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Li H, Fu W, Yin J, Zhang J, Ran H, Zhang M, Jiang W, Zhu W, Li H, Dai S. Porous ionic liquids for oxidative desulfurization influenced by electrostatic solvent effect. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:160-170. [PMID: 38340515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Developing a highly efficient strategy for the stabilization of the solid-liquid interface is a persistent pursuit for researchers. Herein, porous ionic liquids based on UiO-66 (Zr) porous materials were synthesized and applied to the selective desulfurization catalysis, which integrates the permanent pores of porous solids with the exceptional properties of ionic liquids. Results show that porous ionic liquids possess high activity and selectivity for dibenzothiophene. Experimental analysis and density functional theory calculations revealed that the ionic liquids moiety served as an extractant to enrich dibenzothiophene into the porous ionic liquids phase through the π···π and CH···π interactions. Additionally, the electrostatic solvent effect in the porous ionic liquids contributes to the stabilization solid-liquid interface, which was favorable for UiO-66 moiety to catalytically activate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate ·OH radicals, and subsequently oxidized dibenzothiophene to the corresponding sulfone. It is hoped that the development of porous ionic liquids could pave a new route to the stabilization of the solid-liquid interface for catalytic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Li
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wendi Fu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jinrui Zhang
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hongshun Ran
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Huaming Li
- Institute for Energy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN 37996, United States; Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States.
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2
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Ning H, Shi M, Yang Q, Huang J, Zhang X, Wu Y, Jie K. Rational Design of Porous Ionic Liquids for Coupling Natural Gas Purification with Waste Gas Conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310741. [PMID: 37706280 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Removal of trace impurities for natural gas purification coupled with waste gas conversion is highly desired in industry. We here report a type of porous ionic liquids (PILs) that can realize the continuous flow separation of CH4 /CO2 /H2 S and the conversion of the captured H2 S to useful products. The PILs are synthesized through a step-by-step surface modification of ionic liquids (ILs) onto UiO-66-OH nanocrystals. The introduction of free tertiary amine groups on the nanocrystal surface endows these PILs with an exceptional ability to enrich H2 S from CO2 and CH4 with impressive selectivity, while the permanent pores of UiO-66-OH act as containers to store an exceptionally higher amount of the selectively captured H2 S than the corresponding nonporous ILs. Simultaneously, the tertiary amines as dual functional moieties offer effective catalytic sites for the conversion of the H2 S stored in PILs into 3-mercaptoisobutyric acid, a key intermediate required for the synthesis of Captopril (an antihypertensive drug). Molecular dynamics, density functional theory calculations and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations help understand both the mechanisms of separation and catalysis performance, confirming that the tertiary amines as well as the permanent pores in UiO-66-OH play vital roles in the whole procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Youting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, Nanjing University, Suzhou, 215163, P. R. China
| | - Kecheng Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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3
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Avila J, Corsini C, Correa CM, Rosenthal M, Padua A, Costa Gomes M. Porous Ionic Liquids Go Green. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19508-19513. [PMID: 37812175 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective points toward pathways to prepare porous ionic liquids using easily accessible materials, aiming for reduced environmental impact. We demonstrate that suspensions of porous solids are stable in eutectic mixtures, underscoring their potential for the preparation of porous ionic liquids. Porous ionic liquids retain the wide electrochemical window observed in their precursor pure ionic liquids, rendering them well-suited for green electrochemical reactions, particularly those involving gases whose solubility is enhanced in the porous suspensions. Moreover, their capacity as gas-rich media points to sustainable biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, provided nontoxic, biocompatible ionic liquids and porous solids are utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocasta Avila
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS Lyon, CNRS and Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Chiara Corsini
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS Lyon, CNRS and Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Cintia M Correa
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS Lyon, CNRS and Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Martin Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Box 2404, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Dual-Belgian-Beamline (DUBBLE), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Agilio Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS Lyon, CNRS and Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Margarida Costa Gomes
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS Lyon, CNRS and Université de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
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4
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Clark R, Ávila J, Costa Gomes M, Padua AAH. Solvation Environments in Porous Ionic Liquids Determine Selectivity in CO 2 Conversion to Cyclic Carbonates. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3266-3277. [PMID: 37011369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Porous ionic liquids, which are suspensions of nanoporous particles in ionic liquids that maintain permanent porosity, are effective and selective media for the conversion of styrene oxide into styrene carbonate, absorbing CO2 [Zhou et al. Chem. Commun. 2021, 57, 7922-7925]. Here we elucidate the mechanism of selectivity using polarizable molecular dynamics simulations, which provide a detailed view on the structure of the porous ionic liquid and on the local solvation environments of the reacting species. The porous ionic liquids studied are composed of tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium chloride, or [P66614]Cl, and the ZIF-8 zinc-methylimidazolate metal-organic framework (MOF). The CL&Pol polarizable force field was extended to represent epoxide and cyclic carbonate functional groups, allowing the ionic liquid, the reactants, and the MOF to be all represented by fully flexible, polarizable force fields, providing a detailed description of interactions. The presence of reactant and product molecules leads to changes in the structure of the ionic liquid, revealed by domain analysis. The structure of local solvation environments, namely, the arrangement of charged moieties and CO2 around the epoxide ring of the reactant molecules, clearly indicate ring-opening the reaction mechanism. The MOF acts as a reservoir of CO2 through its free volume. The solute molecules are found in the accessible outer cavities of the MOF, which promotes reaction of the epoxide with CO2 excluding other epoxide molecules, thereby preventing the formation of oligomers, which explains the selectivity toward conversion to cyclic carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Clark
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69342 Lyon, France
| | - Jocasta Ávila
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69342 Lyon, France
| | - Margarida Costa Gomes
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69342 Lyon, France
| | - Agilio A H Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon and CNRS, 69342 Lyon, France
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Utilization of Porous Liquids for Catalytic Conversion. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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6
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Wylie L, Perli G, Avila J, Livi S, Duchet-Rumeau J, Costa Gomes M, Padua A. Theoretical Analysis of Physical and Chemical CO 2 Absorption by Tri- and Tetraepoxidized Imidazolium Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9901-9910. [PMID: 36383753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The efficient capture of CO2 from flue gas or directly from the atmosphere is a key subject to mitigate global warming, with several chemical and physical absorption methods previously reported. Through polarizable molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and high-level quantum chemical (QC) calculations, the physical and chemical absorption of CO2 by ionic liquids based on imidazolium cations bearing oxirane groups was investigated. The ability of the imidazolium group to absorb CO2 was found to be prevalent in both the tri- and tetraepoxidized imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with coordination numbers over 2 for CO2 within the first solvation shell in both systems. Thermodynamic analysis of the addition of CO2 to convert epoxy groups to cyclic carbonates also indicated that the overall reaction is exergonic for all systems tested, allowing for chemical absorption of CO2 to also be favored. The rate-determining step of the chemical absorption involved the initial opening of the epoxy ring through addition of the chloride anion and was seen to vary greatly between the epoxy groups tested. Among the groups tested, the less sterically hindered monoepoxy side of the triepoxidized imidazolium was shown to be uniquely capable of undergoing intramolecular hydrogen bonding and thus lowering the barrier required for the intermediate structure to form during the reaction. Overall, this theoretical investigation highlights the potential for epoxidized imidazolium chloride ionic liquids for simultaneous chemical and physical absorption of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wylie
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon 69342, France
| | - Gabriel Perli
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | - Jocasta Avila
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon 69342, France
| | - Sebastien Livi
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | - Jannick Duchet-Rumeau
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, INSA Lyon, Villeurbanne F-69621, France
| | | | - Agilio Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Lyon 69342, France
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7
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Porous liquids for gas capture, separation, and conversion: Narrowing the knowing-doing gap. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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8
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Mukesh C, Sarmad S, Samikannu A, Nikjoo D, Siljebo W, Mikkola JP. Pore size-excluded low viscous porous liquids for CO2 sorption at room temperature and thermodynamic modeling study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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9
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Egleston BD, Mroz A, Jelfs KE, Greenaway RL. Porous liquids - the future is looking emptier. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5042-5054. [PMID: 35655552 PMCID: PMC9093153 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00087c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of microporosity in the liquid state is leading to an inherent change in the way we approach applications of functional porosity, potentially allowing access to new processes by exploiting the fluidity of these new materials. By engineering permanent porosity into a liquid, over the transient intermolecular porosity in all liquids, it is possible to design and form a porous liquid. Since the concept was proposed in 2007, and the first examples realised in 2015, the field has seen rapid advances among the types and numbers of porous liquids developed, our understanding of the structure and properties, as well as improvements in gas uptake and molecular separations. However, despite these recent advances, the field is still young, and with only a few applications reported to date, the potential that porous liquids have to transform the field of microporous materials remains largely untapped. In this review, we will explore the theory and conception of porous liquids and cover major advances in the area, key experimental characterisation techniques and computational approaches that have been employed to understand these systems, and summarise the investigated applications of porous liquids that have been presented to date. We also outline an emerging discovery workflow with recommendations for the characterisation required at each stage to both confirm permanent porosity and fully understand the physical properties of the porous liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Egleston
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Austin Mroz
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Rebecca L Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
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Zhang Z, Yang B, Zhang B, Cui M, Tang J, Qiao X. Type II porous ionic liquid based on metal-organic cages that enables L-tryptophan identification. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2353. [PMID: 35487897 PMCID: PMC9054828 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous liquids with chemical separation properties are quite well-studied in general, but there is only a handful of reports in the context of identification and separation of non-gaseous molecules. Herein, we report a Type II porous ionic liquid composed of coordination cages that exhibits exceptional selectivity towards L-tryptophan (L-Trp) over other aromatic amino acids. A previously known class of anionic organic-inorganic hybrid doughnut-like cage (HD) is dissolved in trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride (THTP_Cl). The resulting liquid, HD/THTP_Cl, is thereby composed of common components, facile to prepare, and exhibit room temperature fluidity. The permanent porosity is manifested by the high-pressure isotherm for CH4 and modeling studies. With evidence from time-dependent amino acid uptake, competitive extraction studies and molecular dynamic simulations, HD/THTP_Cl exhibit better selectivity towards L-Trp than other solid state sorbents, and we attribute it to not only the intrinsic porosity of HD but also the host-guest interactions between HD and L-Trp. Specifically, each HD unit is filled with nearly 5 L-Trp molecules, which is higher than the L-Trp occupation in the structure unit of other benchmark metal-organic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Mifen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No. 5 Xinmofan Road, 210009, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), No. 5 Xinmofan Road, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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Bakis E, Goloviznina K, Vaz ICM, Sloboda D, Hazens D, Valkovska V, Klimenkovs I, Padua A, Costa Gomes M. Unravelling free volume in branched-cation ionic liquids based on silicon. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9062-9073. [PMID: 36091212 PMCID: PMC9365092 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01696f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with remarkably low density and viscosity. The relatively low liquid densities suggest a large free volume in these liquids. Argon solubility was measured using a precise saturation method to probe the relative free volumes. Argon molar solubilities were slightly higher in ionic liquids with alkylsilane and siloxane groups within the cation, compared to carbon-based branched groups. The anion size, however, showed by far the dominant effect on argon solubility. Thermodynamic solvation parameters were derived from the solubility data and the argon solvation environment was modelled utilizing the polarizable CL&Pol force field. Semiquantitative analysis was in agreement with trends established from the experimental data. The results of this investigation demonstrate design principles for targeted ionic liquids when optimisation for the free volume is required, and demonstrate the utility of argon as a simple, noninteracting probe. As more ionic liquids find their way into industrial processes of scale, these findings are important for their utilisation in the capture of any gaseous solute, gas separation, or in processes involving the transformation of gases or small molecules. The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with remarkably low density and viscosity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduards Bakis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Kateryna Goloviznina
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Inês C. M. Vaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Diana Sloboda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Daniels Hazens
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Valda Valkovska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Igors Klimenkovs
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Agilio Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
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Li X, Zhang J, Su F, Wang D, Yao D, Zheng Y. Construction and Application of Porous Ionic Liquids. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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