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Padhy I, Dwibedy SK, Mohapatra SS. A molecular overview of the polymyxin-LPS interaction in the context of its mode of action and resistance development. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127679. [PMID: 38508087 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
With the rising incidences of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the diminishing options of novel antimicrobial agents, it is paramount to decipher the molecular mechanisms of action and the emergence of resistance to the existing drugs. Polymyxin, a cationic antimicrobial lipopeptide, is used to treat infections by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens as a last option. Though polymyxins were identified almost seventy years back, their use has been restricted owing to toxicity issues in humans. However, their clinical use has been increasing in recent times resulting in the rise of polymyxin resistance. Moreover, the detection of "mobile colistin resistance (mcr)" genes in the environment and their spread across the globe have complicated the scenario. The mechanism of polymyxin action and the development of resistance is not thoroughly understood. Specifically, the polymyxin-bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) interaction is a challenging area of investigation. The use of advanced biophysical techniques and improvement in molecular dynamics simulation approaches have furthered our understanding of this interaction, which will help develop polymyxin analogs with better bactericidal effects and lesser toxicity in the future. In this review, we have delved deeper into the mechanisms of polymyxin-LPS interactions, highlighting several models proposed, and the mechanisms of polymyxin resistance development in some of the most critical Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Padhy
- Molecular Microbiology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
| | - Sambit K Dwibedy
- Molecular Microbiology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India
| | - Saswat S Mohapatra
- Molecular Microbiology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur 760007, Odisha, India.
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2
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Liu H, Wang H, Li Q, Wang Y, He Y, Li X, Sun C, Ergonul O, Can F, Pang Z, Zhang B, Hu Y. LPS adsorption and inflammation alleviation by polymyxin B-modified liposomes for atherosclerosis treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3817-3833. [PMID: 37719368 PMCID: PMC10501887 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level in the circulation system is elevated in AS patients and animal models, which is correlated with the severity of AS. Inspired by the underlying mechanism that LPS could drive the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, aggravate inflammation, and ultimately contribute to the exacerbation of AS, LPS in the circulation system was supposed to be the therapeutic target for AS treatment. In the present study, polymyxin (PMB) covalently conjugated to PEGylated liposomes (PLPs) were formulated to adsorb LPS through specific interactions between PMB and LPS. In vitro, the experiments demonstrated that PLPs could adsorb LPS, reduce the polarization of macrophages to M1 phenotype and inhibit the formation of foam cells. In vivo, the study revealed that PLPs treatment reduced the serum levels of LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the proportion of M1-type macrophages in AS plaque, stabilized AS plaque, and downsized the plaque burdens in arteries, which eventually attenuated the progression of AS. Our study highlighted LPS in the circulation system as the therapeutic target for AS and provided an alternative strategy for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Honglan Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Onder Ergonul
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Füsun Can
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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3
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Wouters CL, Heydarian N, Pusavat J, Panlilio H, Lam AK, Moen EL, Brennan RE, Rice CV. Breaking membrane barriers to neutralize E. coli and K. pneumoniae virulence with PEGylated branched polyethylenimine. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184172. [PMID: 37201561 PMCID: PMC10330601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens, such as those in the family Enterobacteriaceae, are among the most difficult to treat because effective therapeutic options are either very limited or non-existent. This raises serious concern regarding the emergence and spread of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens in the community setting; and thus, creates the need for discovery efforts and/or early-stage development of novel therapies for infections. Our work is directed towards branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a strategy for targeting virulence from Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Here, we neutralize lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a barrier to the influx of antibiotics. Data demonstrate that the β-lactam antibiotic oxacillin, generally regarded as ineffective against Gram-negative bacteria, can be potentiated by 600 Da BPEI to kill some Escherichia coli and some Klebsiella pneumoniae. Modification of 600 Da BPEI with polyethylene glycol (PEG) could increase drug safety and improves potentiation activity. The ability to use the Gram-positive agent, oxacillin, against Gram-negative pathogens could expand the capability to deliver effective treatments that simplify, reduce, or eliminate some complicated treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Wouters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Neda Heydarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Pusavat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Hannah Panlilio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Anh K Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Erika L Moen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Robert E Brennan
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 North University Drive, Edmond, OK 73034, United States of America
| | - Charles V Rice
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America.
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4
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Si Z, Li J, Ruan L, Reghu S, Ooi YJ, Li P, Zhu Y, Hammond PT, Verma CS, Bazan GC, Pethe K, Chan-Park MB. Designer co-beta-peptide copolymer selectively targets resistant and biofilm Gram-negative bacteria. Biomaterials 2023; 294:122004. [PMID: 36669302 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
New antimicrobials are urgently needed to combat Gram-negative bacteria, particularly multi-drug resistant (MDR) and phenotypically resistant biofilm species. At present, only sequence-defined alpha-peptides (e.g. polymyxin B) can selectively target Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides. We show that a copolymer, without a defined sequence, shows good potency against MDR Gram-negative bacteria including its biofilm form. The tapered blocky co-beta-peptide with controlled N-terminal hydrophobicity (#4) has strong interaction with the Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides via its backbone through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions but not the Gram-positive bacterial and mammalian cell membranes so that this copolymer is non-toxic to these two latter cell types. The new #4 co-beta-peptide selectively kills Gram-negative bacteria with low cytotoxicity both in vitro and in a mouse biofilm wound infection model. This strategy provides a new concept for the design of Gram-negative selective antimicrobial peptidomimetics against MDR and biofilm species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyong Si
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
| | - Jianguo Li
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix, 138671, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, 169856, Singapore
| | - Lin Ruan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
| | - Sheethal Reghu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
| | - Ying Jie Ooi
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, China
| | - Yabin Zhu
- Medical School of Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | - Paula T Hammond
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Infectious Diseases Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) , 138602, Singapore
| | - Chandra S Verma
- Bioinformatics Institute, A*STAR, 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix, 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117558, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-9510, USA; Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
| | - Kevin Pethe
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 636921, Singapore.
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5
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Win Maung EE, Sushadi PS, Asano A. Polymyxin B neutralizes endotoxin and improves the quality of chicken semen during liquid storage. Theriogenology 2023; 198:107-113. [PMID: 36577162 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite its importance in gamete utilization for livestock production, poultry semen cryopreservation in a liquid state, is limited in the poultry industry due to a significant decline in sperm viability and functionality during liquid storage. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is released from gram-negative bacteria and impairs sperm function in mammals. Using exogeneous LPS, we show this endotoxin compromises sperm viability and function, including motility and penetrability to the inner peri-vitelline layer (IPVL) during liquid storage at 4 °C. This outcome was supported by LPS quantification showing an extreme increase in the first 24 h of storage. Polymyxin B (PMB) is an LPS neutralizer previously shown to improve fertility in boar semen, thus we explored the effect of PMB on chicken semen quality during liquid storage. Sperm viability and penetrability tests showed that PMB completely abolishes the deleterious effect by LPS. However, co-addition of PMB with penicillin G (PenG), an antibiotic against gram positive bacteria, reduces IPVL-penetrability while improving sperm viability post-storage. Furthermore, artificial insemination trials showed that PMB addition improves semen fertility at the post liquid storage. Our results show that chicken semen quality during liquid storage is impaired by bacterial LPS, but improved by PMB addition due to cancelled endotoxic effects, which offers a new approach for prolonged fertility of poultry semen storage in a liquid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ei Ei Win Maung
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Pangda Sopha Sushadi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Atsushi Asano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan.
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6
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Lipid Microenvironment Modulates the Pore-Forming Ability of Polymyxin B. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101445. [PMID: 36290103 PMCID: PMC9598075 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of polymyxin B, an antibiotic used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria as a last-line therapeutic option, to form ion pores in model membranes composed of various phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides was studied. Our data demonstrate that polymyxin B predominantly interacts with negatively charged lipids. Susceptibility decreases as follows: Kdo2-Lipid A >> DOPG ≈ DOPS >> DPhPG ≈ TOCL ≈ Lipid A. The dimer and hexamer of polymyxin B are involved in the pore formation in DOPG(DOPS)- and Kdo2-Lipid A-enriched bilayers, respectively. The pore-forming ability of polymyxin B significantly depends on the shape of membrane lipids, which indicates that the antibiotic produces toroidal lipopeptide-lipid pores. Small amphiphilic molecules diminishing the membrane dipole potential and inducing positive curvature stress were shown to be agonists of pore formation by polymyxin B and might be used to develop innovative lipopeptide-based formulations.
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7
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Synergistic Membrane Disturbance Improves the Antibacterial Performance of Polymyxin B. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204316. [PMID: 36297894 PMCID: PMC9611124 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria pose a serious threat to public health, and polymyxin B (PMB) is clinically used as a last-line therapy for the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens. However, the appearance of PMB resistance calls for an effort to develop new approaches to improve its antibacterial performance. In this work, a new type of nanocomposite, composed of PMB molecules being chemically decorated on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, was designed, which showed potent antibacterial ability through synergistically and physically disturbing the bacterial membrane. The as-fabricated PMB@GO nanocomposites demonstrated an enhanced bacterial-killing efficiency, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value half of that of free PMB (with an MIC value as low as 0.5 μg mL-1 over Escherichia coli), and a bacterial viability less than one fourth of that of PMB (with a bacterial reduction of 60% after 3 h treatment, and 90% after 6 h incubation). Furthermore, the nanocomposite displayed moderate cytotoxicity or hemolysis effect, with cellular viabilities over 85% at concentrations up to 16 times the MIC value. Studies on antibacterial mechanism revealed that the synergy between PMB molecules and GO nanosheets greatly facilitated the vertical insertion of the nanocomposite into the lipid membrane, leading to membrane disturbance and permeabilization. Our results demonstrate a physical mechanism for improving the antibacterial performance of PMB and developing advanced antibacterial agents for better clinic uses.
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8
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Sun J, Rutherford ST, Silhavy TJ, Huang KC. Physical properties of the bacterial outer membrane. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:236-248. [PMID: 34732874 PMCID: PMC8934262 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It has long been appreciated that the Gram-negative outer membrane acts as a permeability barrier, but recent studies have uncovered a more expansive and versatile role for the outer membrane in cellular physiology and viability. Owing to recent developments in microfluidics and microscopy, the structural, rheological and mechanical properties of the outer membrane are becoming apparent across multiple scales. In this Review, we discuss experimental and computational studies that have revealed key molecular factors and interactions that give rise to the spatial organization, limited diffusivity and stress-bearing capacity of the outer membrane. These physical properties suggest broad connections between cellular structure and physiology, and we explore future prospects for further elucidation of the implications of outer membrane construction for cellular fitness and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Steven T. Rutherford
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed: , ,
| | - Thomas J. Silhavy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed: , ,
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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9
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Fan Z, Feng Y, Xu W, Feng J, Yan C, Fu T, Zhao H, Cui J, Gan L, Liu S, Du S, Zhang R, Xu Z, Li N, Xue G, Yuan J. Rapid Detection of Multi-Resistance Strains Carrying mcr-1 Gene Using Recombinase-Aided Amplification Directly on Clinical Samples. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:852488. [PMID: 35432248 PMCID: PMC9009391 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.852488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasingly severe problem of bacterial resistance, colistin, as the last line of defense, has attracted attention again. Mobile colistin resistance (mcr-1) gene is involved in the horizontal transmission of colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), which is a serious threat to human health. Therefore, rapid detection of mcr-1 gene presence in clinical samples is crucial. In this study, a Recombinase-aided amplification(RAA) method for mcr-1 was successfully constructed, with sensitivity of 20 copies/reaction. In addition, amplification signal could only be detected in the strain containing mcr-1 gene among 14 different bacterial species. The method was then used to test a total of 672 clinical samples from a pediatric hospital in Beijing. Five strains harbored mcr-1 genes were isolated from mcr-1-positive clinical samples and identified as Escherichia coli. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analysis showed that the five E. coli belonged to different ST types. Notably, the mcr-1 gene from the isolates could be transferred conjugately to the recipient strain E. coli J53, with highest transfer efficiency up to 57–58%, suggesting that the mcr-1 gene was located on the plasmid. These findings showed that the RAA assay has potential to be a rapid and sensitive mcr-1 gene screening test for clinical samples, and mcr-1 could be transmitted vertically and horizontally between and within bacterial species in a plasmid-mediated manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Fu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Cui
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuheng Du
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Xu
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guanhua Xue,
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Jing Yuan,
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10
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Binding of cationic analogues of α-MSH to lipopolysaccharide and disruption of the cytoplasmic membranes caused bactericidal action against Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1987. [PMID: 35132082 PMCID: PMC8821551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In earlier reports, we have shown the antimicrobial activity of a host neuropeptide, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and its cationic analogues against Staphylococcus aureus. These analogues of α-MSH showed enhanced staphylocidal activity without any significant mammalian cell toxicity. Therefore, here, we explored the antimicrobial activity of α-MSH and its cationic analogues against Escherichia coli. Though the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Gram-negative bacteria enables them to resist most conventional antibiotics, encouragingly α-MSH and its four analogues showed killing of both logarithmic and stationary phase E. coli cells in a time, dose and cationicity-dependent manner. In fact, the most cationic analogue, KKK-MSH with a + 5 charge, demonstrated successful eradication of 105 CFU/mL of E. coli cells within 15 min at a concentration as low as 1 µM. BC displacement experiment revealed that cationicity of the peptides was directly related to the killing efficacy of these α-MSH analogues against E. coli cells via initial LPS-binding, leading to rapid disruption of the LPS-outer membrane complex followed by inner bacterial membrane damage and eventual cell death. Here, we propose α-MSH based cationic peptides as promising future agents with broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens.
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11
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Ledger EVK, Sabnis A, Edwards AM. Polymyxin and lipopeptide antibiotics: membrane-targeting drugs of last resort. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35118938 PMCID: PMC8941995 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The polymyxin and lipopeptide classes of antibiotics are membrane-targeting drugs of last resort used to treat infections caused by multi-drug-resistant pathogens. Despite similar structures, these two antibiotic classes have distinct modes of action and clinical uses. The polymyxins target lipopolysaccharide in the membranes of most Gram-negative species and are often used to treat infections caused by carbapenem-resistant species such as Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. By contrast, the lipopeptide daptomycin requires membrane phosphatidylglycerol for activity and is only used to treat infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, despite having distinct targets, both antibiotic classes cause membrane disruption, are potently bactericidal in vitro and share similarities in resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, there are concerns about the efficacy of these antibiotics, and there is increasing interest in using both polymyxins and daptomycin in combination therapies to improve patient outcomes. In this review article, we will explore what is known about these distinct but structurally similar classes of antibiotics, discuss recent advances in the field and highlight remaining gaps in our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth V K Ledger
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, Armstrong Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Akshay Sabnis
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, Armstrong Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Andrew M Edwards
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, Armstrong Rd, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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12
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Sun JD, Li Q, Haoyang WW, Zhang DW, Wang H, Zhou W, Ma D, Hou JL, Li ZT. Adsorption-Based Detoxification of Endotoxins by Porous Flexible Organic Frameworks. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:953-962. [PMID: 35102736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxins) cause sepsis that is responsible for a huge amount of mortality globally. However, their neutralization or detoxification remains an unmet medical need. We envisaged that cationic organic frameworks with persistent hydrophobic porosity may adsorb and thus neutralize LPS through a combination of cooperative ion-pairing electrostatic attraction and hydrophobicity. We here report the preparation of two water-soluble flexible organic frameworks (FOF-1 and FOF-2) from tetratopic and ditopic precursors through quantitative formation of hydrazone bonds at room temperature. The two FOFs are revealed to possess hydrodynamic diameters, which range from 20 to 120 nm, depending on the concentrations. Dynamic light scattering and isothermal titration calorimetric and chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate experiments indicate that both frameworks are able to adsorb and thus reduce the concentration of free LPS molecules in aqueous solution, whereas cytokine inhibition experiments with RAW264.7 support that this adsorption can significantly decrease the toxicity of LPS. In vivo experiments with mice (five males per group) show that the injection of FOF-1 at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg realizes the survival of all of the mice administrated with LPS of the d-galactosamine (d-Gal)-sensitized absolute lethal dose (LD100, 0.05 mg/kg), whereas its maximum tolerated dose for mice is determined to be 10 mg/kg. These findings provide a new promising sequestration strategy for the development of porous agents for the neutralization of LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Da Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei-Wei Haoyang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Da Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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Razdan S, Adler J, Barua D, Barua S. Multifunctional Biofilter to Effectively Remove Toxins. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Yang K, Peng Y, Wang L, Ren L. Polymyxin B engineered polystyrene-divinylbenzene microspheres for the adsorption of bilirubin and endotoxin. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39978-39984. [PMID: 35494100 PMCID: PMC9044794 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06684f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemoperfusion is an important strategy for liver disease treatment. Polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) microspheres are widely applied as absorbents in hemoperfusion to efficiently remove the important toxin bilirubin. However, as another common toxin, endotoxin will remain during this process and cause endotoxemia. Therefore, simultaneous removal of both bilirubin and endotoxin is highly desirable. In the present study, we engineered PS-DVB microspheres with polymyxin B sulfate (PMB) to meet this goal. After modification, the novel PMB-engineered (P-PMB) microspheres displayed excellent biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Notably, compared to PS-DVB microspheres, P-PMB microspheres exhibited markedly stronger detoxification of both bilirubin and endotoxin, increasing by 17.03% and 42.57%, respectively. Overall, we believe that the novel P-PMB microspheres have considerable potential for liver disease treatment in clinical practice. A new adsorbent for hemoperfusion was successfully prepared by grafting polymyxin B (PMB) on the surface of polystyrene divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) microspheres. It showed good biocompatibility and could adsorb both bilirubin and endotoxin.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangle Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yaotian Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China
- Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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15
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Sinha D, Chakraborty T, Sinha D, Poddar A, Chattopadhyaya R, Sau S. Understanding the structure, stability, and anti-sigma factor-binding thermodynamics of an anti-anti-sigma factor from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6539-6552. [PMID: 32755297 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1801511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Debasmita Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asim Poddar
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Subrata Sau
- Department of Biochemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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16
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Ongwae GM, Morrison KR, Allen RA, Kim S, Im W, Wuest WM, Pires MM. Broadening Activity of Polymyxin by Quaternary Ammonium Grafting. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1427-1435. [PMID: 32212668 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens continue to impose a tremendous health burden across the globe. Here, we describe a novel series of polymyxin-based agents grafted with membrane-active quaternary ammonium warheads to combine two important classes of Gram-negative antimicrobial scaffolds. The goal was to deliver a targeted quaternary ammonium warhead onto the surface of bacterial pathogens using the outer membrane homing properties of polymyxin. The most potent agents resulted in new scaffolds that retained the ability to target Gram-negative bacteria and had limited toxicity toward mammalian cells. We showed, using a molecular dynamics approach, that the new agents retained their ability to engage in specific interactions with lipopolysaccharide molecules. Significantly, the combination of quaternary ammonium and polymyxin widens the activity to the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Our results serve as an example of how two membrane-active agents can be combined to produce a class of novel scaffolds with potent biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M. Ongwae
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Kelly R. Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ryan A. Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Seonghoon Kim
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Wonpil Im
- Departments of Biological Sciences, Chemistry, and Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - William M. Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Marcos M. Pires
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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17
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Schneier M, Razdan S, Miller AM, Briceno ME, Barua S. Current technologies to endotoxin detection and removal for biopharmaceutical purification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2588-2609. [PMID: 32333387 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxins are the major contributors to the pyrogenic response caused by contaminated pharmaceutical products, formulation ingredients, and medical devices. Recombinant biopharmaceutical products are manufactured using living organisms, including Gram-negative bacteria. Upon the death of a Gram-negative bacterium, endotoxins (also known as lipopolysaccharides) in the outer cell membrane are released into the lysate where they can interact with and form bonds with biomolecules, including target therapeutic compounds. Endotoxin contamination of biologic products may also occur through water, raw materials such as excipients, media, additives, sera, equipment, containers closure systems, and expression systems used in manufacturing. The manufacturing process is, therefore, in critical need of methods to reduce and remove endotoxins by monitoring raw materials and in-process intermediates at critical steps, in addition to final drug product release testing. This review paper highlights a discussion on three major topics about endotoxin detection techniques, upstream processes for the production of therapeutic molecules, and downstream processes to eliminate endotoxins during product purification. Finally, we have evaluated the effectiveness of endotoxin removal processes from a perspective of high purity and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mason Schneier
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Sidharth Razdan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Allison M Miller
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Maria E Briceno
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
| | - Sutapa Barua
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri
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18
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Lam AK, Panlilio H, Pusavat J, Wouters CL, Moen EL, Rice CV. Overcoming Multidrug Resistance and Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a Single Dual-Function Potentiator of β-Lactams. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1085-1097. [PMID: 32223216 PMCID: PMC7233300 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians prescribe hundreds of millions of β-lactam antibiotics to treat the majority of patients presenting with bacterial infections. Patient outcomes are positive unless resistant bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), are present. P. aeruginosa has both intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance, making clinical management of infection a real challenge, particularly when these bacteria are sequestered in biofilms. These problems would be alleviated if, upon the initial presentation of bacterial infection symptoms, clinicians were able to administer an antibiotic that kills both susceptible and otherwise resistant bacteria and eradicates biofilms. As the most common class of antibiotics, β-lactams could be used in a new drug if the leading causes of β-lactam antibiotic resistance, permeation barriers from lipopolysaccharide, efflux pumps, and β-lactamase enzymes, were also defeated. Against P. aeruginosa and their biofilms, the potency of β-lactam antibiotics is restored with 600 Da branched polyethylenimine (600 Da BPEI). Checkerboard assays using microtiter plates demonstrate the potentiation of piperacillin, cefepime, Meropenem, and erythromycin antibiotics. Growth curves demonstrate that only a combination of 600 Da BPEI and piperacillin produces growth inhibition against antibiotic resistant P. aeruginosa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to confirm that the combination treatment leads to abnormal P. aeruginosa morphology. Data collected with isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrate a mechanism of action in which potentiation at low concentrations of 600 Da BPEI reduces diffusion barriers from lipopolysaccharides without disrupting the outer membrane itself. Coupled with the ability to overcome a reduction in antibiotic activity created by biofilm exopolymers, targeting anionic sites on lipopolysaccharides and biofilm exopolysaccharides with the same compound provides new opportunities to counter the rise of multidrug-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh K Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Hannah Panlilio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Jennifer Pusavat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Cassandra L Wouters
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Erika L Moen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Charles V Rice
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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19
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Basauri A, González-Fernández C, Fallanza M, Bringas E, Fernandez-Lopez R, Giner L, Moncalián G, de la Cruz F, Ortiz I. Biochemical interactions between LPS and LPS-binding molecules. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:292-305. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1709797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arantza Basauri
- Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Marcos Fallanza
- Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Eugenio Bringas
- Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Raúl Fernandez-Lopez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia (IBBTEC), CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Laura Giner
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia (IBBTEC), CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Gabriel Moncalián
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia (IBBTEC), CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Fernando de la Cruz
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia (IBBTEC), CSIC, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ortiz
- Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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20
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Correa W, Brandenburg J, Behrends J, Heinbockel L, Reiling N, Paulowski L, Schwudke D, Stephan K, Martinez-de-Tejada G, Brandenburg K, Gutsmann T. Inactivation of Bacteria by γ-Irradiation to Investigate the Interaction with Antimicrobial Peptides. Biophys J 2019; 117:1805-1819. [PMID: 31676134 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) has been investigated extensively using model membranes composed of phospholipids or lipopolysaccharides in aqueous environments. However, from a biophysical perspective, there is a large scientific interest regarding the direct interaction of membrane-active peptides with whole bacteria. Working with living bacteria limits the usability of experimental setups and the interpretation of the resulting data because of safety risks and the overlap of active and passive effects induced by AMPs. We killed or inactivated metabolic-active bacteria using γ-irradiation or sodium azide, respectively. Microscopy, flow cytometry, and SYTOX green assays showed that the cell envelope remained intact to a high degree at the minimal bactericidal dose. Furthermore, the tumor-necrosis-factor-α-inducing activity of the lipopolysaccharides and the chemical lipid composition was unchanged. Determining the binding capacity of AMPs to the bacterial cell envelope by calorimetry is difficult because of an overlapping of the binding heat and metabolic activities of the bacteria-induced by the AMPs. The inactivation of all active processes helps to decipher the complex thermodynamic information. From the isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results, we propose that the bacterial membrane potential (Δψ) is possibly an underestimated modulator of the AMP activity. The negative surface charge of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is already neutralized by peptide concentrations below the minimal inhibitory concentration. This proves that peptide aggregation on the bacterial membrane surface plays a decisive role in the degree of antimicrobial activity. This will not only enable many biophysical approaches for the investigation between bacteria and membrane-active peptides in the future but will also make it possible to compare biophysical parameters of active and inactive bacteria. This opens up new possibilities to better understand the active and passive interaction processes between AMPs and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmar Correa
- Division of Biophysics, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany.
| | - Julius Brandenburg
- Microbial Interface Biology, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Jochen Behrends
- Fluorescence Cytometry Department, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Reiling
- Microbial Interface Biology, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Laura Paulowski
- Division of Biophysics, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Bioanalytical Chemistry, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stephan
- Division of Biophysics, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Division of Biophysics, Priority Research Area Infections, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
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21
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Song T, Shi Y, Wang Y, Qazi IH, Angel C, Zhang M. Implication of Polyhistidine, a Novel Apoptosis Inhibitor, in Inhibiting Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Apoptosis in Boar Sperm. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100719. [PMID: 31554281 PMCID: PMC6827019 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogenic microorganisms found in human and animal semen. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, has been linked to inducing apoptosis in human and rat sperm; however, little is known regarding LPS-induced apoptosis in boar sperm. This detrimental effect of LPS is potentially mediated via competitive bidding with toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 on the cytoplasmic membrane. Therefore, it is reasonable to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which the binding of LPS and TLR4 could be prevented. Polyhistidine is widely used for the delivery of nucleic acids and antibodies into the cell cytoplasm, and it is a novel TLR4 agonist. In the current study, we envisaged that pHis might also serve as an effective tool for inhibiting LPS-induced apoptosis in boar sperm. The new finding of our present study is that pHis could inhibit, to some extent, LPS-induced boar sperm apoptosis, and it could ameliorate the overall sperm quality parameters under liquid storage or at 37 °C incubation conditions. However, further investigation should be continued to fully elucidate the mechanistic basis of these ameliorative effects of pHis. Abstract Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from Gram-negative bacteria binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and induces boar sperm apoptosis. Similarly, polyhistidine (pHis), a TLR4 agonist, can also bind to TLR4. We hypothesized that pHis could inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4 to then improve sperm quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether pHis can inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis and affect sperm quality. The results showed that the concentrations of bacterial colonies were significantly increased from 36 to 120 h under liquid storage conditions (p < 0.05); however, concentrations of LPS in boar semen showed a relatively constant trend (4.98 ± 1.55 EU/mL) following 120 h storage. The addition of 100 μg/mL pHis in the BTS extender significantly improved boar sperm motility and viability at 37 °C, and it significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited boar sperm apoptosis under liquid storage (17 °C) and at 37 °C incubation conditions. The co-treatment of LPS and pHis further confirmed that pHis played its role in inhibiting LPS-induced sperm apoptosis. In conclusion, our preliminary findings provide reasonable evidence that pHis could act as an inhibitor of LPS-induced apoptosis in boar sperm stored for longer periods of time. pHis might inhibit LPS-induced sperm apoptosis by competitively binding to TLR4. Nevertheless, further mechanistic studies are awaited to fully elucidate its potential implication in inhibiting LSP-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzeng Song
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.T.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.); (I.H.Q.)
- Institute of Animal Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850009, China
| | - Yi Shi
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.T.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.); (I.H.Q.)
| | - Yangang Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.T.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.); (I.H.Q.)
| | - Izhar Hyder Qazi
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.T.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.); (I.H.Q.)
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Histology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan
| | - Christiana Angel
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand 67210, Pakistan
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (S.T.); (Y.S.); (Y.W.); (I.H.Q.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Wang C, Nelson T, Chen D, Ellis JC, Abbott NL. Understanding lipopolysaccharide aggregation and its influence on activation of Factor C. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 552:540-553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Archer WR, Hall BA, Thompson TN, Wadsworth OJ, Schulz MD. Polymer sequestrants for biological and environmental applications. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William R Archer
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Brady A Hall
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Tiffany N Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Ophelia J Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Michael D Schulz
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA
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Amini Tapouk F, Nabizadeh R, Nasseri S, Mesdaghinia A, Khorsandi H, Mahvi AH, Gholibegloo E, Alimohammadi M, Khoobi M. Endotoxin removal from aqueous solutions with dimethylamine-functionalized graphene oxide: Modeling study and optimization of adsorption parameters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 368:163-177. [PMID: 30677648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Novel graphene oxide (GO)-based adsorbent embedded with epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a coupling agent and dimethylamine (DMA) as a ligand (GO-ECH-DMA) were prepared and employed for endotoxin removal from aqueous solutions. The physicochemical properties of nanocomposite were fully characterized. The model attributed to batch adsorption process was optimized employing response surface methodology (RSM) via various parameters such as pH, GO-ECH-DMA dosage, and contact time and endotoxin concentration. The p-value with low probability (<0.00001), determination coefficient (R2=0.99) and the non-significant lack of fit (p > 0.05) showed a quadratic model with a good fit with experimental terms. The synergistic effects of the linear term of contact time and GO-ECH-DMA dosage on endotoxin removal were significant. The optimum condition for endotoxin removal was obtained at pH of 5.52, GO-ECH-DMA dosage of 21 mgL-1, contact time of 56 min and endotoxin concentration of 51.3 endotoxin units per milliliter (EUmL-1). The equilibrium was the better explained by Langmuir isotherm with the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 121.47 EUmg-1, while the kinetics of the endotoxin adsorption process was followed by the pseudo-second-order model. The adsorbent could be recycled with NaOH. The possible mechanisms of endotoxin adsorption were proposed by hydrogen-bonding, π-π stacking, and electrostatic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Amini Tapouk
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Nasseri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Khorsandi
- Department of Environmental Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Gholibegloo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medicinal Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Alimohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IC-TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Equity Research Center (HERC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Water Quality Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Biomaterials Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials and Medicinal Biomaterials Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Fighting biofilms with lantibiotics and other groups of bacteriocins. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2018; 4:9. [PMID: 29707229 PMCID: PMC5908865 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-018-0053-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are sessile communities of bacteria typically embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix. Bacterial cells embedded in biofilms are inherently recalcitrant to antimicrobials, compared to cells existing in a planktonic state, and are notoriously difficult to eradicate once formed. Avenues to tackle biofilms thus far have largely focussed on attempting to disrupt the initial stages of biofilm formation, including adhesion and maturation of the biofilm. Such an approach is advantageous as the concentrations required to inhibit formation of biofilms are generally much lower than removing a fully established biofilm. The crisis of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings worldwide has been further exacerbated by the ability of certain pathogenic bacteria to form biofilms. Perhaps the most notorious biofilm formers described from a clinical viewpoint have been methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus mutans, the latter of which is found in oral biofilms. Due to the dearth of novel antibiotics in recent decades, compounded by the increasing rate of emergence of resistance amongst pathogens with a propensity for biofilm formation, solutions are urgently required to mitigate these crises. Bacteriocins are a class of antimicrobial peptides, which are ribosomally synthesised and often are more potent than their antibiotic counterparts. Here, we review a selection of studies conducted with bacteriocins with the ultimate objective of inhibiting biofilms. Overall, a deeper understanding of the precise means by which a biofilm forms on a substrate as well as insights into the mechanisms by which bacteriocins inhibit biofilms is warranted.
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Bergstrom BE, Abdelkhalek A, Younis W, Hammac GK, Townsend WM, Seleem MN. Antibacterial activity and safety of commercial veterinary cationic steroid antibiotics and neutral superoxidized water. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29513686 PMCID: PMC5841667 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance of bacteria common to the ocular surface is an evolving problem. Thus, novel treatment options with new modes of action are required. We investigated the antibacterial activity and safety of three commercially available topical veterinary ophthalmic products (cationic steroid antibiotics, products A and B, and a neutral superoxidized water, product C) to determine their potential use as antimicrobial alternatives. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the three products were determined against 17 antibiotic resistant bacterial clinical isolates from the ocular surface. Using a standard cytotoxicity assay, the products at varying concentrations were evaluated with a corneal fibroblast cell line and a macrophage-like cell line to determine their potential toxic effect in vitro. The commercial ophthalmic solutions, ofloxacin 0.3%, tobramycin 0.3% and gentamicin 0.3% were used as positive controls for the MIC and tobramycin 0.3% was used as positive control for the cytotoxicity assays. For the MIC, Product C showed no inhibition of growth for any organisms, while Products A and B showed inhibition of growth similar to slightly less than the positive controls. For the cytotoxicity assays, Product C exhibited minimal toxicity while Products A and B exhibited toxicity similar to the controls. In conclusion, Product C had no antibacterial activity in these assays, while Products A and B had antibacterial profiles similar to slightly less than common topical ophthalmic antibiotics and cytotoxicity profiles similar to common topical ophthalmic antibiotics. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the antibacterial activity and safety of the cationic steroid antibiotics and superoxidized water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E. Bergstrom
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Abdelkhalek
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Waleed Younis
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - G. Kenitra Hammac
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Wendy M. Townsend
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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27
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Shang D, Meng X, Zhang D, Kou Z. Antibacterial activity of chensinin-1b, a peptide with a random coil conformation, against multiple-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 143:65-78. [PMID: 28756209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nosocomial infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are difficult to treat due to the low permeability of its outer membrane as well as to its remarkable ability to acquire further resistance to antibiotics. Chensinin-1b exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested multiple-drug-resistant bacteria with a MIC ranging between 1.56 and 50μM, except E. cloacae strain 0320 (MREC0320), P. fluorescens strain 0322 (MRPF0322) and E. aerogenes strain 0320 (MREA0320). However, the MIC (25μM) of chensinin-1b to multiple-drug-resistant P. aeruginosa strain (MRPA 0108) was 16-fold higher than that observed to P. aeruginosa susceptible strain CGMCC 1.860 (PA1860). Chensinin-1b was able to disturb the integration of the cytoplasmic membrane of PA1860 and MRPA0108 cells similarly, but the outer membrane permeability of MRPA0108 cells was significantly lower. This low permeability was associated with increased expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane and a decrease in negatively charged phospholipids in the outer membrane leaflet. In addition, the biofilm of MRPA0108 was responsible for the reduced susceptibility to chensinin-1b. A higher concentration of chensinin-1b (12.5µM) was required to maximally inhibit the formation of MRPA0108 biofilm. Notably, chensinin-1b inhibited the formation of MRPA0108 biofilm at concentrations below its MIC value by down-regulating the level of PelA, algD, and PslA gene transcription. Importantly, chensinin-1b had a significant antibacterial effect against MRPA0108 in vivo. Administration of chensinin-1b to mice infected with MRPA 0108 significantly increased survival by 50-70%. Moreover, chensinin-1b reduced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and correspondingly reduced lung and liver tissue damage in the mouse model of septic shock induced by MRPA 0108. Collectively, these results suggest that chensinin-1b could be an effective antibiotic against multiple-drug-resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Xin Meng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Zhiru Kou
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
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28
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Kopitsyna MN, Morozov AS, Bessonov IV, Pisarev VM, Lobakova ES, Bukharin OV. LIGANDS FOR SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES FROM GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-2017-3-115-126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are highly toxic molecules released during the lysis of bacterial cells. They play important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and can contaminate pharmaceuticals, so removing them from aqueous solutions and biological fluids is an extremely important task. Structure of LPS and its toxicity for various animals are presented in this review. Various low- and high-molecular ligands, suitable for efficient binding and removal LPS from solutions are studied and demonstrated. The main attention is paid to the relationship between the chemical structure of the ligand and its ability to form strong complexes with LPS and the principles of creating selective ligands for the depyrogenation of pharmaceutical substances and the creation of hemoperfusion columns for the sepsis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. S. Morozov
- JSC Advanced Medical Technologies; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - I. V. Bessonov
- JSC Advanced Medical Technologies; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - V. M. Pisarev
- V.A.Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology
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29
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Iida M, Yamada K, Nango Y, Yamaguchi Y, Ogita A, Fujita KI, Tanaka T. Vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit Vma1p functions as the molecular ligand in the vacuole-targeting fungicidal activity of polymyxin B. Microbiology (Reading) 2017; 163:531-540. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Iida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Nango
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Akira Ogita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Research Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Fujita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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30
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Taniguchi M, Ochiai A, Toyoda R, Sato T, Saitoh E, Kato T, Tanaka T. Effects of arginine and leucine substitutions on anti-endotoxic activities and mechanisms of action of cationic and amphipathic antimicrobial octadecapeptide from rice α
-amylase. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:252-260. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Taniguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Akihito Ochiai
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Ryu Toyoda
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Teppei Sato
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Eiichi Saitoh
- Graduate School of Technology; Niigata Institute of Technology; Niigata 945-1195 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kato
- Department of Chemistry; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo 101-0062 Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology; Niigata University; Niigata 950-2181 Japan
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31
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Vilakazi CS, Dubery IA, Piater LA. Identification of lipopolysaccharide-interacting plasma membrane-type proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:155-165. [PMID: 27936405 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an amphiphatic bacterial glycoconjugate found on the external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. This endotoxin is considered as a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP) molecule and has been shown to elicit defense responses in plants. Here, LPS-interacting proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane (PM)-type fractions were captured and identified in order to investigate those involved in LPS perception and linked to triggering of innate immune responses. A novel proteomics-based affinity-capture strategy coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was employed for the enrichment and identification of LPS-interacting proteins. As such, LPS isolated from Burkholderia cepacia (LPSB.cep.) was immobilized on three independent and distinct affinity-based matrices to serve as bait for interacting proteins from A. thaliana leaf and callus tissue. These were resolved by 1D electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. Proteins specifically bound to LPSB.cep. have been implicated in membrane structure (e.g. COBRA-like and tubulin proteins), membrane trafficking and/or transport (e.g. soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, patellin, aquaporin, PM instrinsic proteins (PIP) and H+-ATPase), signal transduction (receptor-like kinases and calcium-dependent protein kinases) as well as defense/stress responses (e.g. hypersensitive-induced response (HIR) proteins, jacalin-like lectin domain-containing protein and myrosinase-binding proteins). The novel affinity-capture strategy for the enrichment of LPS-interacting proteins proved to be effective, especially in the binding of proteins involved in plant defense responses, and can thus be used to elucidate LPS-mediated molecular recognition and disease mechanism(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius S Vilakazi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Ian A Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Lizelle A Piater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
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32
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Frirdich E, Whitfield C. Review: Lipopolysaccharide inner core oligosaccharide structure and outer membrane stability in human pathogens belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519050110030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the Enterobacteriaceae, the outer membrane is primarily comprised of lipopolysaccharides. The lipopolysaccharide molecule is important in mediating interactions between the bacterium and its environment and those regions of the molecule extending further away from the cell surface show a higher amount of structural diversity. The hydrophobic lipid A is highly conserved, due to its important role in the structural integrity of the outer membrane. Attached to the lipid A region is the core oligosaccharide. The inner core oligosaccharide (lipid A proximal) backbone is also well conserved. However, non-stoichiometric substitutions of the basic inner core structure lead to structural variation and microheterogeneity. These include the addition of negatively charged groups (phosphate or galacturonic acid), ethanolamine derivatives, and glycose residues (Kdo, rhamnose, galactose, glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, heptose, Ko). The genetics and biosynthesis of these substitutions is beginning to be elucidated. Modification of heptose residues with negatively charged molecules (such as phosphate in Escherichia coli and Salmonella and galacturonic acid in Klebsiella pneumoniae ) has been shown to be involved in maintaining membrane stability. However, the biological role(s) of the remaining substitutions is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilisa Frirdich
- Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chris Whitfield
- Department of Microbiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada,
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33
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Wiese A, Gutsmann T, Seydel U. Review: Towards antibacterial strategies: studies on the mechanisms of interaction between antibacterial peptides and model membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519030090020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) play a dual role as inflammation-inducing and as membrane-forming molecules. The former role attracts significantly more attention from scientists, possibly because it is more closely related to sepsis and septic shock. This review aims to focus the reader's attention to the other role, the function of LPS as the major constituent of the outer layer of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, in particular those of enterobacterial strains. In this function, LPS is a necessary component of the cell envelope and guarantees survival of the bacterial organism. At the same time, it represents the first target for attacking molecules which may either be synthesized by the host's innate or adaptive immune system or administered to the human body. The interaction of these molecules with the outer membrane may not only directly cause the death of the bacterial organism, but may also lead to the release of LPS into the circulation. Here, we review membrane model systems and their application for the study of molecular mechanisms of interaction of peptides such as those of the human complement system, the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), cationic antibacterial peptide 18 kDa (CAP18) as an example of cathelicidins, defensins, and polymyxin B (PMB). Emphasis is on electrical measurements with a reconstitution system of the lipid matrix of the outer membrane which was established in the authors' laboratory as a planar asymmetric bilayer with one leaflet being composed solely of LPS and the other of the natural phospholipid mixture. The main conclusion, which can be drawn from these investigations, is that LPS and in general its negative charges are the dominant determinants for specific peptide—membrane interactions. However, the detailed mechanisms of interaction, which finally lead to bacterial killing, may involve further steps and differ for different antibacterial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Wiese
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Thomas Gutsmann
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Seydel
- Division of Biophysics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany,
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34
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David S, Awasthi S, Wiese A, Ulmer A, Lindner B, Brandenburg K, Seydel U, Rietschel E, Sonesson A, Balaram P. Characterization of the interactions of a polycationic, amphiphilic, terminally branched oligopeptide with lipid A and lipopolysaccharide from the deep rough mutant of Salmonella minnesota. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/096805199600300501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lipid A and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding and neutralizing activities of a synthetic, polycationic, amphiphilic peptide were studied. The branched peptide, designed as a functional analog of polymyxin B, has a six residue hydrophobic sequence, bearing at its N-terminus a penultimate lysine residue whose α- and E-amino groups are coupled to two terminal lysine residues. In fluorescence spectroscopic studies designed to examine relative affinities of binding to the toxin, neutralization of surface charge and fluidization of the acyl domains, the peptide was active, closely resembling the effects of polymyxin B and its nonapeptide derivative; however, the synthetic peptide does not induce phase transitions in LPS aggregates as do polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide. The peptide was also comparable with polymyxin B in its ability to inhibit LPS-mediated IL-1 and IL-6 release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The synthetic compound is devoid of antibacterial activities and did not induce conductance fluxes in LPS-containing asymmetric planar membranes. These results strengthen the premise that basicity and amphiphilicity are necessary and sufficient physical properties that ascribe endotoxin binding and neutralizing activities, and further suggest that antibacterial/membrane perturbant and LPS neutralizing activities are dissociable, which may be of value in designing LPS-sequestering agents of low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. David
- Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India, 1000 Wahl Hall East, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160-7382, USA
| | - S.K. Awasthi
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - A. Wiese
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - A.J. Ulmer
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - B. Lindner
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - U. Seydel
- Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | | | - A. Sonesson
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Astra Draco AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - P. Balaram
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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35
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Kucharska I, Liang B, Ursini N, Tamm LK. Molecular Interactions of Lipopolysaccharide with an Outer Membrane Protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Probed by Solution NMR. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5061-72. [PMID: 27532487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen causing pneumonias that are particularly severe in cystic fibrosis and immunocompromised patients. The outer membrane (OM) of P. aeruginosa is much less permeable to nutrients and other chemical compounds than that of Escherichia coli. The low permeability of the OM, which also contributes to Pseudomonas' significant antibiotic resistance, is augmented by the presence of the outer membrane protein H (OprH). OprH directly interacts with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that constitute the outer leaflet of the OM and thus contributes to the structural stability of the OM. In this study, we used solution NMR spectroscopy to characterize the interactions between LPS and OprH in molecular detail. NMR chemical shift perturbations observed upon the addition of LPS to OprH in DHPC micelles indicate that this interaction is predominantly electrostatic and localized to the extracellular loops 2 and 3 and a number of highly conserved basic residues near the extracellular barrel rim of OprH. Single-site mutations of these residues were not enough to completely abolish binding, but OprH with cumulative mutations of Lys70, Arg72, and Lys103 no longer binds LPS. The dissociation constant (∼200 μM) measured by NMR is sufficient to efficiently bind LPS to OprH in the OM. This work highlights that solution NMR is suitable to study specific interactions of lipids with integral membrane proteins and provides a detailed molecular model for the interaction of LPS with OprH; i.e., an interaction that contributes to the integrity of the OM of P. aeruginosa under low divalent cation and antibiotic stress conditions. These methods should thus be useful for screening antibiotics that might disrupt OprH-LPS interactions and thereby increase the permeability of the OM of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iga Kucharska
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Binyong Liang
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Nicholas Ursini
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
| | - Lukas K Tamm
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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36
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Takayama S, Hashimoto K, Kokubu E, Taniguchi M, Tajima K, Ochiai A, Saitoh E, Saito A, Ishihara K, Kato T. Inhibitory effects of a novel cationic dodecapeptide [CL(14–25)] derived from cyanate lyase of rice on endotoxic activities of LPSs from Escherichia coli and periodontopathic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Microb Pathog 2016; 94:2-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Chou B, Mirau P, Jiang T, Wang SW, Shea KJ. Tuning Hydrophobicity in Abiotic Affinity Reagents: Polymer Hydrogel Affinity Reagents for Molecules with Lipid-like Domains. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1860-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Chou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Peter Mirau
- Air
Force Research Lab-Soft Matter Materials Branch (AFRL/RXAS), United States Air Force, Air Force Material Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Fairborn, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Tian Jiang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2575, United States
| | - Szu-Wen Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2575, United States
| | - Kenneth J. Shea
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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38
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Ghosh A, Bera S, Shai Y, Mangoni ML, Bhunia A. NMR structure and binding of esculentin-1a (1–21)NH 2 and its diastereomer to lipopolysaccharide: Correlation with biological functions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2016; 1858:800-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Harm S, Gabor F, Hartmann J. Low-dose polymyxin: an option for therapy of Gram-negative sepsis. Innate Immun 2016; 22:274-83. [PMID: 26993088 PMCID: PMC4834512 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916639120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endotoxins are the major components of the outer membrane of most Gram-negative bacteria and are one of the main targets in inflammatory diseases. The presence of endotoxins in blood can provoke septic shock in case of pronounced immune response. Here we show in vitro inactivation of endotoxins by polymyxin B (PMB). The inflammatory activity of the LPS–PMB complex in blood was examined in vitro in freshly drawn blood samples. Plasma protein binding of PMB was determined by ultracentrifugation using membranes with different molecular cut-offs, and PMB clearance during dialysis was calculated after in vitro experiments using the AV1000S filter. The formed LPS–PMB complex has lower inflammatory activity in blood, which results in highly reduced cytokine secretion. According to in vitro measurements, the appropriate plasma level of PMB for LPS inactivation is between 100 and 200 ng/ml. Furthermore, the combination of cytokine removal by adsorbent treatment with LPS inactivation by PMB dosage leads to strong suppression of inflammatory effects in blood in an in vitro model. Inactivation of endotoxins by low-dose intravenous PMB infusion or infusion into the extracorporeal circuit during blood purification can be applied to overcome the urgent need for endotoxin elimination not only in treatment of sepsis, but also in liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Harm
- Department for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Gabor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jens Hartmann
- Department for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
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40
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Taniguchi M, Ochiai A, Matsushima K, Tajima K, Kato T, Saitoh E, Tanaka T. Endotoxin-neutralizing activity and mechanism of action of a cationic α-helical antimicrobial octadecapeptide derived from α-amylase of rice. Peptides 2016; 75:101-8. [PMID: 26643956 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that AmyI-1-18, an octadecapeptide derived from α-amylase (AmyI-1) of rice, is a novel cationic α-helical peptide that exhibited antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Propionibacterium acnes, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. In this study, to further investigate the potential functions of AmyI-1-18, we examined its inhibitory ability against the endotoxic activities of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs, smooth and Rc types) and lipid A from Escherichia coli. AmyI-1-18 inhibited the production of endotoxin-induced nitric oxide (NO), an inflammatory mediator, in mouse macrophages (RAW264) in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of a chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay illustrated that the ability [50% effective concentration (EC50): 0.17 μM] of AmyI-1-18 to neutralize lipid A was similar to its ability (EC50: 0.26 μM) to neutralize LPS, suggesting that AmyI-1-18 specifically binds to the lipid A moiety of LPS. Surface plasmon resonance analysis of the interaction between AmyI-1-18 and LPS or lipid A also suggested that AmyI-1-18 directly binds to the lipid A moiety of LPS because the dissociation constant (KD) of AmyI-1-18 with lipid A is 5.6×10(-10) M, which is similar to that (4.3×10(-10) M) of AmyI-1-18 with LPS. In addition, AmyI-1-18 could block the binding of LPS-binding protein to LPS, although its ability was less than that of polymyxin B. These results suggest that AmyI-1-18 expressing antimicrobial and endotoxin-neutralizing activities is useful as a safe and potent host defense peptide against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria in many fields of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Taniguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
| | - Akihito Ochiai
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Kenta Matsushima
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Koji Tajima
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Eiichi Saitoh
- Graduate School of Technology, Niigata Institute of Technology, Niigata 945-1195, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Carnicelli D, Arfilli V, Ricci F, Velati C, Tazzari PL, Brigotti M. The Antibiotic Polymyxin B Impairs the Interactions between Shiga Toxins and Human Neutrophils. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:1177-85. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kalita P, Dasgupta A, Sritharan V, Gupta S. Nanoparticle–Drug Bioconjugate as Dual Functional Affinity Ligand for Rapid Point-of-Care Detection of Endotoxin in Water and Serum. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11007-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Kalita
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anshuman Dasgupta
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Venkataraman Sritharan
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomarkers, Global Medical Education and Research Foundation, Hyderabad 500004, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Conceição K, Magalhães PR, Campos SRR, Domingues MM, Ramu VG, Michalek M, Bertani P, Baptista AM, Heras M, Bardaji ER, Bechinger B, Ferreira ML, Castanho MARB. The anti-inflammatory action of the analgesic kyotorphin neuropeptide derivatives: insights of a lipid-mediated mechanism. Amino Acids 2015; 48:307-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Agaricoglycerides Protect against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Attenuating Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress, and Expression of NF-κB. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:142736. [PMID: 25960746 PMCID: PMC4415680 DOI: 10.1155/2015/142736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effects of agaricoglycerides (AG) in a mouse model of hepatic I/R injury. I/R triggered increases/changes in markers of liver injury, hepatic oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). AG significantly reduced the extent of liver inflammation and oxidative stress and also attenuated the NF-κB activation as well as TNF-α and IL-1β production. Our results indicate that AG may represent a novel protective strategy against I/R-induced injury and inflammatory diseases.
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Xu F, Dai CL, Peng SL, Zhao Y, Jia CJ, Xu YQ, Zhao C. Polymyxin B protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model of obstructive jaundice. Inflammation 2015; 37:1015-21. [PMID: 24595742 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of polymyxin B (PMB) against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats with obstructive jaundice. Thirty-six Wistar rats (eighteen each) with induced hepatic I/R injury by biliary tract ligation and recanalization were assigned to a control group (reperfused with normal saline) and a PMB group (reperfused with PMB). Indicators involving liver function, oxidation resistance, pro-inflammatory state, and anti-apoptosis effect were determined following the instructions. Compared with normal saline, PMB reperfusion resulted in a significant improvement of liver function (increase of glutathione and reduction of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase), oxidation resistance (decreased malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity), alleviation of pro-inflammatory state (less tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mRNA, and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1), and anti-apoptosis effect (more Bcl-2 and less Bax). PMB protects the liver from I/R injury mainly through reducing cellular oncosis and apoptosis and regulating the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and ICAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China,
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Tsuji R, Koizumi H, Aoki D, Watanabe Y, Sugihara Y, Matsushita Y, Fukushima K, Fujiwara D. Lignin-rich enzyme lignin (LREL), a cellulase-treated lignin-carbohydrate derived from plants, activates myeloid dendritic cells via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). J Biol Chem 2014; 290:4410-21. [PMID: 25548274 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin-carbohydrates, one of the major cell wall components, are believed to be the structures that form chemical linkage between lignin and cell wall polysaccharides. Due to the molecular complexity of lignin-containing substances, their isolation and the assignment of their biological activities have so far remained a difficult task. Here, we extracted two lignin-containing carbohydrates, lignin-rich enzyme lignin (LREL) and pure enzyme lignin (PEL), from barley husk and demonstrated that they act as immune stimulators of dendritic cells (DCs), which are particularly important in linking innate and adaptive immunity. Thioacidolysis, acid hydrolysis, and mild alkali hydrolysis of both LREL and PEL revealed that their immunostimulatory activities depended on the lignin structure and/or content, neutral sugar content (especially the characteristic distribution of galactose and mannose), and presence of an ester bond. Furthermore, we showed that the immunostimulatory potency of the lignin-carbohydrate depended on its molecular weight and degree of polymerization. We also demonstrated that the LREL-induced activation of DCs was mediated via TLR4. Thus, LREL-induced increases in the expression levels of several cell surface marker proteins, production of inflammatory cytokines IL-12p40 and TNF-α, and activation and nuclear translocation of transcription factors, as was observed in the WT DCs, were completely abrogated in DCs derived from the TLR4(-/-) mice but not in DCs derived from the TLR2(-/-), TLR7(-/-), and TLR9(-/-) mice. We further demonstrated that LRELs isolated from other plant tissues also activated DCs. These immunostimulatory activities of lignin-carbohydrates, extracted from edible plant tissues, could have potential relevance in anti-infectious immunity and vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Tsuji
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Hideki Koizumi
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Dan Aoki
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuta Watanabe
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Yoshihiko Sugihara
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
| | - Yasuyuki Matsushita
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Fukushima
- the Division of Biological Material Sciences, Department of Biosphere Resources Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fujiwara
- From the Central Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Co, Ltd., 1-13-5 Fukuura, Kanazawa, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan and
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Mohanram H, Bhattacharjya S. Cysteine deleted protegrin-1 (CDP-1): anti-bacterial activity, outer-membrane disruption and selectivity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:3006-16. [PMID: 24997421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protegin-1 (PG-1: RGGRLCYCRRRFCVCVGR-amide) assumes a rigid β-hairpin like structure that is stabilized by two disulfide bridges between Cys6-Cys15 and Cys8-Cys13. Previous studies, employing linear analogs of PG-1, with Cys to Ala mutations or modified Cys, have demonstrated that the disulfide bridges are critical for the broad spectrum and salt resistant antimicrobial activity of PG-1. METHODS In order to understand structural and functional roles of disulfide bonds in protegrins, we have synthesized a Cys deleted variant of PG-1 or CDP-1, RGGRLYRRRFVVGR-amide, and two of its analogs, RR11, RLYRRRFVVGR-amide, and LR10, LYRRRFVVGR-amide, containing deletion of residues at the N-terminus. These peptides have been characterized for bactericidal activity and mode of action in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using optical spectroscopy, ITC and NMR. RESULTS Antibacterial activity, against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, of the three peptides follows the order: CDP-1>RR11>LR10. LR10 displays only limited activity toward Gram-negative strains. CDP-1 demonstrates efficient membrane permeabilization and high-affinity interactions with LPS. CDP-1 and RR11 both assume β-hairpin like compact structures in complex with LPS, whereas LR10 adopts an extended conformation in LPS. In zwitterionic DPC micelles CDP-1 and the truncated analog peptides do not adopt folded conformations. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Despite the absence of stabilizing disulfide bridges CDP-1 shows broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and assumes β-hairpin like structure in complex with LPS. The β-hairpin structure may be essential for outer membrane permeabilization and cell killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Mohanram
- School of Biological Sciences, Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjya
- School of Biological Sciences, Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore.
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Bezerra GA, Viertlmayr R, Moura TR, Delatorre P, Rocha BAM, do Nascimento KS, Figueiredo JG, Bezerra IG, Teixeira CS, Simões RC, Nagano CS, de Alencar NMN, Gruber K, Cavada BS. Structural studies of an anti-inflammatory lectin from Canavalia boliviana seeds in complex with dimannosides. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97015. [PMID: 24865454 PMCID: PMC4035259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant lectins, especially those purified from species of the Leguminosae family, represent the best-studied group of carbohydrate-binding proteins. Lectins purified from seeds of the Diocleinae subtribe exhibit a high degree of sequence identity notwithstanding that they show very distinct biological activities. Two main factors have been related to this feature: variance in key residues influencing the carbohydrate-binding site geometry and differences in the pH-dependent oligomeric state profile. In this work, we have isolated a lectin from Canavalia boliviana (Cbol) and solved its x-ray crystal structure in the unbound form and in complex with the carbohydrates Man(α1-3)Man(α1-O)Me, Man(α1-4)Man(α1-O)Me and 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-α-D-mannose. We evaluated its oligomerization profile at different pH values using Small Angle X-ray Scattering and compared it to that of Concanavalin A. Based on predicted pKa-shifts of amino acids in the subunit interfaces we devised a model for the dimer-tetramer equilibrium phenomena of these proteins. Additionally, we demonstrated Cbol anti-inflammatory properties and further characterized them using in vivo and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Arruda Bezerra
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail: (BSC); (GAB)
| | - Roland Viertlmayr
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tales Rocha Moura
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Plínio Delatorre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jozi Godoy Figueiredo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Cicero Silvano Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rafael Conceição Simões
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Celso Shiniti Nagano
- Department of Fishing Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Karl Gruber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Benildo Sousa Cavada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- * E-mail: (BSC); (GAB)
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Mohanram H, Bhattacharjya S. β-Boomerang Antimicrobial and Antiendotoxic Peptides: Lipidation and Disulfide Bond Effects on Activity and Structure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2014; 7:482-501. [PMID: 24756162 PMCID: PMC4014704 DOI: 10.3390/ph7040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens and endotoxin- or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammations are among some of the most prominent health issues globally. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are eminent molecules that can kill drug-resistant strains and neutralize LPS toxicity. LPS, the outer layer of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria safeguards cell integrity against hydrophobic compounds, including antibiotics and AMPs. Apart from maintaining structural integrity, LPS, when released into the blood stream, also induces inflammatory pathways leading to septic shock. In previous works, we have reported the de novo design of a set of 12-amino acid long cationic/hydrophobic peptides for LPS binding and activity. These peptides adopt β-boomerang like conformations in complex with LPS. Structure-activity studies demonstrated some critical features of the β-boomerang scaffold that may be utilized for the further development of potent analogs. In this work, β-boomerang lipopeptides were designed and structure-activity correlation studies were carried out. These lipopeptides were homo-dimerized through a disulfide bridge to stabilize conformations and for improved activity. The designed peptides exhibited potent antibacterial activity and efficiently neutralized LPS toxicity under in vitro assays. NMR structure of C4YI13C in aqueous solution demonstrated the conserved folding of the lipopeptide with a boomerang aromatic lock stabilized with disulfide bond at the C-terminus and acylation at the N-terminus. These lipo-peptides displaying bacterial sterilization and low hemolytic activity may be useful for future applications as antimicrobial and antiendotoxin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harini Mohanram
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjya
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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50
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Endotoxin adsorbents in extracorporeal blood purification: do they fulfill expectations? Int J Artif Organs 2014; 37:222-32. [PMID: 24744167 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are extremely strong stimulators of inflammatory reactions, act at very low concentrations, and are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis and septic shock. Because of its toxicity, the efficient removal of endotoxin from patients' blood is very important in clinical medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine the endotoxin adsorption capacities of commercial endotoxin adsorbers for endotoxin removal in buffer solution, protein solution, serum and heparinized plasma; some of these were also characterized in whole blood. The tested LPS adsorbers were Toraymyxin® PMX-20R, Alteco® LPS Adsorber, DEAE-Sepharose, Polymyxin B-Agarose, and EndoTrap® red. METHODS The adsorber materials were tested in buffer and protein solutions spiked with fluorescently labeled LPS (100 ng/ml). Additionally, batch tests with LPS-spiked serum, heparinized plasma and whole blood were performed with an LPS concentration of 5 ng/ml. Additionally, the washing solutions of the two tested Polymyxin B (PMB)-based adsorbers were analyzed for PMB release to determine if the resulting LPS inactivation was caused by PMB leakage. RESULTS The results show that DEAE-Sepharose was most effective in LPS adsorption. Of the other tested endotoxin removal materials, only the PMB-based adsorbers were able to reduce the LPS activity. However, we were able to show that the reduction in LPS activity was caused by desorbed PMB, which inactivates endotoxins. CONCLUSIONS None of the adsorbents that were tested in this study showed promising results for potential use in extracorporeal blood purification.
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