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Lin Z, Feng J, Fang L, Zhang Y, Ran Q, Zhu Q, Yu D. Transforming Commercial Polymers into Tough yet Switchable Adhesives by Trident Photoswitch Molecule Doping: Break Adhesion-Switchability Paradox. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406459. [PMID: 39118581 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Here, a trident molecule doping strategy is introduced to overcome both cohesion-adhesion trade-off and adhesion-switchability conflict, transforming commercial polymers into tough yet photo-switchable adhesives. The strategy involves initial rational design of new trident photoswitch molecules namely TAzo-3 featuring azobenzene and hydroxy-terminated alkyl chains involved rigid-soft tri-branch structure, and subsequent doping into commercial polycaprolactone (PCL) via simple blending. Unique design enables TAzo-3 as a versatile dopant, not only regulating the internal and external supramolecular interaction to balance cohesion and interface adhesion for tough bonding, but also affording marked photothermal effect to facilitate rapid adhesive melting for great photo-switchability. Thus, the optimal TAzo-3-doped PCL (TAzo-3@P) displays markedly-improved bonding performance on diverse substrates compared to linear azobenzene-doped PCL and pure PCL. Impressively, TAzo-3@P on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) attains large room-temperature adhesion strength of 6.7 MPa - surpassing most reported adhesives and many commercial adhesives on PMMA, along with easy photo-induced detachment with remarkable switch ratio of 2.09 × 105. Besides, TAzo-3@P can also act as "permanent" adhesives for only adhesion, demonstrating excellent multi-reusability, anti-freezing and waterproof ability. Mechanism studies unveil that the switchable adhesion is closely linked with the dopant molecule structure while rigid-soft coupled trident structures and hydroxy-terminated alkyl chains are key factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Lin
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Long Fang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qishan Ran
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qikai Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dingshan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer-based Composites of Guangdong Province, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Wang S, Ou R, Li J, Jin K, Yu L, Murto P, Wang Z, Xu X. Deformation-Resistant Underwater Adhesion in a Wide Salinity Range. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403350. [PMID: 38988140 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Conventional adhesives experience reduced adhesion when exposed to aqueous environments. The development of underwater adhesives capable of forming strong and durable bonds across various wet substrates is crucial in biomedical and engineering domains. Nonetheless, limited emphasis placed on retaining high adhesion strengths in different saline environments, addressing challenges such as elevated osmotic pressure and spontaneous dimensional alterations. Herein, a series of ionogel-based underwater adhesives are developed using a copolymerization approach that incorporates "dynamic complementary cross-linking" networks. Synergistic engineering of building blocks, cross-linking networks, pendant groups and counterions within ionogels ensures their adhesion and cohesion in brine spanning a wide salinity range. A high adhesion strength of ≈3.6 MPa is attained in freshwater. Gratifyingly, steady adhesion strengths exceeding 3.3 MPa are retained in hypersaline solutions with salinity ranging from 50 to 200 g kg-1, delivering one of the best-performing underwater adhesives suitable for diverse saline solutions. A combination of outstanding durability, reliability, deformation resistance, salt tolerance, and self-healing properties showcases the "self-contained" underwater adhesion. This study shines light on the facile fabrication of catechol-free ionogel-based adhesives, not merely boosting adhesion strengths in freshwater, but also broadening their applicability across various saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxue Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Richang Ou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Kai Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Petri Murto
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Zhihang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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3
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Zhou X, Zhou K, Tang L, Chen Z, Hu Q, Gao J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhang S. A Strong and Highly Transparent Ionogel Electrolyte Enabled by In Situ Polymerization-Induced Microphase Separation for High-Performance Electrochromic Devices. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300736. [PMID: 38697133 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Electrochromic devices built with ionogel electrolytes are seen as a pivotal step toward the future of quasi-solid electrochromic devices, due to their striking properties like exceptional safety and high ionic conductivity. Yet, the poor mechanical strength of electrolyte of these devices remains a constraint that hampers their advancement. As a resolution, this research explores the use of a robust, transparent ionogel electrolyte, which is designed using an in situ microphase separation strategy. The ionogels are highly transparent and robust and exhibit excellent physicochemical stability, including a wide electrochemical window and high temperature tolerance. Benefitting from these properties, a high-performance electrochromic device is fabricated through in situ polymerization with the ionogels, PPRODOT as the electrochromic layer, and PEDOT: PSS as the ion storage layer, achieving high transmittance contrast (43.1%), fast response (1/1.7 s), high coloring efficiency (1296.4 cm2 C-1), and excellent cycling endurance (>99.9% retention after 2000 cycles). In addition, using ITO-poly(ethylene terephthalate) as flexible substrates, a deformable electrochromic device displaying high stability is realized, highlighting the potential use in functional wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Kaijian Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Liang Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Zhanying Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Qinyu Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
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4
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Li Q, Yan F, Texter J. Polymerized and Colloidal Ionic Liquids─Syntheses and Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3813-3931. [PMID: 38512224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The breadth and importance of polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) are steadily expanding, and this review updates advances and trends in syntheses, properties, and applications over the past five to six years. We begin with an historical overview of the genesis and growth of the PIL field as a subset of materials science. The genesis of ionic liquids (ILs) over nano to meso length-scales exhibiting 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D topologies defines colloidal ionic liquids, CILs, which compose a subclass of PILs and provide a synthetic bridge between IL monomers (ILMs) and micro to macro-scale PIL materials. The second focus of this review addresses design and syntheses of ILMs and their polymerization reactions to yield PILs and PIL-based materials. A burgeoning diversity of ILMs reflects increasing use of nonimidazolium nuclei and an expanding use of step-growth chemistries in synthesizing PIL materials. Radical chain polymerization remains a primary method of making PILs and reflects an increasing use of controlled polymerization methods. Step-growth chemistries used in creating some CILs utilize extensive cross-linking. This cross-linking is enabled by incorporating reactive functionalities in CILs and PILs, and some of these CILs and PILs may be viewed as exotic cross-linking agents. The third part of this update focuses upon some advances in key properties, including molecular weight, thermal properties, rheology, ion transport, self-healing, and stimuli-responsiveness. Glass transitions, critical solution temperatures, and liquidity are key thermal properties that tie to PIL rheology and viscoelasticity. These properties in turn modulate mechanical properties and ion transport, which are foundational in increasing applications of PILs. Cross-linking in gelation and ionogels and reversible step-growth chemistries are essential for self-healing PILs. Stimuli-responsiveness distinguishes PILs from many other classes of polymers, and it emphasizes the importance of segmentally controlling and tuning solvation in CILs and PILs. The fourth part of this review addresses development of applications, and the diverse scope of such applications supports the increasing importance of PILs in materials science. Adhesion applications are supported by ionogel properties, especially cross-linking and solvation tunable interactions with adjacent phases. Antimicrobial and antifouling applications are consequences of the cationic nature of PILs. Similarly, emulsion and dispersion applications rely on tunable solvation of functional groups and on how such groups interact with continuous phases and substrates. Catalysis is another significant application, and this is an historical tie between ILs and PILs. This component also provides a connection to diverse and porous carbon phases templated by PILs that are catalysts or serve as supports for catalysts. Devices, including sensors and actuators, also rely on solvation tuning and stimuli-responsiveness that include photo and electrochemical stimuli. We conclude our view of applications with 3D printing. The largest components of these applications are energy related and include developments for supercapacitors, batteries, fuel cells, and solar cells. We conclude with our vision of how PIL development will evolve over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - John Texter
- Strider Research Corporation, Rochester, New York 14610-2246, United States
- School of Engineering, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197, United States
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5
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Maitland GL, Liu M, Neal TJ, Hammerton J, Han Y, Worrall SD, Topham PD, Derry MJ. Block copolymer synthesis in ionic liquid via polymerisation-induced self-assembly: a convenient route to gel electrolytes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4416-4426. [PMID: 38516087 PMCID: PMC10952082 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06717c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We report for the first time a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerisation-induced self-assembly (RAFT-PISA) formulation in ionic liquid (IL) that yields worm gels. A series of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-b-poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PHEMA-b-PBzMA) block copolymer nanoparticles were synthesised via RAFT dispersion polymerisation of benzyl methacrylate in the hydrophilic IL 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide, [EMIM][DCA]. This RAFT-PISA formulation can be controlled to afford spherical, worm-like and vesicular nano-objects, with free-standing gels being obtained over a broad range of PBzMA core-forming degrees of polymerisation (DPs). High monomer conversions (≥96%) were obtained within 2 hours for all PISA syntheses as determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and good control over molar mass was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Nanoparticle morphologies were identified using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and further detailed characterisation was conducted to monitor rheological, electrochemical and thermal characteristics of the nanoparticle dispersions to assess their potential in future electronic applications. Most importantly, this new PISA formulation in IL facilitates the in situ formation of worm ionogel electrolyte materials at copolymer concentrations >4% w/w via efficient and convenient synthesis routes without the need for organic co-solvents or post-polymerisation processing/purification. Moreover, we demonstrate that the worm ionogels developed in this work exhibit comparable electrochemical properties and thermal stability to that of the IL alone, showcasing their potential as gel electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia L Maitland
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Thomas J Neal
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - James Hammerton
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Yisong Han
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Stephen D Worrall
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Paul D Topham
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
| | - Matthew J Derry
- Aston Advanced Materials Research Centre, Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET UK
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6
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Li HN, Zhang C, Yang HC, Liang HQ, Wang Z, Xu ZK. Solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers: rising-star platforms for flexible intelligent devices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1152-1176. [PMID: 38165799 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Soft ionic conductors have emerged as a powerful toolkit to engineer transparent flexible intelligent devices that go beyond their conventional counterparts. Particularly, due to their superior capacities of eliminating the evaporation, freezing and leakage issues of the liquid phase encountered with hydrogels, organohydrogels and ionogels, the emerging solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers have been largely recognized as ideal candidates for intelligent flexible devices. However, despite their extensive development, a comprehensive and timely review in this emerging field is lacking, particularly from the perspective of design principles, advanced manufacturing, and distinctive applications. Herein, we present (1) the design principles and intriguing merits of solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers; (2) the methods to manufacture solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers with preferential architectures and functions using advanced technologies such as 3D printing; (3) how to leverage solid-state, liquid-free ion-conducting elastomers in exploiting advanced applications, especially in the fields of flexible wearable sensors, bioelectronics and energy harvesting; (4) what are the unsolved scientific and technical challenges and future opportunities in this multidisciplinary field. We envision that this review will provide a paradigm shift to trigger insightful thinking and innovation in the development of intelligent flexible devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Nan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Hong-Qing Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment Technology, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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7
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Liang M, Wei D, Ren P, Xu L, Tao Y, Yang L, Jiao G, Zhang T, Serizawa T. A Visible Light Cross-Linked Underwater Hydrogel Adhesive with Biodegradation and Hemostatic Ability. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302538. [PMID: 38176693 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel adhesives with integrated functionalities are still required to match their ever-expanding practical applications in the field of tissue repair and regeneration. A simple and effective safety strategy is reported, involving an in situ injectable polymer precursor and visible light-induced cross-linking. This strategy enables the preparation of a hydrogel adhesive in a physiological environment, offering wet adhesion to tissue surfaces, molecular flexibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility, efficient hemostatic performance, and the ability to facilitate liver injury repair. The proposed one-step preparation process of this polymer precursor involves the mixing of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), poly(thioctic acid) [P(TA)], poly(acrylic acid)/amorphous calcium phosphate (PAAc/ACP, PA) and FDA-approved photoinitiator solution, and a subsequent visible light irradiation after in situ injection into target tissues that resulted in a chemically-physically cross-linked hybrid hydrogel adhesive. Such a combined strategy shows promise for medical scenarios, such as uncontrollable post-traumatic bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yinghua Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Liuxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Guanhua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Takeshi Serizawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H121 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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8
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Ma J, Yang Y, Zhang X, Xue P, Valenzuela C, Liu Y, Wang L, Feng W. Mechanochromic and ionic conductive cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers for biomechanical monitoring and human-machine interaction. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:217-226. [PMID: 37901959 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01386c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers (CLCEs) that combine rubbery elasticity with structural colour from self-assembled helical nanostructures are of paramount importance for diverse applications such as biomimetic skins, adaptive optics and soft robotics. Despite great advances, it is challenging to integrate electrical sensing and colour-changing characteristics in a single CLCE system. Here, we report the design and synthesis of an ionic conductive cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer (iCLCE) through in situ Michael addition and free-radical photopolymerization of CLCE precursors on silane-functionalized polymer ionic liquid networks, in which robust covalent chemical bonding was formed at the interface. Thanks to superior mechanochromism and ionic conductivity, the resulting iCLCEs exhibit dynamic colour-changing and electrical sensing functions in a wide range upon mechanical stretching, and can be used for biomechanical monitoring during joint bending. Importantly, a capacitive elastomeric sensor can be constructed through facilely stacking iCLCEs, where the optical and electrical dual-signal reporting performance allows intuitive visual localization of pressure intensity and distribution. Moreover, proof-of-concept application of the iCLCEs has been demonstrated with human-interactive systems. The research disclosed herein can provide new insights into the development of bioinspired somatosensory materials for emerging applications in diverse fields such as human-machine interaction, prostheses and intelligent robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhe Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Pan Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Cristian Valenzuela
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
- Binhai Industrial Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300452, China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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9
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Jin Z, Liu H, Zhang H. Environment Endurable, Self-Healing, Super-Adhesive, and Mechanically Strong Ionogels for Reliable Sensing. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300457. [PMID: 37831810 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels possess high conductivity, stretchability, and adhesion, making them promising as flexible sensors. However, it remains challenging to fabricate an ionogel which integrates excellent environment endurance, superior mechanical strength, high self-healing efficiency, and super adhesion. Herein, a supramolecular ionic liquid is synthesized using calcium chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. An advanced ionogel based on this supramolecular ionic liquid is conveniently constructed by a one-pot method with acrylamide and acrylic acid as monomers. The supramolecular cross-linking network, formed by affluent coordination interactions, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions, provides the ionogel with ideal mechanical strength (tensile strength up to 1.7 MPa), high self-healing efficiency (up to 149%), super adhesion (up to 358 kPa on aluminum), excellent solvent tolerance (less than 10% weight increase, high mechanical and sensing performance retention after being soaked in organic solvents), and low-temperature endurance (breaking elongation can reach 87% at -30 °C). The supramolecular ionogels can function as multi-mode sensors, capable of monitoring strain and different amplitudes of human movements in real-time. Moreover, the sensing performance of ionogels remains unaffected even after being self-healed or exposure to organic solvents. It is expected that this study could offer valuable design ideas to construct advanced gel materials applicable in complicated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxu Jin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
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10
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Zheng C, Gao Q, Quan Y, Bai Q, Hu F, Chen W, Liu J, Zhang Y, Lu T. Preparation and Hemostatic Effect of Micro-Nanograded Porous Particles Doped with Dopamine-Based Water-Triggered Intelligent Composite Adhesives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39847-39863. [PMID: 37578471 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The wet environment of water or tissue in bleeding wounds poses significant challenges to the adhesion performance of existing hemostatic adhesives. An intelligent composite adhesive prepared by doping starch-based silicate micro-nanograded porous particles (MBC@CMS) with dopamine-hyperbranched polymers (HPD, 7800 Mw) synthesized by the Michael addition reaction could be triggered by water to form a glue (MBC@CMS-HPD). The results indicated that MBC@CMS-HPD could still have adhesion properties under running water washing and water immersion and could effectively seal the water outlet. The results of the glue-forming mechanism showed that MBC@CMS-HPD had better wettability than water, which could eliminate water molecules at the wet adhesive surface. When contacted with water, the agglomeration of the HPD hydrophobic chain increases the exposure of the catechol group, and the relative atomic mass of the N element on the surface increases from 2.8 to 4.8%. The adhesion of MBC@CMS-HPD was enhanced and stable. MBC@CMS-HPD showed significant hemostasis effects in five injury bleeding models of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and New Zealand rabbits. Especially in the fatal femoral artery bleeding model of New Zealand rabbits, MBC@CMS-HPD reduced the amount of bleeding by 75% and shortened the bleeding time by 78% compared with the a-cyanoacrylate adhesives. The results of the coagulation mechanism showed that compared with HPD, MBC@CMS-HPD could activate both endogenous and exogenous coagulation pathways. Among them, after contact with blood, HPD formed a gel to close the blood outlet, and MBC@CMS entered the wound to activate the internal and external coagulation pathways. In addition, HPD and MBC@CMS had good histocompatibility and degradability, which has the potential to be applied to different wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Qian Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiao Quan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Que Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jinxi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Tingli Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
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11
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Wu Y, Su C, Wang S, Zheng B, Mahjoubnia A, Sattari K, Zhang H, Meister J, Huang G, Lin J. A Photocured Bio-based Shape Memory Thermoplastics for Reversible Wet Adhesion. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2023; 470:144226. [PMID: 37484781 PMCID: PMC10361415 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.144226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Development of reversible wet or underwater adhesives remains a grand challenge. Because weakened intermolecular interactions by water molecules or/and low effective contact area cause poor interface to the wet surfaces, which significantly decreases adhesive strength. Herein, a new photocured, bio-based shape memory polymer (SMP) that shows both chemical and structural wet adhesion to various types of surfaces is developed. The SMP is polymerized from three monomers mainly from bio-sources to form linear polymer chains dangled with hydrophobic side chains. The hydrogen acceptor and donor groups in the chains form hydrogen bonding with the surfaces, which is protected by the hydrophobic chains in the interface. The SMP shows tunable phase transition temperature (Tg) of 17-38 °C. In a rubbery state above Tg, the adhesive forms conformable contact with the targeted surfaces. Below Tg, a transition to a glassy state locks the conformed shapes to largely increase the effective contact area. As a result, the adhesive exhibits long-term underwater adhesion of > 15 days with the best adhesion strength of ~ 0.9 MPa. Its applications in leak repair, underwater on-skin sensors were demonstrated. This new, general strategy would pave avenues to designing bio-based, long-lasting, and reversible adhesives from renewable feedstocks for widespread applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Changhua Su
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition & Exercise Sciences; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Bujingda Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Alireza Mahjoubnia
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kianoosh Sattari
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - James Meister
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Guoliang Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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12
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Huang J, Yu Z, Wu P. 3D Printing of Ionogels with Complementary Functionalities Enabled by Self-Regulating Ink. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302891. [PMID: 37357146 PMCID: PMC10460849 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Shaping soft and conductive materials into sophisticated architectures through 3D printing is driving innovation in myriad applications, such as robotic counterparts that emulate the synergic functions of biological systems. Although recently developed multi-material 3D printing has enabled on-demand creation of intricate artificial counterparts from a wide range of functional viscoelastic materials. However, directly achieving complementary functionalities in one ink design remains largely unexplored, given the issues of printability and synergy among ink components. In this study, an easily accessible and self-regulating tricomponent ionogel-based ink design to address these challenges is reported. The resultant 3D printed objects, based on the same component but with varying ratios of ink formulations, exhibit distinct yet complementary properties. For example, their Young's modulus can differ by three orders of magnitude, and some structures are rigid while others are ductile and viscous. A theoretical model is also employed for predicting and controlling the printing resolution. By integrating complementary functionalities, one further demonstrates a representative bioinspired prototype of spiderweb, which mimics the sophisticated structure and multiple functions of a natural spiderweb, even working and camouflaging underwater. This ink design strategy greatly extends the material choice and can provide valuable guidance in constructing diverse artificial systems by 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Zhenchuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Peiyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCenter for Advanced Low‐Dimension MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
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13
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Yao Y, Hui Y, Wang Z, Chen H, Zhu H, Zhou N. Granular Ionogel Particle Inks for 3D Printed Tough and Stretchable Ionotronics. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0104. [PMID: 37292516 PMCID: PMC10246561 DOI: 10.34133/research.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels have garnered great attention as promising soft conducting materials for the fabrication of flexible energy storage devices, soft actuators, and ionotronics. However, the leakage of the ionic liquids, weak mechanical strength, and poor manufacturability have greatly limited their reliability and applications. Here, we propose a new ionogel synthesis strategy by utilizing granular zwitterionic microparticles to stabilize ionic liquids. The ionic liquids swell the microparticles and physically crosslink microparticles via either electronic interaction or hydrogen bonding. Further introducing a photocurable acrylic monomer enables the fabrication of double-network (DN) ionogels with high stretchability (>600%) and ultrahigh toughness (fracture energy > 10 kJ/m2). The synthesized ionogels exhibit a wide working temperature of -60 to 90 °C. By tuning the crosslinking density of microparticles and physical crosslinking strength of ionogels, we synthesize DN ionogel inks and print them into three-dimensional (3D) motifs. Several ionogel-based ionotronics are 3D printed as demonstrations, including strain gauges, humidity sensors, and ionic skins made of capacitive touch sensor arrays. Via covalently linking ionogels with silicone elastomers, we integrate the ionogel sensors onto pneumatic soft actuators and demonstrate their capacities in sensing large deformation. As our last demonstration, multimaterial direct ink writing is harnessed to fabricate highly stretchable and durable alternating-current electroluminescent devices with arbitrary structures. Our printable granular ionogel ink represents a versatile platform for the future manufacturing of ionotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering,
Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology,
Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yue Hui
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering,
Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology,
Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials,
the University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering,
Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology,
Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hehao Chen
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering,
Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology,
Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Heng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power & Mechatronic System, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Nanjia Zhou
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering,
Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology,
Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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14
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Liu Z, Jiang Q, Bisoyi HK, Zhu G, Nie ZZ, Jiang K, Yang H, Li Q. Multifunctional Ionic Conductive Anisotropic Elastomers with Self-Wrinkling Microstructures by In Situ Phase Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37267423 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional flexible sensors are the development trend of wearable electronic devices in the future. As the core of flexible sensors, the key is to construct a stable multifunctional integrated conductive elastomer. Here, ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) with self-wrinkling microstructures are designed and prepared by in situ phase separation induced by a one-step polymerization reaction. The ICEs are composed of ionic liquids as ionic conductors doped into liquid crystal elastomers. The doped ionic liquids cluster into small droplets and in situ induce the formation of wrinkle structures on the upper surface of the films. The prepared ICEs exhibit mechanochromism, conductivity, large tensile strain, low hysteresis, high cycle stability, and sensitivity during the tension-release process, which achieve dual-mode outputs of optical and electrical signals for information transmission and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hari Krishna Bisoyi
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
| | - Guanqun Zhu
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhen-Zhou Nie
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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15
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Li F, Mo J, Zhang Z, Shi SQ, Li J, Cao J, Wang Z. Achieving strong, stable, and durable underwater adhesives based on a simple and generic amino-acid-resembling design. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37183590 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00301a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing underwater adhesives is important in many applications. Despite extensive progress, achieving strong, stable, and durable underwater adhesion via a simple and effective way is still challenging, mainly due to the conflict between the interfacial and bulk properties. Here, we report a unique bio-inspired strategy to facilely construct superior underwater adhesives with desirable interfacial and bulk properties. For adhesive design, a hydrophilic backbone is utilized to quickly absorb water for effective dehydration, and a novel amino acid-resembling functional block is developed to provide versatile molecular interactions for high interfacial adhesion. Moreover, the conjunction of these two components enables the generation of abundant covalent crosslinks for robust bulk cohesion. Such a rational design allows the adhesive to present a boosted underwater adhesion (3.92 MPa to glass), remarkable durability (maintaining high strength after one month), and good stability in various harsh environments (pH, salt, high temperature, and organic solvents). This strategy is generic, allowing the derivation of more similar adhesive designs easily and triggering new thinking for designing bio-inspired adhesives and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jiaying Mo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Caradiovasular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Sheldon Q Shi
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Jianzhang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinfeng Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application & Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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16
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Chen J, Wang Y, Li L, Miao YE, Zhao X, Yan XP, Zhang C, Feng W, Liu T. Visible-Light Transparent, Ultrastretchable, and Self-Healable Semicrystalline Fluorinated Ionogels for Underwater Strain Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16109-16117. [PMID: 36939056 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of ultrastretchable ionogels with a combination of high transparency and unique waterproofness is central to the development of emerging skin-inspired sensors. In this study, an ultrastretchable semicrystalline fluorinated ionogel (SFIG) with visible-light transparency and underwater stability is prepared through one-pot copolymerization of acrylic acid and fluorinated acrylate monomers in a mixed solution of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and fluorinated ionic liquids. Benefiting from the formation of the PEO-chain semicrystalline microstructures and the abundant noncovalent interactions (reversible hydrogen bonds and ion-dipole interactions) in an ionogel, SFIG is rendered with room-temperature stable cross-linking structures, providing high mechanical elasticity as well as high chain segment dynamics for self-healing and efficient energy absorption during the deformation. The resultant SFIG exhibits excellent stretchability (>2500%), improved mechanical toughness (7.4 MJ m-3), and room-temperature self-healability. Due to the high compatibility and abundance of hydrophobic fluorinated moieties in the ionogel, the SFIG demonstrates high visible-light transparency (>97%) and excellent waterproofness. Due to these unique advantages, the as-prepared SFIG is capable of working as an ultrastretchable ionic conductor in capacitive-type strain sensors, demonstrating excellent underwater strain-sensing performances with high sensitivity, large detecting range, and exceptional durability. This work might provide a straightforward and efficient method for obtaining waterproof ionogel elastomers for application in next-generation underwater sensors and communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Le Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yue-E Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
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17
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Hao S, Yang C, Yang X, Li T, Ma L, Jiao Y, Song H. Highly Tough, Stretchable, and Recyclable Ionogels with Crosslink-Enhanced Emission Characteristics for Anti-Counterfeiting and Motion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16132-16143. [PMID: 36921264 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional luminescent ionogels often suffer from poor mechanical properties and a lack of recyclability and regeneration, which limits their further application and sustainable development. Herein, a luminescent ionogel with strong mechanical properties and good recyclability has been designed and fabricated by introducing dynamic coordination bonds via in situ one-step crosslinking of acrylic acid in ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate by zinc dimethacrylate. Due to the special crosslinking of dynamic coordination bonds along with the hydrogen bond interaction, the as-prepared ionogel displays excellent stretchability and toughness, good self-adhesiveness, fast self-healability, and recyclability. Interestingly, the obtained ionogels exhibit tunable photoluminescence caused by the crosslink-enhanced emission (CEE) effect from the coordination bonds. Importantly, ionogels can be applied in information storage, information encryption, anti-counterfeiting due to their simple and in situ preparation method, and their special fluorescence performances. Moreover, an ionogel-based wearable sensor has rapid response time and a high gauge factor of 3.22 within a wide strain range from 1 to 700%, which can monitor various human movements accurately from subtle to large-scale motions. This paper offers a promising way to fabricate sustainable functional ionic liquid-based composites with CEE characteristics via an in situ one-step polymerization method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Lianhua Ma
- College of Quality and Technical Supervision, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Yunhong Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongzan Song
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
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18
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Zhao X, Xu J, Zhang J, Guo M, Wu Z, Li Y, Xu C, Yin H, Wang X. Fluorescent double network ionogels with fast self-healability and high resilience for reliable human motion detection. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:646-656. [PMID: 36533533 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01325h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fascinating properties are displayed by high-performance ionogel-based flexible strain sensors, thereby gaining increasing attention in various applications ranging from human motion monitoring to soft robotics. However, the integration of excellent properties such as optical and mechanical properties and satisfactory sensing performance for one ionogel sensor is still a challenge. In particular, fatigue-resistant and self-healing properties are essential to continuous sensing. Herein, we design a flexible ion-conductive sensor based on a multifunctional ionogel with a double network using polyacrylamide, amino-modified agarose, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxaldehyde and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The ionogel exhibits comprehensive properties including high transparency (>95%), nonflammability, strong adhesion and good temperature tolerance (about -96 to 260 °C), especially adaptive for extreme conditions. The dynamic imine bonds and abundant hydrogen bonds endow the ionogel with excellent self-healing capability, to realize rapid self-repair within minutes, as well as good mechanical properties and ductility to dissipate input energy and realize high resilience. Notably, unexpected fluorescence has been observed for the ionogel because of the gelation-induced emission phenomenon. Flexible strain sensors prepared directly from ionogels can sensitively monitor and differentiate various human motions, exhibiting a fast response time (38 ms), high sensitivity (gauge factor = 3.13 at 800% strain), good durability (>1000 cycles) and excellent stability over a wide temperature range (-30 to 80 °C). Therefore, the prepared ionogel as a high-performance flexible strain sensor in this study shows tremendous potential in wearable devices and soft ionotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Jiaheng Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an 271000, P. R. China
| | - Jingyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Mengru Guo
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Zhelun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Yueyue Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Hongzong Yin
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Film Application of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai'an 271018, P. R. China
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19
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Zhu T, Ni Y, Biesold GM, Cheng Y, Ge M, Li H, Huang J, Lin Z, Lai Y. Recent advances in conductive hydrogels: classifications, properties, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:473-509. [PMID: 36484322 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00173j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based conductive materials for smart wearable devices have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent flexibility, versatility, and outstanding biocompatibility. This review presents the recent advances in multifunctional conductive hydrogels for electronic devices. First, conductive hydrogels with different components are discussed, including pure single network hydrogels based on conductive polymers, single network hydrogels with additional conductive additives (i.e., nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanosheets), double network hydrogels based on conductive polymers, and double network hydrogels with additional conductive additives. Second, conductive hydrogels with a variety of functionalities, including self-healing, super toughness, self-growing, adhesive, anti-swelling, antibacterial, structural color, hydrophobic, anti-freezing, shape memory and external stimulus responsiveness are introduced in detail. Third, the applications of hydrogels in flexible devices are illustrated (i.e., strain sensors, supercapacitors, touch panels, triboelectric nanogenerator, bioelectronic devices, and robot). Next, the current challenges facing hydrogels are summarized. Finally, an imaginative but reasonable outlook is given, which aims to drive further development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxue Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Yimeng Ni
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Gill M Biesold
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yan Cheng
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Mingzheng Ge
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiong Li
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jianying Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China. .,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yuekun Lai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China. .,Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, P. R. China
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20
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Wang M, Hu J, Dickey MD. Tough Ionogels: Synthesis, Toughening Mechanisms, and Mechanical Properties-A Perspective. JACS AU 2022; 2:2645-2657. [PMID: 36590265 PMCID: PMC9795568 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric ionogels are polymer networks swollen with ionic liquids (i.e., salts with low melting points). Ionogels are interesting due to their unique features such as nonvolatility, high thermal and electrochemical stability, excellent ionic conductivity, and nonflammability. These properties enable applications such as unconventional electronics, energy storage devices (i.e., batteries and supercapacitors), sensors and actuators. However, the poor mechanical performance of ionogels (e.g., fracture strength < 1 MPa, modulus < 0.1 MPa, and toughness < 1000 J m-2) have limited their use, thus motivating the need for tough ionogels. This Perspective summarizes recent advances toward tough ionogels by highlighting synthetic methods and toughening mechanisms. Opportunities and promising applications of tough ionogels are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jian Hu
- State
Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department
of Engineering Mechanics, Xi’an Jiaotong
University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Michael D. Dickey
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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21
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Xu J, Wang H, Wen X, Wang S, Wang H. Mechanically Strong, Wet Adhesive, and Self-Healing Polyurethane Ionogel Enhanced with a Semi-interpenetrating Network for Underwater Motion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:54203-54214. [PMID: 36409304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The gel-based sensors have developed rapidly in recent years toward multifunctionality. However, there are still some challenges that need to be solved, such as poor mechanical properties and inaccessibility to wet or water environments. To address these issues, we have developed an ionogel with a semi-interpenetrating network structure by adopting poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) as the linear non-cross-linked network, a double-bonded ionic liquid and double-bonded capped polyurethane as the cross-linked network, and an ionic liquid as the conductive media. The obtained ionogel exhibits tunable mechanical properties (3.67-8.76 MPa) and excellent sensing properties (IG-20, GF = 8.2). The superb environmental stability and self-healing properties of the ionogel were also demonstrated. Meanwhile, adhesion, self-healing, and sensing performance were guaranteed for underwater due to the presence of a large number of C-F bonds. We strongly believe that this ionogel with excellent mechanical properties and underwater communication is expected for monitoring the health of the human body and information transmission in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhuai Xu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry, Sichuan University, Chengdu610065, P. R. China
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22
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Effect of spatial configuration on adhesion of 1,2-disubstituted cyclohexane derivatives. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Montazerian H, Davoodi E, Baidya A, Badv M, Haghniaz R, Dalili A, Milani AS, Hoorfar M, Annabi N, Khademhosseini A, Weiss PS. Bio-macromolecular design roadmap towards tough bioadhesives. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9127-9173. [PMID: 36269075 PMCID: PMC9810209 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00618a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging sutureless wound-closure techniques have led to paradigm shifts in wound management. State-of-the-art biomaterials offer biocompatible and biodegradable platforms enabling high cohesion (toughness) and adhesion for rapid bleeding control as well as robust attachment of implantable devices. Tough bioadhesion stems from the synergistic contributions of cohesive and adhesive interactions. This Review provides a biomacromolecular design roadmap for the development of tough adhesive surgical sealants. We discuss a library of materials and methods to introduce toughness and adhesion to biomaterials. Intrinsically tough and elastic polymers are leveraged primarily by introducing strong but dynamic inter- and intramolecular interactions either through polymer chain design or using crosslink regulating additives. In addition, many efforts have been made to promote underwater adhesion via covalent/noncovalent bonds, or through micro/macro-interlock mechanisms at the tissue interfaces. The materials settings and functional additives for this purpose and the related characterization methods are reviewed. Measurements and reporting needs for fair comparisons of different materials and their properties are discussed. Finally, future directions and further research opportunities for developing tough bioadhesive surgical sealants are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Montazerian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Elham Davoodi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing Lab, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Avijit Baidya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Maryam Badv
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Arash Dalili
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Abbas S Milani
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 3E6, Canada
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
| | - Paul S Weiss
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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24
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Chen WT, Zeng L, Li P, Liu Y, Huang JL, Guo H, Rao P, Li WH. Convenient hydrogel adhesion with crystalline zones. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Park JM, Lim S, Sun JY. Materials development in stretchable iontronics. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6487-6510. [PMID: 36000330 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable iontronics have recently been developed as an ideal interface to promote the interaction between humans and devices. Since the materials that use ions as charge carriers are typically transparent and stretchable, they have been used to fabricate devices with diverse functions with intrinsic transparency and stretchability. With the development of device design, material design has also been investigated to mitigate the issues associated with ionic materials, such as their weak mechanical properties, poor electrical properties, or poor environmental stabilities. In this review, we describe the recent progress on the design of materials in stretchable iontronics. By classifying stretchable ionic materials into three types of components (ionic conductors, ionic semiconductors, and ionic insulators), the issues each component has and the strategies to solve them are introduced, specifically in terms of molecular interactions. We then discuss the existing hurdles and challenges to be handled and shine light on the possibilities and opportunities from the insight of molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Man Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungsoo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Yun Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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26
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Phase-locked constructing dynamic supramolecular ionic conductive elastomers with superior toughness, autonomous self-healing and recyclability. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4868. [PMID: 35982044 PMCID: PMC9388535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32517-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stretchable ionic conductors are considerable to be the most attractive candidate for next-generation flexible ionotronic devices. Nevertheless, high ionic conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, good self-healing capacity and recyclability are necessary but can be rarely satisfied in one material. Herein, we propose an ionic conductor design, dynamic supramolecular ionic conductive elastomers (DSICE), via phase-locked strategy, wherein locking soft phase polyether backbone conducts lithium-ion (Li+) transport and the combination of dynamic disulfide metathesis and stronger supramolecular quadruple hydrogen bonds in the hard domains contributes to the self-healing capacity and mechanical versatility. The dual-phase design performs its own functions and the conflict among ionic conductivity, self-healing capability, and mechanical compatibility can be thus defeated. The well-designed DSICE exhibits high ionic conductivity (3.77 × 10−3 S m−1 at 30 °C), high transparency (92.3%), superior stretchability (2615.17% elongation), strength (27.83 MPa) and toughness (164.36 MJ m−3), excellent self-healing capability (~99% at room temperature) and favorable recyclability. This work provides an interesting strategy for designing the advanced ionic conductors and offers promise for flexible ionotronic devices or solid-state batteries. Stretchable ionic conductors are attractive candidates for flexible ionotronics but combining high conductivity with excellent mechanical properties is challenging. Herein, the authors combine these properties in a dynamic supramolecular ionic conductive elastomer enabling lithium-ion transport in the soft phase and dynamic disulfide and supramolecular hydrogen bonding in the hard segments.
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27
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Wang L, Liu S, Cheng J, Peng Y, Meng F, Wu Z, Chen H. Poly( N, N-dimethyl)acrylamide-based ion-conductive gel with transparency, self-adhesion and rapid self-healing properties for human motion detection. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6115-6123. [PMID: 35943040 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors have been extensively studied for their potential value in monitoring human activity and health. However, it is still challenging to develop multifunctional flexible strain sensors with simultaneously high transparency, strong self-adhesion, fast self-healing and excellent tensile properties. In this study, we used N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) in the imidazolium-based ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide ([BMIM][Tf2N]) for "one-step" UV irradiation. A poly(N,N-dimethyl)acrylamide (PDMA) ion-conductive gel was prepared by site polymerization. Based on the good compatibility between PDMA and ionic liquid, the prepared ion-conductive gel has good transparency (∼90%), excellent stretchability (1080%), strong self-adhesion (67.57 kPa), fast self-healing (2 s at room temperature) and great antibacterial activity (∼99% bacterial killing efficiency). Moreover, the strain sensor based on the PDMA ion-conductive gel has good electromechanical performance and can detect different human motions. Based on the simple and easy-to-operate preparation method and the endowed multifunctionality of the PDMA ion-conductive gel, it has broad application prospects in the field of flexible electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Shengjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jingjing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Fangfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymeric Materials Design and Synthesis for Biomedical Function, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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28
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Wu Y, Jiang W, Zhang X, Wang J, Chen D, Ma Y, Yang W. Highly conductive, Transparent, Adhesive and Self-healable Ionogel Based on a Deep Eutectic Solvent with Widely Adjustable Mechanical Strength. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200480. [PMID: 35946394 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ionogels have attracted intensive attentions as promising flexible conductive materials. However, simultaneous integration of excellent mechanical properties, high conductivity, outstanding self-healing ability and strong adhesiveness is still challenging. Here, an ingenious composition design is proposed to address this long-standing challenge of ionogels. High-performance PEI/PAA/CMC ionogels, consisted of a loosely cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) network, dynamically cross-linked network based on polycationic polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyanionic PAA, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) reinforcing filler, are formed in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of choline chloride and urea. Benefiting from the loose PAA network and dynamic noncovalent interactions, ionogels with both highly enhanced mechanical robustness and excellent conductivity are obtained at high loading of DES, overcoming the strength-ductility/conductivity trade-off dilemma. By adjusting PEI/PAA mass ratio, the tensile strength and strain of PEI/PAA/CMC ionogels are effectively controlled in a wide range of 0.15-7.9 MPa and 232-1161%, respectively, while maintaining the desirable conductivity of ∼10-4 S cm-1 . Besides, healed tensile strength over 2.1 MPa and adhesion strength up to 0.2 MPa are achieved for the PEI0.06 /PAA0.25 /CMC0.01 ionogel. The delicate design strategy provides a feasible approach to prepare ionogels with outstanding comprehensive performance, which have potential for applications in flexible electronics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenxing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xianhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiadong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuhong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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29
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Zhang Q, Wang W, Cai C, Wu S, Li J, Li F, Dong S. Underwater luminescent labeling materials constructed from a supramolecular approach. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1984-1991. [PMID: 35604069 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00211f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Underwater labeling under complicated conditions is challenging for modern adhesive materials. In this work, a series of supramolecular polymer adhesives were successfully prepared via the non-covalent copolymerization of low-molecular-weight monomers (thioctic acid (TA) and tetraphenylethene derivatives (TPEs)). Strong adhesion effects were observed under various conditions. The poly(TA-TPE)s showed long-term stability in underwater labeling. Due to the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior of TPEs, poly(TA-TPE)s showed great potential as fluorescent labeling materials in water. Complicated and cryptographic information can be stored in labeling structures, and analyzed under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Supramolecular labeling showed excellent distinguishability in complex backgrounds. Meanwhile, fluorescent adhesives exhibited a number of advantages over visible colored labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Wenbo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Changyong Cai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Shuanggen Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Jialing Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Fenfang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Shengyi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, P. R. China.
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30
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Liu Y, Wang C, Xue J, Huang G, Zheng S, Zhao K, Huang J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yin T, Li Z. Body Temperature Enhanced Adhesive, Antibacterial and Recyclable Ionic Hydrogel for Epidermal Electrophysiological Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200653. [PMID: 35668708 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based epidermal electrodes have attracted widespread attention in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces for their good biocompatibility, skin-matched Young's modulus, and stable in situ electrophysiological recording performance. However, it is difficult to make the exact conformal attachment between skin and electrodes because of the hair, wrinkles as well as complex, curved contours of the skin. This also results in signal distortion and large noise. Here, a body temperature enhanced skin-adhesive epidermal electrode is proposed based on non-covalent cross-linked network ionic hydrogel. The ionic hydrogel is fabricated by the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), branched polyethyleneimine (b-PEI) and calcium chloride (CaCl2 ), which demonstrates impressive performances including ultra-stretchability of 1291%, great adhesion to skin and other non-biological materials, stable conductivity of 3.09 S/m, recyclability and outstanding antibacterial ability, simultaneously. Specifically, the adhesion of the ionic hydrogel behaves as temperature-sensitive and could be enhanced by body temperature. Furthermore, the ionic hydrogel is utilized as epidermal electrodes, which displays seductive capability to record multifarious electrophysiological signals with high signal-to-noise ratio and ultra-low detection limit, including electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG). The as-proposed body temperature enhanced skin-adhesive ionic hydrogel brings intelligent functions and broadens the way for epidermal electronics, promoting the development of healthcare electronics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Y. Liu, C. Wang, X.J. Tao, J. Huang, Y. Q. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.,Y. Liu, C. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Y. Liu, C. Wang, X.J. Tao, J. Huang, Y. Q. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.,Y. Liu, C. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangtao Xue
- J. T. Xue, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guanhua Huang
- G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,G. H. Huang, S. Zheng, Prof. K. Zhao, Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Y. Liu, C. Wang, X.J. Tao, J. Huang, Y. Q. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.,J. Huang, Prof. Z. Li, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yiqian Wang
- Y. Liu, C. Wang, X.J. Tao, J. Huang, Y. Q. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.,Y.Q. Wang, College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Y. Zhang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- T. L. Yin, Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Y. Liu, C. Wang, X.J. Tao, J. Huang, Y. Q. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China.,Y. Liu, C. Wang, Prof. Z. Li, School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,J. Huang, Prof. Z. Li, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.,Prof. Z. Li, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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31
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Wang X, Chen G, Tian J, Wan X. Chitin/Ca solvent-based conductive and stretchable organohydrogel with anti-freezing and anti-drying. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:484-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Deng X, Tang J, Guan W, Jiang W, Zhang M, Liu Y, Chen HL, Chen CL, Li Y, Liu K, Fang Y. Strong Dynamic Interfacial Adhesion by Polymeric Ionic Liquids under Extreme Conditions. ACS NANO 2022; 16:5303-5315. [PMID: 35302732 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial adhesion under extreme conditions has attracted increasing attention owing to its potential application of stopping leakages of oil or natural gas. However, interfacial adhesion is rarely stable at ultralow temperatures and in organic solvents, necessitating the elucidation of the molecular-level processes. Herein, we used the intermolecular force-control strategy to prepare four linear polymers by tuning the proportion of hydrogen bonding and the number of electrostatic sites. The obtained polymeric ion liquids displayed strong dynamic adhesion at various interfaces. They also efficiently tolerated organic solvents and ultracold temperatures. Highly reversible rheological behaviors are observed within a thermal cycle between high and ultracold temperatures. Temperature-dependent infrared spectra and theoretical calculation reveal thermal reversibility and interfacial adhesion/debonding processes at the molecular level, respectively. This intermolecular force-control strategy may be applied to produce environmentally adaptive functional materials for real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinling Deng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Wang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Wenhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Yongkang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Hsin-Lang Chen
- De Ming Tong Information Ltd., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, PR China
| | - Cheng-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, PR China
| | - Yuangang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
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33
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Hao S, Li T, Yang X, Song H. Ultrastretchable, Adhesive, Fast Self-Healable, and Three-Dimensional Printable Photoluminescent Ionic Skin Based on Hybrid Network Ionogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:2029-2037. [PMID: 34958556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing multifunctional stretchable ionic skin (I-Skin) to mimic the sensations of the human skin is of great interest and shows promising potential in wearable sensors and human-machine interfaces (HMIs). However, common ionogels prepared with small-molecule cross-linkers and single networks can hardly satisfy the requirements of adjustable mechanical properties, strong adhesion, fast self-healability, and good stability in extreme environments. Herein, an ultrastretchable (>10,000%), ultrastrong adhesive (>6.8 MPa), ultrafast self-healable (10 s), high thermally stable (-60 to 250 °C), and three-dimensional (3D)-printable photoluminescent ionogel with shape memory properties has been designed. The ionogel consists of hyperbranched polymer covalent-cross-linked poly(zwitterionic ionic liquid)-co-poly(acrylic acid) and multiple dynamic bonding cross-linked networks. The excellent performance of the ionogel-based high-stretchable strain sensor and the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based self-powered touch sensor is further demonstrated over a wide temperature range (-40 to 150 °C). More importantly, ionogel-based I-Skin can work as an HMI for human gesture recognition and real-time wireless control of robots under extreme vacuum conditions and can also self-heal immediately along with function recovery after mechanical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Tianci Li
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Yang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongzan Song
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, P. R. China
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34
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Liang M, Wei D, Yao Z, Ren P, Dai J, Xu L, Zhang T, Zhang Q. Hydrogel Adhesive Formed via Multiple Chemical Interactions: From Persistent Wet Adhesion to Rapid Hemostasis. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1486-1497. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01848e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thus far, robust and durable adhesion capability of hydrogel adhesive in wet environment remains a huge challenge. Here, a chemically-physically double-network cross-linked hydrogel matrix was prepared by first mixing acrylic...
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35
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Xu L, Huang Z, Deng Z, Du Z, Sun TL, Guo ZH, Yue K. A Transparent, Highly Stretchable, Solvent-Resistant, Recyclable Multifunctional Ionogel with Underwater Self-Healing and Adhesion for Reliable Strain Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2105306. [PMID: 34647370 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels have gained increasing attentions as a flexible conductive material. However, it remains a big challenge to integrate multiple functions into one gel that can be widely applied in various complex scenes. Herein, a kind of multifunctional ionogels with a combination of desirable properties, including transparency, high stretchability, solvent and temperature resistance, recyclability, high conductivity, underwater self-healing ability, and underwater adhesiveness is reported. The ionogels are prepared via one-step photoinitiated polymerization of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate and acrylamide in a hydrophobic ionic liquid. The abundant noncovalent interactions including hydrogen bonding and ion-dipole interactions endow the ionogels with excellent mechanical strength, resilience, and rapid self-healing capability at room temperature, while the fluorine-rich polymeric matrix brings in high tolerance against water and various organic solvents, as well as tough underwater adhesion on different substrates. Wearable strain sensors based on the ionogels can sensitively detect and differentiate large body motions, such as bending of limbs, walking and jumping, as well as subtle muscle movements, such as pronunciation and pulse. It is believed that the designed ionogels will show great promises in wearable devices and ionotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Xu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhenkai Huang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhishuang Deng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhukang Du
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tao Lin Sun
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zi-Hao Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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36
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Ni F, Xiao P, Zhang C, Zhou W, Liu D, Kuo SW, Chen T. Atmospheric Hygroscopic Ionogels with Dynamically Stable Cooling Interfaces Enable a Durable Thermoelectric Performance Enhancement. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103937. [PMID: 34647366 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In thermoelectric generator (TEG) systems, heat dissipation from their cold sides is an accessible, low-cost, and effective way to increase the temperature gap for their thermoelectric performance enhancement. Although significant efforts have been dedicated mediated by hygroscopic hydrogel coolers as self-sustained alternatives for effective heat removal, it still remains a challenge for overcoming instabilities in their cooling process. The inevitable mechanical deformation of these conventional hydrogels induced by excessive water desorption may cause a detached cooling interface with the targeted substrates, leading to undesirable cooling failure. Herein, a self-sustained and durable evaporative cooling approach for TEG enabled by atmospheric hygroscopic ionogels (RIGs) with stable interfaces to efficiently improve its thermoelectric performance is proposed. Owing to its superior hygroscopicity, the RIGs can achieve higher heat dissipation for TEG through water evaporation than that of common commercial metal heat sinks. Moreover, its favorable adhesion enables the RIG closely interact with the TEG surface either in static or dynamic conditions for a durable thermoelectric performance enhancement. It is believed that such a self-sustained evaporative cooling strategy based on the RIG will have great implications for the enhancement of TEG's efficiency, demonstrating a great promise in intermittent thermal-energy utilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ni
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Depeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Material and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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37
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Fan H, Gong JP. Bioinspired Underwater Adhesives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102983. [PMID: 34532910 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Underwater adhesives are in high demand in both commercial and industrial sectors. Compared with adhesives used in dry (air) environments, adhesives used for wet or submerged surfaces in aqueous environments have specific challenges in development and performance. In this review, focus is on adhesives demonstrating macroscopic adhesion to wet/underwater substrates. The current strategies are first introduced for different types of underwater adhesives, and then an overview is provided of the development and performance of underwater adhesives based on different mechanisms and strategies. Finally, the possible research directions and prospects of underwater adhesives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Fan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, N21W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
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38
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Wei J, Zheng Y, Chen T. A fully hydrophobic ionogel enables highly efficient wearable underwater sensors and communicators. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2761-2770. [PMID: 34605839 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Underwater sensing has extraordinary significance in ocean exploration (e.g., marine resources development, marine biology research, and marine environment reconnaissance), but the great difference between the marine environment and the land environment seriously prevents current traditional sensors from being applied in underwater sensing. Herein, we reported a fully hydrophobic ionogel with long-term underwater adhesion and stability as a highly efficient wearable underwater sensor that displays an excellent sensing performance, including high sensitivity, rapid responsiveness and superior durability. Of greater significance, the ionogel sensor showed tremendous potential in underwater sensing applications for communication, posture monitoring and marine biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yinfei Zheng
- Research Center for Intelligent Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, No. 1818 West Wenyi Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 311100, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education Ministry of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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39
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Gu S, Liu J, Zheng J, Wang H, Wu J. Robust Antiwater and Anti-oil-fouling Double-Sided Tape Enabled by SiO 2 Reinforcement and a Liquefied Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43404-43413. [PMID: 34478274 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Realizing simultaneous antiwater and anti-oil-fouling adhesion is extremely challenging owing to the solvated overlayer on the surface of substrates. Herein, we develop a supertough polyacrylate-based tape bearing SiO2 as a reinforcing filler and a solvent to liquefy the surface. The SiO2 reinforcement enhances the cohesion strength, while the liquefied surface not only expels the solvated overlayer but also improves the interfacial wettability and interaction. This material design imparts the double-sided tape with admirable antiwater and anti-oil-fouling adhesion performance, which far exceeds that of commercial tapes, as well as high transparency and long-term stability. In addition, we carry out an in-depth study on the adhesive mechanism for the tape and clarify the role of the solvent and the interaction between SiO2 and a polymer matrix. This work provides a novel strategy for designing antiwater and anti-oil-fouling adhesives with wide applications in various fields such as leakage repair, antiseep, underwater adhesion, building materials, and biological adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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40
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Wang K, Wang H, Li J, Liang Y, Xie XQ, Liu J, Gu C, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Liu CS. Super-stretchable and extreme temperature-tolerant supramolecular-polymer double-network eutectogels with ultrafast in situ adhesion and flexible electrochromic behaviour. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2520-2532. [PMID: 34870306 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00725d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current tough and stretchable gels with various integrated functions are mainly based on polymer hydrogels. By introducing a non-covalent supramolecular self-assembled network into a covalently cross-linked polymer network in the presence of eco-friendly and cost-effective deep eutectic solvents (DESs), we developed a new small molecule-based supramolecular-polymer double-network (SP-DN) eutectogel platform. This exciting material exhibits high stretchability and toughness (>18 000% areal strain), spontaneous self-healing ability, ultrafast (∼5 s) in situ underwater and low-temperature (-80 °C) adhesion, and unusual boiling water-resistance, as well as strong base-, strong acid- (even aqua regia), ultra-low-temperature- (liquid nitrogen, -196 °C), and high-temperature- (200 °C) resistance. All these outstanding properties strongly recommend the SP-DN eutectogels as a quasi-solid electrolyte for soft electrochromic devices, which exhibited exceptional flexibility and consistent electrochromic behaviours in harsh mechanical or temperature environments. The experimental and simulation results uncovered the assembly mechanism of the SP-DN eutectogels. Unlike polymer hydrogels, the obtained SP-DN eutectogels showed high molecular design freedom and structural versatility. The findings of this work offer a promising strategy for developing the next generation of mechanically robust and functionally integrated soft materials with high environmental adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifang Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Hai Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yujia Liang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiao Xie
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Junpeng Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Chaonan Gu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Guo Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Chun-Sen Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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