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Fu H, Chen Z, Teng W, Du Z, Zhang Y, Ye X, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Pi X. Effects of fructooligosaccharides and Saccharomyces boulardii on the compositional structure and metabolism of gut microbiota in students. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127741. [PMID: 38761487 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are a common prebiotic widely used in functional foods. Meanwhile, Saccharomyces boulardii is a fungal probiotic frequenly used in the clinical treatment of diarrhea. Compared with single use, the combination of prebiotics and probiotics as symbiotics may be more effective in regulating gut microbiota as recently reported in the literature. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of FOS, S. boulardii and their combination on the structure and metabolism of the gut microbiota in healthy primary and secondary school students using an in vitro fermentation model. The results indicated that S. boulardii alone could not effectively regulate the community structure and metabolism of the microbiota. However, both FOS and the combination of FOS and S. boulardii could effectively regulate the microbiota, significantly inhibiting the growth of Escherichia-Shigella and Bacteroides, and controlling the production of the gases including H2S and NH3. In addition, both FOS and the combination could significantly promote the growth of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus, lower environmental pH, and enhance several physiological functions related to synthesis and metabolism. Nevertheless, the combination had more unique benefits as it promoted the growth of Lactobacillus, significantly increased CO2 production and enhanced the functional pathways of carbon metabolism and pyruvic acid metabolism. These findings provide guidance for clinical application and a theoretical basis for the development of synbiotic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China; The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China; Yi Chang Engineering and Technology Research Center of Nutrition and Health Food, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China
| | - Weilin Teng
- Department of infectious Disease Control and Prevention, HangZhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Zhi Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China; The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China; Yi Chang Engineering and Technology Research Center of Nutrition and Health Food, Angel Yeast Co., Ltd., Yichang 443003, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, PR China
| | - Zaichun Yu
- College of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yinjun Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Xionge Pi
- Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China; Institute of Rural Development, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
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2
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Liu D, Hu L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Su J, Wang G, Gong S. Saccharomyces boulardii alleviates allergic asthma by restoring gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis via up-regulation of METTL3 in an m6A-dependent manner. Immunol Lett 2024; 267:106853. [PMID: 38513836 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease and new strategies are needed to prevent or treat this disease. Studies have shown that probiotic interventions are effective in preventing asthma. Here, we investigated the impact of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma in mice, as well as the underlying mechanisms. METHODS First, we constructed a mouse asthma model using OVA and given S. boulardii intervention. Next, we measured N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in lung injury tissues. 16 s rRNA was employed to identify different gut microbiota in fecal samples. The analysis of differential metabolites in feces was performed by non-targeted metabolomics. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to analyze correlation between gut microbiota, metabolites and methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). Finally, we collected mouse feces treated by OVA and S. boulardii intervention for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and interfered with METTL3. RESULTS S. boulardii improved inflammation and oxidative stress and alleviated lung damage in asthmatic mice. In addition, S. boulardii regulated m6A modification levels in asthmatic mice. 16 s rRNA sequencing showed that S. boulardii remodeled gut microbiota homeostasis in asthmatic mice. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis showed S. boulardii restored metabolic homeostasis in asthmatic mice. There was a correlation between gut microbiota, differential metabolites, and METTL3 analyzed by Pearson correlation. Additionally, through FMT and interference of METTL3, we found that gut microbiota mediated the up-regulation of METTL3 by S. boulardii improved inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice, and alleviated lung injury. CONCLUSIONS S. boulardii alleviated allergic asthma by restoring gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis via up-regulation of METTL3 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Lang Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yina Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yayong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Guyi Wang
- Critical Care Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Subo Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Babaei F, Navidi-Moghaddam A, Naderi A, Ghafghazi S, Mirzababaei M, Dargahi L, Mohammadi G, Nassiri-Asl M. The preventive effects of Saccharomyces boulardii against oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharide in rat brain. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30426. [PMID: 38720760 PMCID: PMC11076963 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain is sensitive to oxidative stress, which can trigger microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Antioxidant therapies may provide neuroprotection against oxidative stress. In recent years antioxidant effects of probiotics and their possible mechanisms in oxidative stress-related models have been determined. In the current study, for the first time, we assessed the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on oxidative stress provoked by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the rat brain. Four groups of animals were used, including the control, LPS, S. boulardii + LPS, and S. boulardii groups. All animals received either saline or S. boulardii (1010 CFU) by gavage for four weeks. Between days 14 and 22, all animals received either LPS (250 μg/kg) or saline by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. S. boulardii was able to inhibit lipid peroxidation and prevent the reduction of antioxidant levels, including glutathione and catalase in the model of oxidative stress induced by LPS in the rat hippocampus and cortex. Also, it increased the lowered ratio of glutathione/oxidized glutathione in both tissues. Serum levels of anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 (IL-10) and proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 increased and decreased, respectively. S. boulardii has potential antioxidant activities in oxidative stress-related model, possibly modulating gut microbiota, immune defense, and antioxidant enzyme activities that can be considered in preventing oxidative stress-related central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Babaei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Navidi-Moghaddam
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ariyan Naderi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Ghafghazi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non- Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Heavey MK, Hazelton A, Wang Y, Garner M, Anselmo AC, Arthur JC, Nguyen J. Targeted delivery of the probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii to the extracellular matrix enhances gut residence time and recovery in murine colitis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3784. [PMID: 38710716 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48128-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotic and engineered microbe-based therapeutics are an emerging class of pharmaceutical agents. They represent a promising strategy for treating various chronic and inflammatory conditions by interacting with the host immune system and/or delivering therapeutic molecules. Here, we engineered a targeted probiotic yeast platform wherein Saccharomyces boulardii is designed to bind to abundant extracellular matrix proteins found within inflammatory lesions of the gastrointestinal tract through tunable antibody surface display. This approach enabled an additional 24-48 h of probiotic gut residence time compared to controls and 100-fold increased probiotic concentrations within the colon in preclinical models of ulcerative colitis in female mice. As a result, pharmacodynamic parameters including colon length, colonic cytokine expression profiles, and histological inflammation scores were robustly improved and restored back to healthy levels. Overall, these studies highlight the potential for targeted microbial therapeutics as a potential oral dosage form for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairead K Heavey
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Anthony Hazelton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mitzy Garner
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Aaron C Anselmo
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- VitaKey Incorporation, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Janelle C Arthur
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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5
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Jin Y, Wu J, Huang K, Liang Z. Heat-Killed Saccharomyces boulardii Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Restoring the Intestinal Barrier, Reducing Inflammation, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:702. [PMID: 38474831 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global intestinal disease, and conventional therapeutic drugs often fail to meet the needs of patients. There is an urgent need to find efficient and affordable novel biological therapies. Saccharomyces boulardii has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical research due to its anti-inflammatory properties and gut health benefits. However, there is still a relatively limited comparison and evaluation of different forms of S. boulardii treatment for UC. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of S. boulardii, heat-killed S. boulardii, and S. boulardii β-glucan on UC, to explore the potential of heat-killed S. boulardii as a new biological therapy. The results demonstrate that all three treatments were able to restore body weight, reduce the disease activity index (DAI), inhibit splenomegaly, shorten colon length, and alleviate histopathological damage to colonic epithelial tissues in DSS-induced colitis mice. The oral administration of S. boulardii, heat-killed S. boulardii, and S. boulardii β-glucan also increased the levels of tight junction proteins (Occludin and ZO-1), decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the serum, and suppressed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA in the colon. In particular, in terms of gut microbiota, S. boulardii, heat-killed S. boulardii, and S. boulardii β-glucan exhibited varying degrees of modulation on DSS-induced dysbiosis. Among them, heat-killed S. boulardii maximally restored the composition, structure, and functionality of the intestinal microbiota to normal levels. In conclusion, heat-killed S. boulardii showed greater advantages over S. boulardii and S. boulardii β-glucan in the treatment of intestinal diseases, and it holds promise as an effective novel biological therapy for UC. This study is of great importance in improving the quality of life for UC patients and reducing the burden of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Jin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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6
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Jiang S, Si J, Mo J, Zhang S, Chen K, Gao J, Xu D, Bai L, Lan G, Liang J. Integrated Microbiome and Serum Metabolome Analysis Reveals Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms of the Average Daily Weight Gain of Yorkshire Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:278. [PMID: 38254447 PMCID: PMC10812420 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The average daily weight gain (ADG) is considered a crucial indicator for assessing growth rates in the swine industry. Therefore, investigating the gastrointestinal microbiota and serum metabolites influencing the ADG in pigs is pivotal for swine breed selection. This study involved the inclusion of 350 purebred Yorkshire pigs (age: 90 ± 2 days; body weight: 41.20 ± 4.60 kg). Concurrently, serum and fecal samples were collected during initial measurements of blood and serum indices. The pigs were categorized based on their ADG, with 27 male pigs divided into high-ADG (HADG) and low-ADG (LADG) groups based on their phenotype values. There were 12 pigs in LADG and 15 pigs in HADG. Feces and serum samples were collected on the 90th day. Microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics analyses were conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Pearson correlation, with Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment, was employed to assess the associations between these variables. The abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while Erysipelothrix, Streptomyces, Dubosiella, Parolsenella, and Adlercreutzia in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The concentration of glutamine, etiocholanolone glucuronide, and retinoyl beta-glucuronide in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while arachidonic acid, allocholic acid, oleic acid, phenylalanine, and methyltestosterone in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The Lactobacillus-Streptomyces networks (Lactobacillus, Streptomyces, methyltestosterone, phenylalanine, oleic acid, arachidonic acid, glutamine, 3-ketosphingosine, L-octanoylcarnitine, camylofin, 4-guanidinobutyrate 3-methylcyclopentadecanone) were identified as the most influential at regulating swine weight gain. These findings suggest that the gastrointestinal tract regulates the daily weight gain of pigs through the network of Lactobacillus and Streptomyces. However, this study was limited to fecal and serum samples from growing and fattening boars. A comprehensive consideration of factors affecting the daily weight gain in pig production, including gender, parity, season, and breed, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Jinglei Si
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Guangxi State Farms Yongxin Animal Husbandary Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530022, China
| | - Jiayuan Mo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Kuirong Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jiuyu Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Di Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Lijing Bai
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Ganqiu Lan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
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Yazici D, Ogulur I, Pat Y, Babayev H, Barletta E, Ardicli S, Bel Imam M, Huang M, Koch J, Li M, Maurer D, Radzikowska U, Satitsuksanoa P, Schneider SR, Sun N, Traidl S, Wallimann A, Wawrocki S, Zhakparov D, Fehr D, Ziadlou R, Mitamura Y, Brüggen MC, van de Veen W, Sokolowska M, Baerenfaller K, Nadeau K, Akdis M, Akdis CA. The epithelial barrier: The gateway to allergic, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases and chronic neuropsychiatric conditions. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101846. [PMID: 37801907 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1960 s, our health has been compromised by exposure to over 350,000 newly introduced toxic substances, contributing to the current pandemic in allergic, autoimmune and metabolic diseases. The "Epithelial Barrier Theory" postulates that these diseases are exacerbated by persistent periepithelial inflammation (epithelitis) triggered by exposure to a wide range of epithelial barrier-damaging substances as well as genetic susceptibility. The epithelial barrier serves as the body's primary physical, chemical, and immunological barrier against external stimuli. A leaky epithelial barrier facilitates the translocation of the microbiome from the surface of the afflicted tissues to interepithelial and even deeper subepithelial locations. In turn, opportunistic bacterial colonization, microbiota dysbiosis, local inflammation and impaired tissue regeneration and remodelling follow. Migration of inflammatory cells to susceptible tissues contributes to damage and inflammation, initiating and aggravating many chronic inflammatory diseases. The objective of this review is to highlight and evaluate recent studies on epithelial physiology and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases in light of the epithelial barrier theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Huseyn Babayev
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Elena Barletta
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manal Bel Imam
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mengting Huang
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jana Koch
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manru Li
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Debbie Maurer
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Urszula Radzikowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | | | - Stephan R Schneider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Na Sun
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Stephan Traidl
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandra Wallimann
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wawrocki
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Damir Zhakparov
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Fehr
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reihane Ziadlou
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Milena Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Katja Baerenfaller
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland; Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland.
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8
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Gao H, Li Y, Xu J, Zuo X, Yue T, Xu H, Sun J, Wang M, Ye T, Yu Y, Yao Y. Saccharomyces boulardii protects against murine experimental colitis by reshaping the gut microbiome and its metabolic profile. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1204122. [PMID: 37492256 PMCID: PMC10363984 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1204122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) has shown clinical beneficial effect in inflammatory bowel diseases recently. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The aim of present study was to tested whether S. boulardii targets gut microbiota to protect against the development of experimental colitis in mice. Methods Female C57BL/6 mice were gavaged with S. boulardii for 3 weeks before being challenged with dextran sulphate sodium to induce ulcerative colitis. Bodyweight, diarrhea severity, intestinal permeability, colonic histopathology, colonic inflammatory status, and epithelial cell death of mice were examined. The fecal microbiota and its metabolomic profiles were detected by 16S rDNA sequencing and UPLC-MS, respectively. Results and Discussion Supplementation with S. boulardii significantly prevented weight loss and colon shortening, lowered colonic inflammation, ameliorated epithelial injury, and enhanced the intestinal barrier integrity in colitis mice. By inhibiting the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and increasing the probiotics abundance, S. boulardii improved the microbial diversity and restored the microbiota dysbiosis. Moreover, it also modulated microbial metabolome and altered the relative contents of metabolites involving amino acids, lipids, energy and vitamin metabolisms. These yeast-driven shifts in gut flora and metabolites are were associated with each other and with the inflammation profile in colitis. Collectively, S. boulardii exerts protective effects on colitis in mice by reshaping gut microbiome and its metabolic profile, indicating it as a promising therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinzheng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiqu Xu
- Department of Nutriology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhi Zuo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tiantian Yue
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huzi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Yao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zhang M, Mo R, Li M, Qu Y, Wang H, Liu T, Liu P, Wu Y. Comparison of the Effects of Enzymolysis Seaweed Powder and Saccharomyces boulardii on Intestinal Health and Microbiota Composition in Kittens. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050637. [PMID: 37233678 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kittens are prone to intestinal health problems as their intestines are not completely developed. Seaweed is rich in plant polysaccharides and bioactive substances that are highly beneficial to gut health. However, the effects of seaweed on cat gut health have not been assessed. This study compared the effects of dietary supplementation with enzymolysis seaweed powder and Saccharomyces boulardii on the intestinal health of kittens. In total, 30 Ragdoll kittens (age: 6 months; weight: 1.50 ± 0.29 kg) were assigned to three treatment groups for a 4-week feeding trial. The dietary treatment given was as follows: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) CON + enzymolysis seaweed powder (20 g/kg of feed) mixed evenly with the diet (SE); and (3) CON + Saccharomyces boulardii (2 × 1010 CFU/kg of feed) mixed evenly with the diet (SB). Compared with the CON and SB groups, dietary supplementation with the enzymolysis seaweed powder improved the immune and antioxidant capacity and also reduced the intestinal permeability and inflammation levels of kittens. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Faecalibacterium in the SE group was higher than those in the CON and SB groups (p ≤ 0.05), while the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Sutterellaceae, and Erysipelatoclostridium in the SB group was lower than that in the SE group (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, enzymolysis seaweed powder did not alter the level of intestinal SCFAs in kittens. Conclusively, supplementing kitten diet with enzymolysis seaweed powder can promote intestinal health by enhancing the gut barrier function and optimizing the microbiota composition. Our findings provide new perspectives on the application of enzymolysis seaweed powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruixia Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingtan Li
- Shidai Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264319, China
| | - Yuankai Qu
- Shidai Marine Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264319, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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10
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Golpour F, Abbasi-Alaei M, Babaei F, Mirzababaei M, Parvardeh S, Mohammadi G, Nassiri-Asl M. Short chain fatty acids, a possible treatment option for autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114763. [PMID: 37105078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can interact with the immune system through its metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as one of the most abundant metabolites of the resident gut microbiota play an important role in this crosstalk. SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) regulate nearly every type of immune cell in the gut's immune cell repertoire regarding their development and function. SCFAs work through several pathways to impose protection towards colonic health and against local or systemic inflammation. Additionally, SCFAs play a role in the regulation of immune or non-immune pathways that can slow the development of autoimmunity either systematically or in situ. The present study aims to summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory roles of SCFAs and the association between the SCFAs and autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease (CD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other immune-mediated diseases, uncovering a brand-new therapeutic possibility to prevent or treat autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Golpour
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Abbasi-Alaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Parvardeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Kil BJ, Pyung YJ, Park H, Kang JW, Yun CH, Huh CS. Probiotic potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae GILA with alleviating intestinal inflammation in a dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6687. [PMID: 37095161 PMCID: PMC10125971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, several probiotic products have been developed; however, most probiotic applications focused on prokaryotic bacteria whereas eukaryotic probiotics have received little attention. Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains are eukaryotes notable for their fermentation and functional food applications. The present study investigated the novel yeast strains isolated from Korean fermented beverages and examined their potential probiotic characteristics. We investigated seven strains among 100 isolates with probiotic characteristics further. The strains have capabilities such as auto-aggregation tendency, co-aggregation with a pathogen, hydrophobicity with n-hexadecane,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging effect, survival in simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions and the adhesion ability of the strains to the Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, all the strains contained high cell wall glucan content, a polysaccharide with immunological effects. Internal transcribed spacer sequencing identified the Saccharomyces strains selected in the present study as probiotics. To examine the effects of alleviating inflammation in cells, nitric oxide generation in raw 264.7 cells with S. cerevisiae showed that S. cerevisiae GILA could be a potential probiotic strain able to alleviate inflammation. Three probiotics of S. cerevisiae GILA strains were chosen by in vivo screening with a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis murine model. In particular, GILA 118 down-regulates neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and myeloperoxidase in mice treated with DSS. The expression levels of genes encoding tight junction proteins in the colon were upregulated, cytokine interleukin-10 was significantly increased, and tumor necrosis factor-α was reduced in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum Ju Kil
- Biomodulation Major, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Pyung
- Biomodulation Major, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoon Park
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Biomodulation Major, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Sung Huh
- Research Institute of Eco-Friendly Livestock Science, Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, 25354, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Hu Q, Yu L, Zhai Q, Zhao J, Tian F. Anti-Inflammatory, Barrier Maintenance, and Gut Microbiome Modulation Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae QHNLD8L1 on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076721. [PMID: 37047694 PMCID: PMC10094816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotics has been considered as a new therapy option for ulcerative colitis (UC), and yeast has recently received widespread recommendation for human health. In this study, the probiotic characteristics of four yeast strains, Saccharomyces boulardii CNCMI-745, Kluyveromyces marxianus QHBYC4L2, Saccharomyces cerevisiae QHNLD8L1, and Debaryomyces hansenii QSCLS6L3, were evaluated in vitro; their ability to ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was investigated. Among these, S. cerevisiae QHNLD8L1 protected against colitis, which was reflected by increased body weight, colon length, histological injury relief, decreased gut inflammation markers, and intestinal barrier restoration. The abundance of the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia–Shigella and Enterococcaceae in mice with colitis decreased after S. cerevisiae QHNLD8L1 treatment. Moreover, S. cerevisiae QHNLD8L1 enriched beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus, Faecalibaculum, and Butyricimonas, enhanced carbon metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis function, and increased short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) production. Taken together, our results indicate the great potential of S. cerevisiae QHNLD8L1 supplementation for the prevention and alleviation of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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13
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Xu X, Wu J, Jin Y, Huang K, Zhang Y, Liang Z. Both Saccharomyces boulardii and Its Postbiotics Alleviate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice, Association with Modulating Inflammation and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061484. [PMID: 36986214 PMCID: PMC10055518 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and its freeze-dried and spray-dried postbiotics on the intervention and potential mechanism of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. [Methods] After the acclimation period of C67BL/6J mice, a colitis model was constructed by applying 2% DSS for 7 d, followed by 7 d of intervention. Subsequently, the disease activity index (DAI), organ index, colon length, colon HE staining of pathological sections, ELISA for blood inflammatory factors (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to determine the levels of colonic inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), Occludin gene expression, and intestinal flora were assessed to evaluate the protective effects of S. boulardii and its postbiotics on colitis in mice. RESULTS Compared with the DSS group, S. boulardii and the postbiotics interventions effectively improved colonic shortening and tissue damage, increased the expression of intestinal tight junction protein, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors, and maintained the homeostasis of intestinal microorganisms. Postbiotics intervention is better than probiotics. CONCLUSIONS S. boulardii and its postbiotics can effectively alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice through modulating host immunity and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Postbiotics are promising next-generation biotherapeutics for ulcerative colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jingwei Wu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Zoo Captive Wildlife Technology, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhihong Liang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Effect of a Multistrain Probiotic on Feline Gut Health through the Fecal Microbiota and Its Metabolite SCFAs. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020228. [PMID: 36837847 PMCID: PMC9962843 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing awareness of raising pets following scientific methods, people are becoming increasingly more interested in the nutrition and health of pets, especially their intestinal health, which has become a research hotspot. Both Saccharomyces boulardii and Pediococcus acidilactici are probiotics with strong probiotic properties that can maintain the balance of intestinal flora. However, the role of Saccharomyces boulardii and Pediococcus acidilactici in felines has not been comprehensively studied to date. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of multistrain probiotics consisting of Saccharomyces boulardii and Pediococcus acidilactici on the gut health of felines by modulating gut microbes and the production of metabolite SCFAs. The results show that the multistrain probiotic did not alter the intestinal microbial diversity and structure of short-haired domestic cats, promoted the colonization of beneficial bacteria, increased the levels of microbiota-derived SCFAs and fecal antioxidants, and reduced the levels of fecal inflammatory markers. In conclusion, the use of a multistrain probiotic in healthy, short-haired domestic cats can promote gut health by modulating gut microbes, improving microbiota-derived SCFA production, reducing inflammatory conditions, and improving antioxidant status. These results provide new insights for further exploration of the role of probiotics in the gut microbiome of cats.
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15
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Muszyński D, Kudra A, Sobocki BK, Folwarski M, Vitale E, Filetti V, Dudzic W, Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Połom K. Esophageal cancer and bacterial part of gut microbiota - A multidisciplinary point of view. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1057668. [PMID: 36467733 PMCID: PMC9709273 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1057668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to search for new screening methods that allow early detection of esophageal cancer and thus achieve better clinical outcomes. Nowadays, it is known that the esophagus is not a sterile part of the gastrointestinal tract. It is colonized with various microorganisms therefore a "healthy" esophageal microbiome exists. The dysbiotic changes of esophageal microbiome can lead to the development of esophageal diseases including esophageal cancer. There is a strong consensus in the literature that the intestinal microbiome may be involved in esophageal carcinogenesis. Recently, emphasis has also been placed on the relationship between the oral microbiome and the occurrence of esophageal cancer. According to recent studies, some of the bacteria present in the oral cavity, such as Tannerella forsythia, Streptococcus anginosus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum may contribute to the development of this cancer. Moreover, the oral microbiome of patients with esophageal cancer differs significantly from that of healthy individuals. This opens new insights into the search for a microbiome-associated marker for early identification of patients at high risk for developing this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Muszyński
- Scientific Circle 4.0 associated with Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Kudra
- Scientific Circle 4.0 associated with Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marcin Folwarski
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ermanno Vitale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Occupational Medicine, Catania, Italy
| | - Veronica Filetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Occupational Medicine, Catania, Italy
| | - Wojciech Dudzic
- Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and Nutrition, Copernicus Hospital Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Karol Połom
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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The Probiotic Strains Bifidοbacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii Regulate Wound Healing and Chemokine Responses in Human Intestinal Subepithelial Myofibroblasts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101293. [PMID: 36297405 PMCID: PMC9611312 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces boulardii are common probiotic supplements. Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (cSEMFs) are actively involved in mucosal wound healing and inflammation. cSEMFs, isolated from healthy individuals, were stimulated with 102 or 104 cfu/mL of these probiotic strains alone and in combination, and their effect on chemokine and wound healing factor expression was assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA and Sircol Assay, and on cSEMFs migration, by Wound Healing Assay. These strains remained viable and altered cSEMFs’ inflammatory and wound healing behavior, depending on the strain and concentration. cSEMFs treated with a combination of the four probiotics had a moderate, but statistically significant, increase in the mRNA and/or protein expression of chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL4, CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL2 and CCL5, and healing factors, collagen type I and III, fibronectin and tissue factor. In contrast, when each strain was administered alone, different effects were observed, with greater increase or decrease in chemokine and healing factor expression, which was balanced by the mixture. Overall, this study highlights that the use of multiple probiotic strains can potentially alert the gut mucosal immune system and promote wound healing, having a better effect on mucosal immunity than the use of single probiotics.
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Sadeghi A, Ebrahimi M, Shahryari S, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Food applications of probiotic yeasts; focusing on their techno-functional, postbiotic and protective capabilities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Peng K, Xia S, Xiao S, Yu Q. Short-chain fatty acids affect the development of inflammatory bowel disease through intestinal barrier, immunology, and microbiota: A promising therapy? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1710-1718. [PMID: 35906780 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal metabolites are attracting increasing interest, especially more and more studies have found they are closely related to diseases. Microbial fermentation of indigestible dietary fibers in the gut produces short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as the main product. SCFAs can exert influences on the integrity of the intestinal epithelial and mucosal barrier, immune reactions, and the diversity of microbiota in humans. Thus, alteration in SCFAs may affect inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In IBD, SCFAs are involved in the main pathogenic process and play an important role in the development of intestinal inflammation. Although many studies have proved that pretreatment with SCFAs can effectively ameliorate inflammation in the gut, the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this review, we describe the relationship between SCFAs and IBD from the aspects of defense barrier, immune effects, and microbial alterations. We also summarize the effects of SCFAs on comorbidities in IBD via the gut-brain, gut-liver, and gut-lung axis, and we give an overview of the prospects of their clinical application. A better understanding of the relevance of SCFAs in IBD may reveal novel targets for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Suhong Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siqi Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Effects of the Probiotic, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, as a Substitute for Antibiotics on the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota and Metabolomics Profile of Female Growing-Finishing Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141778. [PMID: 35883325 PMCID: PMC9311557 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (LDB) is an approved feed additive on the Chinese ‘Approved Feed Additives’ list. However, the possibility of LDB as an antibiotic replacement remains unclear. Particularly, the effect of LDB on microbiota and metabolites in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) requires further explanation. This study aimed to identify the microbiota and metabolites present in fecal samples and investigate the relationship between the microbiota and metabolites to evaluate the potential of LDB as an antibiotic replacement in pig production. A total of 42 female growing-finishing pigs were randomly allocated into the antibiotic group (basal diet + 75 mg/kg aureomycin) and LDB (basal diet + 3.0 × 109 cfu/kg LDB) groups. Fecal samples were collected on days 0 and 30. Growth performance was recorded and assessed. 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based non-targeted metabolomics approaches were used to analyze the differences in microbiota and metabolites. Associations between the differences were calculated using Spearman correlations with the Benjamini−Hochberg adjustment. The LDB diet had no adverse effect on feed efficiency but slightly enhanced the average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake (p > 0.05). The diet supplemented with LDB increased Lactobacillus abundance and decreased that of Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group spp. Dietary-supplemented LDB enhanced the concentrations of pyridoxine, tyramine, D-(+)-pyroglutamic acid, hypoxanthine, putrescine and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and decreased the lithocholic acid concentration. The Lactobacillus networks (Lactobacillus, Peptococcus, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-004, Escherichia-Shigella, acetophenone, tyramine, putrescine, N-methylisopelletierine, N1-acetylspermine) and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group networks (Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Treponema_2, monolaurin, penciclovir, N-(5-acetamidopentyl)acetamide, glycerol 3-phosphate) were the most important in the LDB effect on pig GIT health in our study. These findings indicate that LDB may regulate GIT function through the Lactobacillus and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group networks. However, our results were restrained to fecal samples of female growing-finishing pigs; gender, growth stages, breeds and other factors should be considered to comprehensively assess LDB as an antibiotic replacement in pig production.
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Gu Y, Wang C, Qin X, Zhou B, Liu X, Liu T, Xie R, Liu J, Wang B, Cao H. Saccharomyces boulardii, a yeast probiotic, inhibits gut motility through upregulating intestinal serotonin transporter and modulating gut microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2022; 181:106291. [PMID: 35690329 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Saccharomyces boulardii (Sb) is a widely used fungal probiotic in treating various digestive diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, the specific mechanisms of Sb relieving IBS remain unclear. The abnormal serotonin transporter (SERT) / 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system could cause disordered gastrointestinal sensation and motility, which closely related to IBS pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the effects and mechanisms of Sb on regulating gut motility. Sb supernatant (SbS) was administered to intestinal epithelial cells and mice. SbS upregulated SERT expression via enhancing heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) release to activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). EGFR kinase inhibitor treatment or HB-EGF siRNA transfection in cells blocked SbS upregulating SERT. Consistently, SbS-treated mice presented inhibited gut motility, and EGFR activation and SERT upregulation were found. Moreover, 16 S rDNA sequence presented an evident decrease in Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes ratio in SbS group. In genus level, SbS reduced Escherichia_Shigella, Alistipes, Clostridium XlVa, and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis, meanwhile, increased Parasutterella. The abundance of Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis positively correlated with defecation parameters and intestinal 5-HT content. Fecal microbiota transplantation showed that SbS could modulate gut microbiota to influence gut motility. Interestingly, elimination of gut microbiota with antibiotic cocktail did not entirely block SbS regulating gut motility. Furthermore, SbS administration to IBS-D mice significantly upregulated SERT and inhibited gut motility. In conclusion, SbS could upregulate SERT by EGFR activation, and modulate gut microbiota to inhibit gut motility. This finding would provide more evidence for the application of this yeast probiotic in IBS and other diarrheal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Xiali Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin TeDa Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China.
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Zheng L, Wen XL, Duan SL. Role of metabolites derived from gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:2660-2677. [PMID: 35434116 PMCID: PMC8968818 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i9.2660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, it is improved gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease pathogenesis. Metabolites, small molecules produced as intermediate or end products of microbial metabolism, is considered as one of the major interaction way for gut microbiota with the host. Bacterial metabolisms of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules or bacteria are the major source of metabolites. Signals from microbial metabolites affect immune maturation and homeostasis, host energy metabolism as well as mucosal integrity maintenance. Based on many researches, the composition and function of the microbiota can be changed, which is also seen in the metabolite profiles of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Additionally, some specific classes of metabolites also can trigger IBD. In this paper, definition of the key classes of microbial-derived metabolites which are changed in IBD, description of the pathophysiological basis of association and identification of the precision therapeutic modulation in the future are the major contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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Zheng L, Wen XL, Duan SL. Role of metabolites derived from gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:2658-2675. [DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i9.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, it is improved gut microbiota plays an important role in the health and disease pathogenesis. Metabolites, small molecules produced as intermediate or end products of microbial metabolism, is considered as one of the major interaction way for gut microbiota with the host. Bacterial metabolisms of dietary substrates, modification of host molecules or bacteria are the major source of metabolites. Signals from microbial metabolites affect immune maturation and homeostasis, host energy metabolism as well as mucosal integrity maintenance. Based on many researches, the composition and function of the microbiota can be changed, which is also seen in the metabolite profiles of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Additionally, some specific classes of metabolites also can trigger IBD. In this paper, definition of the key classes of microbial-derived metabolites which are changed in IBD, description of the pathophysiological basis of association and identification of the precision therapeutic modulation in the future are the major contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China
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Kocot AM, Jarocka-Cyrta E, Drabińska N. Overview of the Importance of Biotics in Gut Barrier Integrity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052896. [PMID: 35270039 PMCID: PMC8911280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased gut permeability is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of a growing number of disorders. The altered intestinal barrier and the subsequent translocation of bacteria or bacterial products into the internal milieu of the human body induce the inflammatory state. Gut microbiota maintains intestinal epithelium integrity. Since dysbiosis contributes to increased gut permeability, the interventions that change the gut microbiota and correct dysbiosis are suggested to also restore intestinal barrier function. In this review, the current knowledge on the role of biotics (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics) in maintaining the intestinal barrier function is summarized. The potential outcome of the results from in vitro and animal studies is presented, and the need for further well-designed randomized clinical trials is highlighted. Moreover, we indicate the need to understand the mechanisms by which biotics regulate the function of the intestinal barrier. This review is concluded with the future direction and requirement of studies involving biotics and gut barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Maria Kocot
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, Regional Specialized Children’s Hospital, Żołnierska St. 18A, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Natalia Drabińska
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
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