1
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Mukhopadhyay S, Sahoo RK, Patro AG, Khuntia AP, Nembenna S. Low-valent germanium and tin hydrides as catalysts for hydroboration, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of heterocumulenes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:18207-18216. [PMID: 39466610 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
The low-valent germanium and tin hydrides, [LMH; L = {(ArHN)(ArN)-CN-C(NAr)(NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et2-C6H3}; M = Ge; (Ge-1), Sn (Sn-2)] bearing bis-guanidinato anions are employed as catalysts for chemoselective reduction of heterocumulenes via hydroboration reactions. This protocol demonstrates that a wide range of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, isothiocyanates, and isoselenocyanates undergo partial reduction, yielding the corresponding N-boryl formamidine, N-boryl formamide, N-boryl thioformamide, and N-boryl selenoformamide products, respectively. Isocyanates and isothiocyanates are further converted into N-boryl methyl amines through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions in the presence of catalyst Ge-1. Additionally, catalyst Sn-2 exhibits excellent inter and intra-molecular chemoselectivity over other functional groups. Based on stoichiometric experiments, a plausible catalytic cycle for chemoselective hydroboration of heterocumulenes is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Mukhopadhyay
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India.
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India.
| | - A Ganesh Patro
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India.
| | - Anwesh Prasad Khuntia
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India.
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India.
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2
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Wang C, Huang M, Miao H, Liu C, Qin Z, Ma W, Han M, Yu J, Li Y, Wei B, Chen Z. Alkylaluminum Complexes Featuring Bridged Bis-Formylfluorenimide Ligands for Hydroboration of Aldehyde, Ketone, and Imines. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:19332-19343. [PMID: 39360903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Three bis-formylfluorenimide ligands with different bridging groups were designed and synthesized, leading to the successful preparation of six novel alkylaluminum complexes through their reaction with alkylaluminum reagents (AlMe3 or AlEt3). Complexes 1 and 2 were obtained by the reaction of 1,2-propylene-bridged diamine (L1) with AlMe3 or AlEt3. By reacting 1,2-cyclohexylene-bridged diamine (L2) with AlMe3 or AlEt3 to obtain complexes 3 and 4. The above ligands formed a bidentate four-coordinate structure with alkylaluminum, which involved the elimination of one alkyl group as the ligand reacted with alkylaluminum. The complexes 5 and 6 were synthesized through the reaction of 1,2-phenylene-bridged diamine (L3) with AlEt3 in toluene or tetrahydrofuran. Notably, L3 exhibited unique reactivity compared with the other ligands, which formed a tridentate four-coordinated structure when reacting with alkylaluminum. The formation of the tridentate complex resulted from the introduction of a benzimidazole derivative or tetrahydrofuran (THF) molecule along with the elimination of two alkyl groups during its coordination with alkylaluminum. All complexes were characterized via 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis, with structural determination confirmed through X-ray. Furthermore, the catalytic activity in the hydroboration reaction of aldehyde, ketone, and imines was investigated with these complexes as catalysts. Among them, complex 1 demonstrated excellent catalytic performance (up to 99% yield) and broad substrate compatibility (more than 30 substrates) at low catalyst loading (1 mol %) under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Mengna Huang
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Hui Miao
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Liu
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Zhibiao Qin
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Wenning Ma
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, P. R. China
| | - Yongmin Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, P. R. China
| | - Biao Wei
- Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory for Innovative Drug Research and Industry Integration, School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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3
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Karmakar H, Kumar GS, Pal K, Chandrasekhar V, Panda TK. Tri-coordinated zinc alkyl complexes with N^ S/ Se coordination of imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands as precursors for efficient hydroboration of nitriles and esters. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10592-10602. [PMID: 38855964 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00840e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A series of tri-coordinated zinc alkyl complexes with the general molecular formula [κ2NE-{NHIRP(Ph)(E)N-Dipp}ZnEt] [R = Dipp (2,6-diisopropylphenyl), E = S (3a), Se (3b) and R = tBu (tert-butyl), E = S (4a), Se (4b)] bearing imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands were prepared in good yields from the reaction between the protic imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligand [NHIRP(Ph)(E)NH-Dipp] [R = Dipp, E = S (1a), Se (1b) and R = tBu, E = S (2a), Se (2b)] and diethylzinc at room temperature. The molecular structures of all the zinc complexes were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the solid state, all complexes exhibited a distorted trigonal planar geometry around the zinc ion. Metal-chalcogenide (Zn-S/Se) interactions were observed in the coordination sphere. These zinc alkyl complexes were employed as pre-catalysts in the hydroboration reaction of nitriles and esters to obtain the corresponding N,N-diborylamines and boronate esters, respectively, under ambient conditions. A wide substrate scope of nitriles and esters is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Gobbilla Sai Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Kuntal Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, 500107, Hyderabad, India.
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
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4
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Kapp L, Wölper C, Siera H, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Catalytic hydroboration of aldehydes and ketones with an electron-rich acyclic metallasilylene. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4161-4170. [PMID: 38487240 PMCID: PMC10935726 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06842k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of main group metal complexes in catalytic reactions is of increasing interest. Here we show that the electron-rich, acyclic metallasilylene L'(Cl)GaSiL C (L' = HC[C(Me)NDipp]2, Dipp = 2,6-iPr2C6H3; L = PhC(NtBu)2) acts as a precatalyst in the hydroboration of aldehydes with HBPin. Mechanistic studies with iso-valeraldehyde show that silylene C first reacts with the aldehyde with [2 + 1] cycloaddition in an oxidative addition to the oxasilirane 1, followed by formation of the alkoxysilylene LSiOCH[Ga(Cl)L']CH2CHMe2 (2), whose formation formally results from a reductive elimination reaction at the Si center. Alkoxysilylene 2 represents the active hydroboration catalyst and shows the highest catalytic activity with n-hexanal (reaction time: 40 min, yield: >99%, TOF = 150 h-1) at room temperature with a catalytic load of only 1 mol%. Furthermore, the hydroboration reaction catalysed by alkoxysilylene 2 is a living reaction with good chemoselectivity. Quantum chemical calculations not only provide mechanistic insights into the formation of alkoxysilylene 2 but also show that two completely different hydroboration mechanisms are possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Kapp
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Hannah Siera
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5-7 45117 Essen Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Be Germany
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5
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Koptseva TS, Skatova AA, Moskalev MV, Rumyantcev RV, Fedushkin IL. Diversity of transformation of heteroallenes on acenaphthene-1,2-diimine aluminum oxide. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4643-4651. [PMID: 38357860 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The reactions of oxide [(dpp-bian)Al(μ2-O)2Al(dpp-bian)] (1) (dpp-bian = 1,2-bis[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene) with phenyl- or cyclohexylisocyanates result in the formation of carbonimidate derivatives [(dpp-bian)Al(μ-O)(μ-RNCO2)Al(dpp-bian)] (R = Ph, 2; Cy, 3). Addition of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to compound 1 leads to the formation of ureate complex [(dpp-bian)Al(μ-O)(μ-(CyN)2CO)Al(dpp-bian)] (4). The reactions of the oxide 1 with pinacolborane and catecholborane afford oxo-bridged hydride [{(dpp-bian)Al(H)}(μ-O){Al(OBpin)(dpp-bian)}] (5) and compound [{(dpp-bian)Al(OBCat)}2(μ-O)] (7), respectively. Insertion of cyclohexylisocyanate into the Al-H bond of compound 5 gives CO insertion product [{(dpp-bian)Al(OC(H)NCy)}(μ-O){Al(OBpin)(dpp-bian)}] (6). New compounds have been characterized by ESR and IR spectroscopy; their molecular structures have been established by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The oxide 1 serves as a catalyst for the hydroboration of heteroallenes (isocyanates, carbodiimides) with pinacolborane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana S Koptseva
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexandra A Skatova
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail V Moskalev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Roman V Rumyantcev
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
| | - Igor L Fedushkin
- G. A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina Str. 49, Nizhny Novgorod, 603137, Russian Federation.
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6
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Goswami S, Mandal P, Sarkar S, Mukherjee M, Pal S, Mallick D, Mukherjee D. Flexible NHC-aryloxido aluminum complex and its zwitterionic imidazolium aluminate precursor in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1346-1354. [PMID: 38164613 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Anionic donor-functionalized NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes of Al are rare. We report one such case here, an NHC-aryloxido AlMe2 complex [Al(L)Me2] (2), following a stepwise synthesis from the proligand [HO-4,6-tBu2-C6H2-2-CH2{CH(NCHCHNAr)}]Br [LH2Br; Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3 (Dipp)] and AlMe3via the zwitterionic intermediate [Al(LH)Me2Br] (1). The ligand's flexibility in 2 is evident from the conformational fluxionality revealed by VT-1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The ∠O-Al-C (ca. 100.5°) bite angle is also wider than the ∠O-Ti-C (ca. 80.6°) as seen in our recently reported Ti complex [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br]. DFT analysis showed that the CNHC-Al bond is significantly ionic, as is the CNHC-Ti bond. Both 1 and 2 are active in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL). 2, similar to [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br], exhibits bifunctional MLC-type monomer activation, but only at an elevated temperature. However, the 2/BnOH combination is catalytically active at room temperature, likely through a zwitterionic [Al(LH)Me2(OBn)]. The 1/BnOH combination follows a similar mechanism but surprisingly at a faster rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santu Goswami
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pranay Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subham Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mainak Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Samanwita Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
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7
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Kumar R, Meher RK, Sharma J, Sau A, Panda TK. Amidophosphine Boranes as Hydroboration Reagents for Nitriles, Alkynes, and Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2023; 25:7923-7927. [PMID: 37883234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
We report here the hydroboration of nitriles, alkynes, and carboxylic acids using amidophosphine boranes {(BH3)(PPh2)-NC(CH3)3}, {(BH3)2(PPh)2N(CH2)C6H5}, and {(BH3)2(PPh2)2N-(BH3)CH2C6H4N} as reducing agents. These compounds were synthesized to replace more commonly used borane reagents. Solid amidophosphine boranes, which were synthesized with ease, demonstrated excellent reactivity and functional group tolerance toward a wide variety of nitriles, alkynes, and carboxylic acids, affording the corresponding ammonium salts, alkenes, and alcohols in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502 284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Rohan Kumar Meher
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502 284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502 284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Abhijit Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502 284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi-502 284, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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8
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Grabowski SJ. Ga···C Triel Bonds-Why They Are Not Strong Enough to Change Trigonal Configuration into Tetrahedral One: DFT Calculations on Dimers That Occur in Crystal Structures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12212. [PMID: 37569593 PMCID: PMC10418643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Structures characterized by the trigonal coordination of the gallium center that interacts with electron rich carbon sites are described. These interactions may be classified as Ga···C triel bonds. Their properties are analyzed in this study since these interactions may be important in numerous chemical processes including catalytical activities; additionally, geometrical parameters of corresponding species are described. The Ga···C triel bonds discussed here, categorized also as the π-hole bonds, do not change the trigonal configuration of the gallium center into the tetrahedral one despite total interactions in dimers being strong; however, the main contribution to the stabilization of corresponding structures comes from the electrostatic forces. The systems analyzed theoretically here come from crystal structures since the Cambridge Structural Database, CSD, search was performed to find structures where the gallium center linked to CC bonds of Lewis base units occurs. The majority structures found in CSD are characterized by parallel, stacking-like arrangements of species containing the Ga-centers. The theoretical results show that interactions within dimers are not classified as the three-centers links as in a case of typical hydrogen bonds and numerous other interactions. The total interactions in dimers analyzed here consist of several local intermolecular atom-atom interactions; these are mainly the Ga···C links. The DFT results are supported in this study by calculations with the use of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, QTAIM, the natural bond orbital, NBO, and the energy decomposition analysis, EDA, approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir J. Grabowski
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU & Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) PK 1072, 20080 Donostia, Spain;
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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9
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Karmakar H, Kumar R, Sharma J, Bag J, Pal K, Panda TK, Chandrasekhar V. N^N vs. N^E (E = S or Se) coordination behavior of imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands towards aluminum alkyls: efficient hydroboration catalysis of nitriles, alkynes, and alkenes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4481-4493. [PMID: 36919767 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application of six aluminum alkyl complexes supported by various imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands are described. Six different unsymmetrical imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands [NHIRP(Ph)(E)NH-Dipp] [R = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (Dipp), E = S (2a-H), Se (2b-H); R = mesityl (Mes), E = S (3a-H), Se (3b-H); R = tert-butyl (tBu), E = S (4a-H), Se (4b-H)] were prepared by the oxidation of respective imino-phosphanamide ligands (1a, 1b and 1c) with elemental chalcogen atoms (S and Se). The aluminum complexes with imino-phosphanamidinate chalcogenide ligands with the general formulae [κ2NN-{NHIRP(Ph)(E)N-Dipp}AlMe2] [R = Dipp, E = S (5a), Se (5b); R = Mes, E = S (6a), Se (6b)] or [κ2NE-{NHIRP(Ph)(E)N-Dipp}AlMe2] [R = tBu, E = S (7a), Se (7b)] were synthesized in good yields from the reaction of the suitable protic ligands (2a,b-H-4a,b-H) and trimethylaluminum in a 1 : 1 molar ratio in toluene at room temperature. All the protic ligands and aluminum complexes were well characterized by multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy, and the solid-state structures of 2a,b-H-4a,b-H, 5a,b-6a,b and 7b are established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The aluminum complexes 5a,b-7a,b were tested as catalysts for the hydroboration of nitriles, alkynes, and alkenes under mild conditions. The catalytic hydroboration reactions of nitriles, alkynes, and alkenes were accomplished with complex 5b at a mild temperature under solvent-free conditions to afford a high yield of the corresponding N,N-diborylamines, vinylboranes and alkyl boronate esters, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himadri Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Jayanta Bag
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Kuntal Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India.
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, 500107, Hyderabad, India. .,Department of Chemistry, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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10
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Wang C, Wu J, Yan B, Ni C, Ma X, Yang Z. N
‐coordinated Aluminum Complexes Catalyze the Hydrostannation of Alkynes. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Test Technique Institute Xi'an 710100 P. R. China
| | - Ben Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Congjian Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
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11
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Sarkar N, Kumar Sahoo R, Nembenna S. Aluminium-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides to Alcohols: C-O Bond Activation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203023. [PMID: 36226774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the molecular aluminium dihydride complex bearing an N, N'-chelated conjugated bis-guanidinate (CBG) ligand is used as a catalyst for reducing a wide range of aryl and alkyl esters with good tolerance of alkene (C=C), alkyne (C≡C), halides (Cl, Br, I and F), nitrile (C≡N), and nitro (NO2 ) functionalities. Further, we investigated the catalytic application of aluminium dihydride in the C-O bond cleavage of alkyl and aryl epoxides into corresponding branched Markovnikov ring-opening products. In addition, the chemoselective intermolecular reduction of esters over other reducible functional groups, such as amides and alkenes, has been established. Intermediates are isolated and characterized by NMR and HRMS studies, which confirm the probable catalytic cycles for the hydroboration of esters and epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
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12
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Sahoo RK, Sarkar N, Nembenna S. Intermediates, Isolation and Mechanistic Insights into Zinc Hydride-Catalyzed 1,2-Regioselective Hydrofunctionalization of N-Heteroarenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:304-317. [PMID: 36571301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The conjugated bis-guanidinate-supported zinc hydride [{LZnH}2; L = {(ArHN) (ArN)-C═N-C═(NAr) (NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et2-C6H3}] (I)-catalyzed highly demanding exclusive 1,2-regioselective hydroboration and hydrosilylation of N-heteroarenes is demonstrated with excellent yields. This protocol is compatible with many pyridines and N-heteroarene derivatives, including electron-donating and -withdrawing substituents. Catalytic intermediates, such as [(LZnH) (4-methylpyridine)] IIA, [(L'ZnH) (4-methylpyridine) IIA', where L' = CH{(CMe) (2,6-Et2C6H3N)}2)], LZn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline) III, [L'Zn(1,2-DhiQ) (isoquinoline)] III', and LZn(1,2-(3-MeDHQ)) (3-methylquinoline) V, were isolated and thoroughly characterized by NMR, HRMS, and IR analyses. Furthermore, X-ray single-crystal diffraction studies confirmed the molecular structures of compounds IIA', III, and III'. The NMR data proved that the intermediate III or III' reacted with HBpin and gave a selective 1,2-addition hydroborated product. Stoichiometric experiments suggest that V and III independently reacted with silane, yielding selective 1,2-addition of mono- and bis-hydrosilylated products, respectively. Based on the isolation of intermediates and a series of stoichiometric experiments, plausible catalytic cycles were established. Furthermore, the intermolecular chemoselective hydroboration reaction over other reducible functionalities was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajata Kumar Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Nabin Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
| | - Sharanappa Nembenna
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752 050, India
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13
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Koptseva TS, Skatova AA, Ketkov SY, Rychagova EA, Rumyantcev RV, Fedushkin IL. Hydroboration of a Diolate Complex Obtained by Carbon Dioxide Capture with Acenaphthenediimine Aluminum Hydride. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana S. Koptseva
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra A. Skatova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Yu. Ketkov
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A. Rychagova
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
| | - Roman V. Rumyantcev
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
| | - Igor L. Fedushkin
- G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tropinina 49, Nizhny Novgorod 603137, Russian Federation
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14
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Ataie S, Baker RT. Comparing B-H Bond Activation in Ni IIX(NNN)-Catalyzed Nitrile Dihydroboration (X = Anionic N-, C-, O-, S-, or P-donor). Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19998-20007. [PMID: 36455067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
One of the key steps in many metal complex-catalyzed hydroboration reactions is B-H bond activation, which results in metal hydride formation. Anionic ligands that include multiple lone pairs of electrons, in cooperation with a metal center, have notable potential in redox-neutral B-H bond activation through metal-ligand cooperation. Herein, using an easily prepared NpyridineNimineNpyrrolide ligand (L2)-, a series of divalent NiIIX(NNN) complexes were synthesized, with X = bromide (2), phenoxide (3), thiophenoxide (4), 2,5-dimethylpyrrolide (5), diphenylphosphide (6), and phenyl (7). The complexes were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography and employed as precatalysts for nitrile dihydroboration. Superior activity of the phenoxy derivative (3) [vs thiophenoxy (4) or phenyl (7)] suggests that B-H bond activation occurs at the Ni-X (vs ligand Ni-Npyrrolide) bond. Furthermore, stoichiometric treatment of 2-7 with a nitrile showed no reaction, whereas stoichiometric reactions of 2-7 with pinacolborane (HBpin) gave the same Ni-H complex for 2, 3, and 5. Considering that only 2, 3, and 5 successfully catalyzed nitrile dihydroboration, we suggest that the catalytic cycle involves a conventional inner sphere pathway initiated by substrate insertion into Ni-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ataie
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - R Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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15
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Das S, Maity J, Panda TK. Metal/Non-Metal Catalyzed Activation of Organic Nitriles. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200192. [PMID: 36126180 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrile activation is a prominent topic in recent developments in chemistry, especially in organic, inorganic, biological chemistry, as well as in the natural synthesis of products and in the pharmaceutical industry. The activation of nitriles using both metal and non-metal precursors has attracted several researchers, who are exploring newer ways to synthesize novel compounds. Nitrile activation can be achieved by combining various catalytic double hydroelementation reactions, such as hydrosilylation, hydroboration, and hydrogenation of organonitriles using silanes, pinacolborane, and other sources of hydrogen. These methodologies have garnered considerable attention since they are effective in the reduction of organonitriles, whose end products are extensively applied in synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, we summarize the development of selective hydroborylation, hydrosilylation, dihydroborysilylation, and hydrogenation of organonitriles, as well as their reaction mechanisms and the role of metal complexes in the catalytic cycles. This review article explains various synthetic methodologies applied toward the reduction of organonitriles into corresponding amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Maity
- Department of Chemistry, St. Stephen's College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Tarun K Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
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16
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Seok JE, Kim HT, Kim J, Lee JH, Jaladi AK, Hwang H, An DK. Effective magnesium‐catalyzed hydroboration of nitriles and imines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Seok
- Kangwon National University College of Natural Sciences Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Kangwon National University College of Natural Sciences Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Jaeho Kim
- Kangwon National University College of Natural Sciences Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Ji Hye Lee
- Kangwon National University Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | | | - Hyonseok Hwang
- Kangwon National University College of Natural Sciences Chemistry KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Duk Keun An
- Kangwon National University Chemistry KangwondoHyoja-2-dong 200-701 Chuncheon KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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17
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Wang J, Yao W, Hu D, Qi X, Zhang JQ, Ren H. NaOH/BEt3 Catalyzed Regioselective Hydroboration of Epoxides with HBpin to Secondary Alcohols. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- Taizhou University Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Wubin Yao
- Taizhou University Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Dandan Hu
- Taizhou University Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Xinxin Qi
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jun-Qi Zhang
- Taizhou University Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Hongjun Ren
- Taizhou University Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry 1139 Shifu Avenue 318012 Taizhou CHINA
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Sarkar N, Kumar Sahoo R, Ganesh Patro A, Nembenna S. Aluminum-Catalyzed Selective Hydroboration of Carbonyls and Dehydrocoupling of Alcohols, Phenols, Amines, Thiol, Selenol, Silanols with HBpin. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Jia J, Wu T, Fu Y, Hu Z, Tang H, Pan Y, Huang F. Integrating Terminal CoBr
n
Salts into a 2D Cobalt(II) Coordination Polymer to Promote the
β
‐(
E)−
Selective Hydroboration of Alkynes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Song Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Tai‐Xue Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Jia Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi‐Rong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Hai‐Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying‐Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
| | - Fu‐Ping Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 People's Republic of China
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20
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Geier SJ, Vogels CM, Melanson JA, Westcott SA. The transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8877-8922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the development of the transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction, from its beginnings in the 1980s to more recent developments including earth-abundant catalysts and an ever-expanding array of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Melanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
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