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Li J, Guan R, Wuethrich A, Yan M, Cheng J, Liu G, Zhan J, Trau M, Sun Y. High Accuracy of Clinical Verification of Electrohydrodynamic-Driven Nanobox-on-Mirror Platform for Molecular Identification of Respiratory Viruses. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4495-4504. [PMID: 38445954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The molecular detection of multiple respiratory viruses provides evidence for the rational use of drugs and effective health management. Herein, we developed and tested the clinical performance of an electrohydrodynamic-driven nanobox-on-mirror platform (E-NoM) for the parallel, accurate, and sensitive detection of four respiratory viral antigens. The E-NoM platform uses gold-silver alloy nanoboxes as the core material with the deposition of a silver layer as a shell on the core surfaces to amplify and enable a reproducible Raman signal readout that facilitates accurate detection. Additionally, the E-NoM platform employs gold microelectrode arrays as the mirror with electrohydrodynamics to manipulate the fluid flow and enhance molecular interactions for an improved biosensing response. The presence of viral antigens binds the nanobox-based core-shell nanostructure on the gold microelectrode and creates the nanocavity with extremely strong "hot spots" to benefit sensitive analysis. Significantly, in a large clinical cohort with 227 patients, the designed E-NoM platform demonstrates the capability of screening respiratory infection with achieved clinical specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of 100.0, 96.48, and 96.91%, respectively. It is anticipated that the E-NoM platform can find a position in clinical usage for respiratory disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mingzhe Yan
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Zhan
- Institute of Health Inspection and Testing Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yao Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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Cutshaw G, Uthaman S, Hassan N, Kothadiya S, Wen X, Bardhan R. The Emerging Role of Raman Spectroscopy as an Omics Approach for Metabolic Profiling and Biomarker Detection toward Precision Medicine. Chem Rev 2023; 123:8297-8346. [PMID: 37318957 PMCID: PMC10626597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Omics technologies have rapidly evolved with the unprecedented potential to shape precision medicine. Novel omics approaches are imperative toallow rapid and accurate data collection and integration with clinical information and enable a new era of healthcare. In this comprehensive review, we highlight the utility of Raman spectroscopy (RS) as an emerging omics technology for clinically relevant applications using clinically significant samples and models. We discuss the use of RS both as a label-free approach for probing the intrinsic metabolites of biological materials, and as a labeled approach where signal from Raman reporters conjugated to nanoparticles (NPs) serve as an indirect measure for tracking protein biomarkers in vivo and for high throughout proteomics. We summarize the use of machine learning algorithms for processing RS data to allow accurate detection and evaluation of treatment response specifically focusing on cancer, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight the integration of RS with established omics approaches for holistic diagnostic information. Further, we elaborate on metal-free NPs that leverage the biological Raman-silent region overcoming the challenges of traditional metal NPs. We conclude the review with an outlook on future directions that will ultimately allow the adaptation of RS as a clinical approach and revolutionize precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cutshaw
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Nora Hassan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Siddhant Kothadiya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
| | - Xiaona Wen
- Biologics Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
| | - Rizia Bardhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50012, USA
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Geka G, Kanioura A, Likodimos V, Gardelis S, Papanikolaou N, Kakabakos S, Petrou P. SERS Immunosensors for Cancer Markers Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3733. [PMID: 37241360 PMCID: PMC10221005 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and monitoring are essential for the effective treatment and survival of patients with different types of malignancy. To this end, the accurate and sensitive determination of substances in human biological fluids related to cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis, i.e., cancer biomarkers, is of ultimate importance. Advancements in the field of immunodetection and nanomaterials have enabled the application of new transduction approaches for the sensitive detection of single or multiple cancer biomarkers in biological fluids. Immunosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are examples where the special properties of nanostructured materials and immunoreagents are combined to develop analytical tools that hold promise for point-of-care applications. In this frame, the subject of this review article is to present the advancements made so far regarding the immunochemical determination of cancer biomarkers by SERS. Thus, after a short introduction about the principles of both immunoassays and SERS, an extended presentation of up-to-date works regarding both single and multi-analyte determination of cancer biomarkers is presented. Finally, future perspectives on the field of SERS immunosensors for cancer markers detection are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Geka
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Anastasia Kanioura
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Vlassis Likodimos
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Spiros Gardelis
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Papanikolaou
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece;
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
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Meza Ramirez CA, Greenop M, Almoshawah YA, Martin Hirsch PL, Rehman IU. Advancing cervical cancer diagnosis and screening with spectroscopy and machine learning. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:375-390. [PMID: 37060617 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2203816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the UK alone, the incidence of cervical cancer is increasing, hence an urgent need for early and rapid detection of cancer before it develops. Spectroscopy in conjunction with machine learning offers a disruptive technology that promises to be pick up cancer early as compared to the current diagnostic techniques used. AREAS COVERED This review article explores the different spectroscopy techniques that have been used for the analysis of cervical cancer. Along with the extensive description of spectroscopic techniques, the various machine learning techniques are also described as well as the applications that have been explored in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. This review delimits the literature specifically associated with cervical cancer studies performed solely with the use of a spectroscopy technique, and machine learning. EXPERT OPINION Although there are several methods and techniques to detect cervical cancer, the clinical sector requires to introduce new diagnostic technologies that help improving the quality of life of patient. These innovative technologies involve spectroscopy as a qualitative method and machine learning as a quantitative method. In this article, both the techniques and methodologies that allow and promise to be a new screening tool for the detection of cervical cancer is covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Meza Ramirez
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Michael Greenop
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Yasser A Almoshawah
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Lancaster University, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Shaqra University, Dawadmi 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre L Martin Hirsch
- Gynaecological Oncology, Clinical Research Facility, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals, Sharoe Green Lane, Preston PR2 9HT, UK
| | - Ihtesham U Rehman
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire PR1 2HE, UK
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Raman Spectroscopy for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer, a Global Women’s Health Issue—A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062502. [PMID: 36985474 PMCID: PMC10056388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on recent advances and future perspectives in the use of Raman spectroscopy for cervical cancer, a global women’s health issue. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common women’s cancer in the world, and unfortunately mainly affects younger women. However, when detected at the early precancer stage, it is highly treatable. High-quality cervical screening programmes and the introduction of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine are reducing the incidence of cervical cancer in many countries, but screening is still essential for all women. Current gold standard methods include HPV testing and cytology for screening, followed by colposcopy and histopathology for diagnosis. However, these methods are limited in terms of sensitivity/specificity, cost, and time. New methods are required to aid clinicians in the early detection of cervical precancer. Over the past 20 years, the potential of Raman spectroscopy together with multivariate statistical analysis has been shown for the detection of cervical cancer. This review discusses the research to date on Raman spectroscopic approaches for cervical cancer using exfoliated cells, biofluid samples, and tissue ex vivo and in vivo.
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Pollap A, Świt P. Recent Advances in Sandwich SERS Immunosensors for Cancer Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094740. [PMID: 35563131 PMCID: PMC9105793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the most prevalent diseases around the world for many years. Its biomarkers are biological molecules found in the blood or other body fluids of people with cancer diseases. These biomarkers play a crucial role not only in the diagnosis of cancer diseases, but also in risk assessment, selection of treatment methods, and tracking its progress. Therefore, highly sensitive and selective detection and determination of cancer biomarkers are essential from the perspective of oncological diagnostics and planning the treatment process. Immunosensors are special types of biosensors that are based on the recognition of an analyte (antigen) by an antibody. Sandwich immunosensors apply two antibodies: a capture antibody and a detection antibody, with the antigen ‘sandwiched’ between them. Immunosensors’ advantages include not only high sensitivity and selectivity, but also flexible application and reusability. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, known also as the sensitive and selective method, uses the enhancement of light scattering by analyte molecules adsorbed on a nanostructured surface. The combination of immunosensors with the SERS technique further improves their analytical parameters. In this article, we followed the recent achievements in the field of sandwich SERS immunosensors for cancer biomarker detection and/or determination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paweł Świt
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Traynor D, Duraipandian S, Bhatia R, Cuschieri K, Tewari P, Kearney P, D’Arcy T, O’Leary JJ, Martin CM, Lyng FM. Development and Validation of a Raman Spectroscopic Classification Model for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1836. [PMID: 35406608 PMCID: PMC8997379 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mortality associated with cervical cancer can be reduced if detected at the precancer stage, but current methods are limited in terms of subjectivity, cost and time. Optical spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy can provide a rapid, label-free and nondestructive measurement of the biochemical fingerprint of a cell, tissue or biofluid. Previous studies have shown the potential of Raman spectroscopy for cervical cancer diagnosis, but most were pilot studies with small sample sizes. The aim of this study is to show the clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy for identifying cervical precancer in a large sample set with validation in an independent test set. Liquid-based cervical cytology samples (n = 662) (326 negative, 200 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1 and 136 CIN2+) were obtained as a training set. Raman spectra were recorded from single-cell nuclei and subjected to a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). In addition, the PLSDA classification model was validated using a blinded independent test set (n = 69). A classification accuracy of 91.3% was achieved with only six of the blinded samples misclassified. This study showed the potential clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy with a good classification of negative, CIN1 and CIN2+ achieved in an independent test set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Traynor
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
- School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 XT95 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shiyamala Duraipandian
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Ramya Bhatia
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NHS Lothian, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 5SA, UK; (R.B.); (K.C.)
- HPV Research Group, Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NHS Lothian, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 5SA, UK; (R.B.); (K.C.)
- HPV Research Group, Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Prerna Tewari
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraig Kearney
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom D’Arcy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara M. Martin
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona M. Lyng
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
- School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 XT95 Dublin, Ireland
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