1
|
Coward-Smith M, Liong S, Oseghale O, Erlich JR, Miles MA, Liong F, Brassington K, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, Brooks RD, Brooks DA, O’Leary JJ, Selemidis S. Low dose aspirin prevents endothelial dysfunction in the aorta and foetal loss in pregnant mice infected with influenza A virus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378610. [PMID: 38638436 PMCID: PMC11024306 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection in pregnancy resembles a preeclamptic phenotype characterised by vascular dysfunction and foetal growth retardation. Given that low dose aspirin (ASA) is safe in pregnancy and is used to prevent preeclampsia, we investigated whether ASA or NO-conjugated aspirin, NCX4016, resolve vascular inflammation and function to improve offspring outcomes following IAV infection in pregnant mice. Pregnant mice were intranasally infected with a mouse adapted IAV strain (Hkx31; 104 plaque forming units) and received daily treatments with either 200µg/kg ASA or NCX4016 via oral gavage. Mice were then culled and the maternal lungs and aortas collected for qPCR analysis, and wire myography was performed on aortic rings to assess endothelial and vascular smooth muscle functionality. Pup and placentas were weighed and pup growth rates and survival assessed. IAV infected mice had an impaired endothelial dependent relaxation response to ACh in the aorta, which was prevented by ASA and NCX4016 treatment. ASA and NCX4016 treatment prevented IAV dissemination and inflammation of the aorta as well as improving the pup placental ratios in utero, survival and growth rates at post-natal day 5. Low dose ASA is safe to use during pregnancy for preeclampsia and this study demonstrates that ASA may prove a promising treatment for averting the significant vascular complications associated with influenza infection during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison Coward-Smith
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stella Liong
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Osezua Oseghale
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan R. Erlich
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark A. Miles
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kurt Brassington
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert D. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Doug A. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Research Laboratory and the Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Techology (RMIT) University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kelly TE, Spillane CL, Ward MP, Hokamp K, Huang Y, Tewari P, Martin CM, Norris LA, Mohamed BM, Bates M, Brooks R, Selemidis S, Brooks DA, Kamran W, Saadeh FA, O’Toole SA, O’Leary JJ. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 is associated with high-grade serous ovarian cancer metastasis and is reduced in patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1150991. [PMID: 38143926 PMCID: PMC10740207 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1150991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most prevalent and deadliest subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), killing over 140,000 people annually. Morbidity and mortality are compounded by a lack of screening methods, and recurrence is common. Plasminogen-activator-inhibitor 1 (PAI-1, the protein product of SERPIN E1) is involved in hemostasis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and tumor cell migration and invasion. Overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in EOC. Platelets significantly increase PAI-1 in cancer cells in vitro, and may contribute to the hematogenous metastasis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). CTCs are viable tumor cells that intravasate and travel through the circulation-often aided by platelets - with the potential to form secondary metastases. Here, we provide evidence that PAI-1 is central to the platelet-cancer cell interactome, and plays a role in the metastatic cascade. Methods: SK-OV-3 cells where PAI-1 had been silenced, treated with healthy donor platelets, and treated with platelet-conditioned medium were used as an in vitro model of metastatic EOC. Gene expression analysis was performed using RNA-Seq data from untreated cells and cells treated with PAI-1 siRNA or negative control, each with and without platelets. Four cohorts of banked patient plasma samples (n = 239) were assayed for PAI-1 by ELISA. Treatment-naïve (TN) whole blood (WB) samples were evaluated for CTCs in conjunction with PAI-1 evaluation in matched plasma. Results and discussion: Significant phenotypic changes occurring when PAI-1 was silenced and when platelets were added to cells were reflected by RNA-seq data, with PAI-1 observed to be central to molecular mechanisms of EOC metastasis. Increased proliferation was observed in cells treated with platelets. Plasma PAI-1 significantly correlated with advanced disease in a TN cohort, and was significantly reduced in a neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) cohort. PAI-1 demonstrated a trend towards significance in overall survival (OS) in the late-stage TN cohort, and correlation between PAI-1 and neutrophils in this cohort was significant. 72.7% (16/22) of TN patients with plasma PAI-1 levels higher than OS cutoff were CTC-positive. These data support a central role for PAI-1 in EOC metastasis, and highlight PAI-1's potential as a biomarker, prognostic indicator, or gauge of treatment response in HGSOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanya E. Kelly
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cathy L. Spillane
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karsten Hokamp
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yanmei Huang
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Prerna Tewari
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara M. Martin
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lucy A. Norris
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bashir M. Mohamed
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Bates
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Brooks
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, STEM College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Douglas A. Brooks
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Waseem Kamran
- Division of Gynaegological Oncology, St. James’ Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Feras Abu Saadeh
- Division of Gynaegological Oncology, St. James’ Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lam GT, Martini C, Brooks T, Prabhakaran S, Hopkins AM, Ung BSY, Tang J, Caruso MC, Brooks RD, Johnson IRD, Sorvina A, Hickey SM, Karageorgos L, Klebe S, O’Leary JJ, Brooks DA, Logan JM. Insights into Melanoma Clinical Practice: A Perspective for Future Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4631. [PMID: 37760601 PMCID: PMC10526186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis is the key to improving outcomes for patients with melanoma, and this requires a standardized histological assessment approach. The objective of this survey was to understand the challenges faced by clinicians when assessing melanoma cases, and to provide a perspective for future studies. METHODS Between April 2022 and February 2023, national and international dermatologists, pathologists, general practitioners, and laboratory managers were invited to participate in a six-question online survey. The data from the survey were assessed using descriptive statistics and qualitative responses. RESULTS A total of 54 responses were received, with a 51.4% (n = 28) full completion rate. Of the respondents, 96.4% reported ambiguity in their monthly melanoma diagnosis, and 82.1% routinely requested immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing to confirm diagnosis. SOX10 was the most frequently requested marker, and most respondents preferred multiple markers over a single marker. Diagnostic and prognostic tests, as well as therapeutic options and patient management, were all identified as important areas for future research. CONCLUSIONS The respondents indicated that the use of multiple IHC markers is essential to facilitate diagnostic accuracy in melanoma assessment. Survey responses indicate there is an urgent need to develop new biomarkers for clinical decision making at multiple critical intervention points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giang T. Lam
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Carmela Martini
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Tiffany Brooks
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Aware Women’s Health Private Clinic, Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Sarita Prabhakaran
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Ashley M. Hopkins
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Ben S.-Y. Ung
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Jingying Tang
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Maria C. Caruso
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Robert D. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Ian R. D. Johnson
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alexandra Sorvina
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Shane M. Hickey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Litsa Karageorgos
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Douglas A. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jessica M. Logan
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miles MA, Liong S, Liong F, Coward-Smith M, Trollope GS, Oseghale O, Erlich JR, Brooks RD, Logan JM, Hickey S, Wang H, Bozinovski S, O’Leary JJ, Brooks DA, Selemidis S. TLR7 promotes chronic airway disease in RSV-infected mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1240552. [PMID: 37795093 PMCID: PMC10545951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) commonly infects the upper respiratory tract (URT) of humans, manifesting with mild cold or flu-like symptoms. However, in infants and the elderly, severe disease of the lower respiratory tract (LRT) often occurs and can develop into chronic airway disease. A better understanding of how an acute RSV infection transitions to a LRT chronic inflammatory disease is critically important to improve patient care and long-term health outcomes. To model acute and chronic phases of the disease, we infected wild-type C57BL/6 and toll-like receptor 7 knockout (TLR7 KO) mice with RSV and temporally assessed nasal, airway and lung inflammation for up to 42 days post-infection. We show that TLR7 reduced viral titers in the URT during acute infection but promoted pronounced pathogenic and chronic airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in the LRT. This study defines a hitherto unappreciated molecular mechanism of lower respiratory pathogenesis to RSV, highlighting the potential of TLR7 modulation to constrain RSV pathology to the URT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Miles
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Stella Liong
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Madison Coward-Smith
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Gemma S. Trollope
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Osezua Oseghale
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan R. Erlich
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert D. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jessica M. Logan
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shane Hickey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hao Wang
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Laboratory, Central Pathology Laboratory, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Doug A. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sharkey Ochoa I, O’Regan E, Toner M, Kay E, Faul P, O’Keane C, O’Connor R, Mullen D, Nur M, O’Murchu E, Barry-O’Crowley J, Kernan N, Tewari P, Keegan H, O’Toole S, Woods R, Kennedy S, Feeley K, Sharp L, Gheit T, Tommasino M, O’Leary JJ, Martin CM. The Role of HPV in Determining Treatment, Survival, and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4321. [PMID: 36077856 PMCID: PMC9454666 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been identified as a significant etiological agent in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HPV's involvement has alluded to better survival and prognosis in patients and suggests that different treatment strategies may be appropriate for them. Only some data on the epidemiology of HPV infection in the oropharyngeal, oral cavity, and laryngeal SCC exists in Europe. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate HPV's impact on HNSCC patient outcomes in the Irish population, one of the largest studies of its kind using consistent HPV testing techniques. A total of 861 primary oropharyngeal, oral cavity, and laryngeal SCC (OPSCC, OSCC, LSCC) cases diagnosed between 1994 and 2013, identified through the National Cancer Registry of Ireland (NCRI), were obtained from hospitals across Ireland and tested for HPV DNA using Multiplex PCR Luminex technology based in and sanctioned by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Both overall and cancer-specific survival were significantly improved amongst all HPV-positive patients together, though HPV status was only a significant predictor of survival in the oropharynx. Amongst HPV-positive patients in the oropharynx, surgery alone was associated with prolonged survival, alluding to the potential for de-escalation of treatment in HPV-related OPSCC in particular. Cumulatively, these findings highlight the need for continued investigation into treatment pathways for HPV-related OPSCC, the relevance of introducing boys into national HPV vaccination programs, and the relevance of the nona-valent Gardasil-9 vaccine to HNSCC prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imogen Sharkey Ochoa
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Esther O’Regan
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Toner
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine Kay
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont University Hospital, D09 V2N0 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter Faul
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Limerick, V94 F858 Limerick, Ireland
| | - Connor O’Keane
- Department of Pathology, Mater University Hospital, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin O’Connor
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dorinda Mullen
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mataz Nur
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon O’Murchu
- National Cancer Registry of Ireland, T12 CDF7 Cork, Ireland
| | - Jacqui Barry-O’Crowley
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Kernan
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Prerna Tewari
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Keegan
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon O’Toole
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robbie Woods
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Susan Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kenneth Feeley
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Kerry, V92 NX94 Tralee, Ireland
| | - Linda Sharp
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Laboratory, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - John J. O’Leary
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara M. Martin
- TCD CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
- Discipline of Histopathology, St. James’ University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oseghale O, Liong S, Coward-Smith M, To EE, Erlich JR, Luong R, Liong F, Miles M, Norouzi S, Martin C, O’Toole S, Brooks RD, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, O’Leary JJ, Brooks DA, Selemidis S. Influenza A virus elicits peri-vascular adipose tissue inflammation and vascular dysfunction of the aorta in pregnant mice. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010703. [PMID: 35930608 PMCID: PMC9385053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection during pregnancy initiates significant aortic endothelial and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction, with inflammation and T cell activation, but the details of the mechanism are yet to be clearly defined. Here we demonstrate that IAV disseminates preferentially into the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) of the aorta in mice. IAV mRNA levels in the PVAT increased at 1–3 days post infection (d.p.i) with the levels being ~4–8 fold higher compared with the vessel wall. IAV infection also increased Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes and Ly6Chigh pro-inflammatory monocytes in the vessel wall at 3 d.p.i., which was then followed by a greater homing of these monocytes into the PVAT at 6 d.p.i. The vascular immune phenotype was characteristic of a “vascular storm”- like response, with increases in neutrophils, pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers in the PVAT and arterial wall, which was associated with an impairment in endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine. IAV also triggered a PVAT compartmentalised elevation in CD4+ and CD8+ activated T cells. In conclusion, the PVAT of the aorta is a niche that supports IAV dissemination and a site for perpetuating a profound innate inflammatory and adaptive T cell response. The manifestation of this inflammatory response in the PVAT following IAV infection may be central to the genesis of cardiovascular complications arising during pregnancy. Influenza A virus (IAV) infection remains a major cause of significant disease during pregnancy. IAV infection in pregnancy results in virus dissemination from the lung to the systemic vasculature, thereby initiating profound vascular inflammation and T cell activation that leads to vascular damage. Currently, the details of the mechanism that facilitates this vascular pathology and the influence of IAV dissemination to the vasculature on the perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is not clearly defined. Here, we show that IAV disseminates to the PVAT compartment of the vessel at a much larger rate than the vessel wall. We found that IAV infection increased PVAT inflammation characterised by immune cell infiltration, oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This was accompanied by a preferential immune T cell activation in the PVAT. We also found that this vascular inflammatory burden results in vascular endothelial dysfunction that is characterised by an impairment in endothelium dependent relaxation. Our study provides new insights into how IAV utilises the PVAT to promote the vascular inflammatory pathology that disrupts the vasculature in pregnancy and lead to pregnancy complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osezua Oseghale
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Disease, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stella Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (SL); (SS)
| | - Madison Coward-Smith
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eunice E. To
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan R. Erlich
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raymond Luong
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Miles
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shaghayegh Norouzi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cara Martin
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Laboratory, Central Pathology Laboratory, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Research Laboratory, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- CERVIVA research consortium, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sharon O’Toole
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Laboratory, Central Pathology Laboratory, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Research Laboratory, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- CERVIVA research consortium, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert D. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Laboratory, Central Pathology Laboratory, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Research Laboratory, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- CERVIVA research consortium, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Doug A. Brooks
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (SL); (SS)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hendricks KS, To EE, Luong R, Liong F, Erlich JR, Shah AM, Liong S, O’Leary JJ, Brooks DA, Vlahos R, Selemidis S. Endothelial NOX4 Oxidase Negatively Regulates Inflammation and Improves Morbidity During Influenza A Virus Lung Infection in Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:883448. [PMID: 35601109 PMCID: PMC9115386 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.883448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosomal NOX2 oxidase-dependent ROS production promotes influenza pathogenicity, but the role of NOX4 oxidase, which is highly expressed in the lung endothelium, is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if endothelial NOX4 expression can influence viral pathology in vivo, using a mouse model of influenza infection. WT and transgenic endothelial NOX4 overexpressing mice (NOX4 TG) were infected intranasally with the Hong Kong H3N2 X-31 influenza A virus (104 PFU; HK x-31) or PBS control. Mice were culled at either 3 or 7 days post-infection to analyse: airway inflammation by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell counts; NOX4, as well as inflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression by QPCR; and ROS production by an L-012-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. Influenza A virus infection of WT mice resulted in a significant reduction in lung NOX4 mRNA at day 3, which persisted until day 7, when compared to uninfected mice. Influenza A virus infection of NOX4 TG mice resulted in significantly less weight loss than that of WT mice at 3-days post infection. Viral titres were decreased in infected NOX4 TG mice compared to the infected WT mice, at both 3- and 7-days post infection and there was significantly less lung alveolitis, peri-bronchial inflammation and neutrophil infiltration. The oxidative burst from BALF inflammatory cells extracted from infected NOX4 TG mice was significantly less than that in the WT mice. Expression of macrophage and neutrophil chemoattractants CXCL10, CCL3, CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the lung tissue were significantly lower in NOX4 TG mice compared to the WT mice at 3-days post infection. We conclude that endothelial NOX4 oxidase is protective against influenza morbidity and is a potential target for limiting influenza A virus-induced lung inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keshia S. Hendricks
- Department of Pharmacology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Eunice E. To
- Department of Pharmacology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Raymond Luong
- Department of Pharmacology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan R. Erlich
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ajay M. Shah
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stella Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Trinity College Dublin, St. James’s Hospital Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Doug A. Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) College, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Traynor D, Duraipandian S, Bhatia R, Cuschieri K, Tewari P, Kearney P, D’Arcy T, O’Leary JJ, Martin CM, Lyng FM. Development and Validation of a Raman Spectroscopic Classification Model for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071836. [PMID: 35406608 PMCID: PMC8997379 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is an unmet clinical need for new methods to aid clinicians in the early detection of cervical cancer and precancer. Spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy can provide a rapid, label-free and nondestructive measurement of the biochemical fingerprint of cells, tissues and biofluids. This study aims to demonstrate the clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy for the identification of cervical precancer. Raman spectra were recorded from cervical smear samples (n = 662) and a classifier was developed based on histology. A classification accuracy of 91.3% was achieved in an independent blinded test set (n = 69), demonstrating the potential clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy. Abstract The mortality associated with cervical cancer can be reduced if detected at the precancer stage, but current methods are limited in terms of subjectivity, cost and time. Optical spectroscopic methods such as Raman spectroscopy can provide a rapid, label-free and nondestructive measurement of the biochemical fingerprint of a cell, tissue or biofluid. Previous studies have shown the potential of Raman spectroscopy for cervical cancer diagnosis, but most were pilot studies with small sample sizes. The aim of this study is to show the clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy for identifying cervical precancer in a large sample set with validation in an independent test set. Liquid-based cervical cytology samples (n = 662) (326 negative, 200 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)1 and 136 CIN2+) were obtained as a training set. Raman spectra were recorded from single-cell nuclei and subjected to a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA). In addition, the PLSDA classification model was validated using a blinded independent test set (n = 69). A classification accuracy of 91.3% was achieved with only six of the blinded samples misclassified. This study showed the potential clinical utility of Raman spectroscopy with a good classification of negative, CIN1 and CIN2+ achieved in an independent test set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Traynor
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
- School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 XT95 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shiyamala Duraipandian
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Ramya Bhatia
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NHS Lothian, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 5SA, UK; (R.B.); (K.C.)
- HPV Research Group, Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kate Cuschieri
- Scottish HPV Reference Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, NHS Lothian, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 5SA, UK; (R.B.); (K.C.)
- HPV Research Group, Centre for Reproductive Health, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Prerna Tewari
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Padraig Kearney
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom D’Arcy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara M. Martin
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland; (P.T.); (P.K.); (J.J.O.); (C.M.M.)
- CERVIVA Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, D08 XW7X Dublin, Ireland
- The Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona M. Lyng
- Centre for Radiation and Environmental Science, FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, D02 HW71 Dublin, Ireland; (D.T.); (S.D.)
- School of Physics & Clinical & Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 XT95 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
To EE, Erlich JR, Liong F, Liong S, Luong R, Oseghale O, Miles MA, Papagianis PC, Quinn KM, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R, Brooks RD, O’Leary JJ, Brooks DA, Selemidis S. Therapeutic Targeting of Endosome and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Protects Mice From Influenza Virus Morbidity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:870156. [PMID: 35401240 PMCID: PMC8984148 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.870156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop effective therapeutic strategies including immunomodulators to combat influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Influenza A viruses increase ROS production, which suppress anti-viral responses and contribute to pathological inflammation and morbidity. Two major cellular sites of ROS production are endosomes via the NOX2-oxidase enzyme and the electron transport chain in mitochondria. Here we examined the effect of administration of Cgp91ds-TAT, an endosome-targeted NOX2 oxidase inhibitor, in combination with mitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial ROS scavenger and compared it to monotherapy treatment during an established IAV infection. Mice were infected with IAV (Hkx31 strain; 104PFU/mouse) and 24 h post infection were treated with Cgp91ds-TAT (0.2 mg/kg), mitoTEMPO (100 μg) or with a combination of these inhibitors [Cgp91ds-TAT (0.2 mg/kg)/mitoTEMPO (100 μg)] intranasally every day for up to 2 days post infection (pi). Mice were euthanized on Days 3 or 6 post infection for analyses of disease severity. A combination of Cgp91ds-TAT and mitoTEMPO treatment was more effective than the ROS inhibitors alone at reducing airway and neutrophilic inflammation, bodyweight loss, lung oedema and improved the lung pathology with a reduction in alveolitis following IAV infection. Dual ROS inhibition also caused a significant elevation in Type I IFN expression at the early phase of infection (day 3 pi), however, this response was suppressed at the later phase of infection (day 6 pi). Furthermore, combined treatment with Cgp91ds-TAT and mitoTEMPO resulted in an increase in IAV-specific CD8+ T cells in the lungs. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the reduction of ROS production in two major subcellular sites, i.e. endosomes and mitochondria, by intranasal delivery of a combination of Cgp91ds-TAT and mitoTEMPO, suppresses the severity of influenza infection and highlights a novel immunomodulatory approach for IAV disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunice E. To
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- F.M Kirby Neurobiology Centre, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jonathan R. Erlich
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Felicia Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Stella Liong
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Raymond Luong
- Department of Pharmacology, Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Osezua Oseghale
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark A. Miles
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Paris C. Papagianis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Kylie M. Quinn
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert D. Brooks
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Sir Patrick Dun’s Laboratory, Central Pathology Laboratory, Department of Histopathology Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Coombe Women and Infants’ University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Doug A. Brooks
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Coombe Women and Infants’ University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Stavros Selemidis,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pisani D, Calleja-Agius J, Di Fiore R, O’Leary JJ, Beirne JP, O’Toole SA, Felix A, Said-Huntingford I. Epithelioid Trophoblastic Tumour: A Case with Genetic Linkage to a Child Born over Seventeen Years Prior, Successfully Treated with Surgery and Pembrolizumab. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:5346-5355. [PMID: 34940085 PMCID: PMC8700667 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid trophoblastic tumours are rare neoplasms showing differentiation towards the chorion leave-type intermediate cytotrophoblast, with only a handful of cases being reported in the literature. These tumours are slow-growing and are typically confined to the uterus for extended periods of time. While the pathogenesis is unclear, they are thought to arise from a remnant intermediate trophoblast originating from prior normal pregnancies or, less frequently, gestational trophoblastic tumours. A protracted time period between the gestational event and tumour development is typical. This case describes a 49-year-old previously healthy female who presented with a completely asymptomatic uterine mass, discovered incidentally during a routine gynaecological assessment. The pathological analysis of the hysterectomy specimen confirmed an epithelioid trophoblastic tumour, involving the uterus and cervix. This is a rare gynaecological tumour. A comparative short tandem repeat analysis revealed genetic similarities to a previous healthy gestation seventeen years prior. She was successful treated with adjuvant pembrolizumab, with no evidence of disease recurrence to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Pisani
- Department of Histopathology, Mater Dei Hospital, MSD2090 Msida, Malta; (D.P.); (I.S.-H.)
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD2080 Msida, Malta;
- Correspondence:
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD2080 Msida, Malta;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity St. James’s Cancer Institute, St. James Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - James P. Beirne
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St. James Hospital, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Ana Felix
- Department of Pathology, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa, NOVA Medical School, UNL, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Ian Said-Huntingford
- Department of Histopathology, Mater Dei Hospital, MSD2090 Msida, Malta; (D.P.); (I.S.-H.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Drago-Ferrante R, Felix A, O’Toole SA, O’Leary JJ, Ward MP, Beirne J, Yordanov A, Vasileva-Slaveva M, Subbannayya Y, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Calleja-Agius J. LncRNA MORT (ZNF667-AS1) in Cancer-Is There a Possible Role in Gynecological Malignancies? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157829. [PMID: 34360598 PMCID: PMC8346052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers (GCs) are currently among the major threats to female health. Moreover, there are different histologic subtypes of these cancers, which are defined as ‘rare’ due to an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. The majority of these tend to be associated with a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in the normal development of organisms as well as in tumorigenesis. LncRNAs can be classified into tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, depending on their function within the cellular context and the signaling pathways in which they are involved. These regulatory RNAs are potential therapeutic targets for cancer due to their tissue and tumor specificity. However, there still needs to be a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of numerous biological functions in humans, both in normal health and disease. The lncRNA Mortal Obligate RNA Transcript (MORT; alias ZNF667-AS1) has been identified as a tumor-related lncRNA. ZNF667-AS1 gene, located in the human chromosome region 19q13.43, has been shown to be silenced by DNA hypermethylation in several cancers. In this review, we report on the biological functions of ZNF667-AS1 from recent studies and describe the regulatory functions of ZNF667-AS1 in human disease, including cancer. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging insights into the potential role of ZNF667-AS1 as a biomarker and novel therapeutic target in cancer, including GCs (ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.)
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | | | - Ana Felix
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa, NOVA Medical School, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 HD53 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - James Beirne
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 X4RX Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | | | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Felix A, O’Toole SA, O’Leary JJ, Ward MP, Beirne J, Sabol M, Ozretić P, Yordanov A, Vasileva-Slaveva M, Kostov S, Nikolova M, Said-Huntingford I, Ayers D, Ellul B, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Calleja-Agius J. An Overview of the Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Human Choriocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126506. [PMID: 34204445 PMCID: PMC8235025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Choriocarcinoma (CC), a subtype of trophoblastic disease, is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm. There are two main CC subtypes: gestational and non-gestational, (so called when it develops as a component of a germ cell tumor or is related to a somatic mutation of a poorly differentiated carcinoma), each with very diverse biological activity. A therapeutic approach is highly effective in patients with early-stage CC. The advanced stage of the disease also has a good prognosis with around 95% of patients cured following chemotherapy. However, advancements in diagnosis and treatment are always needed to improve outcomes for patients with CC. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are non-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Deregulation of their expression has a key role in tumor development, angiogenesis, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. Furthermore, detection of cancer-associated lncRNAs in body fluids, such as blood, saliva, and urine of cancer patients, is emerging as a novel method for cancer diagnosis. Although there is evidence for the potential role of lncRNAs in a number of cancers of the female genital tract, their role in CC is poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge of lncRNAs in gestational CC and how this may be applied to future therapeutic strategies in the treatment of this rare cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.); Tel.: +356-2340-3871 (R.D.F.); +356-2340-1892 (J.C.-A.)
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | - Ana Felix
- Department of Pathology, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa, NOVA Medical School, UNL, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, 8 Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, 8 Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - James Beirne
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Trinity St James Cancer Institute, St James Hospital, 8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | | | - Stoyan Kostov
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University Varna “Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov”, 9002 Varna, Bulgaria;
| | - Margarita Nikolova
- Saint Marina University Hospital—Pleven, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | - Ian Said-Huntingford
- Department of Histopathology, Mater Dei Hospital, Birkirkara Bypass, MSD 2090 Msida, Malta;
| | - Duncan Ayers
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (D.A.); (B.E.)
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Bridget Ellul
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta; (D.A.); (B.E.)
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.); Tel.: +356-2340-3871 (R.D.F.); +356-2340-1892 (J.C.-A.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Pentimalli F, O’Toole SA, O’Leary JJ, Ward MP, Conlon NT, Sabol M, Ozretić P, Erson-Bensan AE, Reed N, Giordano A, Herrington CS, Calleja-Agius J. Could MicroRNAs Be Useful Tools to Improve the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Gynecological Cancers? A Brief Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083822. [PMID: 33917022 PMCID: PMC8067678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers pose an important public health issue, with a high incidence among women of all ages. Gynecological cancers such as malignant germ-cell tumors, sex-cord-stromal tumors, uterine sarcomas and carcinosarcomas, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, vulvar carcinoma and melanoma of the female genital tract, are defined as rare with an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. Rare gynecological cancers (RGCs) are associated with poor prognosis, and given the low incidence of each entity, there is the risk of delayed diagnosis due to clinical inexperience and limited therapeutic options. There has been a growing interest in the field of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs of ∼22 nucleotides in length, because of their potential to regulate diverse biological processes. miRNAs usually induce mRNA degradation and translational repression by interacting with the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs, as well as other regions and gene promoters, as well as activating translation or regulating transcription under certain conditions. Recent research has revealed the enormous promise of miRNAs for improving the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of all major gynecological cancers. However, to date, only a few studies have been performed on RGCs. In this review, we summarize the data currently available regarding RGCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.); Tel.: +356-2340-3871 (R.D.F.); +356-2340-1892 (J.C.-A.)
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 8 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 8 Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 8 Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - Neil T. Conlon
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, 9 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Ayse Elif Erson-Bensan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06810, Turkey;
| | - Nicholas Reed
- Beatson Oncology Centre, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow G12 0YN, UK;
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - C. Simon Herrington
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK;
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.); Tel.: +356-2340-3871 (R.D.F.); +356-2340-1892 (J.C.-A.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bates M, Spillane CD, Gallagher MF, McCann A, Martin C, Blackshields G, Keegan H, Gubbins L, Brooks R, Brooks D, Selemidis S, O’Toole S, O’Leary JJ. The role of the MAD2-TLR4-MyD88 axis in paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243715. [PMID: 33370338 PMCID: PMC7769460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of front-line anticancer drugs such as paclitaxel for ovarian cancer treatment, mortality rates have remained almost unchanged for the past three decades and the majority of patients will develop recurrent chemoresistant disease which remains largely untreatable. Overcoming chemoresistance or preventing its onset in the first instance remains one of the major challenges for ovarian cancer research. In this study, we demonstrate a key link between senescence and inflammation and how this complex network involving the biomarkers MAD2, TLR4 and MyD88 drives paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. This was investigated using siRNA knockdown of MAD2, TLR4 and MyD88 in two ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 and SKOV-3 cells and overexpression of MyD88 in A2780 cells. Interestingly, siRNA knockdown of MAD2 led to a significant increase in TLR4 gene expression, this was coupled with the development of a highly paclitaxel-resistant cell phenotype. Additionally, siRNA knockdown of MAD2 or TLR4 in the serous ovarian cell model OVCAR-3 resulted in a significant increase in TLR4 or MAD2 expression respectively. Microarray analysis of SKOV-3 cells following knockdown of TLR4 or MAD2 highlighted a number of significantly altered biological processes including EMT, complement, coagulation, proliferation and survival, ECM remodelling, olfactory receptor signalling, ErbB signalling, DNA packaging, Insulin-like growth factor signalling, ion transport and alteration of components of the cytoskeleton. Cross comparison of the microarray data sets identified 7 overlapping genes including MMP13, ACTBL2, AMTN, PLXDC2, LYZL1, CCBE1 and CKS2. These results demonstrate an important link between these biomarkers, which to our knowledge has never before been shown in ovarian cancer. In the future, we hope that triaging patients into alterative treatment groups based on the expression of these three biomarkers or therapeutic targeting of the mechanisms they are involved in will lead to improvements in patient outcome and prevent the development of chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Bates
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| | - Cathy D. Spillane
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael F. Gallagher
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amanda McCann
- College of Health Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara Martin
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gordon Blackshields
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Keegan
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luke Gubbins
- College of Health Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert Brooks
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Doug Brooks
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Sharon O’Toole
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Research Laboratory, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women & Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nuttall DS, Hillier S, Clayton HR, Savage AJ, Martin CM, O’Leary JJ. A retrospective validation of the FocalPoint GS slide profiler NFR technology by analysis of interval disease outcomes compared with manual cytology. Cancer Cytopathol 2019; 127:240-246. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David S. Nuttall
- Manchester Cytology Centre Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Amanda J. Savage
- Cytopathology Department Glan Clwyd Hospital Denbighshire United Kingdom
| | - Cara M. Martin
- School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
- CERVIVA Research Consortium Dublin Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McSherry LA, O’Leary E, Dombrowski SU, Francis JJ, Martin CM, O’Leary JJ, Sharp L. Which primary care practitioners have poor human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge? A step towards informing the development of professional education initiatives. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208482. [PMID: 30543647 PMCID: PMC6292662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary care practitioners (PCP) play key roles in cervical cancer prevention. Human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge is an important influence on PCPs’ cervical cancer prevention-related behaviours. We investigated HPV knowledge, and associated factors, among general practitioners (GPs) and practice nurses. Methods A survey, including factual questions about HPV infection and vaccination, was mailed to GPs and practice nurses in Ireland. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine which PCPs had low knowledge (questions correctly answered: infection ≤5/11; vaccination: ≤4/10). Questions least often answered correctly were identified. Results 697 PCPs participated. For HPV infection, GPs and practice nurses answered a median of nine and seven questions correctly, respectively (p<0.001). Significantly associated with low HPV infection knowledge were: being a practice nurse/male GP; working fewer hours/week; not having public patients; and having never taken a cervical smear. For HPV vaccination, both GPs and practice nurses answered a median of six questions correctly (p = 0.248). Significantly associated with low HPV vaccination knowledge were: being a practice nurse/male GP; working more years in general practice, fewer hours/week, in a smaller practice or in a practice not specialising in women’s health; and having never taken a smear. Six HPV infection questions, and seven HPV vaccination questions, were not answered correctly by >⅓ of PCPs. Conclusions There are important limitations in HPV infection and vaccination knowledge among PCPs. By identifying factors associated with poor knowledge, and areas of particular uncertainty, these results can inform development of professional education initiatives thereby ensuring women have access to uniformly high-quality HPV-related information and advice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jill J. Francis
- School of Health Sciences, City University London, London, England
| | - Cara M. Martin
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Linda Sharp
- Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Doyle B, Lee CC, Harkins TT, Petraroli R, Smyth P, Sheahan K, O’Leary JJ, Sheils O. Comparing ion torrent with pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing for the detection of TP53 mutations in colorectal cancer. EPMA J 2014. [PMCID: PMC4125828 DOI: 10.1186/1878-5085-5-s1-a32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
|
18
|
Laios A, Mohamed BM, Kelly L, Flavin R, Finn S, McEvoy L, Gallagher M, Martin C, Sheils O, Ring M, Davies A, Lawson M, Gleeson N, D’Arcy T, d’Adhemar C, Norris L, Langhe R, Saadeh FA, O’Leary JJ, O’Toole SA. Pre-Treatment of platinum resistant ovarian cancer cells with an MMP-9/MMP-2 inhibitor prior to cisplatin enhances cytotoxicity as determined by high content screening. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:2085-103. [PMID: 23340649 PMCID: PMC3565367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14012085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in ovarian cancer. We previously identified matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) as a potential therapeutic target of chemoresistant disease. A2780cis (cisplatin-resistant) and A2780 (cisplatin-sensitive) ovarian carcinoma cell lines were used. The cytotoxic effect of MMP-9/MMP-2 inhibitor, (2R)-2-[(4-Biphenylsulfonyl) amino]-3 phenylpropionic acid (C21H19NO4S) alone or in combination with cisplatin was determined using high content screening. Protein expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Co-incubation of cisplatin and an MMP-9/MMP-2 inhibitor, (2R)-2-[(4-Biphenylsulfonyl) amino]-3 phenylpropionic acid (C21H19NO4S) resulted in significantly greater cytotoxicity as compared to either treatment alone in a cisplatin resistant MMP-9 overexpressing cell line; A2780cis. In addition, pre-incubating with MMP-9i prior to cisplatin further enhances the cytotoxic effect. No significant difference was observed in MMP-9 protein in tissue but a trend towards increased MMP-9 was observed in recurrent serum. We propose that MMP-9/MMP-2i may be utilized in the treatment of recurrent/chemoresistant ovarian cancers that overexpress MMP-9 mRNA but its role in vivo remains to be evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Laios
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Bashir M. Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (B.M.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Lynne Kelly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Richard Flavin
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Stephen Finn
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Lynda McEvoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Michael Gallagher
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Cara Martin
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Orla Sheils
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Martina Ring
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Anthony Davies
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (B.M.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Margaret Lawson
- Department of Histopathology, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mail:
| | - Noreen Gleeson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Tom D’Arcy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Charles d’Adhemar
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Lucy Norris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
| | - Ream Langhe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Feras Abu Saadeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (A.L.); (L.K.); (L.M.E.); (N.G.); (T.D.A.); (L.N.); (R.L.); (F.A.S.)
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Sir Patrick Duns Research Laboratory, St. James’s Hospital and The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland; E-Mails: (R.F.); (S.F.); (M.G.); (C.M.); (O.S.); (M.R.); (C.D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McSherry LA, Dombrowski SU, Francis JJ, Murphy J, Martin CM, O’Leary JJ, Sharp L. 'It's a can of worms': understanding primary care practitioners' behaviours in relation to HPV using the Theoretical Domains Framework. Implement Sci 2012; 7:73. [PMID: 22862968 PMCID: PMC3523072 DOI: 10.1186/1748-5908-7-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer is transforming cervical cancer prevention. HPV tests and vaccinations have recently become available. In Ireland, as elsewhere, primary care practitioners play a key role in prevention. ATHENS (A Trial of HPV Education and Support) aims to develop a theory-based intervention to support primary care practitioners in their HPV-related practice. This study, the first step in the intervention development process, aimed to: identify HPV-related clinical behaviours that the intervention will target; clarify general practitioners' (GPs') and practice nurses' roles and responsibilities; and determine factors that potentially influence clinical behaviour. A secondary objective was to informally assess the utility of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) in understanding clinical behaviours in an area with an evolving evidence-base. METHODS In-depth semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with GPs and practice nurses. The topic guide, which contained open questions and HPV-related clinical scenarios, was developed through literature review and clinical experience. Interview transcripts were content-analysed using the TDF as the coding framework. RESULTS 19 GPs and 14 practice nurses were interviewed. The major HPV-related clinical behaviours were: initiating a discussion about HPV infection with female patients; offering/recommending HPV vaccination to appropriate patients; and answering patients' questions about HPV testing. While the responsibility for taking smears was considered a female role, both male and female practitioners dealt with HPV-related issues. All 12 theoretical domains arose in relation to HPV infection; the domains judged to be most important were: knowledge, emotion, social influences, beliefs about capabilities and beliefs about consequences. Eleven domains emerged in relation to HPV vaccination, with beliefs about consequences, social influences, knowledge and environmental context and resources judged to be the most important. Nine domains were relevant to HPV testing, with knowledge and beliefs about capabilities judged to be the most important. CONCLUSIONS The findings confirm the need for an intervention to support primary care practitioners around HPV and suggest it should target a range of theoretical domains. The TDF proved valuable in analysing qualitative data collected using a topic guide not specifically designed to capture TDF domains and understanding clinical behaviours in an area with an evolving evidence-base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A McSherry
- National Cancer Registry, Building 6800 Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephan U Dombrowski
- Institute of Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clarke Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle, NE2 4AX, UK
| | - Jill J Francis
- Aberdeen Health Psychology Group, University of Aberdeen, Health Sciences Building Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland
| | - Judith Murphy
- National Cancer Registry, Building 6800 Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cara M Martin
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dolphin’s Barn, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - John J O’Leary
- Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dolphin’s Barn, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Linda Sharp
- National Cancer Registry, Building 6800 Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dorris ER, Smyth P, O’Leary JJ, Sheils O. MIR141 Expression Differentiates Hashimoto Thyroiditis from PTC and Benign Thyrocytes in Irish Archival Thyroid Tissues. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:102. [PMID: 22969748 PMCID: PMC3432448 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length that function as regulators of gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with initiation and progression of oncogenesis in humans. Our group has previously described a unique miRNA expression signature, including the MIR200 family member MIR141, which can differentiate papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines from a control thyroid cell line. An investigation into the expression of MIR141 in a series of archival thyroid malignancies [n = 140; classic PTC (cPTC), follicular variant PTC, follicular thyroid carcinoma, Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), or control thyrocytes] was performed. Each cohort had a minimum of 20 validated samples surgically excised within the period 1980-2009. A subset of the HT and cPTC cohorts (n = 3) were also analyzed for expression of TGFβR1, a key member of the TGFβ pathway and known target of MIR141. Laser capture microdissection was used to specifically dissect target cells from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded archival tissue. Thyrocyte- and lymphocyte-specific markers (TSHR and LSP1, respectively), confirmed the integrity of cell populations in the HT cohort. RNA was extracted and quantitative RT-PCR was performed using comparative CT (ΔΔCT) analysis. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) differential expression profiles of MIR141 were found between tissue types. HT samples displayed significant downregulation of MIR141 compared to both cPTC and control thyrocytes. Furthermore, TGFβR1 expression was detected in cPTC samples but not in HT thyrocytes. It is postulated that the downregulation of this miRNA is due, at least in part, to its involvement in regulating the TGFβ pathway. This pathway is exquisitely involved in T-cell autoimmunity and has previously been linked with HT. In conclusion, HT epithelium can be distinguished from cPTC epithelium and control epithelium based on the relative expression of MIR141.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma R. Dorris
- Department of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’ HospitalDublin, Ireland
- *Correspondence: Emma R. Dorris, Department of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’ Hospital, Pathology Building, Dublin 8, Ireland. e-mail:
| | - Paul Smyth
- Department of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’ HospitalDublin, Ireland
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’ HospitalDublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Sheils
- Department of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin, St. James’ HospitalDublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bofin AM, Ytterhus B, Martin C, O’Leary JJ, Hagmar BM. Detection and Quantitation of HER-2 Gene Amplification and Protein Expression in Breast Carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1309/8a2djft07ne6ewhe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
22
|
Turner MJ, Martin CM, O’Leary JJ. TiTle. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(03)00331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- J J O’Leary
- Department of Pathology, Coombe Women’s Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | | |
Collapse
|