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Shabil Sha M, Anwar H, Musthafa FN, Al-Lohedan H, Alfarwati S, Rajabathar JR, Khalid Alahmad J, Cabibihan JJ, Karnan M, Kumar Sadasivuni K. Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Sci Rep 2024; 14:3608. [PMID: 38351100 PMCID: PMC10864344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysts have developed into a successful strategy for degrading synthetic and organic toxins, such as chemicals and dyes, in wastewater. In this study, graphene oxide was reduced at different temperatures and used for degrading indigo carmine and neutral red dyes. The wide surface areas, strong adsorption sites, and oxygen functionalities of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) at 250 °C (rGO-250) produced more photocatalytic degradation efficiency and adsorption percentage. The catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, solution pH and recyclability were all used to optimize the photocatalytic activity of rGO-250. This research presents a capable nano-adsorbent photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of organic dyes. GO and rGOs were also investigated for carbon dioxide (CO2) absorption properties. Results showed that rGO-250 has better CO2 adsorption properties than other rGOs. Overall, it was observed that rGO-250 has better photocatalytic and CO2 adsorption capabilities compared to graphene oxide reduced at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizaj Shabil Sha
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hayarunnisa Anwar
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farzana N Musthafa
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hamad Al-Lohedan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarya Alfarwati
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - John-John Cabibihan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box. 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muthusamy Karnan
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box. 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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2
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Consoli GML, Maugeri L, Forte G, Buscarino G, Gulino A, Lanzanò L, Bonacci P, Musso N, Petralia S. Red light-triggerable nanohybrids of graphene oxide, gold nanoparticles and thermo-responsive polymers for combined photothermia and drug release effects. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:952-961. [PMID: 37975827 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01863f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of multifunctional nanohybrid systems for combined photo-induced hyperthermia and drug release is a challenging topic in the research of advanced materials for application in the biomedical field. Here, we report the first example of a three-component red-light-responsive nanosystem consisting of graphene oxide, gold nanoparticles and poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (GO-Au-PNM). The GO-Au-PNM nanostructures were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and atomic force microscopy. They exhibited photothermal conversion effects at various wavelengths, lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behaviour, and curcumin (Curc) loading capacity. The formation of GO-Au-PNM/Curc adducts and photothermally controlled drug release, triggered by red-light excitation (680 nm), were demonstrated using spectroscopic techniques. Drug-polymer interaction and drug-release mechanism were well supported by modelling simulation calculations. The cellular uptake of GO-Au-PNM/Curc was imaged by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In vitro experiments revealed the excellent biocompatibility of the GO-Au-PNM that did not affect the viability of human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia M L Consoli
- CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
- CIB-Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnologies U.O. of Catania, Via Flavia, 23/1, 34148 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ludovica Maugeri
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Buscarino
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Gulino
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Catania, and I.N.S.T.M. UdR of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Lanzanò
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "Ettore Majorana", University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonacci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Petralia
- CNR-Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
- CIB-Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnologies U.O. of Catania, Via Flavia, 23/1, 34148 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy
- NANOMED, Research Centre for Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95124 Catania, Italy
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3
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Sahm BD, Teixeira ABV, dos Reis AC. Graphene loaded into dental polymers as reinforcement of mechanical properties: A systematic review. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:160-166. [PMID: 37362606 PMCID: PMC10285463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene compounds are incorporated into polymers in order to improve their mechanical properties and in dentistry this modification favors the clinical performance of these materials. The aim of this review was to evaluate graphene compounds, their concentrations, and their effect on mechanical properties as flexural, tensile, and compressive strength and hardness of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) for dental application. The search was carried out in two steps in PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The eligibility criteria included studies that incorporated pure graphene compounds into dental polymers and evaluated their mechanical properties. Were found 4984 results, of which 11 articles were included in this review. Graphene compounds: graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were incorporated into PMMA and PEEK, in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 wt%. Concentrations lower than 0.75 wt% of GO in PMMA and 1 wt% of GNP in PEEK resulted in increased flexural, tensile, compression strength, and hardness of these polymers. It was concluded that the incorporation of graphene compounds in low concentrations increases dental polymers' mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andréa Cândido dos Reis
- Correspondence to: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Do Café, s/n, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Hu J, Li C, Yang Z, Wu Q, Wang J, Xu Z, Chen Y, Wan Q, Shuai Y, Yang S, Yang M. Hierarchically patterned protein scaffolds with nano-fibrillar and micro-lamellar structures modulate neural stem cell homing and promote neuronal differentiation. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7663-7677. [PMID: 37855269 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00801k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Biophysical factors are essential in cell survival and behaviors, but constructing a suitable 3D microenvironment for the recruitment of stem cells and exerting their physiological functions remain a daunting challenge. Here, we present a novel silk fibroin (SF)-based fabrication strategy to develop hierarchical microchannel scaffolds for biomimetic nerve microenvironments in vitro. We first modulated the formation of SF nanofibers (SFNFs) that mimic the nanostructures of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) by using graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets as templates. Then, SFNF-GO systems were shaped into 3D porous scaffolds with aligned micro-lamellar structures by freeze-casting. The interconnected microchannels successfully induced cell infiltration and migration to the SFNF-GO scaffolds' interior. Meanwhile, the nano-fibrillar structures and the GO component significantly induced neural stem cells (NSCs) to differentiate into neurons within a short timeframe of 14 d. Importantly, these 3D hierarchical scaffolds induced a mild inflammatory response, extensive cell recruitment, and effective stimulation of NSC neuronal differentiation when implanted in vivo. Therefore, these SFNF-GO lamellar scaffolds with distinctive nano-/micro-topographies hold promise in the fields of nerve injury repair and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Hu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Chenlin Li
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Zhangze Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zongpu Xu
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yuyin Chen
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yajun Shuai
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Shuxu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Mingying Yang
- Institute of Applied Bioresource Research, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Bee Resource Utilization and Innovation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Samejo S, Baig JA, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Hol A, Dahshan A, Akhtar K, Solangi SA, Perveen S, Hussain S. The green synthesis of magnesium oxide nanocomposite-based solid phase for the extraction of arsenic, cadmium, and lead from drinking water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:3863-3873. [PMID: 37497642 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00819c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) has attracted the attention of scientists because it can increase the selectivity and sensitivity measurements of analytes. Therefore, this study is designed to synthesise magnesium oxide nanoparticles (D-MgO-NPs) by an eco-friendly method using biogenic sources Duranta erecta followed by fabricating its chitosan-based polymeric composite (D-MgO-NC) for the SPE of heavy metals (HMs), i.e., arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) from drinking water. Various analytical techniques were used for the surface characterization of D-MgO-NPs and D-MgO-NC. FTIR findings confirmed the formation of D-MgO-NC based on MgO association with the -OH/-NH2 of the chitosan. D-MgO-NC showed the smallest size of particles with rough surface morphology, followed by the crystalline cubic structure of MgO in its nanoparticle and composites. The synthesised D-MgO-NC was used as an adsorbent for the SPE of HMs from contaminated water, followed by their detection by atomic absorption spectrometry. Various experimental parameters, including pH, flow rate, the concentration of HMs, eluent composition, and volume, were optimised for the preconcentration of HMs. The limits of detection for As, Cd, and Pb of the proposed D-MgO-NC-based SPE method were found to be 0.008, 0.006, and 0.012 μm L-1, respectively. The proposed method has an enrichment factor and relative standard deviation of >200 and <5.0%, respectively. The synthesised D-MgO-NC-based SPE method was successfully applied for the quantitative detection of As, Cd, and Pb in groundwater samples, which were found in the range of 18.3 to 15.2, 3.20 to 2.49, and 8.20 to 6.40 μg L-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraya Samejo
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
- Chemistry Department, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20017, Turkey.
| | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
- Chemistry Department, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20017, Turkey.
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Aysen Hol
- Chemistry Department, Pamukkale University, Denizli 20017, Turkey.
| | - Alaa Dahshan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalil Akhtar
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Shakoor Ahmed Solangi
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Saima Perveen
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 05422, Pakistan.
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6
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Shahmiri M, Bayat S, Kharrazi S. Catalytic performance of PVP-coated CuO nanosheets under environmentally friendly conditions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13213-13223. [PMID: 37124016 PMCID: PMC10140733 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07645d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic nitro compounds are an increasing concern worldwide due to their potential toxicity, prompting a quest for efficient removal approaches. This study established a simple and environmentally friendly method to synthesize a highly efficient, recoverable and stable CuO nanosheets catalyst to overcome public health and environmental problems caused by nitro aromatic compounds. In the current research, the effect of different concentrations of copper nitrate on the size and shape of CuO nanostructures in the chemical synthesis was studied. The CuO nanosheets were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. It was found that at concentrations of 0.07 M and 0.1 M of copper nitrate, pure CuO was formed. The FTIR results showed that carbonyl group in PVP coordinated with CuO and formed a protective layer. The as-synthesized CuO nanosheets with an average width of 60 ± 23 nm and length of 579 ± 154 were used as a catalyst for highly selective and efficient reduction of aromatic nitro and aromatic carboxylic acid to the corresponding amine and alcohol compounds. The reduction reaction was monitored by either UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 4-Nitrophenol and 4-nitroaniline were reduced to corresponding amine compounds within 12 min and 6 min, respectively in the presence of a reasonable amount of catalyst and reducing agent. The CuO nanosheets also exhibited excellent stability. The catalyst can be reused without loss of its activity after ten runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Shahmiri
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Saadi Bayat
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University Bundoora Vic 3086 Australia
| | - Sharmin Kharrazi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Advanced Polymeric Nanocomposite Membranes for Water and Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030540. [PMID: 36771842 PMCID: PMC9920371 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been extensively used in polymer nanocomposite membranes due to the inclusion of unique features that enhance water and wastewater treatment performance. Compared to the pristine membranes, the incorporation of nanomodifiers not only improves membrane performance (water permeability, salt rejection, contaminant removal, selectivity), but also the intrinsic properties (hydrophilicity, porosity, antifouling properties, antimicrobial properties, mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability) of these membranes. This review focuses on applications of different types of nanomaterials: zero-dimensional (metal/metal oxide nanoparticles), one-dimensional (carbon nanotubes), two-dimensional (graphene and associated structures), and three-dimensional (zeolites and associated frameworks) nanomaterials combined with polymers towards novel polymeric nanocomposites for water and wastewater treatment applications. This review will show that combinations of nanomaterials and polymers impart enhanced features into the pristine membrane; however, the underlying issues associated with the modification processes and environmental impact of these membranes are less obvious. This review also highlights the utility of computational methods toward understanding the structural and functional properties of the membranes. Here, we highlight the fabrication methods, advantages, challenges, environmental impact, and future scope of these advanced polymeric nanocomposite membrane based systems for water and wastewater treatment applications.
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8
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Manikandan V, Lee NY. Reduced graphene oxide: Biofabrication and environmental applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136934. [PMID: 36273614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Green synthesis of high-quality reduced graphene oxide (rGO) from agro-industrial waste resources remains attractive owing to its outstanding environmental benefits. The remarkable properties of rGO include excellent morphology, uniform particle size, good optical properties, high conductivity, nontoxicity, and extraordinary chemical stability. Traditional methods for the synthesis of rGO nanomaterials involve several chemical reactions including oxidation, carbonization, toxic solvent, and pyrolysis which produce harmful byproducts. Green preparation of rGO is an emerging area of research in graphene technology which is cost-effective and sustainable in the procedure. Owing to the uniform particle rGO particle size, these smart nanomaterials have wide applicability, including in metal ions and pollutant sensing and adsorption, photocatalysis, optoelectrical devices, medical diagnosis, and drug delivery. Here we review the physicochemical properties of rGO, the biowaste sources and green methods of rGO synthesis, and the diverse applications of rGO, including in water purification and the biomedical fields. With this review, covering more than 200 research articles published on rGO in the last eight years ending in 2022, we aim to provide a quick guide for researchers seeking up-to-date information on the properties, production, and applicability of rGO, with special attention to rGO applications in water purification and the biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velu Manikandan
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea.
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Mahmoud AED, El-Maghrabi N, Hosny M, Fawzy M. Biogenic synthesis of reduced graphene oxide from Ziziphus spina-christi (Christ's thorn jujube) extracts for catalytic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant potentialities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89772-89787. [PMID: 35859234 PMCID: PMC9671977 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, various concentrations of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus spina-christi were employed for the phytoreduction of graphene oxide (GO). The green synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was characterized through UV-Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) denoted the presence of numerous phytoconstituents including ketones, terpenoids, fatty acids, esters, and flavonoids, which acted as reducing and capping agents. The obtained results indicated the increase in rGO yield and shape with increasing the extract concentration. The optimized rGO was instantaneously ~100% removed methylene blue (MB) from the water at 5 mg L-1. However, the removal efficiency was slightly declined to reach 73.55 and 65.1% at 10 and 15 mg L-1, respectively. A powerful antibacterial activity for rGO particularly against gram-negative bacteria with a high concentration of 2 × 108 CFU mL-1 was confirmed. Furthermore, rGO demonstrated promising and comparable antioxidant efficiency with vitamin C against DPPH free radical scavenging. While vitamin C recorded 13.45 and 48.4%, the optimized rGO attained 13.30 and 45.20% at 12 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El Din Mahmoud
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Nourhan El-Maghrabi
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hosny
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Manal Fawzy
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- National Egyptian Biotechnology Experts Network, National Egyptian Academy for Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Rout DR, Jena HM. Polyethylene glycol functionalized reduced graphene oxide coupled with zinc oxide composite adsorbent for removal of phenolic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114044. [PMID: 35985491 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of agricultural activities and industrialization recently has various adverse impacts on living organisms. The ever-increasing problem of organic pollution has been an environmental concern to the community. Among these, phenolic pollutants like 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), phenol, 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), and bisphenol-A (BPA) are priority toxic pollutants that are continuously released into environment from many industries. In this work, a biocompatible zinc oxide incorporated polyethylene glycol functionalized reduced graphene oxide composite (RGO-PEG-ZnO) was synthesized and explored for the adsorptive removal of toxic phenolic pollutants from water. The optimized adsorption parameters were solution pH 7, adsorption time 60 min, temperature 25 °C, and dosage 0.25 g/L. The isotherms were well fitted by the Langmuir model for BPA and phenol, whereas for 2-CP, and 2,4-DCP, Freundlich was the best-fitted model, and the maximum uptake of BPA, phenol, 2-CP, and 2,4-DCP were 485.756, 511.248, 531.804, 570.641 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic data for all the phenolic pollutants follow the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic analysis shows that Gibb's free energy (ΔGo) values for all the pollutants were negative, confirming that the process was spontaneous. The positive values of change in enthalpy (ΔHo) 28.261, 37.205, 46.182, and 61.682 kJ/mol for BPA, phenol, 2-CP, and 2,4-DCP, respectively, confirm that the above adsorption process was endothermic. The composite can be used for up to five cycles with a small reduction in the removal percentage. Adsorption performance of the synthesized composite for synthetic industrial effluents shows that up to 86.54% removal occurred in 45 min adsorption time. Based on the remarkably rapid adsorption and high adsorption capacity, RGO-PEG-ZnO composite can be considered an efficient adsorbent for treating phenolic pollutants from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibya Ranjan Rout
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Orissa, India.
| | - Hara Mohan Jena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Orissa, India.
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