1
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Wang Y, Xiong Y, Sun M, Zhou J, Hao F, Zhang Q, Ye C, Wang X, Xu Z, Wa Q, Liu F, Meng X, Wang J, Lu P, Ma Y, Yin J, Zhu Y, Chu S, Huang B, Gu L, Fan Z. Controlled Synthesis of Unconventional Phase Alloy Nanobranches for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic Nitrite Reduction to Ammonia. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402841. [PMID: 38647519 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of metal nanomaterials with unconventional phases is of significant importance to develop high-performance catalysts for various applications. However, it remains challenging to modulate the atomic arrangements of metal nanomaterials, especially the alloy nanostructures that involve different metals with distinct redox potentials. Here we report the general one-pot synthesis of IrNi, IrRhNi and IrFeNi alloy nanobranches with unconventional hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase. Notably, the as-synthesized hcp IrNi nanobranches demonstrate excellent catalytic performance towards electrochemical nitrite reduction reaction (NO2RR), with superior NH3 Faradaic efficiency and yield rate of 98.2 % and 34.6 mg h-1 mgcat -1 (75.5 mg h-1 mgIr -1) at 0 and -0.1 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), respectively. Ex/in situ characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the Ir-Ni interactions within hcp IrNi alloy improve electron transfer to benefit both nitrite activation and active hydrogen generation, leading to a stronger reaction trend of NO2RR by greatly reducing energy barriers of rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Mingzi Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chenliang Ye
- Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, China
| | - Xixi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhihang Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Qingbo Wa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengyi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yangbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jinwen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bolong Huang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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2
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Wang C, Yu C, Qian B, Ren Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Tan X, He X, Qiu J. FeOOH with Low Spin State Iron as Electron Acceptors for High Yield Rate Electrosynthesis of Urea from Nitrate and Carbon Dioxide. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307349. [PMID: 38105349 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Co electroreduction of carbon dioxide and nitrate to synthesize urea provides an alternative strategy to high energy-consumption traditional methods. However, the complexity of the reaction mechanism and the high energy barrier of nitrate reduction result in a diminished production of urea. Herein, a convenient electrodeposition technique to prepare the FeOOH with low spin state iron that increases the yield rate of urea efficiently is employed. According to soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, the unique configuration of low spin state iron as electron acceptors can effectively induce electron pair transfer from the occupied σ orbitals of intermediate * NO to empty d orbitals of iron. This σ→d donation mechanism leads to a reduction in the energy barrier associated with the rate-determining step (* NOOH→* NO + * OH), hence augmenting the urea generation. The low spin state iron presents a high urea yield rate of 512 µg h-1 cm-2 , representing approximately two times compared to the medium spin state iron. The key intermediates (* NH2 and * CO) in the formation of C─N bond are detected with in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The coupling of * NH2 and * CO contributes to the formation of * CONH2 , which subsequently endures multi-step proton-coupled electron transfer to generate urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chang Yu
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bingzhi Qian
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yongwen Ren
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Linshan Wang
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yuanyang Xie
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xinyi Tan
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China
| | - Jieshan Qiu
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Sun S, Sui X, Yu H, Zheng Y, Zhu X, Wu X, Li Y, Lin Q, Zhang Y, Ye W, Liang Y. High Tribocatalytic Performance of FeOOH Nanorods for Degrading Organic Dyes and Antibiotics. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301784. [PMID: 38415975 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Tribocatalysis is vitally important for electrochemistry, energy conservation, and water treatment. Exploring eco-friendly and low-cost tribocatalysts with high performance is crucial for practical applications. Here, the highly efficient tribocatalytic performance of FeOOH nanorods is reported. The factors related to the tribocatalytic activity such as nanorod diameter, surface area, and surface roughness are investigated, and the diameter of the FeOOH nanorods is found to have a significant effect on their tribocatalytic performance. As a result, under ultrasonic excitation, the optimized FeOOH nanorods exhibit superior tribocatalytic degradation toward rhodamine B (RhB), acid orange 7, methylene blue, methyl orange dyes, and their mixture. The RhB and mixed dyes are effectively degraded within 20 min (k = 0.179 min-1 ) and 35 min (k = 0.089 min-1 ), respectively, with the FeOOH nanorods showing excellent reusability. Moreover, antibiotics, such as tetracycline hydrochloride, phenol, and bisphenol A are efficiently degraded. Investigation of the catalytic mechanism reveals that the friction-generated h+ as well as these yielded •OH and •O2 - active radicals participate in the catalytic reaction. This work not only shed light on the design of high-performance tribocatalyst but also demonstrates that by harvesting mechanical energy, the FeOOH nanorods are promising materials for removing organic contaminants in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Haimiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yongcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wanneng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Yanna Liang
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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Qu Y, Guo Y, Chu K. Promoting Nitrite-to-Ammonia Electroreduction over Amorphous CoS 2 Nanorods. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:78-83. [PMID: 38133814 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrite reduction to ammonia (NO2RR) emerges as a promising route to simultaneously attain harmful NO2- removal and green NH3 synthesis. In this study, amorphous CoS2 nanorods (a-CoS2) are first demonstrated as an effective NO2RR catalyst, which exhibits the maximum FENH3 of 88.7% and NH3 yield rate of 438.1 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V vs RHE. Detailed experimental and computational investigations reveal that the high NO2RR performance of a-CoS2 originates from the amorphization-induced S vacancies to facilitate NO2- activation and hydrogenation, boost the electron transport kinetics, and inhibit the competitive hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qu
- Suizhou Vocational and Technical College, Suizhou 441300, China
| | - Yali Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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5
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Xiang J, Zhao H, Chen K, Li X, Li X, Chu K. Atomically dispersed Pd on defective BN nanosheets for nitrite electroreduction to ammonia. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:390-395. [PMID: 37722167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic NO2- reduction to NH3 (NO2RR) offers a prospective strategy to concurrently achieve polluted NO2- removal and effective NH3 electrosynthesis. In this work, we report atomically dispersed Pd on defective BN nanosheets (Pd1/BN) as an efficient catalyst for the NO2RR, achieving the highest NH3-Faradaic efficiency of 91.7% with an NH3 yield rate of 347.1 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V vs. RHE, superior to those of most previously reported electrocatalysts. Theoretical computations reveal the isolated Pd sites as catalytic centers to selectively adsorb NO2- and accelerate NO2--to-NH3 hydrogenation process with a minimized reaction barrier, eventually contributing to the considerably enhanced NO2RR selectivity and activity of Pd1/BN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingchuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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6
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Zhang Y, Wan Y, Liu X, Chen K, Chu K. Nb-doped NiO nanoflowers for nitrite electroreduction to ammonia. iScience 2023; 26:107944. [PMID: 37810221 PMCID: PMC10558769 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrite to ammonia (NO2RR) is considered as an appealing route to simultaneously achieve sustainable ammonia production and abate hazardous nitrite pollution. Herein, atomically Nb-doped NiO nanoflowers are designed as a high-performance NO2RR catalyst, which exhibits the highest NH3-Faradaic efficiency of 92.4% with an NH3 yield rate of 200.5 μmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.6 V RHE. Theoretical calculations unravel that Nb dopants can act as Lewis acid sites to render effective NO2- activation, decreased protonation energy barriers, and restricted hydrogen evolution, ultimately leading to a high NO2RR selectivity and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuying Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoxu Liu
- College of Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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7
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Zhu D, Zhang B, Chen J, Xie F, Zou Y, Chen P. CoFe nanoalloys encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon for efficient nitrite electroreduction to ammonia. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37464814 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical nitrite (NO2-) reduction to ammonia (NH3) can not only remove harmful NO2- in wastewater, but also produce valuable NH3. Herein, a CoFe nanoalloy encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon (CoFe-NC) electrocatalyst was fabricated for nitrite reduction, which achieved a high NH3 Faraday efficiency of 94.5%, and a large NH3 yield of 4050.6 μg h-1 cm-2 in a neutral electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Junlong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Fangxi Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Advanced Materials and Flexible Electronics (IAMFE), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
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Shi Y, Xu S, Li F. Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia via amorphous cobalt boride. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8714-8717. [PMID: 35833645 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02261c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NitRR) is an energy-saving and environmentally benign approach to synthesizing ammonia under ambient conditions. However, the development of noble metal-free catalysts with high activity and selectivity is still a significant challenge. In this study, uniformly dispersed amorphous CoBx nanoparticles supported on carbon paper were synthesized VIA a simple wet chemical reduction method. As an efficient nitrate reduction electrocatalyst, CoBx exhibited a maximum faradaic efficiency of 94.00 ± 1.67% and a yield rate of up to 0.787 ± 0.028 mmol h-1 cm-2 for ammonia production. The enhanced NitRR performance could be attributed to a partial electron transfer from B to Co, which is necessary for optimizing the adsorption energies of the reaction intermediates and facilitating electron transport. Thus, selective and cost-effective electroreduction of nitrates to ammonia can be achieved using CoBx nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Suxian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, DUT-KTH Joint Education and Research Center on Molecular Devices, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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Liu Q, Liu Q, Xie L, Ji Y, Li T, Zhang B, Li N, Tang B, Liu Y, Gao S, Luo Y, Yu L, Kong Q, Sun X. High-Performance Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia under Ambient Conditions Using a FeOOH Nanorod Catalyst. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:17312-17318. [PMID: 35394760 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction is promising as an environmentally friendly process to produce high value-added ammonia with simultaneous removal of nitrate, a widespread nitrogen pollutant, for water treatment; however, efficient electrocatalysts with high selectivity are required for ammonia formation. In this work, FeOOH nanorod with intrinsic oxygen vacancy supported on carbon paper (FeOOH/CP) is proposed as a high-performance electrocatalyst for converting nitrate to ammonia at room temperature. When operated in a 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution with 0.1 M NaNO3, FeOOH/CP is able to obtain a large NH3 yield of 2419 μg h-1 cm-2 and a surprisingly high Faradic efficiency of 92% with excellent stability. Density functional theory calculation demonstrates that the potential-determining step for nitrate reduction over FeOOH (200) is *NO2H + H+ + e- → *NO + H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Lisi Xie
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuyao Ji
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingshuai Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan Province, Leshan Environmental Monitoring Center Station of Sichuan Province, Leshan 614000, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Shuyan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yonglan Luo
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingmin Yu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuping Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, Sichuan, China
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