1
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Koshizuka M, Takahashi N, Shimada N. Organoboron catalysis for direct amide/peptide bond formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11202-11222. [PMID: 39196535 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Amides and peptides are ubiquitous functional groups found in several natural and artificial materials, and they are essential for the advancement of life and material sciences. In particular, their relevance in clinical medicine and drug discovery has increased in recent years. Dehydrative condensation of readily available carboxylic acids with amines is the most "direct" method for amide synthesis; however, this methodology generally requires a stoichiometric amount of condensation agent (coupling reagent). Catalytic direct dehydrative amidation has become an "ideal" methodology for synthesizing amides from the perspective of green chemistry, with water as the only byproduct in principle, high atom efficiency, environmentally friendly, energy saving, and safety. Conversely, organoboron compounds, such as boronic acids, which are widely used in various industries as coupling reagents for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions or pharmaceutical structures, are environmentally friendly molecules that have low toxicity and are easy to handle. Based on the chemical properties of organoboron compounds, they have potential Lewis acidity and the ability to form reversible covalent bonds with dehydration, making them attractive as catalysts. This review explores studies on the development of direct dehydrative amide/peptide bond formation reactions from carboxylic acids using organoboron catalysis, classifying them based on chemical bonding and catalysis over approximately 25 years, from the early developmental days to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Koshizuka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minatao-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Naoya Takahashi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minatao-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Molecular Transformations, Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Natural Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan.
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2
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Cavallaro PA, De Santo M, Marinaro R, Belsito EL, Liguori A, Leggio A. Efficient Solution-Phase Dipeptide Synthesis Using Titanium Tetrachloride and Microwave Heating. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9729. [PMID: 39273676 PMCID: PMC11395851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Microwaves have been successfully employed in the Lewis acid titanium tetrachloride-assisted synthesis of peptide systems. Dipeptide systems with their amino function differently protected with urethane protecting groups have been synthesized in short periods of time and with high yields. The formation of the peptide bond between the two reacting amino acids was achieved in pyridine by using titanium tetrachloride as a condensing agent and heating the reaction mixture with a microwave reactor. The reaction conditions are compatible with amino acids featuring various side chains and different protecting groups on both the amino function and side chains. Additionally, the substrates retain their chiral integrity after reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmira Alessia Cavallaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Marzia De Santo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Rocco Marinaro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Emilia Lucia Belsito
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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3
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Guo Y, Wang M, Gao Y, Liu G. Recent advances in asymmetric synthesis of chiral amides and peptides: racemization-free coupling reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4420-4435. [PMID: 38775347 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00563e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Over past decades, chiral amides and peptides have emerged as powerful and versatile compounds due to their various biological activities and interesting molecular architectures. Although some chiral condensation reagents have been applied successfully for their synthesis, the introduction of racemization-free methods of amino acid activation have shown lots of advantages in terms of their low cost and low toxicity. In this review, advancements in amide and peptide synthesis using racemization-free coupling reagents over the last 10 years are summarized. Various racemization-free coupling reagents have been applied in the synthesis of enantioselective amides and peptides, including ynamides, allenones, HSi[OCH(CF3)2]3, Ta(OMe)5, Nb(OEt)5, Ta(OEt)5, TCFH-NMI, water-removable ynamides, DBAA, DATB, o-NosylOXY, TCBOXY, Boc-Oxyma, NDTP, 9-silafluorenyl dichlorides, the Mukaiyama reagent, EDC and T3P. The racemization-free reagents described in this review provide an alternative greener option for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral amides and peptides. We hope that this review will inspire further studies and developments in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Road, Hohhot 010030, China.
| | - Meiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Road, Hohhot 010030, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- Xi'An Renalysis Medical Technology Co., Ltd, 2 Qinling Avenue West, Caotang Science and Technology Industrial Base, Xi'an 710311, China
| | - Guodu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 24 Zhaojun Road, Hohhot 010030, China.
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology, 2 Shandan Street, Hohhot 010010, China
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4
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Sheng ZK, Liu Y, Du LH, Zhang SY, Zhang AY, Xie HJ, Lin H, Yan BL, Xue MM, Ruan ZX, Fu GN, Pan BL, Zhou TY, Luo XP. Development of a green, concise synthesis of nicotinamide derivatives catalysed by Novozym® 435 from Candida antarctica in sustainable continuous-flow microreactors. RSC Adv 2024; 14:131-138. [PMID: 38173597 PMCID: PMC10758761 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07201k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that many nicotinamide derivatives exhibited extensive biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. In this paper, a green, concise synthesis of nicotinamide derivatives in sustainable continuous-flow microreactors catalysed by Novozym® 435 from Candida antarctica has been developed. Application of an easily obtainable and reusable lipase in the synthesis of nicotinamide derivatives from methyl nicotinate and amines/benzylamines reacted for 35 min at 50 °C led to high product yields (81.6-88.5%). Environmentally friendly tert-amyl alcohol was applied as a reaction medium. Substantially shorter reaction times as well as a significant increase in the product yield were obtained as compared to the batch process. This innovative approach provides a promising green, efficient and rapid synthesis strategy for pharmaceutical synthesis and further activity research of novel nicotinamide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kai Sheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Li-Hua Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Shi-Yi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Ao-Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Han-Jia Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Hang Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Bing-Lin Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Miao-Miao Xue
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Zhi-Xuan Ruan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Guo-Neng Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Bing-Le Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Tong-Yao Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, ZheJiang University of Technology Zhejiang Hangzhou 310014 China +86 571 88320903 +86-189-690-693-99
| | - Xi-Ping Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Forestry Biomass, Zhejiang A&F University Zhejiang Hangzhou 311300 China
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Chetankumar E, Bharamawadeyar S, Srinivasulu C, Sureshbabu VV. AITF (4-acetamidophenyl triflimide) mediated synthesis of amides, peptides and esters. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8875-8882. [PMID: 37888883 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01351k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A simple, broadly applicable protocol for amidation and esterification reactions is described. Thereby, 4-acetamidophenyl triflimide (AITF), a crystalline stable reagent, is employed for the activation of carboxylic acids. The use of AITF as a coupling agent is demonstrated in the synthesis of peptides, amides and esters under mild conditions in good to excellent yields. Notably, peptide segment condensations were also accomplished. A diverse array of synthetic protocols showcasing a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility were accomplished. Herein, we systematically summarized the use of AITF in peptide synthesis strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eti Chetankumar
- Peptide Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Chemistry, Sneha Bhavan, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru 560 056, India.
| | - Swetha Bharamawadeyar
- Peptide Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Chemistry, Sneha Bhavan, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru 560 056, India.
| | - Chinthaginjala Srinivasulu
- Peptide Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Chemistry, Sneha Bhavan, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru 560 056, India.
| | - Vommina V Sureshbabu
- Peptide Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Chemistry, Sneha Bhavan, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bengaluru 560 056, India.
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6
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Koshizuka M, Shinoda K, Makino K, Shimada N. Concise Synthesis of 2,5-Diketopiperazines via Catalytic Hydroxy-Directed Peptide Bond Formations. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37125993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
2,5-Diketopiperazines (DKPs) with hydroxymethyl functional groups are essential structures found in many bioactive molecules and functional materials. We have established a simple protocol for the concise synthesis of this type of DKPs through diboronic acid anhydride-catalyzed hydroxy-directed peptide bond formations. The sequential reactions in this report, which consist of three steps, an intermolecular catalytic condensation reaction in which water is the only byproduct, a simple deprotection of the nitrogen-protecting group, and an intramolecular cyclization, enabled the synthesis of functionalized DKPs in high to excellent yields without any intermediate purification. The utility of this protocol has been demonstrated by synthesizing natural products, phomamide and Cyclo(Deala-l-Leu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Koshizuka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kaito Shinoda
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuishi Makino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Molecular Transformations, Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Natural Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
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7
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Gabdullin AM, Kadikova RN, Mozgovoj OS, Ramazanov IR. TaCl
5
‐Catalyzed Amidation of Carboxylic Acids with Amines. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Azat M. Gabdullin
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Ufa Federal Research Center Russian Academy of Sciences 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya Ufa 450075 Russian Federation
| | - Rita N. Kadikova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Ufa Federal Research Center Russian Academy of Sciences 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya Ufa 450075 Russian Federation
| | - Oleg S. Mozgovoj
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Ufa Federal Research Center Russian Academy of Sciences 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya Ufa 450075 Russian Federation
| | - Ilfir R. Ramazanov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis Ufa Federal Research Center Russian Academy of Sciences 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya Ufa 450075 Russian Federation
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8
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Highly Efficient Synthesis of Cinnamamides from Methyl Cinnamates and Phenylethylamines Catalyzed by Lipozyme® TL IM under Continuous-Flow Microreactors. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12101265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While a few derivatives of cinnamamides exhibited anti-inflammatory and/ or analgesic activity, in this study, we developed a highly efficient method for the synthesis of cinnamamides from methyl cinnamates and phenylethylamines catalyzed by Lipozyme® TL IM in continuous-flow microreactors. The reaction parameters and broad substrate range of the new method was studied. Maximum conversion (91.3%) was obtained under the optimal condition of substrate molar ratio of 1:2 (methyl 4-chlorocinnamate: phenylethylamine) at 45 °C for about 40 min. The remarkable features of this work include short residence time, mild reaction conditions, easy control of the reaction process, and that the catalyst can be recycled or reused, which provide a rapid and economical strategy for the synthesis and design of cinnamamide derivatives for further research on drug activity.
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9
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Muramatsu W, Yamamoto H. Organocatalytic Activation of Inert Hydrosilane for Peptide Bond Formation. Org Lett 2022; 24:7194-7199. [PMID: 36166483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the development of a reliable catalytic protocol for peptide bond formation that is generally applicable to natural and unnatural α-amino acids, β-amino acids, and peptides bearing various functional groups. A 10 mol % loading of HSi[OCH(CF3)2]3 as a catalyst was sufficient to guarantee a consistently high yield of the resulting peptide. This method facilitates the sustainable utilization of natural resources by using a catalyst and an auxiliary based on earth-abundant silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Muramatsu
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
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10
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Muramatsu W, Yamamoto H. An economical approach for peptide synthesis via regioselective C-N bond cleavage of lactams. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6309-6315. [PMID: 35733900 PMCID: PMC9159104 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01466a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An economical, solvent-free, and metal-free method for peptide synthesis via C-N bond cleavage using lactams has been developed. The method not only eliminates the need for condensation agents and their auxiliaries, which are essential for conventional peptide synthesis, but also exhibits high atom economy. The reaction is versatile because it can tolerate side chains bearing a range of functional groups, affording up to >99% yields of the corresponding peptides without racemisation or polymerisation. Moreover, the developed strategy enables peptide segment coupling, providing access to a hexapeptide that occurs as a repeat sequence in spider silk proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Muramatsu
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Peptide Research Center, Chubu University 1200 Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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11
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Braddock DC, Davies JJ, Lickiss PD. Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTM) as a Reagent for Direct Amidation of Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:1175-1179. [PMID: 35084870 PMCID: PMC9007566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Methyltrimethoxysilane [MTM, CH3Si(OMe)3]
has been demonstrated to be an effective, inexpensive, and safe reagent
for the direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines. Two simple
workup procedures that provide the pure amide product without the
need for further purification have been developed. The first employs
an aqueous base-mediated annihilation of MTM. The second involves
simple product crystallization from the reaction mixture providing
a low process mass intensity
direct amidation protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Christopher Braddock
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Joshua J Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Paul D Lickiss
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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12
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Wang A, Xie Y, Wang J, Shi D, Yu H. Atom-economic amide synthesis by using an iron-substituted polyoxometalate catalyst. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1127-1130. [PMID: 34981100 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient and economical amidation strategy by using a polyoxometalate-based iron catalyst that affords the corresponding amide products in good yields. All of the aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic substrates are produced in high yields without additional base or organic ligands. Most importantly, the first example of heterogeneous iron(III)-catalyzed formation of the diamides is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China.
| | - Ya Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Laboratoire d' Electrochimie et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie, UMR CNRS 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Da Shi
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China.
| | - Han Yu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China. .,Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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13
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Nguyen TTT, Duong VD, Pham TNN, Duong QT, Nguyen TB. Sulfur–DMSO promoted oxidative coupling of active methylhetarenes with amines: access to amides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8054-8058. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The sulfur–DMSO couple was found to promote the coupling of active methylhetarenes with amines to yield amides under heating conditions. When 2-methylquinoline was used as the methylhetarene component, the reaction could be catalyzed by Fe, Co and Ni salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Tram Nguyen
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | - Viet Dung Duong
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thi Ngoc Nga Pham
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | - Quoc Thanh Duong
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Binh Nguyen
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 1, av de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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14
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Zhang Y, de Azambuja F, Parac-Vogt TN. Zirconium oxo clusters as discrete molecular catalysts for the direct amide bond formation. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00421f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A discrete dodecanuclear Zr oxo cluster catalyzed the direct formation of amide bonds without the need of water scavenging or dry reactions conditions showcasing the potential of these molecular clusters to become a new class of efficient catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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