Wagner F, Sagmeister P, Jusner CE, Tampone TG, Manee V, Buono FG, Williams JD, Kappe CO. A Slug Flow Platform with Multiple Process Analytics Facilitates Flexible Reaction Optimization.
ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024;
11:e2308034. [PMID:
38273711 PMCID:
PMC10987115 DOI:
10.1002/advs.202308034]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Flow processing offers many opportunities to optimize reactions in a rapid and automated manner, yet often requires relatively large quantities of input materials. To combat this, the use of a flexible slug flow reactor, equipped with two analytical instruments, for low-volume optimization experiments are reported. A Buchwald-Hartwig amination toward the drug olanzapine, with 6 independent optimizable variables, is optimized using three different automated approaches: self-optimization, design of experiments, and kinetic modeling. These approaches are complementary and provide differing information on the reaction: pareto optimal operating points, response surface models, and mechanistic models, respectively. The results are achieved using <10% of the material that would be required for standard flow operation. Finally, a chemometric model is built utilizing automated data handling and three subsequent validation experiments demonstrate good agreement between the slug flow reactor and a standard (larger scale) flow reactor.
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