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Li Y, Zhao X, Tang J, Yi M, Zai X, Zhang J, Cheng G, Yang Y, Xu J. Endogenous capsid-forming protein ARC for self-assembling nanoparticle vaccines. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:513. [PMID: 39192264 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of nanoscale scaffolds has become a promising strategy in vaccine design, with protein-based nanoparticles offering desirable avenues for the biocompatible and efficient delivery of antigens. Here, we presented a novel endogenous capsid-forming protein, activated-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC), which could be engineered through the plug-and-play strategy (SpyCatcher3/SpyTag3) for multivalent display of antigens. Combined with the self-assembly capacity and flexible modularity of ARC, ARC-based vaccines elicited robust immune responses against Mpox or SARS-CoV-2, comparable to those induced by ferritin-based vaccines. Additionally, ARC-based nanoparticles functioned as immunostimulants, efficiently stimulating dendritic cells and facilitating germinal center responses. Even without adjuvants, ARC-based vaccines generated protective immune responses in a lethal challenge model. Hence, this study showed the feasibility of ARC as a novel protein-based nanocarrier for multivalent surface display of pathogenic antigens and demonstrated the potential of exploiting recombinant mammalian retrovirus-like protein as a delivery vehicle for bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Mengran Yi
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xiaodong Zai
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yilong Yang
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Junjie Xu
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, 100071, China.
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2
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Ohara N, Kawakami N, Arai R, Adachi N, Ikeda A, Senda T, Miyamoto K. Fusion then fission: splitting and reassembly of an artificial fusion-protein nanocage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4605-4608. [PMID: 38586927 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
A split-protein system is a simple approach to introduce new termini which are useful as modification sites in protein engineering, but has been adapted mainly for monomeric proteins. Here we demonstrate the design of split subunits of the 60-mer artificial fusion-protein nanocage TIP60. The subunit fragments successfully reformed the cage structure in the same manner as prior to splitting. One of the newly introduced terminals at the interior surface can be modified using a tag peptide and green fluorescent protein. Therefore, the termini could serve as a versatile modification site for incorporating a wide variety of functional peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Ohara
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Norifumi Kawakami
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Adachi
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Akihito Ikeda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshiya Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
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Nasu E, Kawakami N, Takamura S, Hotta A, Arai R, Miyamoto K. Thermally Reversible Gel-Sol Transition of Hydrogels via Dissociation and Association of an Artificial Protein Nanocage. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2358-2366. [PMID: 38445465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Oligomeric protein nanocages often disassemble into their subunits and reassemble by external stimuli. Thus, using these nanocages as cross-linkers for hydrogel network structures is a promising approach to allow hydrogels to undergo stimuli-responsive gel-sol transitions or self-healing. Here, we report hydrogels that show a reversible gel-sol transition resulting from the heat-induced dissociation and reassociation of protein nanocages. The hydrogel contained the 60-mer artificial protein nanocage, TIP60, as a supramolecular cross-linker for polyethylene glycol network structures. The hydrogel showed a gel-to-sol transition upon heating at a temperature above the melting point of TIP60 and immediately returned to a gel state upon cooling to room temperature. During the heating and cooling treatment of the hydrogel, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis suggested the dissociation and reassociation of TIP60. Furthermore, we demonstrated redox-responsive cargo release from TIP60 in the hydrogel. These results showed the potential of TIP60 as a component of multi-stimuli-responsive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nasu
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawakami
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takamura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hotta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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4
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Priyanka, Mohan B, Poonia E, Kumar S, Virender, Singh C, Xiong J, Liu X, Pombeiro AJL, Singh G. COVID-19 Virus Structural Details: Optical and Electrochemical Detection. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:479-500. [PMID: 37382834 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The increasing viral species have ruined people's health and the world's economy. Therefore, it is urgent to design bio-responsive materials to provide a vast platform for detecting a different family's passive or active virus. One can design a reactive functional unit for that moiety based on the particular bio-active moieties in viruses. Nanomaterials as optical and electrochemical biosensors have enabled better tools and devices to develop rapid virus detection. Various material science platforms are available for real-time monitoring and detecting COVID-19 and other viral loads. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of nanomaterials in developing the tools for optical and electrochemical sensing COVID-19. In addition, nanomaterials used to detect other human viruses have been studied, providing insights for developing COVID-19 sensing materials. The basic strategies for nanomaterials develop as virus sensors, fabrications, and detection performances are studied. Moreover, the new methods to enhance the virus sensing properties are discussed to provide a gateway for virus detection in variant forms. The study will provide systematic information and working of virus sensors. In addition, the deep discussion of structural properties and signal changes will offer a new gate for researchers to develop new virus sensors for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Brij Mohan
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. RoviscoPais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ekta Poonia
- Department of Chemistry, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Sonepat, 131039, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Virender
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Jichuan Xiong
- Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People's Republic of China
| | - Armando J L Pombeiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. RoviscoPais, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gurjaspreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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João J, Prazeres DMF. Manufacturing of non-viral protein nanocages for biotechnological and biomedical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1200729. [PMID: 37520292 PMCID: PMC10374429 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1200729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein nanocages are highly ordered nanometer scale architectures, which are typically formed by homo- or hetero-self-assembly of multiple monomers into symmetric structures of different size and shape. The intrinsic characteristics of protein nanocages make them very attractive and promising as a biological nanomaterial. These include, among others, a high surface/volume ratio, multi-functionality, ease to modify or manipulate genetically or chemically, high stability, mono-dispersity, and biocompatibility. Since the beginning of the investigation into protein nanocages, several applications were conceived in a variety of areas such as drug delivery, vaccine development, bioimaging, biomineralization, nanomaterial synthesis and biocatalysis. The ability to generate large amounts of pure and well-folded protein assemblies is one of the keys to transform nanocages into clinically valuable products and move biomedical applications forward. This calls for the development of more efficient biomanufacturing processes and for the setting up of analytical techniques adequate for the quality control and characterization of the biological function and structure of nanocages. This review concisely covers and overviews the progress made since the emergence of protein nanocages as a new, next-generation class of biologics. A brief outline of non-viral protein nanocages is followed by a presentation of their main applications in the areas of bioengineering, biotechnology, and biomedicine. Afterwards, we focus on a description of the current processes used in the manufacturing of protein nanocages with particular emphasis on the most relevant aspects of production and purification. The state-of-the-art on current characterization techniques is then described and future alternative or complementary approaches in development are also discussed. Finally, a critical analysis of the limitations and drawbacks of the current manufacturing strategies is presented, alongside with the identification of the major challenges and bottlenecks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge João
- iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Duarte Miguel F. Prazeres
- iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Nasu E, Kawakami N, Ohara N, Hayashi K, Miyamoto K. Column-free purification of an artificial protein nanocage, TIP60. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 205:106232. [PMID: 36642237 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein nanocages, which have inner cavities and surface pores, are attractive materials for various applications, such as in catalysts and medicine. Recently, we produced an artificial protein nanocage, TIP60, and demonstrated its potential as a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier. In the present study, we report a simple purification method for TIP60 that can replace time-consuming and costly affinity chromatography purification. TIP60, which has an anionic surface charge, aggregated at mildly acidic pH and redissolved at neutral pH, maintaining its cage structure. This pH-responsive reversible precipitation allowed us to purify TIP60 from soluble fractions of the E. coli cell lysate by controlling the pH. Compared with conventional Ni-NTA column purification, the pH-responsive precipitation method provided purified TIP60 with similar purity (∼80%) and higher yield. This precipitation purification method should facilitate the large-scale investigation and practical use of TIP60 nanocages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nasu
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawakami
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Naoya Ohara
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hayashi
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8522, Japan.
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7
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Himiyama T, Hamaguchi T, Yonekura K, Nakamura T. Unnaturally Distorted Hexagonal Protein Ring Alternatingly Reorganized from Two Distinct Chemically Modified Proteins. Bioconjug Chem 2023. [PMID: 36888722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we constructed a semiartificial protein assembly of alternating ring type, which was modified from the natural assembly state via incorporation of a synthetic component at the protein interface. For the redesign of a natural protein assembly, a scrap-and-build approach employing chemical modification was used. Two different protein dimer units were designed based on peroxiredoxin from Thermococcus kodakaraensis, which originally forms a dodecameric hexagonal ring with six homodimers. The two dimeric mutants were reorganized into a ring by reconstructing the protein-protein interactions via synthetic naphthalene moieties introduced by chemical modification. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed the formation of a uniquely shaped dodecameric hexagonal protein ring with broken symmetry, distorted from the regular hexagon of the wild-type protein. The artificially installed naphthalene moieties were arranged at the interfaces of dimer units, forming two distinct protein-protein interactions, one of which is highly unnatural. This study deciphered the potential of the chemical modification technique that constructs semiartificial protein structures and assembly hardly accessible by conventional amino acid mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Himiyama
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, 1-1-1, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakamura
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
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Ohara N, Kawakami N, Arai R, Adachi N, Moriya T, Kawasaki M, Miyamoto K. Reversible Assembly of an Artificial Protein Nanocage Using Alkaline Earth Metal Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:216-223. [PMID: 36541447 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein nanocages are of increasing interest for use as drug capsules, but the encapsulation and release of drug molecules at appropriate times require the reversible association and dissociation of the nanocages. One promising approach to addressing this challenge is the design of metal-dependent associating proteins. Such designed proteins typically have Cys or His residues at the protein surface for connecting the associating proteins through metal-ion coordination. However, Cys and His residues favor interactions with soft and borderline metal ions, such as Au+ and Zn2+, classified by the hard and soft acids and bases concept, restricting the types of metal ions available to drive association. Here, we show the alkaline earth (AE) metal-dependent association of the recently designed artificial protein nanocage TIP60, which is composed of 60-mer fusion proteins. The introduction of a Glu (hard base) mutation to the fusion protein (K67E mutant) prevented the formation of the 60-mer but formed the expected cage structure in the presence of Ca, Sr, or Ba ions (hard acids). Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analysis indicated a Ba ion at the interface of the subunits. Furthermore, we demonstrated the encapsulation and release of single-stranded DNA molecules using this system. Our results provide insights into the design of AE metal-dependent association and dissociation mechanisms for proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Ohara
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawakami
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.,Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Adachi
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshio Moriya
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masato Kawasaki
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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9
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Kobayashi N, Arai R. Protein Cages and Nanostructures Constructed from Protein Nanobuilding Blocks. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2671:79-94. [PMID: 37308639 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3222-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein cages and nanostructures are promising biocompatible medical materials, such as vaccines and drug carriers. Recent advances in designed protein nanocages and nanostructures have opened up cutting-edge applications in the fields of synthetic biology and biopharmaceuticals. A simple approach for constructing self-assembling protein nanocages and nanostructures is the design of a fusion protein composed of two different proteins forming symmetric oligomers. In this chapter, we describe the design and methods of protein nanobuilding blocks (PN-Blocks) using a dimeric de novo protein WA20 to construct self-assembling protein cages and nanostructures. A protein nanobuilding block (PN-Block), WA20-foldon, was developed by fusing an intermolecularly folded dimeric de novo protein WA20 and a trimeric foldon domain from bacteriophage T4 fibritin. The WA20-foldon self-assembled into several oligomeric nanoarchitectures in multiples of 6-mer. De novo extender protein nanobuilding blocks (ePN-Blocks) were also developed by fusing tandemly two WA20 with various linkers, to construct self-assembling cyclized and extended chain-like nanostructures. These PN-Blocks would be useful for the construction of self-assembling protein cages and nanostructures and their potential applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kobayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, Japan.
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano, Japan.
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10
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Hirota S, Mashima T, Kobayashi N. Use of 3D domain swapping in constructing supramolecular metalloproteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12074-12086. [PMID: 34714300 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04608j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecules, which are formed by assembling multiple molecules by noncovalent intermolecular interactions instead of covalent bonds, often show additional properties that cannot be exhibited by a single molecule. Supramolecules have evolved into molecular machines in the field of chemistry, and various supramolecular proteins are responsible for life activities in the field of biology. The design and creation of supramolecular proteins will lead to development of new enzymes, functional biomaterials, drug delivery systems, etc.; thus, the number of studies on the regulation of supramolecular proteins is increasing year by year. Several methods, including disulfide bond, metal coordination, and surface-surface interaction, have been utilized to construct supramolecular proteins. In nature, proteins have been shown to form oligomers by 3D domain swapping (3D-DS), a phenomenon in which a structural region is exchanged between molecules of the same protein. We have been studying the mechanism of 3D-DS and utilizing 3D-DS to construct supramolecular metalloproteins. Cytochrome c forms cyclic oligomers and polymers by 3D-DS, whereas other metalloproteins, such as various c-type cytochromes and azurin form small oligomers and myoglobin forms a compact dimer. We have also utilized 3D-DS to construct heterodimers with different active sites, a protein nanocage encapsulating a Zn-SO4 cluster in the internal cavity, and a tetrahedron with a designed building block protein. Protein oligomer formation was controlled for the 3D-DS dimer of a dimer-monomer transition protein. This article reviews our research on supramolecular metalloproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Hirota
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Mashima
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Naoya Kobayashi
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
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