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Yee BJ, Zakaria SNA, Chandrawati R, Ahmed MU. Detection of Tetracycline with a CRISPR/Cas12a Aptasensor Using a Highly Efficient Fluorescent Polystyrene Microsphere Reporter System. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:2166-2176. [PMID: 38866727 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR-based diagnostics use the CRISPR-Cas system trans-cleavage activity to identify specific target sequences. When activated, this activity cleaves surrounding reporter molecules, producing a detectable signal. This technique has great specificity, sensitivity, and rapid detection, making it an important molecular diagnostic tool for medical and infectious disease applications. Despite its potential, the present CRISPR/Cas system has challenges with its single-stranded DNA reporters, characterized by low stability and limited sensitivity, restricting effective application in complex biological settings. In this work, we investigate the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a on substrates utilizing fluorescent polystyrene microspheres to detect tetracycline. This innovative discovery led to the development of microsphere probes addressing the stability and sensitivity issues associated with CRISPR/Cas biosensing. By attaching the ssDNA reporter to polystyrene microspheres, we discovered that the Cas12a system exhibits robust and sensitive trans-cleavage activity. Further work revealed that the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a on the microsphere surface is significantly dependent on the concentration of the ssDNA reporters. Building on these intriguing discoveries, we developed microsphere-based fluorescent probes for CRISPR/Cas aptasensors, which showed stability and sensitivity in tetracycline biosensing. We demonstrated a highly sensitive detection of tetracycline with a detection limit of 0.1 μM. Finally, the practical use of a microsphere-based CRISPR/Cas aptasensor in spiked food samples was proven successful. These findings highlighted the remarkable potential of microsphere-based CRISPR/Cas aptasensors for biological research and medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Jing Yee
- Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Siti Nurul Azian Zakaria
- Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
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Ansari MA, Mohd-Naim NF, Ahmed MU. Electrochemical Nanoaptasensor Based on Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Zirconium Dioxide/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Human Serum and Saliva. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1579-1587. [PMID: 38386014 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a nanocomposite was synthesized by incorporating graphitic carbon nanosheets, carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and zirconium oxide nanoparticles. The resulting nanocomposite was utilized for the modification of a glassy carbon electrode. Subsequently, matrix metalloproteinase aptamer (AptMMP-9) was immobilized onto the electrode surface through the application of ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride-N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC-NHS) chemistry. Morphological characterization of the nanomaterials and the nanocomposite was performed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The nanocomposite substantially increased the electroactive surface area by 205%, facilitating enhanced immobilization of AptMMP-9. The efficacy of the biosensor was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimal conditions, the fabricated sensor demonstrated a broad range of detection from 50 to 1250 pg/mL with an impressive lower limit of detection of 10.51 pg/mL. In addition, the aptasensor exhibited remarkable sensitivity, stability, excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and real-world applicability when tested with human serum and saliva samples. In summary, our developed aptasensor exhibits significant potential as an advanced biosensing tool for the point-of-care quantification of MMP-9, promising advancements in biomarker detection for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Afaque Ansari
- Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Noor Faizah Mohd-Naim
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
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Cossettini A, Pasquardini L, Romani A, Feriani A, Pinamonti D, Manzano M. Computational aptamer design for spike glycoprotein (S) (SARS CoV-2) detection with an electrochemical aptasensor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:259. [PMID: 38470514 PMCID: PMC10933206 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A new bioinformatic platform (APTERION) was used to design in a short time and with high specificity an aptamer for the detection of the spike protein, a structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The aptamer concentration on the carbon electrode surface was optimized using static contact angle and fluorescence method, while specificity was tested using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) associated to carbon screen-printed electrodes. The data obtained demonstrated the good features of the aptamer which could be used to create a rapid method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. In fact, it is specific for spike also when tested against bovine serum albumin and lysozyme, competitor proteins if saliva is used as sample to test for the virus presence. Spectrofluorometric characterization allowed to measure the amount of aptamer present on the carbon electrode surface, while DPV measurements proved the affinity of the aptamer towards the spike protein and gave quantitative results. The acquired data allowed to conclude that the APTERION bioinformatic platform is a good method for aptamer design for rapidity and specificity. KEY POINTS: • Spike protein detection using an electrochemical biosensor • Aptamer characterization by contact angle and fluorescent measurements on electrode surface • Computational design of specific aptamers to speed up the aptameric sequence time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cossettini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Aldo Feriani
- Arta Peptidion srls, Via Quasimodo 11, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Debora Pinamonti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Marisa Manzano
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine, Italy.
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Wu J, He B, Wang Y, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Bai C, Wei M, Jin H, Ren W, Suo Z, Xu Y. ZIF-8 labelled a new electrochemical aptasensor based on PEI-PrGO/AuNWs for DON detection. Talanta 2024; 267:125257. [PMID: 37804788 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel ultrasensitive aptasensor for deoxynivalenol (DON) detection based on the polyethyleneimine-functionalised porous reduced graphene oxide loaded gold nanowires (PEI-PrGO/AuNWs) and methylene blue (MB)-labelled zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) signal amplification strategy was proposed. PEI-PrGO/AuNWs with large surface area and excellent conductivity were used as modification materials on bare gold electrodes, which could increase the combining of complementary strand (cDNA) on the electrode substrate and accelerate the electron transfer efficiency. Furthermore, a novel electrochemical signal probe was synthesized using streptavidin-modified zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8/SA) as a carrier loaded with MB and reverse complementary chain (sDNA). In the presence of DON, the signal probe was introduced to the electrode surface by Watson-Crick base pairing after specific binding of DON to the aptamer (Apt). As expected, under the optimal conditions, the DON concentration was linearly related to the peak current generated by the prepared aptasensor, and the measured data were combined with theoretical calculations to obtain a detection limit of 2.23 × 10-9 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Baoshan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Yuling Wang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) and School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Renyong Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
| | - Chunqi Bai
- School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Min Wei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Huali Jin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Zhiguang Suo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China
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Wahyuni WT, Putra BR, Rahman HA, Ivandini TA, Irkham, Khalil M, Rahmawati I. Effect of Aspect Ratio of a Gold-Nanorod-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Carbaryl Detection in Three Different Samples of Vegetables. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1497-1515. [PMID: 38239286 PMCID: PMC10796111 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three different sizes of gold nanorods (AuNRs) were synthesized using the seed-growth method by adding various volumes of AgNO3 as 400, 600, and 800 μL into the growth solution of gold nanoparticles. Three different sizes of AuNRs were then characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the surface morphology, topography, and aspect ratios of each synthesized AuNR. The aspect ratios from the histogram of size distributions of three AuNRs as 2.21, 2.53, and 2.85 can be calculated corresponding to the addition of AgNO3 volumes of 400, 600, and 800 μL. Moreover, each AuNR in three different aspect ratios was drop-cast onto the surface of a commercial screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to obtain three different SPCE-modified AuNRs (SPCE-A400, SPCE-A600, and SPCE-A800, respectively). All SPCE-modified AuNRs were then evaluated for their electrochemical behavior using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques and the highest electrochemical performance was shown as the order of magnitude of SPCE-A400 > SPCE-A600/SPCE-A800. The reason for the highest electrocatalytic activity of SPCE-A400 might be due to the smallest particle size and uniform distribution of AuNRs ∼ 2.2, which enhanced the charge transfer, thus providing the highest electroactive surface area (0.6685 cm2) compared to other electrodes. These results also confirm that the sensing mechanism for all SPCE-modified AuNRs is controlled by diffusion phenomena. In addition, the optimum pH was obtained as 4 for carbaryl detection for all SPCE-modified AuNRs with the highest current shown by SPCE-A400. Furthermore, SPCE-A400 has the highest fundamental parameters (surface coverage, catalytic rate constant, electron transfer rate constant, and adsorption capacity) for carbaryl detection, which were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometric techniques. The electroanalytical performances of all SPCE-modified AuNRs for carbaryl detection were also investigated with SPCE-A400 displaying the best performance among other electrodes in terms of its linearity (0.2-100 μM), limit of detection (LOD) ∼ 0.07 μM, and limit of quantification (LOQ) ∼ 0.2 μM. All SPCE-modified AuNRs were also subsequently evaluated for their stability, reproducibility, and selectivity in the presence of interfering species such as NaNO2, NH4NO3, Zn(CH3CO2)2, FeSO4, diazinon, and glucose and show reliable results as depicted from %RSD values less than 3%. At last, all SPCE-modified AuNRs have been employed for carbaryl detection using a standard addition technique in three different samples of vegetables (cabbage, cucumber, and Chinese cabbage) with its results (%recovery ≈ 100%) within the acceptable analytical range. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the great potential of a disposable device based on an AuNR-modified SPCE for rapid detection and high sensitivity in monitoring the concentration of carbaryl as a residual pesticide in vegetable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulan Tri Wahyuni
- Analytical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Tropical
Biopharmaca Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Empowerment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Budi Riza Putra
- Research
Center for Metallurgy, National Research
and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PUSPIPTEK Gd. 470, South
Tangerang, Banten 15315, Indonesia
| | - Hemas Arif Rahman
- Analytical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Tribidasari A. Ivandini
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Irkham
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Padjajaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Munawar Khalil
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Isnaini Rahmawati
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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Zhang B, Ma X, Xie L, Li X, Chen L, He B. A dual-cycle amplification-based electrochemical platform for sensitive detection of tobramycin. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341770. [PMID: 37827631 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobramycin (TOB), an essential aminoglycoside antibiotic in human life, poses potential threats due to its residues in the environment. The primary concern is the adverse impact of excessive TOB on human kidneys, hearing, and other organs, significantly affecting human health. Constructing a sensitive electrochemical platform for simple and rapid trace detection is crucial. Herein, to enhance the sensitivity of TOB detection in the environment and mitigate the risks associated with residual antibiotics, an ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensor was developed. RESULTS The sensor employs a dual-cycle amplification strategy involving catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and exonuclease III (Exo III) for efficient signal amplification. Simultaneously, the electrode performance was optimized by incorporating gold nanowires (AuNWs) onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (PDA-rGO). Specifically, in the presence of TOB, which binds to the aptamer (Apt), dsDNA dissociates, releasing cDNA to open hairpin 1 (HP1) and initiate the CHA cycle with the participation of hairpin 2 (HP2). Exo III shears HP1 in the HP1/HP2 complex, freeing HP2 to participate in the CHA cycle again. Ultimately, a significant amount of signal label is retained on the electrode by hybridizing with sheared HP1, generating a robust electrical signal. SIGNIFICANCE Through the signal amplification strategy, the aptasensor design provides a broad linear range of 0.005-500 nM, with a low detection limit of 0.112 pM for TOB. It is worth mentioning that the aptasensor displayed favorable stability, specificity, and reproducibility, and has been successfully applied to practical samples, demonstrating its utility in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhong Zhang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100#, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Xinyue Ma
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100#, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Xie
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100#, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiquan Li
- College of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100#, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Baoshan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Road 100#, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Negahdary M, Angnes L. Recent advances in electrochemical nanomaterial-based aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers. Talanta 2023; 259:124548. [PMID: 37062088 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
New technologies have provided suitable tools for rapid diagnosis of cancer which can reduce treatment costs and even increase patients' survival rates. Recently, the development of electrochemical aptamer-based nanobiosensors has raised great hopes for early, sensitive, selective, and low-cost cancer diagnosis. Here, we reviewed the flagged recent research (2021-2023) developed as a series of biosensors equipped with nanomaterials and aptamer sequences (nanoaptasensors) to diagnose/prognosis of various types of cancers. Equipping these aptasensors with nanomaterials and using advanced biomolecular technologies have provided specified biosensing interfaces for more optimal and reliable detection of cancer biomarkers. The primary intention of this review was to present and categorize the latest innovations used in the design of these diagnostic tools, including the hottest surface modifications and assembly of sensing bioplatforms considering diagnostic mechanisms. The main classification is based on applying various nanomaterials and sub-classifications considered based on the type of analyte and other vital features. This review may help design subsequent electrochemical aptasensors. Likewise, the up-to-date status, remaining limitations, and possible paths for translating aptasensors to clinical cancer assay tools can be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
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