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Xia N, Xu L, Huang M, Xu D, Li Y, Wu H, Mei Z, Yu Z. Neuroprotection of macamide in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease involves Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176638. [PMID: 38734297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of macamide's neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) were investigated in the paper. Macamides are considered as unique ingredients in maca. Improvement effects and mechanisms of macamide on cognitive impairment have not been revealed. In this study, Vina 1.1.2 was used for docking to evaluate the binding abilities of 12 main macamides to acetylcholinesterase (AChE). N-benzyl-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienamide (M 18:2) was selected to study the following experiments because it can stably bind to AChE with a strong binding energy. The animal experiments showed that M 18:2 prevented the scopolamine (SCP)-induced cognitive impairment and neurotransmitter disorders, increased the positive rates of Nrf2 and HO-1 in hippocampal CA1, improved the synaptic plasticity by maintaining synaptic morphology and increasing the synapse density. Moreover, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the hippocampus, serum, and colon were reduced by M 18:2. Furthermore, M 18:2 promoted colonic epithelial integrity and partially restored the composition of the gut microbiota to normal, including decreased genera Clostridiales_unclassified and Lachnospiraceae_unclassified, as well as increased genera Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Muribaculum, Alistipes, and Bacteroides, which may be the possible biomarkers of cognitive aging. In summary, M 18:2 exerted neuroprotective effects on SCP-induced AD mice possibly via activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengyin Xia
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Lingyun Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Mengyuan Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Dengrui Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zejun Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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Chae J, Hahn D, Nam JO. Macamide, a component of maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) lipophilic extract, enhances myogenic differentiation via AKT/p38 signaling and attenuates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116249. [PMID: 38340399 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a plant that grows in the central Andes region of Peru, and it has been reported to have various bioactive functions, such as improving or preventing osteoporosis, sexual dysfunction, and memory impairment. In this study, maca roots of various colors (yellow, red, or black) were extracted using different polar solvents (PE, HEX, or BuOH) to compare their effects on muscle differentiation. Among them, the red maca lipophilic extract, which showed the most effectiveness, was chosen for further investigation. Our results show that RMLE enhances muscle differentiation by inducing MyoD-E2A heterodimerization through the activation of the AKT/p38 pathway. Additionally, RMLE attenuated dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy by inhibiting nuclear translocation of FoxO3a and expression of E3-ligase (MAFbx and MURF1) in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, based on these results suggest that lipophilic extract of maca, which can abundantly contain nonpolar compounds, macamides, can enhance the functional properties of maca in alleviating muscle homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbeom Chae
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju-Ock Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Ulloa del Carpio N, Alvarado-Corella D, Quiñones-Laveriano DM, Araya-Sibaja A, Vega-Baudrit J, Monagas-Juan M, Navarro-Hoyos M, Villar-López M. Exploring the chemical and pharmacological variability of Lepidium meyenii: a comprehensive review of the effects of maca. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1360422. [PMID: 38440178 PMCID: PMC10910417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1360422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Maca (Lepidium meyenii), a biennial herbaceous plant indigenous to the Andes Mountains, has a rich history of traditional use for its purported health benefits. Maca's chemical composition varies due to ecotypes, growth conditions, and post-harvest processing, contributing to its intricate phytochemical profile, including, macamides, macaenes, and glucosinolates, among other components. This review provides an in-depth revision and analysis of Maca's diverse bioactive metabolites, focusing on the pharmacological properties registered in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Maca is generally safe, with rare adverse effects, supported by preclinical studies revealing low toxicity and good human tolerance. Preclinical investigations highlight the benefits attributed to Maca compounds, including neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory properties, immunoregulation, and antioxidant effects. Maca has also shown potential for enhancing fertility, combating fatigue, and exhibiting potential antitumor properties. Maca's versatility extends to metabolic regulation, gastrointestinal health, cardio protection, antihypertensive activity, photoprotection, muscle growth, hepatoprotection, proangiogenic effects, antithrombotic properties, and antiallergic activity. Clinical studies, primarily focused on sexual health, indicate improved sexual desire, erectile function, and subjective wellbeing in men. Maca also shows promise in alleviating menopausal symptoms in women and enhancing physical performance. Further research is essential to uncover the mechanisms and clinical applications of Maca's unique bioactive metabolites, solidifying its place as a subject of growing scientific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norka Ulloa del Carpio
- Centro de Investigación Clínica de Medicina Complementaria—CICMEC, Gerencia de Medicina Complementaria, Seguro Social de Salud-EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Diego Alvarado-Corella
- Bioactivity and Sustainable Development (BIODESS) Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica (UCR), San Jose, Costa Rica
| | | | - Andrea Araya-Sibaja
- Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnología, LANOTEC-CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - José Vega-Baudrit
- Laboratorio Nacional de Nanotecnología, LANOTEC-CeNAT-CONARE, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Maria Monagas-Juan
- United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicines, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos
- Bioactivity and Sustainable Development (BIODESS) Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica (UCR), San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Martha Villar-López
- Centro de Investigación Clínica de Medicina Complementaria—CICMEC, Gerencia de Medicina Complementaria, Seguro Social de Salud-EsSalud, Lima, Peru
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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Minich DM, Ross K, Frame J, Fahoum M, Warner W, Meissner HO. Not All Maca Is Created Equal: A Review of Colors, Nutrition, Phytochemicals, and Clinical Uses. Nutrients 2024; 16:530. [PMID: 38398854 PMCID: PMC10892513 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Maca (Lepidium meyenii, Lepidium peruvianum) is part of the Brassicaceae family and grows at high altitudes in the Peruvian Andes mountain range (3500-5000 m). Historically, it has been used as a nutrient-dense food and for its medicinal properties, primarily in enhancing energy and fertility. Scientific research has validated these traditional uses and other clinical applications by elucidating maca's mechanisms of action, nutrition, and phytochemical content. However, research over the last twenty years has identified up to seventeen different colors (phenotypes) of maca. The color, hypocotyl size, growing location, cultivation, and post-harvest processing methods can have a significant effect on the nutrition content, phytochemical profile, and clinical application. Yet, research differentiating the colors of maca and clinical applications remains limited. In this review, research on the nutrition, phytochemicals, and various colors of maca, including black, red, yellow (predominant colors), purple, gray (lesser-known colors), and any combination of colors, including proprietary formulations, will be discussed based on available preclinical and clinical trials. The gaps, deficiencies, and conflicts in the studies will be detailed, along with quality, safety, and efficacy criteria, highlighting the need for future research to specify all these factors of the maca used in publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M. Minich
- Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine, Adjunct Faculty, University of Western States, Portland, OR 97213, USA
- Food & Spirit, LLC, Port Orchard, WA 98366, USA
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA; (K.R.); (M.F.); (W.W.)
- Symphony Natural Health Institute, West Valley City, UT 84119, USA
| | - Kim Ross
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA; (K.R.); (M.F.); (W.W.)
- Symphony Natural Health Institute, West Valley City, UT 84119, USA
- Kim Ross Consulting, LLC, Lakewood Ranch, FL 34211, USA
- College of Nutrition, Sonoran University of Health Sciences, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA
| | - James Frame
- Symphony Natural Health Holdings Inc., Craigmuir Chambers, Road Town, Tortola VG1110, (BVI), UK;
- Natural Health International Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Mona Fahoum
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA; (K.R.); (M.F.); (W.W.)
- Meridian Medicine, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
- Bastyr Center for Natural Health, Bastyr University, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Wendy Warner
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA; (K.R.); (M.F.); (W.W.)
- Wendy Warner, MD, PC, Yardley, PA 19067, USA
| | - Henry O. Meissner
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Building J, 158-160 Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia;
- Therapeutic Research, TTD International Pty Ltd., 39 Leopard Ave., Elanora-Gold Coast, QLD 4221, Australia
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Hong R, Luo L, Wang L, Hu Z, Yin Q, Li M, Gu B, Wang B, Zhuang T, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Wang W, Huang L, Gu B, Qi S. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca)-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate depression by promoting 5-HT synthesis via the modulation of gut-brain axis. IMETA 2023; 2:e116. [PMID: 38867934 PMCID: PMC10989901 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common and debilitating condition for which effective treatments are needed. Lepidium meyenii Walp (Maca) is a plant with potential medicinal effects in treating depression. Recently, there has been growing interest in plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their low toxicity and ability to transport to human cells. Targeting the gut-brain axis, a novel strategy for depression management, may be achieved through the use of Maca-derived EVs (Maca-EVs). In this study, we successfully isolated Maca-EVs using gradient ultracentrifugation and characterized their shape, size, and markers (CD63 and TSG101). The in vivo imaging showed that the Dil-labeled Maca-EVs crossed the brain-blood barrier and accumulated in the brain. The behavioral tests revealed that Maca-EVs dramatically recovered the depression-like behaviors of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) mice. UCMS mice fecal were characterized by an elevated abundance of g_Enterococcus, g_Lactobacillus, and g_Escherichia_Shigella, which were significantly restored by administration of Maca-EVs. The effects of Maca-EVs on the altered microbial and fecal metabolites in UCMS mice were mapped to biotin, pyrimidine, and amino acid (tyrosine, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate) metabolisms, which were closely associated with the serotonin (5-HT) production. Maca-EVs were able to increase serum monoamine neurotransmitter levels in UCMS mice, with 5-HT showing the most significant changes. We further demonstrated that 5-HT improved the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a key regulator of neuronal plasticity, and its subsequent activation of TrkB/p-AKT signaling by regulating the GTP-Cdc42/ERK pathway. These findings suggest that Maca-EVs enhance 5-HT release, possibly by modulating the gut-brain axis, to improve depression behavior. Our study sheds light on a novel approach to depression treatment using plant-derived EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hong
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Lan Luo
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Liang Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhouChina
- School of Medical Informatics and EngineeringXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Zhao‐Li Hu
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease BioinformationXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Qi‐Rong Yin
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Ming Li
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bin Gu
- School of Medical Informatics and EngineeringXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Tao Zhuang
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Xin‐Yue Zhang
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Wan Wang
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Lin‐Yan Huang
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
| | - Bing Gu
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangzhouChina
| | - Su‐Hua Qi
- School of Medical TechnologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
- School of PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina
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Malík M, Tlustoš P. Nootropic Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees as Potential Cognitive Enhancers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12061364. [PMID: 36987052 PMCID: PMC10056569 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based nootropics are a diverse group of natural drugs that can improve cognitive abilities through various physiological mechanisms, especially in cases where these functions are weakened or impaired. In many cases, the nootropics enhance erythrocyte plasticity and inhibit aggregation, which improves the blood's rheological properties and increases its flow to the brain. Many of these formulations possess antioxidant activity that protects brain tissue from neurotoxicity and improves the brain's oxygen supply. They can induce the synthesis of neuronal proteins, nucleic acids, and phospholipids for constructing and repairing neurohormonal membranes. These natural compounds can potentially be present in a great variety of herbs, shrubs, and even some trees and vines. The plant species reviewed here were selected based on the availability of verifiable experimental data and clinical trials investigating potential nootropic effects. Original research articles, relevant animal studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and clinical trials were included in this review. Selected representatives of this heterogeneous group included Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst., Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim., Ginkgo biloba L., Lepidium meyenii Walp., Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Paullinia cupana Kunth, Rhodiola rosea L., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal. The species are depicted and described, together with their active components and nootropic effects, and evidence of their efficacy is presented. The study provides brief descriptions of the representative species, their occurrence, history, and the chemical composition of the principle medicinal compounds, with uses, indications, experimental treatments, dosages, possible side effects, and contraindications. Most plant nootropics must be taken at optimal doses for extended periods before measurable improvement occurs, but they are generally very well tolerated. Their psychoactive properties are not produced by a single molecule but by a synergistic combination of several compounds. The available data suggest that including extracts from these plants in medicinal products to treat cognitive disorders can have substantial potential therapeutic benefits.
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Tao H, Shi H, Wang M, Xu Y. Macamide B suppresses lung cancer progression potentially via the ATM signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:115. [PMID: 36844627 PMCID: PMC9950334 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macamides are a class of bioactive natural products obtained from Lepidium meyenii (maca), which have been reported to exert inhibitory activity in cancer. However, their role in lung cancer is currently unknown. In the present study, macamide B was shown to inhibit the proliferation and invasion of lung cancer cells, as determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. By contrast, macamide B induced cell apoptosis, as determined by Annexin V-FITC assay. Moreover, combined treatment with macamide B and olaparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, further suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer cells. At the molecular level, the expression of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), RAD51, p53 and cleaved caspase-3 were significantly increased by macamide B, as determined by western blotting, whereas the expression levels of Bcl-2 were decreased. By contrast, when ATM expression was knocked down by small interfering RNA technology in A549 cells treated with macamide B, the expression levels of ATM, RAD51, p53 and cleaved caspase-3 were reduced, whereas those of Bcl-2 were increased. Consistently, cell proliferation and invasive ability were partially rescued by ATM knockdown. In conclusion, macamide B inhibits lung cancer progression by inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion, and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, macamide B may participate in regulating the ATM signaling pathway. The present study provides a potential new natural drug for treating patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Tao
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Hubo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Jinan, Shandong 250102, P.R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Yihui Xu
- Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Yihui Xu, Medical Research and Laboratory Diagnostic Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Wang Z, Cheng YT, Lu Y, Sun GQ, Pei L. Baicalin Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depression by Promoting Neurodevelopment of Hippocampal via mTOR/GSK3 β Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:405-412. [PMID: 36607586 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of hippocampal neurodevelopment in the antidepressant effect of baicalin. METHODS Forty male Institute of Cancer Research mice were divided into control, corticosterone (CORT, 40 mg/kg), CORT+baicalin-L (25 mg/kg), CORT+baicalin-H (50 mg/kg), and CORT+fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) groups according to a random number table. An animal model of depression was established by chronic CORT exposure. Behavioral tests were used to assess the reliability of depression model and the antidepressant effect of baicalin. In addition, Nissl staining and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on hippocampal neurodevelopment in mice. The protein and mRNA expression levels of neurodevelopment-related factors were detected by Western blot analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS Baicalin significantly ameliorated the depressive-like behavior of mice resulting from CORT exposure and promoted the development of dentate gyrus in hippocampus, thereby reversing the depressive-like pathological changes in hippocampal neurons caused by CORT neurotoxicity. Moreover, baicalin significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expression levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK3 β), and upregulated the expression levels of cell cycle protein D1, p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), doublecortin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences between baicalin and fluoxetine groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Baicalin can promote the development of hippocampal neurons via mTOR/GSK3 β signaling pathway, thus protect mice against CORT-induced neurotoxicity and play an antidepressant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Ya-Ting Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Hebei Province Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Sun
- Hebei Province Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Lin Pei
- School of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, China. .,Hebei Province Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China.
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Hu S, He L, Chen B, You Y. Apelin-13 attenuates depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress via activating AMPK/PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway. Peptides 2022; 156:170847. [PMID: 35908670 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress induces neuronal death and impairs hippocampal neurogenesis, thus leading to cognitive deficits and depressive-like behaviors. Our previous studies found that apelin-13, a novel neuropeptide, and its receptors can improve cognitive impairment and depressive-like behaviors in rats, but its mechanism remains unknown. The study aims to evaluate the underlying mechanism of apelin-13 on cognitive impairment and depressive-like behaviors. A 4-week chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is used to establish a rat model of depression. Apelin-13(2 ug/day) is administered daily to the rats during the last 1 week. Depressive-like behaviors, including tail suspension test (TST) and sucrose preference test (SPT), are performed. The cognitive functions are established by identify index of novel objects recognition test (NORT) and the number of crossing hidden platform in morris water maze (MWM). The neuronal death is measured by popidium iodide (PI) and flow cytometry. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the hippocampus are determined. The protein expressions of p-AMPK, AMPK, BDNF, FNDC5 and PGC-1α are examined. Golgi staining observed the spine dendritic arborization of the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion. Results showed that apelin-13 improves cognitive impairment and ameliorates depressive-like behaviors. Moreover, apelin-13 significantly inhibits neuronal death via AMPK/PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway. Taken together, apelin-13 could exert antidepressant effects via protecting neuron functions, which might be related to the activation of AMPK/PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Department of Neurology, Haikou, Hainan 570216, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Transformation, Hainan 571199, China; International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC), Hainan Medical University, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Lu He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bin Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Department of Neurology, Haikou, Hainan 570216, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Transformation, Hainan 571199, China; International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC), Hainan Medical University, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Yong You
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Department of Neurology, Haikou, Hainan 570216, China; First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Department of Neurology, Hengyang, Hunan 431001, China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Brain Research and Transformation, Hainan 571199, China; International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC), Hainan Medical University, Hainan 571199, China.
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Liu C, Hua H, Zhu H, Xu W, Guo Y, Yao W, Qian H, Cheng Y. Study of the anti-fatigue properties of macamide, a key component in maca water extract, through foodomics and gut microbial genomics. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Chen W, Zhu X, Wang L, Xin X, Zhang M. Effects of Two Polysaccharides from Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on Intestinal Immunity and Inflammation in vitro. Food Funct 2022; 13:3441-3452. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02659c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In our previous studies, two polysaccharides (MC-1 and MC-2) were identified in the roots of maca (Lepidium meyenii). In this study, the effects of these two polysaccharides on intestinal immunity...
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