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Stieger B, Steiger J, Locher KP. Membrane lipids and transporter function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166079. [PMID: 33476785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transport proteins are essential for cells in allowing the exchange of substances between cells and their environment across the lipid bilayer forming a tight barrier. Membrane lipids modulate the function of transmembrane proteins such as transporters in two ways: Lipids are tightly and specifically bound to transport proteins and in addition they modulate from the bulk of the lipid bilayer the function of transport proteins. This overview summarizes currently available information at the ultrastructural level on lipids tightly bound to transport proteins and the impact of altered bulk membrane lipid composition. Human diseases leading to altered lipid homeostasis will lead to altered membrane lipid composition, which in turn affect the function of transporter proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Stieger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Steiger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar P Locher
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Prasath KG, Sethupathy S, Pandian SK. Proteomic analysis uncovers the modulation of ergosterol, sphingolipid and oxidative stress pathway by myristic acid impeding biofilm and virulence in Candida albicans. J Proteomics 2019; 208:103503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhang L, Zhong Y, Zhang Z, Wang R, Jin M, Gong M, Qiu Y, Kong D. Antiproliferative effect of ZSTK474 alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs on HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39064-39076. [PMID: 28388564 PMCID: PMC5503595 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While chemotherapy remains to be one of the main approaches in the clinical treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a serious problem which limits the therapeutic efficacy. The important roles of the PI3K/Akt pathway in modulating cell proliferation and MDR suggest that PI3K inhibitor might be effective for treatment of AML. In the present study, the antiproliferative effects of PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 on AML cell HL60 and the adriamycin (ADR)-resistant HL60/ADR cells were investigated. Our data indicated that ZSTK474 exhibited potent antiproliferative activity, induced G1 cell cycle arrest, but no obvious apoptosis in both cell lines. Moreover, ZSTK474 affected the protein levels of cell-cycle-related molecules including increased p27, decreased cyclin D1 and phosphorylated Rb in dose-dependent manner. The proteins downstream of PI3K including phosphorylated PDK1, Akt and GSK-3β were reduced in a dose-dependent manner after ZSTK474 treatment. ZSTK474 reversed ADR resistance, increased the intracellular accumulation of ADR, and reduced the expression and function of multidrug resistance (MDR) proteins including both P-gp and MRP1 in HL60/ADR cells. The combination of ZSTK474 and chemotherapeutic drugs cytarabine or vincristine led to a synergistic effect in HL60 and HL60/ADR cells. In conclusion, ZSTK474 showed potent antiproliferative effect on HL60 and HL60/ADR cells; combination with cytarabine or vincristine resulted in synergistic effect. Our results suggest ZSTK474 has the potential to be applied in the treatment of AML patients, while further evidences particularly those about in vivo efficacy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiang Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Min Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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Sterol targeting drugs reveal life cycle stage-specific differences in trypanosome lipid rafts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9105. [PMID: 28831063 PMCID: PMC5567337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia play important roles in cell signaling, facilitated by the unique lipid environment of a ciliary membrane containing high concentrations of sterol-rich lipid rafts. The African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei is a single-celled eukaryote with a single cilium/flagellum. We tested whether flagellar sterol enrichment results from selective flagellar partitioning of specific sterol species or from general enrichment of all sterols. While all sterols are enriched in the flagellum, cholesterol is especially enriched. T. brucei cycles between its mammalian host (bloodstream cell), in which it scavenges cholesterol, and its tsetse fly host (procyclic cell), in which it both scavenges cholesterol and synthesizes ergosterol. We wondered whether the insect and mammalian life cycle stages possess chemically different lipid rafts due to different sterol utilization. Treatment of bloodstream parasites with cholesterol-specific methyl-β-cyclodextrin disrupts both membrane liquid order and localization of a raft-associated ciliary membrane calcium sensor. Treatment with ergosterol-specific amphotericin B does not. The opposite results were observed with ergosterol-rich procyclic cells. Further, these agents have opposite effects on flagellar sterol enrichment and cell metabolism in the two life cycle stages. These findings illuminate differences in the lipid rafts of an organism employing life cycle-specific sterols and have implications for treatment.
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Gomà A, Mir R, Martínez-Soler F, Tortosa A, Vidal A, Condom E, Pérez-Tomás R, Giménez-Bonafé P. Multidrug resistance protein 1 localization in lipid raft domains and prostasomes in prostate cancer cell lines. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:2215-25. [PMID: 25525371 PMCID: PMC4266421 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s69530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the problems in prostate cancer (CaP) treatment is the appearance of the multidrug resistance phenotype, in which ATP-binding cassette transporters such as multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) play a role. Different localizations of the transporter have been reported, some of them related to the chemoresistant phenotype. AIM This study aimed to compare the localization of MRP1 in three prostate cell lines (normal, androgen-sensitive, and androgen-independent) in order to understand its possible role in CaP chemoresistance. METHODS MRP1 and caveolae protein markers were detected using confocal microscopy, performing colocalization techniques. Lipid raft isolation made it possible to detect these proteins by Western blot analysis. Caveolae and prostasomes were identified by electron microscopy. RESULTS We show that MRP1 is found in lipid raft fractions of tumor cells and that the number of caveolae increases with malignancy acquisition. MRP1 is found not only in the plasma membrane associated with lipid rafts but also in cytoplasmic accumulations colocalizing with the prostasome markers Caveolin-1 and CD59, suggesting that in CaP cells, MRP1 is localized in prostasomes. CONCLUSION We hypothesize that the presence of MRP1 in prostasomes could serve as a reservoir of MRP1; thus, taking advantage of the release of their content, MRP1 could be translocated to the plasma membrane contributing to the chemoresistant phenotype. The presence of MRP1 in prostasomes could serve as a predictor of malignancy in CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Gomà
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Health Sciences of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Mir
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Health Sciences of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain ; División de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF, Mexico ; Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México DF, Mexico
| | - Fina Martínez-Soler
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Health Sciences of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing of the Health Campus of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Avelina Tortosa
- Department of Basic Nursing, School of Nursing of the Health Campus of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - August Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Condom
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Tomás
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pepita Giménez-Bonafé
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Health Sciences of Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
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Shah A, Chen D, Boda AR, Foster LJ, Davis MJ, Hill MM. RaftProt: mammalian lipid raft proteome database. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 43:D335-8. [PMID: 25392410 PMCID: PMC4383944 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RaftProt (http://lipid-raft-database.di.uq.edu.au/) is a database of mammalian lipid raft-associated proteins as reported in high-throughput mass spectrometry studies. Lipid rafts are specialized membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids thought to act as dynamic signalling and sorting platforms. Given their fundamental roles in cellular regulation, there is a plethora of information on the size, composition and regulation of these membrane microdomains, including a large number of proteomics studies. To facilitate the mining and analysis of published lipid raft proteomics studies, we have developed a searchable database RaftProt. In addition to browsing the studies, performing basic queries by protein and gene names, searching experiments by cell, tissue and organisms; we have implemented several advanced features to facilitate data mining. To address the issue of potential bias due to biochemical preparation procedures used, we have captured the lipid raft preparation methods and implemented advanced search option for methodology and sample treatment conditions, such as cholesterol depletion. Furthermore, we have identified a list of high confidence proteins, and enabled searching only from this list of likely bona fide lipid raft proteins. Given the apparent biological importance of lipid raft and their associated proteins, this database would constitute a key resource for the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Shah
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Chen
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Akash R Boda
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melissa J Davis
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle M Hill
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Albi E, Curcio F, Lazzarini A, Floridi A, Cataldi S, Lazzarini R, Loreti E, Ferri I, Ambesi-Impiombato FS. A firmer understanding of the effect of hypergravity on thyroid tissue: cholesterol and thyrotropin receptor. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98250. [PMID: 24866829 PMCID: PMC4035327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining a good health requires the maintenance of a body homeostasis which largely depends on correct functioning of thyroid gland. The cells of the thyroid tissue are strongly sensitive to hypogravity, as already proven in mice after returning to the earth from long-term space missions. Here we studied whether hypergravity may be used to counteract the physiological deconditioning of long-duration spaceflight. We investigated the influence of hypergravity on key lipids and proteins involved in thyroid tissue function. We quantified cholesterol (CHO) and different species of sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide, analysed thyrotropin (TSH) related molecules such as thyrotropin-receptor (TSHR), cAMP, Caveolin-1 and molecule signalling such as Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3). The hypergravity treatment resulted in the upregulation of the TSHR and Caveolin-1 and downregulation of STAT3 without changes of cAMP. TSHR lost its specific localization and spread throughout the cell membrane; TSH treatment facilitated the shedding of α subunit of TSHR and its releasing into the extracellular space. No specific variations were observed for each species of SM and ceramide. Importantly, the level of CHO was strongly reduced. In conclusion, hypergravity conditions induce change in CHO and TSHR of thyroid gland. The possibility that lipid rafts are strongly perturbed by hypergravity-induced CHO depletion by influencing TSH-TSHR interaction was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Albi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABioN, Perugia, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesco Curcio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzarini
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABioN, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Samuela Cataldi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABioN, Perugia, Italy
| | - Remo Lazzarini
- Laboratory of Nuclear Lipid BioPathology, CRABioN, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loreti
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy and Histology - University of Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria Della Misericordia - Piazzale Menghini, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Institute of Pathologic Anatomy and Histology - University of Perugia, Ospedale Santa Maria Della Misericordia - Piazzale Menghini, Italy
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The Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton and Lipid Rafts in the Localization and Function of the ABCC1 Transporter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are known to be important factors in multidrug resistance of tumor cells. Lipid rafts have been implicated in their localization in the plasma membrane, where they function as drug efflux pumps. This specific localization in rafts may support the activity of ABC/Abc transporters. This raises questions regarding the nature and composition of the lipid rafts that harbor ABC/Abc transporters and the dependence of ABC/Abc transporters—concerning their localization and activity—on lipid raft constituents. Here we review our work of the past 10 years aimed at evaluating whether ABC/Abc transporters are dependent on a particular membrane environment for their function. What is the nature of this membrane environment and which of the lipid raft constituents are important for this dependency? It turns out that cortical actin is of major importance for stabilizing the localization and function of the ABC/Abc transporter, provided it is localized in an actin-dependent subtype of lipid rafts, as is the case for human ABCC1/multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1) and rodent Abcc1/Mrp1 but not human ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (PGP). On the other hand, sphingolipids do not appear to be modulators of ABCC1/MRP1 (or Abcc1/Mrp1), even though they are coregulated during drug resistance development.
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Singh A, Mahto KK, Prasad R. Lipidomics and in vitro azole resistance in Candida albicans. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2013; 17:84-93. [PMID: 23374108 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2012.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have shown earlier that fluconazole (FLC) stress induces global changes in the lipidome of Candida albicans in clinically adapted isolates. However, several laboratories have developed adapted in vitro FLC resistant strains of C. albicans to study azole resistance mechanisms. This study aimed to identify the lipid changes associated with FLC resistance in these in vitro adapted isolates. Using comparative lipidomics and principal component and discriminant analyses, we observed gradual changes in several lipid classes and molecular species upon FLC exposure of in vitro resistant C. albicans strains. Although the lipid imprint of FLC in vitro resistant isolates was very distinct from that of clinical isolates of C. albicans, the overall changes in lipid class compositions were similar in both cases. For example, an increased sterol content and depleted sphingolipid levels were the salient features of FLC resistance in both conditions. Taken together, it appears that the overall cellular lipid homeostasis is a critical factor in the observed FLC resistance and in handling FLC stress in both clinical and laboratory situations. The new observations reported herein have implications for more efficacious antifungal drug development as well as understanding host-infectious agent interactions in postgenomics microbiology practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Singh
- Membrane Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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10
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Klappe K, Hummel I, Kok JW. Separation of actin-dependent and actin-independent lipid rafts. Anal Biochem 2013; 438:133-5. [PMID: 23541521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Lipid rafts have been isolated on the basis of their resistance to various detergents and more recently by using detergent-free procedures. The actin cytoskeleton is now recognized as a dynamic regulator of lipid raft stability. We carefully analyzed the effects of the cortical actin-disrupting agent latrunculin B on lipid raft markers of both protein and lipid nature and show that two detergent-free membrane subtypes can be isolated and separated from each other on a one-step density gradient combined with pooling of the appropriate gradient fractions. These two subtypes differ in their dependence on the cortical actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Klappe
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Meszaros P, Klappe K, van Dam A, Ivanova PT, Milne SB, Myers DS, Brown HA, Permentier H, Hoekstra D, Kok JW. Long term myriocin treatment increases MRP1 transport activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012. [PMID: 23178537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of myriocin treatment, which extensively depletes sphingolipids from cells, on multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1) efflux activity in MRP1 expressing cells and isolated plasma membrane vesicles. Our data reveal that both short term (3 days) and long term (7 days) treatment effectively reduce the cellular sphingolipid content to the same level. Intriguingly, a two-fold increase in MRP1-mediated efflux activity was observed following long term treatment, while short term treatment had no impact. Very similar data were obtained with plasma membrane vesicles isolated from myriocin-treated cells. Exploiting the cell-free vesicle system, Michaelis-Menten analysis revealed that the intrinsic MRP1 activity remained unaltered; however, the fraction of active transporter molecules increased. We demonstrate that the latter effect is due to an enhanced recruitment of MRP1 into lipid raft fractions, thereby promoting MRP1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Meszaros
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Meszaros P, Hummel I, Klappe K, Draghiciu O, Hoekstra D, Kok JW. The function of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 is not susceptible to actin disruption. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1828:340-51. [PMID: 23085402 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously we have shown that the activity of the multidrug transporter ABCC1 (multidrug resistance protein 1), and its localization in lipid rafts, depends on cortical actin (Hummel I, Klappe K, Ercan C, Kok JW. Mol. Pharm. 2011 79, 229-40). Here we show that the efflux activity of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family member ABCB1 (P-glycoprotein), did not depend on actin, neither in ABCB1 over expressing murine National Institutes of Health (NIH) 3T3 MDR1 G185 cells nor in human SK-N-FI cells, which endogenously express ABCB1. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton, upon treatment of the cells with latrunculin B or cytochalasin D, caused severe changes in cell and membrane morphology, and concomitant changes in the subcellular distribution of ABCB1, as revealed by confocal laser scanning and electron microscopy. Nevertheless, irrespective of actin perturbation, the cell surface pool of ABCB1 remained unaltered. In NIH 3T3 MDR1 G185 cells, ABCB1 is partly localized in detergent-free lipid rafts, which partitioned in two different density gradient regions, both enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Interestingly, disruption of the actin cytoskeleton did not change the density gradient distribution of ABCB1. Our data demonstrate that the functioning of ABCB1 as an efflux pump does not depend on actin, which is due to its distribution in both cell surface-localized non-raft membrane areas and lipid raft domains, which do not depend on actin stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Meszaros
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cell Biology, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Singh A, Yadav V, Prasad R. Comparative lipidomics in clinical isolates of Candida albicans reveal crosstalk between mitochondria, cell wall integrity and azole resistance. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39812. [PMID: 22761908 PMCID: PMC3384591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged usage of antifungal azoles which target enzymes involved in lipid biosynthesis invariably leads to the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Candida albicans. We had earlier shown that membrane lipids and their fluidity are closely linked to the MDR phenomenon. In one of our recent studies involving comparative lipidomics between azole susceptible (AS) and azole resistant (AR) matched pair clinical isolates of C. albicans, we could not see consistent differences in the lipid profiles of AS and AR strains because they came from different patients and so in this study, we have used genetically related variant recovered from the same patient collected over a period of 2-years. During this time, the levels of fluconazole (FLC) resistance of the strain increased by over 200-fold. By comparing the lipid profiles of select isolates, we were able to observe gradual and statistically significant changes in several lipid classes, particularly in plasma membrane microdomain specific lipids such as mannosylinositolphosphorylceramides and ergosterol, and in a mitochondrial specific phosphoglyceride, phosphatidyl glycerol. Superimposed with these quantitative and qualitative changes in the lipid profiles, were simultaneous changes at the molecular lipid species levels which again coincided with the development of resistance to FLC. Reverse transcriptase-PCR of the key genes of the lipid metabolism validated lipidomic picture. Taken together, this study illustrates how the gradual corrective changes in Candida lipidome correspond to the development of FLC tolerance. Our study also shows a first instance of the mitochondrial membrane dysfunction and defective cell wall (CW) in clinical AR isolates of C. albicans, and provides evidence of a cross-talk between mitochondrial lipid homeostasis, CW integrity and azole tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Singh
- Membrane Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vipin Yadav
- Membrane Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Membrane Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Domon M, Nasir MN, Matar G, Pikula S, Besson F, Bandorowicz-Pikula J. Annexins as organizers of cholesterol- and sphingomyelin-enriched membrane microdomains in Niemann-Pick type C disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:1773-85. [PMID: 22159585 PMCID: PMC11114673 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that membrane microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin are sites for numerous cellular processes, including signaling, vesicular transport, interaction with pathogens, and viral infection, etc. Recently some members of the annexin family of conserved calcium and membrane-binding proteins have been recognized as cholesterol-interacting molecules and suggested to play a role in the formation, stabilization, and dynamics of membrane microdomains to affect membrane lateral organization and to attract other proteins and signaling molecules onto their territory. Furthermore, annexins were implicated in the interactions between cytosolic and membrane molecules, in the turnover and storage of cholesterol and in various signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms of interaction of annexins with lipid microdomains and the role of annexins in membrane microdomains dynamics including possible participation of the domain-associated forms of annexins in the etiology of human lysosomal storage disease called Niemann-Pick type C disease, related to the abnormal storage of cholesterol in the lysosome-like intracellular compartment. The involvement of annexins and cholesterol/sphingomyelin-enriched membrane microdomains in other pathologies including cardiac dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cancer is likely, but is not supported by substantial experimental observations, and therefore awaits further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Domon
- Laboratory of Lipid Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
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Function of MRP1/ABCC1 is not dependent on cholesterol or cholesterol-stabilized lipid rafts. Biochem J 2011; 437:483-91. [PMID: 21609321 DOI: 10.1042/bj20110427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MRP1 (multidrug-resistance-related protein 1)/ABCC1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter C1) has been localized in cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts, which suggests a role for these lipid rafts and/or cholesterol in MRP1 function. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that nearly complete oxidation of free cholesterol in the plasma membrane of BHK-MRP1 (MRP1-expressing baby hamster kidney) cells did not affect MRP1 localization in lipid rafts or its efflux function, using 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate as a substrate. Inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, using lovastatin in combination with RO 48-8071, an inhibitor of oxidosqualene cyclase, resulted in a shift of MRP1 out of lipid raft fractions, but did not affect MRP1-mediated efflux in Neuro-2a (neuroblastoma) cells. Short-term methyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment was equally effective in removing free cholesterol from Neuro-2a and BHK-MRP1 cells, but affected MRP1 function only in the latter. The kinetics of loss of both MRP1 efflux function and lipid raft association during long-term methyl-β-cyclodextrin treatment did not match the kinetics of free cholesterol removal in both cell lines. Moreover, MRP1 activity was measured in vesicles consisting of membranes isolated from BHK-MRP1 cells using the substrate cysteinyl leukotriene C4 and was not changed when the free cholesterol level of these membranes was either decreased or increased. In conclusion, MRP1 activity is not correlated with the level of free cholesterol or with localization in cholesterol-dependent lipid rafts.
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