy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16105-16112. [PMID: 34797641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious threat to human health, and there is an urgent need to develop new treatment methods to overcome it. Organelle targeting therapy, as a highly effective and less toxic side effect treatment strategy, has great research significance and development prospects. Being an essential organelle, the Golgi apparatus plays a particularly major role in the growth of cancer cells. Acting as an indispensable and highly expressed antioxidant in cancer cells, glutathione (GSH) also contributes greatly during the Golgi oxidative stress. Therefore, it counts for much to track the changes of GSH concentration in Golgi for monitoring the occurrence and development of tumor cells, and exploring Golgi-targeted therapy is also extremely important for effective treatment of cancer. In this work, we designed and synthesized a simple Golgi-targeting fluorescent probe GT-GSH for accurately detecting GSH. The probe GT-GSH reacting with GSH decomposes toxic substances to Golgi, thereby killing cancer cells. At the same time, the ratiometric fluorescent probe can detect the concentration changes of GSH in Golgi stress with high sensitivity and selectivity in living cells. Therefore, such a GSH-responsive fluorescent probe with a Golgi-targeted therapy effect gives a new method for accurate treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Rong
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hanchuang Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Meijun Su
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Xiwei Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Miaohui Yu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Wenlong Sheng
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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14
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Yuan J, Ren TB, Xu S, Wang CJ, Zhang XB, Yuan L. A Unique Multifunctional Luminescent Probe for Self-Monitoring Photodynamic Therapy by Detecting H 2S in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6016-6022. [PMID: 35006901 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing interest in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the assessment of the level of reactive oxygen species produced during PDT has also become increasingly important. However, most of the fluorescent probes for reactive oxygen species (ROS) evaluation were separated from photosensitizers in the PDT process, resulting in ex situ and asynchronous treatment feedback. Additionally, the consumption of ROS by these fluorescent probes themselves will inevitably affect the therapeutic effect. Herein, inspired by the redox balance in the cell, we developed a multifunctional hydrogen sulfide (H2S) probe Ru-NBD for reporting the therapeutic effect during the PDT process by detecting hydrogen sulfide. The probe Ru-NBD could not only serve as an effective PDT reagent both before and after H2S activation but could also be used for real-time and in situ monitoring of the therapeutic effect via restored luminescence during the PDT process. As the phototherapy process progresses, the luminescent signal of Ru-NBD changes accordingly. The experimental results show that there is a certain correlation between the luminescence intensity and the cell inhibition rate; thus, we can monitor the phototherapy process by detecting the changes in the probe's luminescent signal. This study provides an idea for the design and adjustment of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tian-Bing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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15
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Niu P, Rong Y, Wang Y, Ni H, Zhu M, Chen W, Liu X, Wei L, Song X. A bifunctional fluorescent probe for simultaneous detection of GSH and H 2S n (n > 1) from different channels with long-wavelength emission. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 257:119789. [PMID: 33892246 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we presented a long-wavelength emission fluorescent probe DCM-Cou-SePh that can discriminatively detect glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn, n > 1) from green and red emission channels, respectively. With the addition of GSH, probe DCM-Cou-SePh displayed green fluorescence emission (λex/em = 430/530 nm). In the presence of H2Sn, the probe exhibited a significant fluorescence enhancement in red channel (λex/em = 560/680 nm). We also demonstrated that this probe was suitable to quantitatively detect GSH and H2Sn with low detection limits (0.12 μM for GSH, 0.19 μM for H2Sn). Furthermore, DCM-Cou-SePh can be used for sensing endogenous GSH and H2Sn in living cells by dual-color fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yifan Rong
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuyue Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Huijie Ni
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xingjiang Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Liuhe Wei
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiangzhi Song
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, China
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16
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Di X, Ge C, Liu Y, Shao C, Zhu HL, Liu HK, Qian Y. Monitoring hydrogen polysulfide during ferroptosis with a two-photon fluorescent probe. Talanta 2021; 232:122467. [PMID: 34074439 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen polysulfide (H2Sn, n > 1), a member of reactive sulfur species (RSS), is primarily generated during the crosstalk between H2S and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays important role in physiological and pathological processes. Ferroptosis is a new non-classical mode of cell death, in which ROS-associated lipid peroxidation and iron-dependent accumulation are the main features. However, the biological effects of H2Sn on ferroptosis and the detailed mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop highly selective and sensitive chemical tools for monitoring H2Sn in living cells. Herein, we develop a two-photon fluorescent probe (PSP) for specifically imaging H2Sn in live cells and tumor spheroids. This probe exhibited a sensitive and selective response to H2Sn, which had been used for imaging exogenous and endogenous H2Sn in living cells by confocal imaging and high content imaging. PSP exhibits excellent photo-stability and two-photon imaging performance when irradiating at 880 nm in 3D HeLa multicellular tumor spheroids. Importantly, our studies revealed that H2Sn levels were significantly up-regulated during ferroptosis. These excellent properties ensure that PSP is a promising two-photon probe for exploring the biological and pathological effects of H2Sn during ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Di
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Chao Ge
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Yani Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenwen Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Ke Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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17
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Cheng D, Xu W, Gong X, Yuan L, Zhang XB. Design Strategy of Fluorescent Probes for Live Drug-Induced Acute Liver Injury Imaging. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:403-415. [PMID: 33382249 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced acute liver injury (DIALI) is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of acute liver injury (ALI), which is characterized by a rapid loss of hepatocyte function in patients without pre-existing liver diseases. Evaluation of corresponding biomarkers, including alanine transaminase and aspartate amino transferase, is available as a diagnostic tool for hepatotoxicity. However, these blood tests have certain limitations: (1) they are generally not available for early estimation; (2) it is difficult to visualize and identify hepatotoxicity unambiguously in real-time; and (3) the biomarkers are not unique and are usually influenced by a variety of diseases, leading to potential false results. It is of grave importance and burgeoning demand to develop an early diagnostic approach for such diseases, but the ideal toolkit remains an unresolved challenge.As an alternative, molecular optical probes (fluorescence, chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, etc.) display a lot of advantages, such as high sensitivity, noninvasive fast analysis, and real-time in situ detection. They have emerged as potent and promising tools for the biomedical study of DIALI in living system. Until now, a number of optical probes for DIALI have been reported with some great potential for clinical trials. However, most of the probes still suffer from false signals because of the limitations in clinical application, including poor selectivity, low sensitivity, and biocompatibility. One key challenge that probes face in the ALI environment is the excessive exposure to reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and diffusivity, which may lead to false-positive or negative signals.Our group has employed multiple rational approaches to engineer high-performance optical probes for DIALI. With such development, we have successfully achieved the accurate detection of DIALI with minimal false signals both ex vivo and in vivo. While marching firmly toward understanding the biogenesis and progression of DIALI, we ultimately aim at the early stage clinical diagnosis of the disease, as well as mechanism understanding for clinical trials. In this Account, we summarize and present our three new approaches for the development of high-fidelity optical probes: (1) a combined screening and rational design strategy, (2) a double-locked probe design strategy, and (3) in situ imaging based on the release of a precipitating fluorochrome strategy. Using these strategies, we have formulated probes for a range of biological species that are biomarkers of DIALI, including reactive nitrogen species (ONOO-), reactive sulfur species (H2S and H2Sn), and enzymes (LAP, MAO, and ALP). We have highlighted the rationale for our design and screening strategy and methods to achieve high-fidelity optical probes. Some recent examples of optical probes developed by our laboratory and collaborations are mainly illustrated herein. We anticipate the strategies summarized here to inspire future molecular optical probe design, to contribute to studies of the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying liver diseases, and to improve the efficiency of the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
- Clinical Research Institute, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China
| | - Wang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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